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CN111094129A - 飞行器驱动单元 - Google Patents

飞行器驱动单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111094129A
CN111094129A CN201880054852.5A CN201880054852A CN111094129A CN 111094129 A CN111094129 A CN 111094129A CN 201880054852 A CN201880054852 A CN 201880054852A CN 111094129 A CN111094129 A CN 111094129A
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China
Prior art keywords
drive unit
fans
drive
air channel
air
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CN201880054852.5A
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格瑞哥兹·布里亚兹克
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/13—Propulsion using external fans or propellers
    • B64U50/14—Propulsion using external fans or propellers ducted or shrouded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/001—Shrouded propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C29/00—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft
    • B64C29/0008—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded
    • B64C29/0016—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by free or ducted propellers or by blowers
    • B64C29/0025—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by free or ducted propellers or by blowers the propellers being fixed relative to the fuselage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/20—Vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/30—Lift-producing means using radial airflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/80—Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
    • B64U20/83—Electronic components structurally integrated with aircraft elements, e.g. circuit boards carrying loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/10—Wings
    • B64U30/12—Variable or detachable wings, e.g. wings with adjustable sweep

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的技术方案提供了一种用于飞行器驱动单元，其允许建造垂直起降飞行器，旨在应用于例如飞行出租车生产，以及模型制作领域和玩具工业。驱动单元由空气通道/1/组成，空气通道/1/的形式是一段直的圆形截面的管道，空气通道/1/具有带有发动机/3和3'/的风扇/2和2'/，风扇/2和2'/固定在空气通道/1/两端。垂直气流出入口喷嘴/5/的开口位于驱动器的固定风扇/2和2'/之间。

Description

飞行器驱动单元
技术领域
本发明的主题是一种用于飞行器驱动单元，其应用于航空工业，例如飞行出租车生产，以及模型制作领域和玩具工业。
背景技术
下述技术方案是已知的：其结合公知的飞行器和直升飞机的驱动系统或系统，使用产生垂直气流的螺旋桨或涡轮机用于垂直起降，然后通过位置的旋转变化将气流的方向改变为水平。完全将位置从垂直改变为水平的垂直起飞飞行器这类技术方案是已知的。
从国际申请WO2003GB02770中，下述技术方案是已知的：空中车辆驱动设备，包括风扇和引导件，该风扇放置在管状空气通道中，该引导件用于将空气射流分配到朝向适当射流喷嘴的两个或更多个附加射流中。该设备提供垂直启动和提升力以及用于水平飞行的力。
从美国发明公开US20080150083的公布内容中已知一种驱动单元，该驱动单元装配有具有分配器的涡轮，该涡轮与冲压喷气发动机的出口斜槽纵向地布置在空气通道中。分配器将来自冲压喷气发动机的废气流均匀地划分至两对出口喷嘴，出口喷嘴的出口部分与喷嘴的垂直纵向轴线成120°角弯曲。
从波兰专利说明书PL221132中已知一种装配有发动机的垂直起降飞行器的驱动器，该驱动器包含至少两对相对于飞行器轴线对称定位在右侧和左侧的空气通道。涡轮和节流阀放置在每个空气通道中，节流阀用于调节由涡轮产生的牵引力并且位于空气通道的空气入口和涡轮之间。每个空气通道包括在出口处的可移动出口喷嘴。
发明内容
本发明的目的是设计这样一种驱动器结构，其允许建造垂直起降飞行器，而不需要为飞行器装备附加的旋转驱动元件，或者不将附加的旋转驱动元件装备在分别用于垂直飞行和水平飞行的两个驱动系统中。
根据本发明，该空中车辆驱动单元具有至少一个空气通道，该至少一个空气通道装配有多个出入口喷嘴的开口和驱动器，该驱动器的形式是具有至少一个风扇和发动机，该空中车辆驱动单元的本质在于，驱动器的风扇固定在空气通道的两端，并且驱动器的风扇中的每一个与独立的发动机连接，用于通过每个风扇单独调节气流。出入口喷嘴的开口之一位于固定驱动风扇之间的空气通道的中心部分的壁中，并且构成垂直气流出入口喷嘴的开口。
当垂直气流出入口喷嘴的开口具有圆角矩形轮廓，且该轮廓在空气通道的纵向轴线的方向上呈细长形时，这一情况是有利的。
根据本发明的技术方案的特点在于简单的构造，其允许通过独立调节由各个风扇产生的空气射流的速率和方向来自由地控制车辆。车辆可以升降、旋转、前后飞行。
该驱动单元允许在飞行器中以其各种组合和布置而加以应用。
附图说明
本发明的主题呈现在实施例中，在附图中，
图1示意性地以纵向截面的形式从侧面示出了飞行器驱动单元，
图2以纵向截面地形式从上方示出了该驱动单元，
图3示出了具有在同一方向上产生的相等牵引力F1和F2的驱动单元的合成牵引力F，
图4示出了具有在同一方向产生的不同牵引力F1和F2的驱动单元的合成牵引力F'，
图5示出了具有彼此相反地产生的相等牵引力F1和F2的驱动单元的合成牵引力F"，
图6示意性地示出了具有根据本发明的驱动单元的飞行器的示例。
具体实施方式
图1和图2所示的根据本发明的飞行器驱动单元由空气通道1形成，其形式是一段直的圆形截面管道，该空气通道1具有带有发动机3和3'的风扇2和2'，风扇2和2'固定在空气通道1的两端。水平气流出入口喷嘴4的开口位于空气通道1的两端，而垂直气流出入口喷嘴5的开口位于驱动器的固定风扇2和2'之间并且纵向地位于空气通道的中心部分的壁中。
在图6中示出了三角形构造的具有该驱动单元的飞行器，其中有三个独立的带有驱动器的空气通道，该驱动器形式是带有发动机的风扇，风扇固定在空气通道的两端。
根据风扇产生的气流的方向和力，装配有三个开口的空气通道在任意方向上产生合成气流。由此，车辆可以实现在任意方向上的飞行方向稳定，该任意方向即：垂直上升和下降，以及水平向前和向后。通过应用几个空气通道，可以实现整个车辆的附加旋转运动。

