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CN111093957B - 使用失去的密封件制造车辆装饰件的方法 - Google Patents

使用失去的密封件制造车辆装饰件的方法 Download PDF

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CN111093957B
CN111093957B CN201880059797.9A CN201880059797A CN111093957B CN 111093957 B CN111093957 B CN 111093957B CN 201880059797 A CN201880059797 A CN 201880059797A CN 111093957 B CN111093957 B CN 111093957B
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carrier substrate
plastic material
seal
injection mold
sealed cavity
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CN111093957A (zh
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B·凯勒
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HIB Trim Part Solutions GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/0038Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with sealing means or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/005Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the location of the parting line of the mould parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/02Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C39/10Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14336Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • B29C45/14418Sealing means between mould and article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1635Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using displaceable mould parts, e.g. retractable partition between adjacent mould cavities
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1675Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using exchangeable mould halves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C45/1676Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using a soft material and a rigid material, e.g. making articles with a sealing part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14336Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • B29C2045/14459Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article injecting seal elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C2045/1486Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
    • B29C2045/14934Preventing penetration of injected material between insert and adjacent mould wall
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005Body finishings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005Body finishings
    • B29L2031/3008Instrument panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种使用注塑模具(1)制造车辆装饰件(10)的方法,其中借助一同注射至载体衬底的失去的密封件由表面覆盖层(8)以重叠的方式构建所述载体衬底的边缘。

