CN111079218A

CN111079218A - AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method

Info

Publication number: CN111079218A
Application number: CN201911306452.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢娅
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-18
Also published as: CN111079218B

Abstract

The invention discloses a design drawing rapid countersigning method based on AutoCAD; calling an AutoCAD function by adopting a computer language to realize automatic operation; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, establishing a layer management protocol suitable for countersigning content; making a basic diagram by a specialty bearing the overall function and releasing the basic diagram, and designing the content of the specialty by other specialties; the professional bearing the overall function uniformly coordinates the space requirements of other professionals to form an integrated basic diagram, further deepens the professional drawing and completes inter-professional coordination; and finally, carrying out computer comparison on countersigning contents, comparing every two countersigning confirmation object image layers one by one in the countersigning comparison process, and modifying each drawing participating in countersigning inspection according to a comparison result until the countersigning reaches the standard. The invention realizes automatic operation by calling the AutoCAD function by adopting the computer language, and has the advantages of high efficiency, rapidness, high reliability, good universality, strong compatibility and wide application range.

Description

AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of computer aided design, in particular to a design drawing rapid countersigning method based on AutoCAD.

Background

AutoCAD (auto Computer Aided design) is Computer Aided design software widely used in the field of engineering design at present, has powerful functions of drawing and processing graphics, and is widely applied to a plurality of engineering fields such as house buildings, rail transit, petrochemical industry, airport terminals and the like. As a general drawing software, the software configures a secondary development interface for a user, and the user can realize the graphic processing function in the AutoCAD file through multi-language programming.

At present, the flow of engineering design using AutoCAD software is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows:

step 1), firstly, professional basic drawing of overall functions in projects is carried out, basic contents such as a red land line, building (structure) overall layout, an axle network and the like are mainly included, and the basic drawing is issued to other professionals for use.

And 2) after receiving the professional basic drawing for bearing the overall function by other professionals, designing the content of the professional on the basis of the professional basic drawing, and issuing the finished design drawing to the overall professional.

And 3) after receiving the design contents of other specialties, uniformly coordinating the space requirements of each specialty, and submitting the integrated basic diagram to each specialty again.

And 4) after receiving the second contribution of the overall function major, other major develop design coordination among related major with related content, further deepen the drawings of the major, and release the deepened drawings to the overall major again, and meanwhile, mutually contribute among related major with related content.

And 5) repeating the processes of the step 3) and the step 4) until all the specialties meet the requirements.

And 6) carrying out countersigning among related specialties. Because large-scale design projects are cooperatively completed by a plurality of specialties, and partial contents in design drawings among the specialties are related to each other, the purpose of countersigning is to check whether the related contents on the drawings among the specialties are consistent. At present, the countersigning method among the professions is to manually overlap and compare two drawings containing the associated contents and check the consistency of the associated contents.

And 7) after the countersigning is finished, drawing a picture formally and filing.

Taking a house building design as an example, the relation of meeting and signing is set in the specialty of the house building as shown in fig. 2, the project comprises 5 specialties of building, structure, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation, electricity and the like, wherein the building specialty undertakes the overall function.

Drawing step 1), drawing a basic drawing including contents such as red lines, an axis network, room layout and the like by a building, and specifically including various drawings such as a floor plan, a section view, a staircase drawing and the like. And then, issuing basic diagrams to other specialties such as structures, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation, electricity and the like.

And 2) drawing, namely after the design of each specialty of structure, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation and electricity is finished, returning the design to the construction specialty. The refund content is related content among professions and mainly comprises a plan view and a section view.

And 3) drawing, after the building receives the return fund of each specialty, adjusting and optimizing the basic graph, and then providing the fund for each specialty of structure, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation and electricity again.

Drawing step 4), carrying out design deepening of each specialty again, coordinating related contents among the specialties, and then carrying out construction investment improvement on each specialty of structure, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation and electricity; meanwhile, the professions can carry out mutual investment according to the mutual related contents.

And 5) drawing, repeating the step 3) and the step 4) until the building, the structure, the water supply and drainage, the heating and ventilation and the electric and gas professions meet the requirements.

