CN111070806B - A kind of electric heating hollow fabric composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, comprising a hollow sandwich composite board, a plurality of heating modules distributed in the hollow sandwich composite board fleece warp layer cavity, at least one temperature sensor attached to each heating module and An electric control box located outside the material; the velvet layer cavity of the hollow sandwich composite board is continuous, and a plurality of heating modules are arranged side by side in the hollow sandwich composite board velvet structure layer cavity, and the heating module is composed of multiple resistors distributed side by side. It is composed of multiple resistance wires in parallel, and the two ends are connected to the electric control box by wires, the temperature sensor is pasted on the resistance wire, and the signal line is connected to the electric control box. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the electrically heated hollow fabric composite material. Advantages: Through the structural advantages and mechanical performance advantages of the hollow fabric, heating wires are arranged in its cavity to realize the integration and integration of functions such as structure, heating and heat preservation.

Description

A kind of electric heating hollow fabric composite material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of composite material preparation, and mainly relates to an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

The ice and snow on the surface of the equipment in cold weather will affect the normal operation of the equipment, and put forward higher requirements for the rigidity of the structure, especially for the radome, due to the existence of the ice and snow medium, the electromagnetic loss is increased, and the permeability of the radome is greatly reduced. In addition, the superposition of ice and snow load and self-weight will increase the stress of the radome, which will damage the structure of the radome to a certain extent. Therefore, a heating device is designed to remove ice and snow and ensure the normal operation of communication equipment.

The traditional manual ice and snow removal has harsh operating environment and great difficulty in operation. At present, in engineering applications, metal heating sheets or carbon fiber heating sheets are often used to integrate with composite materials, and the heating, deicing and snow melting functions of composite materials are realized by using the characteristics of electric heating. However, the density of metal heating sheets is high, and the price of carbon fiber heating sheets is expensive, which is not conducive to the lightweight and low-cost goals of composite structural components; metal heating sheets or carbon fiber heating sheets are embedded in the middle of composite materials and cannot be replaced, and the heating temperature is single; The conductive properties of the material and the carbon fiber heating element make it impossible to use in the field of wave transmission.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the technical problems mentioned in the background art that the heating composite material structure in the prior art is heavy in weight, high in cost, irreplaceable, single in heating temperature, and unable to transmit waves.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric heating hollow fabric composite material and preparation method thereof, and the technical scheme adopted is:

An electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, comprising a hollow sandwich composite board, a plurality of heating modules distributed in the hollow sandwich composite board fleece warp layer cavity, at least one temperature sensor affixed to each heating module and located in the material. An external electric control box; the velvet layer cavity of the hollow sandwich composite board is continuous, and a plurality of heating modules are arranged side by side in the hollow sandwich composite board velvet structure layer cavity, and the heating module is composed of multiple resistance wires distributed side by side. It consists of a plurality of resistance wires connected in parallel, and connected to the electric control box by wires at both ends, the temperature sensor is pasted on the inner surface of the hollow sandwich composite board, and the signal line is connected to the electric control box.

Preferably, the hollow sandwich composite board is made of hollow fabric composite material, and the thickness of the hollow sandwich composite board is 5-50 mm.

For the preference of the technical solution of the present invention, the hollow sandwich composite board is composed of a hollow fabric composite material and a functionalized surface layer located on the upper surface or lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material; the fiber reinforcement material of the functionalized surface layer is hollow fabric, glass fiber cloth. , quartz fiber cloth, aramid fiber, chopped strand mat and other fabrics; the thickness of the hollow sandwich composite board is 5-50mm.

For the preference of the technical solution of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the pile warp layer of the hollow fabric can be "8" type, "V" type, "O" type, "II" type or "X" type.

Preferably, the technical solution of the present invention is that the distance between two adjacent resistance wires is 20mm-200mm.

For the optimization of the technical solution of the present invention, the maximum heating temperature of the heating module is 200°C.