Description

使用失去的密封件制造车辆装饰件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用注塑模具制造车辆装饰件的方法。
背景技术
在内部空间中制造装饰件,特别是用于汽车的仪表盘或护板的装饰件时,将装饰层,如木贴面,施覆至承载元件上并且借助漆涂层或聚氨酯层涂敷。通过预压印至承载元件或者碾过承载元件将聚氨酯层密封在模具中。但在此情况下,承载元件的边缘始终保持可见,因为无法确保对对承载元件的边缘区段进行侧向覆盖。这表明,侧视图将由承载元件、装饰层和聚氨酯层构成的层结构再现为夹层结构。这在某些实施方案中可能是期望作为风格构件的,但这个层结构通常优选在侧视图中是无法看见的。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种方法,用于制造装饰件,所述装饰件的边缘区段以某种方式构建,使得层结构无法被识别。
本发明用以达成上述目的的解决方案在于下述特征组合。
根据本发明,提出一种使用注塑模具制造车辆装饰件的方法,其具有以下步骤和特征:
a.由第一塑料材料在所述注塑模具的模具型腔中产生载体衬底。
b.沿所述载体衬底的与所述载体衬底的边缘间隔一定距离的边缘区段注射由第二塑料材料构成的失去的密封件,使得所述载体衬底的边缘暴露出来,其中所述第二塑料材料与所述第一塑料材料有所不同并且适于与所述第一塑料材料进入可再次解除的键合,
c.在所述载体衬底与所述注塑模具的模具部件之间产生密封型腔,
d.以所述载体衬底及其边缘重叠的方式将表面覆盖层嵌入所述密封型腔;
e.打开所述注塑模具并对所述装饰件进行脱模。从所述载体衬底移除所述失去的密封件。
载体衬底是成形的承载元件,其用于将装饰件固定在车辆上并且用于容置或构建可见的装饰(如木贴面、铝、碳织物等)和表面覆盖层。
根据本发明,在注塑模具内部将失去的密封件一同注射至待制造的组件上。“失去的密封件”的描述表示仅暂时使用这个密封件并且在本发明的方法期间还将再次移除这个密封件。针对每个待制造的组件,将自由的失去的密封件注射至各载体衬底上。
将不同塑料材料用于载体衬底和失去的密封圈明确地以如下方式实现:这两个材料不会永久化合。为此,在一个有利的实施变体中,所述载体衬底的第一塑料材料由塑料混合物构成,所述塑料混合物由聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共混物(PC/ABS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯和聚酰胺共混物(ABS/PA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)构成,所述失去的密封件的第二塑料材料由具有蜡分量的烯烃热塑性塑料,特别是聚乙烯(PE)或聚丙烯(PP)构成。
载体衬底与注塑模具的模具部件之间的在所述方法期间产生的密封型腔沿载体衬底的边缘区段受失去的密封件限制,其中保持与边缘间隔期望的距离。所述密封型腔以在两侧与所述载体衬底的边缘重叠的方式形成。这个距离决定表面覆盖层从可见表面成角度地伸出边缘以及覆盖这个边缘的长度。在此情况下,以某种方式确定这个距离或这个长度,使得待制造的装饰件的层结构在侧视图中不再可见。在产生所述密封型腔时,所述模具部件和所述失去的密封件密封地被嵌接。为此,模具部件向着密封件而移动。
在所述方法的一个实施方案中,在载体衬底与表面覆盖层之间嵌入装饰层,如薄膜、纸、(木)贴面、铝、碳织物等。在一个实施方案中,这个装饰层尽在载体衬底的可见顶侧上延伸,在一个替代性实施方案中,围绕载体衬底的边缘朝失去的密封件的方向对这个装饰层进行导引。这个表面覆盖层可以采用透明或染色的构建方案。
在所述方法的一个进一步方案中,用于所述载体衬底的第一塑料材料具有不超过30%的玻璃纤维分量,用以提高刚度和强度。
此外,在一个有利实施方案中,所述方法的特征在于,在所述反应注射成型法(RIM)中,将所述表面覆盖层施覆至所述载体衬底。
在一个实施变体中,将所述脱模实施为两级脱模过程,在所述脱模过程中,首先对所述装饰件进行脱模,随后从所述载体衬底移除所述失去的密封件。作为替代方案,也可以在过程结束后,手动或自动地移除密封件。
此外,所述方法的一个进一步方案在于,至少分配给所述密封型腔的功能面集成至所述失去的密封件中,所述功能面用作所述装饰件与所述注塑模具之间的分界面。这种功能面例如可以沿失去的密封件以分配给模具部件的方式构建为凸出部或过剩材料,其通过压紧模具部件而塑性变形,以便更好地进行密封。此外,过剩材料可以以特殊的方式成形,例如具有三角形横截面,其尖端指向这个模具部件。相应的凸出部优选具有约0.5mm的尺寸。通过将功能面集成至失去的密封圈这可以例如在模具部件上省去用于确保密封的补充性措施。
本发明还包括每个根据上述方法中的任一个所制造的装饰件。
附图说明
本发明的其他有利的进一步方案下面将参照附图结合本发明的优选实施方案的描述更详细地对此进行说明。其中:
图1为注塑模具的第一方法步骤,
图2为注塑模具的第二方法步骤,
图3为注塑模具的第三方法步骤,
图4为注塑模具的第四方法步骤,
图5为注塑模具的第五方法步骤,
图6为具有仍然连接的密封件的脱模的装饰件;
图7为脱模的成品装饰件。
具体实施方式
所述附图是示例性示意图。在所有图式中,相同的元件采用相同的附图标记。
图1-5示出使用注塑模具1制造装饰件10的方法的一个实施例,其中注塑模具1具有多个模具部件14、15、17、18,这些模具部件可以相对彼此进行运动。如图1和2所示,在模具部件14、15上方形式模具型腔2,将载体衬底3注入这个模具型腔。载体衬底3由第一塑料材料构成,特别是由塑料混合物构成,这个塑料混合物由聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共混物(PC/ABS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯和聚酰胺共混物(ABS/PA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)构成。
从第二侧在载体衬底3的高度上移动形成模具型腔19的模具部件17、18,然后将由第二塑料材料构成的,特别是由烯烃热塑性塑料,特别是聚乙烯(PE)或聚丙烯(PP)构成的失去的密封件4注射到载体基底3上。载体衬底3和失去的密封件4的这两个塑料材料进入暂时但可解除的化合,以便在制造程序中将失去的密封件4用作功能体。如图3所示,沿与载体衬底3的边缘5间隔一定距离的边缘区段注射失去的密封件4,使得载体衬底3的边缘5在相邻的边缘区段的两侧(表面和侧面)上暴露出来。在此情况下,模具部件14、15、17、18被闭合。即使在所示的剖视图中看不到,密封件4仍沿载体衬底3的整个长度延伸。
随后打开模具部件14、17并将其移走。如图4所示,作为替代方案,将载体衬底3与注射成型的密封件4一同旋转,从而根据图4,将模具部件7放置到失去的密封件4上以进行密封并且在载体衬底3、注塑模具1的模具部件7和密封件4之间产生密封型腔6。以反应注射成型法(RIM)将表面覆盖层8以载体衬底3及其边缘5重叠的方式施覆至密封型腔6中并将这个表面覆盖层固化。然后,如图5所示,打开注塑模具1,对装饰件10进行脱模。在此情况下,同时可以从载体衬底3一同移除失去的密封件4。
图6示出所述方法的替代性实施方案,其中在对装饰件10进行脱模后,密封件4仍固定在载体衬底3上,随后在注塑模具1外部移除这个密封件。此外,在这个实施方案中,在在RIM工艺中围绕边缘5施覆表面覆盖层8之前,在载体衬底3上补充性地施覆延伸至边缘5的装饰层7‘。这可以相应地集成至图1至5所示的方法中,其中将装饰层7‘铺设到注射成型的载体衬底3上。表面覆盖层8可以采用透明的构建方案,使得装饰层7‘保持可见。
图7示出成品装饰件10,其具有由第一塑料材料构成的载体衬底3、装饰层7’、围绕边缘5的表面覆盖层8。