Claims (2)

1.一种空中车辆的驱动单元，所述驱动单元包括至少一个空气通道，所述至少一个空气通道装配有出入口喷嘴的开口和驱动器，所述驱动器包括发动机和固定在所述空气通道中的至少一个风扇，其特征在于，所述驱动器的风扇/2和2'/被紧固在所述空气通道/1/的两端，并且所述驱动器的所述风扇/2和2'/中的每一个都与独立的发动机/3和3'/连接，用于通过所述风扇/2和2'/中的每一个单独调节气流，并且所述出入口喷嘴的所述开口之一位于所述驱动器的固定风扇/2和2'/之间的所述空气通道/1/的中心部分的壁中，并构成垂直气流出入口喷嘴/5/的开口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动单元，其特征在于，所述垂直气流出入口喷嘴/5/的所述开口具有圆角矩形轮廓，所述轮廓在所述空气通道/1/的纵向轴线方向上呈细长形。
CN201880054852.5A 2017-11-12 2018-11-05 飞行器驱动单元 Pending CN111094129A (zh)

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PLP.423418 2017-11-12
PL423418A PL423418A1 (pl) 2017-11-12 2017-11-12 Jednostka napędowa pojazdu latającego
PCT/PL2018/000106 WO2019093913A1 (en) 2017-11-12 2018-11-05 Flying vehicle's drive unit

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EP (1) EP3707073B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN111094129A (zh)
DK (1) DK3707073T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2987532T3 (zh)
FI (1) FI3707073T3 (zh)
HR (1) HRP20241395T1 (zh)
HU (1) HUE068697T2 (zh)
LT (1) LT3707073T (zh)
PL (2) PL423418A1 (zh)
PT (1) PT3707073T (zh)
RS (1) RS66051B1 (zh)
SI (1) SI3707073T1 (zh)
SM (1) SMT202400456T1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019093913A1 (zh)

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EP3707073B1 (en) 2024-07-17
HRP20241395T1 (hr) 2024-12-20
PL3707073T3 (pl) 2024-11-25
ES2987532T3 (es) 2024-11-15
EP3707073A1 (en) 2020-09-16
DK3707073T3 (da) 2024-10-07
US20200277050A1 (en) 2020-09-03
RS66051B1 (sr) 2024-11-29
SMT202400456T1 (it) 2025-01-14
US11753158B2 (en) 2023-09-12
FI3707073T3 (fi) 2024-10-25
HUE068697T2 (hu) 2025-01-28
PT3707073T (pt) 2024-10-21
PL423418A1 (pl) 2019-05-20
SI3707073T1 (sl) 2024-12-31
WO2019093913A1 (en) 2019-05-16

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Application publication date: 20200501