CN111086237A - Forming method of carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell - Google Patents
Forming method of carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111086237A CN111086237A CN201911156084.7A CN201911156084A CN111086237A CN 111086237 A CN111086237 A CN 111086237A CN 201911156084 A CN201911156084 A CN 201911156084A CN 111086237 A CN111086237 A CN 111086237A
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- carbon fiber
- composite material
- fiber composite
- flow guide
- guide shell
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3097—Cosmonautical vehicles; Rockets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method of a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell, which comprises the following steps: forming a cover plate by using AIRPAD rubber and fabric prepreg; laying and pasting fabric prepreg on the diversion shell mold; and covering the formed cover plate on the laid fabric prepreg, and forming the carbon fiber composite material diversion shell through bag making, curing and demolding. According to the invention, the cover plate is prepared by combining AIRPAD rubber and fabric prepreg, the prepared cover plate has certain thickness and elasticity, the surface quality of the pneumatic outer molded surface of the guide shell is favorably ensured, and the cover plate can be used for multiple times, so that the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced. The bag-attaching surface of the carbon fiber composite diversion shell provided by the invention is a pneumatic outer molded surface, the molded cover plate is covered on the fabric prepreg after being paved, the surface of the molded part is free of wrinkles, and the R-corner area of the part is free of resin enrichment and resin depletion, so that the surface quality of the part is greatly improved, and the requirement of the pneumatic appearance is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material forming method, in particular to a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell forming method.
Background
The carbon fiber composite material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, excellent mechanical property and the like, is suitable for being applied to the aviation field, is assembled on aircrafts such as airplanes and the like, can effectively increase the thrust of the aircrafts, and reduces the noise of the aircrafts. The pneumatic appearance is mainly provided for aircrafts such as missiles, airplanes and the like, and mainly means that an object moving in a gas medium adopts a proper outer profile for reducing the movement resistance, so that high requirements are provided for the surface quality of a composite material part. The molding process of the autoclave, the vacuum bag pressing and the like adopts a single-side mold for molding, the bag attaching surface has no mold to ensure a molding surface, the surface quality problems of fiber wrinkles, poor resin, rich resin and the like are obvious, the qualification rate of parts is influenced, the scrapping risk is increased, the incompatibility among all parts of the aircraft is easily caused, the pneumatic appearance is influenced, and the flight resistance is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for forming a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell, so that the surface quality of a pneumatic outer molded surface is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for forming a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell, which comprises the following steps: forming a cover plate by using AIRPAD rubber and fabric prepreg; laying and pasting fabric prepreg on the diversion shell mold; and covering the formed cover plate on the laid fabric prepreg, and forming the carbon fiber composite material diversion shell through bag making, curing and demolding.
Further, still include: and paving a metal mesh composite film on the surface of the fabric prepreg.
Further, the molding method of the cover plate comprises the following steps: the composite material part of the diversion shell is taken as a mould, a glue film, fabric prepreg and AIRPAD rubber are sequentially paved and compacted on the mould, and the cover plate is formed through bag making, curing and demoulding. The gram weight of the adhesive film is 100-200 g/m2The thickness of the prepared cover plate is 1-3 mm.
Further, the method comprises the step of pretreating the die before paving and attaching on the die, wherein the pretreatment comprises the step of polishing the die, the surface of the die is polished by using coarse sand paper, and then, the surface of the die is polished by using 1000-1500-mesh fine sand paper.
Further, sticking adhesive demolding cloth on the polished surface product area of the mold, and performing butt joint at the position of a cut in the area with large surface curvature change, wherein the butt joint gap is 0-2 mm.
Further, the specific bag making method comprises the following steps: and (3) sequentially laying demolding cloth, a non-porous isolating membrane and a breathable felt on the paved and pasted workpiece, putting the workpiece into a vacuum bag, placing a vacuum quick-connection base in a non-product area of the mold, and sealing the mold and the workpiece in the bag by using a sealing rubber strip.