And 6) drawing, mutually signing among the building, structure, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation and electric industries, and confirming the mutually related contents.

From the drawing step 1) to the drawing step 5), it can be known that a lot of mutual fund and refund are carried out among various majors of buildings, structures, water supply and drainage, heating ventilation and electricity, a large amount of mutual related contents are provided among the design drawings of the majors, and in order to ensure the cooperative consistency of the design results, the consistency of the related contents needs to be confirmed through countersigning among the majors before the final result is submitted. However, professional drawings have association and difference, and only part of drawings containing association content need to be checked for consistency during countersigning, and the specific countersigning relationship is shown in fig. 2. And during countersigning, comparing the associated graphic elements representing the associated content in the two drawings, and judging the consistency. The specific countersigning drawing and countersigning contents are as follows:

building and structure: the drawing of the two professionals can be a plan view, a section view and a staircase of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether basic contents such as red lines, axis networks, room layout and the like in the two professional drawings are consistent or not; 2) whether the positioning and the size of the beam, the plate, the column and the wall in the two professional drawings are consistent or not; 3) whether the location and the size of the stairs in the two professional drawings are consistent or not.

Building and water supply and drainage: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether basic contents such as red lines, axis networks, room layout and the like in the two professional drawings are consistent or not; 2) and whether the positioning and the size of the pipeline and the equipment foundation in the two professional drawings are consistent or not.

Building and heating ventilation: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether basic contents such as red lines, axis networks, room layout and the like in the two professional drawings are consistent or not; 2) whether the positioning and the size of the air pipe and the equipment foundation in the two professional drawings are consistent or not.

Building and electrical: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether basic contents such as red lines, axis networks, room layout and the like in the two professional drawings are consistent or not; 2) whether the positioning and the size of the pipeline and the equipment foundation in the two professional drawings are consistent or not.

Structure and water supply and drainage: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether the pipeline preformed hole in the two professional drawings is consistent with the equipment basic embedded part or not.

Structure and heating ventilation: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether the pipeline preformed hole in the two professional drawings is consistent with the equipment basic embedded part or not.

Structure and electrical: the two professions will sign the drawing as the plan of each layer. The countersigning confirmation content comprises the following contents: 1) whether the pipeline preformed hole in the two professional drawings is consistent with the equipment basic embedded part or not.

And a complete house building design project can be formally drawn and filed only after the steps are completed.

Because the design project in the engineering field is more and more complex, the manual countersigning in the step 6) has large workload and high error rate, and the phenomena of poor performance, leakage, collision and lack caused by the incapability of countersigning are frequently generated in the actual engineering, so that various adverse results are caused. The problems caused by manual tagging can be divided into two categories:

the first type mainly aims at the basic contents embodied by a plurality of professional drawings such as red lines, axle networks and the like, and when the contents embodied by each professional are inconsistent, the first type countersigning problem is generated;

the second category is simply the inconsistency of the associated primitives between the respective specialties, which is called the second category of countersigning problem. For example, a building is designed to include multiple specialties of construction, drainage, ventilation, electrical, etc., where the construction specialties assume overall functionality. In the design process, the shaft network is drawn by the construction major and then issued to each major for use, but the construction major can adjust and modify the shaft network in the design process, when other major does not adjust along with the construction major in time, the construction in the final drawing result is inconsistent with the shaft network of the major, and the first-class countersigning problem occurs.

In the design process, a plurality of related primitives exist among different specialties, for example, a sewer pipeline is arranged at the point A of a floor slab in the drainage specialty, at the moment, a drainage reserved hole is required to be designed at a corresponding position in the structure specialty, and when the positions of holes of the two specialties in the actual drawing are inconsistent, the problem of the second type of countersigning occurs.