The hollow fabric composite material in an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material of the present invention is composed of a hollow fabric upper layer, a hollow fabric fleece warp layer and a hollow fabric lower layer. The hollow fabric of the hollow composite material involved here is a three-dimensional reinforcing material with high interlayer height formed by three-dimensional weaving of high-performance fibers such as glass fiber or quartz fiber. The integrated structure has no interface, and has excellent performance of light weight, high strength, anti-layering and impact resistance, as well as good thermal insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation effects.

The present invention provides a method for preparing an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, comprising the following steps:

Step 1) Preparation of hollow sandwich composite board: laying fiber fabric and hollow fabric composite material on the surface of the mold in turn, and impregnating resin for curing;

Step 2) Cutting of the hollow sandwich composite board: Cut the edge of the hollow sandwich composite board in step 1 according to the required size to expose a complete and continuous cavity;

Step 3) Arrange the heating modules: Arrange the number of heating modules (2) according to the length, width and height of the hollow sandwich composite board in step 2, and place the two adjacent heating modules in the hollow sandwich composite board fleece warp layer cavity according to a certain distance. Arranged side by side, the resistance wires in the heating module are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the resistance wires are connected in parallel to a bus through the wiring terminals, and are connected to the electric control box;

Step 4) install a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is pasted on the inner surface of the hollow sandwich composite board between the resistance wires in each heating module, and the signal line of the temperature sensor is connected to the electric control box;

Step 5) Post-treatment of the hollow fabric composite board: The hollow fabric composite board in step 4 is edge-sealed.

Further preferred to the method of the present invention, in step 1, the fiber fabric is located on the upper surface or the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material, and the fiber fabric is glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, hollow fabric or surface felt, and the thickness of the fiber fabric is 0.1～10mm.

Further preferred to the method of the present invention, the resin is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin or bismaleimide resin; adding curing agent, diluent, accelerator, initiator and filler.

For further optimization of the method of the present invention, in step 5, the edge sealing of the hollow fabric composite board is specifically as follows: evenly smearing release agent or mold release wax on the heating line segment located at the edge, and fixing the exposed heating line point in the hollow with hot melt adhesive. For the edge of the composite board, use structural glue or filler glue to fill the space of the edge pores of the hollow sandwich composite board to achieve the effect of edge sealing.

Further preferred to the method of the present invention, in the step 1, the fiber fabric can be laid on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material according to the requirements of the composite material component, such as laying one layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material. 100g/㎡ glass fiber cloth. If an epoxy resin system is used, the curing temperature is 30-100°C, and the curing time is 2-8 hours, such as epoxy resin E-51, LT-5089, etc.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Excellent overall performance: The hollow fabric of the hollow composite material involved in the present invention is a high-performance fiber such as glass fiber or quartz fiber, which is integrally formed by three-dimensional weaving. It becomes a hollow fabric composite material, which is an integrated overall structure without interface, has excellent performance of light weight, high strength, delamination resistance and impact resistance, as well as good thermal insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation effects.

(2) Strong designability: The hollow fabric composite panel can be designed with different layer structures according to actual needs.

(3) Modular work: By designing multiple heating modules by partition, modular work and partition gradient temperature control can be realized.

(4) Integration of structure and function: Through the structural advantages and mechanical performance advantages of the hollow fabric composite board, heating wires are arranged in the cavity of the fleece layer to realize the integration and integration of functions such as structure, heating and heat preservation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the electrically heated hollow fabric composite material of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an electrical control circuit diagram of the material of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 is the hollow sandwich composite board, 1-1 is the upper layer of the hollow fabric, 1-2 is the fleece layer of the hollow fabric, 1-3 is the lower layer of the hollow fabric, 1-4 is the upper layer, 1-5 is the lower layer layer, 2 is the heating module, 2-1 is the resistance wire.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