Claims (14)

1.一种使用注塑模具(1)制造车辆装饰件(10)的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a.由第一塑料材料在所述注塑模具(1)的模具型腔(2)中产生载体衬底(3);
b.沿所述载体衬底(3)的与所述载体衬底(3)的边缘(5)间隔一定距离的边缘区段注射由第二塑料材料构成的失去的密封件(4),使得所述载体衬底(3)的边缘(5)暴露出来,其中所述第二塑料材料与所述第一塑料材料有所不同并且适于与所述第一塑料材料进入可再次解除的键合,
c.在所述载体衬底(3)与所述注塑模具(1)的模具部件(7)之间产生密封型腔(6),
d.以与所述载体衬底(3)及其边缘(5)重叠的方式将表面覆盖层(8)嵌入所述密封型腔(6);
e.打开所述注塑模具(1)并对所述装饰件(10)进行脱模,其中从所述载体衬底(3)移除所述失去的密封件(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在产生所述密封型腔(6)时,所述模具部件和所述失去的密封件(4)密封地被嵌接并且至少分段的限制所述密封型腔。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述载体衬底(3)与所述表面覆盖层(8)之间嵌入装饰层(7’)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述载体衬底(3)的第一塑料材料由塑料混合物构成,所述塑料混合物由聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共混物(PC/ABS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯和聚酰胺共混物(ABS/PA)或聚碳酸酯(PC)构成。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述失去的密封件(4)的第二塑料材料由烯烃热塑性塑料构成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述失去的密封件(4)的第二塑料材料由聚乙烯(PE)或聚丙烯(PP)构成。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一塑料材料具有不超过30%的玻璃纤维分量。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,以在两侧与所述载体衬底(3)的边缘重叠的方式形成所述密封型腔(6)。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,在反应注射成型法(RIM)中,将所述表面覆盖层(8)施覆至所述载体衬底(3)。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,将所述脱模实施为两级脱模过程,在所述脱模过程中,首先对所述装饰件(10)进行脱模,随后从所述载体衬底(3)移除所述失去的密封件(4)。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,至少分配给所述密封型腔(6)的功能面集成至所述失去的密封件(4)中,所述功能面用作所述装饰件(10)与所述注塑模具之间的分界面。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,为产生所述功能面,所述失去的密封件(4)具有突出的且可以通过所述模具部件塑性变形的材料凸出部。
13.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,针对每个所述装饰件注射一个新的失去的密封件(4)。
14.一种根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的方法制成的装饰件。
CN201880059797.9A 2017-09-18 2018-08-27 使用失去的密封件制造车辆装饰件的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN111093957B (zh)

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