At present, a computer assistant section for solving the countersigning problem only aims at the first type of countersigning problem, and the specific method is as follows: basic contents such as red lines, axis networks and the like are saved as special files by the professionals who undertake the overall functions and are shared by all professional designers in an open mode, and the part of basic contents are displayed by linking the files in the design process of each professional, so that the part of contents displayed professionally and the part of basic contents which undertake the professional sharing of the overall functions are all shared. And checking whether the design process is allowed to watch the rule or not when the basic content is signed. However, this practice requires that each specialty must be networked with the overall specialty; meanwhile, after general content is adjusted by general professionals, other professionals cannot know specific adjustment content in drawings of the general professionals, and design errors are easily caused.

Aiming at the second type of countersigning problem, the second type of countersigning problem can only be dealt with by increasing the working strength of manual countersigning of designers, and no computer-assisted section is available.

Therefore, how to adopt a technical means to replace manual operation to improve the countersigning efficiency becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the design drawing rapid countersigning method based on AutoCAD, and the purposes of high efficiency, rapidness, convenient use, high reliability, good universality, strong compatibility and wide application range are achieved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a design drawing rapid countersigning method based on AutoCAD; calling an AutoCAD function by adopting a computer language to realize automatic operation; the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, establishing a layer management protocol suitable for countersigning content; the rule of the layer management protocol is as follows: determining related specialties needing countersigning and contents needing countersigning according to the properties of the items, and carrying out classification management on the contents needing countersigning; the classification management comprises distributing image layers to different types of contents needing to be signed; in the subsequent steps, drawing work is carried out according to the layer management protocol;

step 2, according to the project, after the professional bearing the overall function preliminarily knows the requirements of each relevant professional, a basic diagram is made, and the basic diagram is issued to each relevant professional for the design development and use of each professional;

step 3, after each professional receives the basic diagram, designing the content of the professional on the basis of the basic diagram, and issuing the completed professional design diagram to the professional bearing the overall function;

step 4, after receiving the professional design drawings issued by each other professional, the professionals who undertake the overall functions uniformly coordinate the space requirements of each other professional to form an integrated basic drawing, and submit the integrated basic drawing to each other professional again;

step 5, after each of the other professions receives the integrated basic graph, development and design coordination are carried out among related professions with related contents, and the profession graph is further deepened; after the adjustment is completed, submitting the drawings of the present specialty which are further deepened to the specialties which undertake the overall functions by each of the other specialties; related professions with interrelated content mention each other.

Step 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until the specialty bearing the overall function and all other specialties meet the requirements;

and 7, carrying out computer comparison on the countersigning contents, wherein the implementation steps of the computer comparison of the countersigning contents are as follows:

step 7.1, appointing a datum point; appointing the same positioning reference point and coordinate direction on each drawing participating in the countersigning inspection, and establishing a local coordinate system as the basis of subsequent inspection comparison;

7.2, processing the countersigning graphics primitives; decomposing all the primitives on the countersigning confirmation object layer on each drawing participating in countersigning check into basic primitives;

7.3, checking and comparing each drawing participating in the countersigning check, and specifically comprising the following steps:

traversing the primitives on each two layers of the countersigning confirmation object, performing classification statistics on all the primitives according to types, and recording the characteristic parameters of each primitive;

7.4, comparing every two countersigning confirmation object layers one by one, wherein when the primitive of any countersigning confirmation object layer does not have other corresponding and consistent primitives in other countersigning confirmation object layers, the primitive does not have a matched primitive in other countersigning confirmation object layers;

and 7.5, modifying each drawing participating in countersigning inspection according to the comparison result, and then repeating the step 7.4 until countersigning reaches the standard, and finishing the countersigning process.

Preferably, in the step 7.2, the basic primitive includes a circle, a circular arc, an ellipse, a straight line, and a multi-segment line.

Preferably, in the step 7.2, 2 or more than 2 partially overlapped basic primitives are merged; and converting the circular arc or the multiple sections of lines with the radian of 360 degrees in the basic primitive into a circle.