Further, the concrete method of curing comprises the following steps: placing the mould after bag making into an autoclave for curing, wherein the curing procedure is as follows: heating from room temperature to 120-130 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 120 +/-10 ℃ for 55-65 min; heating from 120-130 ℃ to 185-190 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat at 180 +/-10 ℃ for 110-125 min; cooling from 185-190 ℃ to 60-65 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2-3 ℃/min; the curing pressure is 3-7 bar.
The curing system of the fabric prepreg and the molding curing system of the AIRPAD rubber are matched with the curing system of the adhesive film, the maximum using temperature of the AIRPAD rubber is 204 ℃, and the curing temperature of the fabric prepreg and the adhesive film cannot be higher than the maximum using temperature.
Further, the specific method for demolding comprises the following steps: and (5) when the temperature of the mold is reduced to below 60 ℃, removing the auxiliary material, and separating the product from the mold by using a demolding wedge.
Further, the fabric prepreg is a carbon fiber fabric prepreg or a glass fiber fabric prepreg, and the carbon fiber fabric prepreg or the glass fiber fabric prepreg is plain cloth, satin cloth or twill cloth.
Further, a fabric prepreg is laid on the guide shell mold, vacuum pre-compaction is carried out after the first layer is laid, the pre-compaction vacuum degree is not lower than 600mbar, the time is not less than 5min, and pre-compaction is carried out once every 2-5 layers.
Furthermore, when the metal mesh composite film is paved, the metal mesh is ensured to be flat, not wrinkled and not damaged; cutting a metal mesh opening at the position where the curvature of the die changes greatly, and butting the metal mesh opening with a butting gap of 0-1 mm; in addition, a metal net is added at the cut, the lapping width is 10-15 mm, and the patching direction of the metal net composite film is consistent with the paving direction of the metal net.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
(1) the bag-attaching surface of the carbon fiber composite diversion shell provided by the invention is a pneumatic outer molded surface, the molded cover plate is covered on the fabric prepreg after being paved, the surface of the molded part is free of wrinkles, and the R-corner area of the part is free of resin enrichment and resin depletion, so that the surface quality of the part is greatly improved, and the requirement of the pneumatic appearance is met.
(2) According to the invention, the cover plate is prepared by combining AIRPAD rubber and fabric prepreg, the prepared cover plate has certain thickness and elasticity, the surface quality of the pneumatic outer molded surface of the guide shell is favorably ensured, and the cover plate can be used for multiple times, so that the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced.
(3) According to the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell, the carbon fiber composite material is adopted to replace a metal material, so that the purpose of light weight is achieved, and meanwhile, the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell is good in corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.
(4) The carbon fiber composite material diversion shell provided by the invention is paved with the metal mesh composite membrane on the outer surface, and has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
A method for forming a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell comprises an upper flow guide shell and a lower flow guide shell, wherein the upper flow guide shell L and the lower flow guide shell R are in a symmetrical relation, and the lower flow guide shell L and the lower flow guide shell R are also in a symmetrical relation.