In order to make the content of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, further description will be made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1-2 and the specific embodiments.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Provide an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, including a hollow sandwich composite board 1, a plurality of heating modules 2 distributed in the hollow sandwich composite board fleece warp layer cavity, and at least one temperature sensor 3 attached to each heating module and an electric control box 4 located outside the material; the velvet layer cavity of the hollow sandwich composite board 1 is continuous, and a plurality of heating modules 2 are arranged side by side in the hollow sandwich composite board velvet structure layer cavity, and the heating modules 2 It consists of a plurality of resistance wires 2-1 distributed side by side, and the plurality of resistance wires 2-1 are connected in parallel, and are connected to the electric control box 4 through wires at both ends. The temperature sensor 3 is pasted on the inner surface of the hollow sandwich composite board and the signal wire is Connect the electric control box 4.

The function of the electric control box 4 is to control the temperature of the heating module 2, and the signal feedback between the electric control box 4 and the temperature sensor 3 can effectively monitor the temperature of the electrically heated hollow fabric composite material. The electric control box 4 is also provided with time relays, rotary switches, power modules, smart meters and other components. It is common knowledge to set control software between the electric control box 4 and the heating module 2 .

The number of heating modules 2 is selected from one or more according to the specifications and dimensions of the hollow sandwich composite panel 1 , and the number of heating modules 2 can be set to realize modular work and zoned gradient temperature control.

The hollow sandwich composite board 1 is made of a hollow fabric composite material, and the thickness of the hollow sandwich composite board 1 is 5-50 mm.

The hollow sandwich composite panel 1 is composed of a hollow fabric composite material and a functionalized surface layer located on the upper or lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material; the fiber reinforcement materials of the functionalized surface layer are hollow fabric, glass fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth, aromatic Fiber, chopped strand mat and other fabrics; the thickness of the hollow sandwich composite panel 1 is 5-50mm. For example: the hollow sandwich composite panel is composed of hollow fabric composite materials (the upper layer of the hollow fabric 1-1, the fleece layer of the hollow fabric 1-2, the lower layer of the hollow fabric 1-3) and the upper surface or lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material. The functionalized surface layers of the surface (upper layers 1-4, lower layers 1-5) are composed. In the specific implementation, in Example 1, the functionalized surface layer is two layers of 200g/㎡ glass fiber cloth, and the thickness after composite molding with resin is 10.4mm, which can effectively ensure the rigidity of the hollow composite panel.

The cross-sectional shape of the warp layer 1-2 of the hollow fabric can be "8" type, "V" type, "O" type, "II" type or "X" type. In the specific embodiment, in Example 1, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow fabric pile warp layer 1-2 is "8" shape, the thickness is 10mm, and the pile warp layer can ensure a continuous cavity, which is convenient for the arrangement of heating wires.

In the specific implementation, in Example 1, the number of heating modules is 2, which are distributed side by side in the hollow interlayer composite material fleece layer cavity, the distance between two adjacent resistance wires 2-1 is 100mm, and the resistance wires heat The temperature was 90°C.

A preparation method of an electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, comprising the following steps:

Step 1) Preparation of the hollow sandwich composite board: lay the fiber fabric and the hollow fabric composite material on the surface of the mold in turn, and impregnate it with resin for curing. In this step, the fiber fabric is located on the upper or lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material, and the fiber fabric is glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, hollow fabric or surface felt, and the thickness of the fiber fabric is 0.1-10mm. The resin in this step is one of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin or bismaleimide resin; curing agent, diluent, accelerator, initiator and filler are added to the resin.

The composite material forming process described in this step is a conventional process disclosed in the prior art, and the process steps specifically include: mold treatment, fabric cutting, fabric and auxiliary material layup, glue dispensing, resin wetting/impregnation , Fabric limit setting, overall curing and post-processing of composite materials.

An example is as follows: In step 1, fiber fabric can be laid on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material according to the requirements of the composite material component, such as laying a layer of 200g/㎡ glass fiber cloth on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material. . If an epoxy resin system is used, the curing temperature is 30-100°C, and the curing time is 2-8 hours, such as epoxy resin E-51, LT-5089, etc.