The forming method of the lower flow guide shell L comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cover plate:
a) preparing a mould: the composite material part of the lower diversion shell is used as a mold, the surface of the composite material part is treated, coarse sand paper is used for polishing the surface of the composite material part, then 1000-1500-mesh fine sand paper is used for polishing, and the treated surface is smooth and transited. Sticking adhesive demolding cloth on the surface product area of the processed product mold, cutting a cut on the area with large surface curvature change, and butting the cut, wherein the butting gap is about 1 mm;
b) paving: sequentially paving a layer of adhesive film, three layers of carbon fiber fabric prepreg and a layer of AIRPAD rubber (an AIRPAD model product of Eltek company) on a mould, wherein the thickness of the AIRPAD rubber reaches 2.6mm, and paving the AIRPAD rubber with an iron to ensure that corners are compacted;
c) bag making: sequentially laying a layer of demoulding cloth, a non-porous isolating membrane and an air-permeable felt on the paved cover plate, finishing to ensure that the demoulding cloth, the non-porous isolating membrane and the air-permeable felt are attached as much as possible, putting the demoulding cloth, the non-porous isolating membrane and the air-permeable felt into a vacuum bag, placing a vacuum quick-connection base in a product-free area of the mould, and sealing the mould and a workpiece in the bag by using a sealing;
d) and (3) curing: placing the packaged die in the step c) into an autoclave for curing, setting a curing program, heating from room temperature to 120 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 120 +/-10 ℃ for 55 min; heating from 120 ℃ to 185 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 180 +/-10 ℃ for 110 min; cooling from 185 ℃ to 60 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2 ℃/min, wherein the whole process pressure is 3.0 +/-0.3 bar;
e) demolding and processing: and (3) when the temperature of the mold is reduced to below 60 ℃, removing the auxiliary material, separating the cover plate from the workpiece mold by using a demolding wedge, and polishing the mold sticking surface of the cover plate by using 1000-mesh fine abrasive paper for later use, wherein the thickness of the prepared cover plate is 2.5 mm.
(2) And (3) paving and pasting fabric prepreg on the mould of the lower flow guide shell L according to the paving sequence. And after the first layer is paved, vacuum pre-compaction is needed, the pre-compaction vacuum degree is not lower than 600mbar, the time is not less than 5min, and the pre-compaction is carried out once every 2-5 layers.
(3) Paving and sticking a metal mesh composite film: paving and pasting a metal mesh composite film to ensure that the metal mesh is smooth, not wrinkled and not damaged; allowing the metal mesh to be cut at the position with larger curvature change of the die, and butting the cut with a butting gap of 1 mm; in addition, a metal net is added at the cut, the lap joint width is 12mm, and the patch direction of the metal net composite film is consistent with the paving direction of the metal net.
(4) Assembling: and (3) assembling the processed cover plate on the surface of the paved and pasted workpiece, wherein the cover plate is completely matched with the surface of the prepreg without a gap, fixing the cover plate and a die by using materials such as a pressure sensitive adhesive tape and the like, and ensuring that the auxiliary materials are flat and have no wrinkles during bag making.
(5) And (3) curing: setting a curing program, heating from room temperature to 120 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 120 +/-10 ℃ for 65 min; heating from 120 ℃ to 185 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 180 +/-10 ℃ for 125 min; the temperature is reduced from 185 ℃ to 60 ℃ at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min, and the whole process pressure is 3.0 +/-0.3 bar.
(6) Demolding: and (5) when the temperature of the mold is reduced to below 60 ℃, removing the auxiliary material, and separating the product from the mold by using a demolding wedge.
The metal net on the surface of the L part of the prepared lower diversion shell is not wrinkled, and the R corner area is free of rich resin and lean resin, so that the technical requirements are met. The cover plate is not damaged after being demoulded and can be repeatedly used.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, three layers of fabric prepreg were laid on the mold during the cover sheet preparation, without laying the adhesive film and the AIRPAD rubber, and the rest was the same as example 1.
The metal net on the surface of the L part of the prepared lower diversion shell is not wrinkled, and the R-angle area is rich in resin and does not meet the technical requirements. After the cover plate is demoulded, the R corner is torn, and the cover plate can not be used continuously.
Comparative example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, a cover plate is not prepared, a fabric prepreg and a metal mesh composite film are laid on a mold of the lower guide shell L, and then bag making, curing and demolding are carried out, and the other contents are the same as the embodiment 1.
The metal net on the surface of the prepared L part of the lower diversion shell is wrinkled, and the R-angle area is rich in resin and does not meet the technical requirements.