Step 2) Cutting of the hollow sandwich composite board: Cut the edge of the hollow sandwich composite board in step 1 according to the required size to expose a complete and continuous cavity;

Step 3) Arrange the heating modules 2: Arrange the number of heating modules 2 according to the length, width and height of the hollow sandwich composite board in step 2, and place the two adjacent heating modules 2 in the hollow sandwich composite board fleece warp layer cavity according to a certain distance Arranged side by side, the resistance wires 2-1 in the heating module 2 are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the resistance wires are connected in parallel to a bus through the wiring terminals, and are connected to the electric control box 4;

Step 4) Install the temperature sensor 3, the temperature sensor 3 is pasted on the inner surface of the hollow sandwich composite board between the resistance wires 2-1 in each heating module 2, and the signal line of the temperature sensor 3 is connected to the electric control box 4;

Step 5) Post-processing of the hollow fabric composite board: The hollow fabric composite board in step 4 is edge-sealed, specifically: evenly apply a mold release agent or mold release wax to the heating line segment located at the edge, and use hot melt adhesive to seal the exposed surface. The heating line is fixed on the edge of the hollow composite board, and the space of the edge pores of the hollow sandwich composite board is filled with structural glue or filler to achieve the effect of edge sealing.

Example 1

An electric heating composite material, the hollow sandwich composite panel is composed of a hollow fabric composite material (a hollow fabric upper layer 1-1, a hollow fabric fleece layer 1-2, a hollow fabric lower layer 1-3) and a hollow fabric composite material. The upper or lower surface is composed of functionalized top layers (upper layers 1-4, lower layers 1-5). In the specific implementation, in Example 1, the functionalized surface layer is two layers of 200g/㎡ glass fiber cloth, and the thickness after composite molding with resin is 10.4mm, which can effectively ensure the rigidity of the hollow composite panel.

The cross-sectional shape of the pile warp layer 1-2 of the hollow fabric is an "8" shape, and the thickness is 10mm.

The number of heating modules is 2, which are distributed side by side in the hollow sandwich composite material fleece layer cavity, the distance between two adjacent resistance wires 2-1 is 100mm, and the heating temperature of the resistance wire is 90°C.

The preparation method of a kind of electric heating composite material of the specific embodiment of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:

Step 1) Preparation of hollow sandwich composite board: Lay 2 layers of 200g/㎡ glass fiber cloth, 10mm hollow fabric, 2 layers of 200g/㎡ glass fiber cloth on the surface of the mold in sequence, and impregnate epoxy resin E-51 for heating and curing, curing The condition is 80 ℃ for 4 hours, and the hollow sandwich composite board is prepared;

Step 2) Cutting the hollow sandwich composite board: cutting the edge of the hollow sandwich composite board as required, in this embodiment, the cutting size is 1000mm×1500mm, exposing a complete and continuous cavity;

Step 3) Arrange the heating module 2: Arrange 8 resistance wires 2-1 side by side in the cavity of the fleece layer in the 1000mm width direction of the hollow sandwich composite board at a distance of 100mm, of which 4 resistance wires are a heating module 2 , which are heating module A and heating module B, respectively, connect both ends of the heating wire to a bus in parallel through wiring terminals, and connect to the electric control box 4;

Step 4) Install the temperature sensor 3: install a temperature sensor 3 in the inner cavity of the heating module A and the heating module B area, and connect it in parallel to the electric control box 4 through the aviation plug to realize the transmission of the temperature signal;

Step 5) After-treatment of the hollow fabric composite material: the hollow sandwich composite board is edge-sealed, and the edge-sealing of the hollow fabric composite board in step 5 is as follows: evenly apply a mold release agent or mold release wax to the heating line segment located at the edge, and use The exposed heating wire points are fixed on the edge of the hollow composite board with hot melt adhesive, and the space of the edge pores of the hollow sandwich composite board is filled with structural glue or filler to achieve the effect of edge sealing.

Using the electrically heated hollow fabric composite material, the snow melting test was carried out with an ambient temperature of 3 °C, an AC voltage of 220 V, and the surface covered with snow with a thickness of 3.5 mm. After setting the temperature control temperature on the electric control box, power on the test, and use a far-infrared temperature tester to detect the heating and temperature rise of the electrically heated hollow fabric composite material. After heating for 5 minutes, the snow on the surface began to melt. All the snow in the area melted, heated for 30 minutes, all the snow on the surface of the composite board melted and turned into water.

In light of the foregoing, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, this should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. An electric heating hollow fabric composite material is characterized by comprising a hollow sandwich composite plate (1), a plurality of heating modules (2) distributed in a hollow cavity of a pile warp layer of the hollow sandwich composite plate, at least one temperature sensor (3) attached to each heating module and an electric cabinet (4) positioned outside; the pile warp layer cavity of the hollow sandwich composite plate (1) is continuous, the plurality of heating modules (2) are arranged in the pile warp structure layer cavity of the hollow sandwich composite plate side by side, each heating module (2) consists of a plurality of resistance wires (2-1) which are distributed side by side, the plurality of resistance wires (2-1) are connected in parallel, the two ends of each resistance wire are connected with the electric cabinet (4) through conducting wires, the temperature sensor (3) is adhered to the inner surface of the hollow sandwich composite plate, and the signal wires are connected with the electric cabinet (4); the distance between two adjacent resistance wires (2-1) is 20 mm-200 mm;

the preparation method of the electrical heating hollow fabric composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1) preparing a hollow interlayer composite plate: laying a fiber fabric and a hollow fabric composite material on the surface of the mould in sequence, and impregnating resin for curing;

step 2), cutting the hollow interlayer composite plate: cutting the edge of the hollow interlayer composite plate in the step 1 according to the required size to expose a complete and continuous cavity;

step 3) arranging a heating module (2): arranging the number of heating modules (2) according to the length, the width and the height of the hollow interlayer composite board in the step 2, arranging two adjacent heating modules (2) in parallel in a hollow warp layer cavity of the hollow interlayer composite board according to a certain distance, arranging resistance wires (2-1) in the heating modules (2) in parallel, connecting two ends of each resistance wire on a bus in parallel through a wiring terminal, and connecting the resistance wires into an electric control box (4);

step 4), installing a temperature sensor (3), wherein the temperature sensor (3) is adhered to the inner surface of the hollow interlayer composite plate between the resistance wires (2-1) in each heating module (2), and a signal wire of the temperature sensor (3) is connected to the electric cabinet (4);

step 5) post-treatment of the hollow fabric composite board: and (4) edge sealing is carried out on the hollow fabric composite plate in the step (4).

2. The electrically heated hollow fabric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the hollow sandwich composite panel (1) is 5 to 50 mm.

3. Electrically heated hollow fabric composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the hollow fabric pile warp layer (1-2) is "8", "V", "O", "ii" or "x".

4. The electrically heated hollow fabric composite of claim 1 wherein the heating module maximum heating temperature is 200 ℃.

5. The electrically heated hollow fabric composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber fabric in step 1 is located on the upper surface or the lower surface of the hollow fabric composite material, the fiber fabric is glass fiber, quartz fiber, aramid fiber or carbon fiber, and the thickness of the fiber fabric is 0.1-10 mm.

6. The electrically heated hollow fabric composite of claim 1, wherein the resin is one of a phenolic resin, an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a bismaleimide resin; curing agents, diluents, accelerators, initiators and fillers are added to the resin.

7. The electrically heated hollow fabric composite material of claim 1, wherein the edge sealing of the hollow fabric composite panel in step 5 is specifically: uniformly coating a release agent or release wax on the heating line segment positioned on the edge, fixing the exposed heating line segment on the edge of the hollow composite plate by using a hot melt adhesive, and filling the space of the edge pore of the hollow sandwich composite plate by using a structural adhesive or a filling adhesive to realize the edge sealing effect.

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