TABLE 1 comparison of the surface quality and the cover quality of the articles of example 1 and comparative example
| Item | Surface quality of the article | Cover plate quality |
| Example 1 | No wrinkles and no rich resin | Can be repeatedly used |
| Comparative example 1 | Wrinkle-free resin-rich | Can not be used repeatedly |
| Comparative example 2 | Has wrinkles and is rich in resin | — |
As can be seen from table 1, when the molded cover plate is coated on the fabric prepreg after being laid, the surface of the molded part has no wrinkles, and the R-corner region of the part has no resin-rich or resin-poor phenomena, so that the surface quality of the part is greatly improved, and the requirements of pneumatic appearance are met. In addition, the cover plate formed by the AIRPAD rubber and the fabric prepreg provided by the invention can be repeatedly utilized, so that the manufacturing time and cost are reduced, and the stable surface quality is provided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forming method of a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: forming a cover plate by using AIRPAD rubber and fabric prepreg; laying and pasting fabric prepreg on the diversion shell mold; and covering the formed cover plate on the laid fabric prepreg, and forming the carbon fiber composite material diversion shell through bag making, curing and demolding.
2. The method for forming a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1, further comprising: and paving a metal mesh composite film on the surface of the fabric prepreg.
3. The method for forming a carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1, wherein the method for forming the cover plate comprises the following steps: the composite material part of the diversion shell is taken as a mould, a glue film, fabric prepreg and AIRPAD rubber are sequentially paved and compacted on the mould, and the cover plate is formed through bag making, curing and demoulding.
4. The method for forming the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 3, wherein the step of pretreating the mold before the step of laying the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell on the mold comprises the steps of polishing the mold, grinding the surface of the mold by using coarse sand paper, and then polishing and grinding by using 1000-1500-mesh fine sand paper.
5. The forming method of the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 4, wherein the polished surface product area of the mold is pasted with adhesive demolding cloth, the cut is cut in the area with large surface curvature change, the cut is butted, and the butting gap is 0-2 mm.
6. The method for forming the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the specific bag making method comprises the following steps: and (3) sequentially laying demolding cloth, a non-porous isolating membrane and a breathable felt on the paved and pasted workpiece, putting the workpiece into a vacuum bag, placing a vacuum quick-connection base in a non-product area of the mold, and sealing the mold and the workpiece in the bag by using a sealing rubber strip.
7. The method for forming the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the concrete method for curing comprises the following steps: placing the mould after bag making into an autoclave for curing, wherein the curing procedure is as follows: heating from room temperature to 120-130 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature at 120 +/-10 ℃ for 55-65 min; heating from 120-130 ℃ to 185-190 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and preserving heat at 180 +/-10 ℃ for 110-125 min; cooling from 185-190 ℃ to 60-65 ℃ at a cooling rate of 2-3 ℃/min; the curing pressure is 3-7 bar.
8. The method for forming the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the specific method for demolding comprises the following steps: and (5) when the temperature of the mold is reduced to below 60 ℃, removing the auxiliary material, and separating the product from the mold by using a demolding wedge.
9. The method for molding the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the fabric prepreg is a carbon fiber fabric prepreg or a glass fiber fabric prepreg, and the carbon fiber fabric prepreg or the glass fiber fabric prepreg is plain cloth, satin cloth or twill cloth.
10. The forming method of the carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell according to claim 1, wherein a fabric prepreg is laid on a flow guide shell mold, vacuum pre-compaction is performed after the first layer is laid, the pre-compaction vacuum degree is not lower than 600mbar, the time is not less than 5min, and pre-compaction is performed every 2-5 layers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911156084.7A CN111086237A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Forming method of carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911156084.7A CN111086237A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Forming method of carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell |
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| CN112721234A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-30 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | High-precision composite material antenna reflecting surface skin forming method |
| CN113043684A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-06-29 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Pressure pad for forming carbon fiber composite material flow guide shell and preparation method thereof |
| CN114180981A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-03-15 | 湖南远辉复合材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of precursor-transformed ceramic matrix composite component |
| CN116330701A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-06-27 | 清华大学 | Carbon fiber coating method on the surface of three-dimensional printing carbon fiber composite materials |
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