Preferably, in step 7.3, an error limit is set when comparing the characteristic parameters of the primitive. When the difference value of the comparison parameters is smaller than the error limit value, the two groups of parameters are consistent;

preferably, in step 7.3, the characteristic parameters of the primitive are compared according to the following rules:

recording the same type of straight line and linear multi-section line, and comparing characteristic parameters into two sets of coordinate data of a starting point and an end point of each section line;

the circular arc and the circular arc type multi-section line are counted into the same type, and the comparison characteristic parameters are four groups of coordinate data of a circular arc center, two circular arc end points and a circular arc middle point;

when the type is a circle, comparing the characteristic parameters as the coordinates of the circle center and the diameter;

when the type is ellipse, the comparison characteristic parameters are the central coordinates of the two ellipses and the lengths of the long and short axes.

Preferably, in step 7.4, a prompt identifier is given to the primitive with inconsistent countersign, so as to guide the designer to modify the primitive.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention realizes automatic operation by using the design drawing of the AutoCAD and calling the AutoCAD function by using the computer language, and has the advantages of high efficiency, rapidness, convenient use, high reliability, good universality, strong compatibility and wide application range.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of engineering design using AutoCAD in the prior art.

Fig. 2 shows a meeting relationship diagram of related drawings of a building project in the prior art.

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of engineering operations employed by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a computer comparison of countersigning content as used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a quick countersignature according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Examples

After the rapid countersigning method is adopted, the project design workflow is shown in fig. 3:

step 1, establishing layer management protocol suitable for countersigning content

Determining related professions and contents needing countersigning according to the property of the project, carrying out grouping management on the countersigning contents, distributing special image layers to different groups of countersigning contents, identifying the countersigning contents among the professions by the image layers, and carrying out drawing work according to the rule in the design process.

For example: when a house is designed, drainage holes reserved for drainage specialties in each floor slab of the structure speciality and drainage holes arranged on each floor slab of the drainage speciality form a group of meeting sign objects. In the graph layer management, special graph layers are respectively arranged for structure and drainage specialties and used for storing the group of countersign objects, such as structure-drainage reserved holes and drainage-structure reserved holes; thus, the contents of the two layers are selected for comparison, and the countersigning of the reserved holes between the structure and the drainage profession can be completed.

And 2, drawing a basic diagram of the major in the project, wherein the basic diagram mainly comprises basic contents such as a red earth line, a building/structure total layout, an axle network and the like, and the basic diagram is issued to other major for use.

Taking the design of a house as an example: the building profession undertakes the overall function, and other professions comprise the professions of structure, ventilation, drainage and the like, and after the building profession preliminarily knows the requirements of each profession, the building profession firstly provides a basic diagram containing various basic contents for the development and the use of each profession.

And 3, after receiving the general data by other professionals, designing the content of the professionals on the basis of the general data, and issuing the finished design drawing to the general.

Taking the design of a house as an example, specialties such as structure, ventilation, drainage and the like draw the content of the specialties on a building basic diagram and distribute the content to the construction specialties. For example, the structure specializes in drawing stress systems such as beams, plates and column walls, the ventilation system is specially arranged for ventilation, and the drainage system is specially arranged for drainage.

And 4, after receiving design contents of other specialties, uniformly coordinating the space requirements of each specialty, and submitting the integrated basic diagram to each specialty again.

Taking the design of a house as an example, after receiving professional return information of structure, ventilation, drainage and the like, building professionals gather walls, plates, beams, columns of the structure professionals, equipment of the ventilation professionals, pipe networks of the drainage professionals and the like into a general diagram, properly adjust the general layout, and then release the general layout to each professional again.

Taking a building project as an example, after receiving the second investment of the building profession, the building profession can coordinate the building profession to check whether the sizes of beams, plates and columns provided by the building profession influence the building space, the building profession can check whether the open holes of the floor slab for ventilation and drainage meet the structural safety, and the ventilation check whether the under-beam clearance of the structure meets the ventilation requirement. After the coordination is completed, each specialty returns capital to the building again, and meanwhile, the specialties of structure-ventilation, structure-drainage and the like mutually contribute capital.

And 6, repeatedly executing the step 4 and the step 5 until the specialty bearing the overall function and all other specialties meet the requirements.

Step 7, carrying out computer comparison on the countersigning contents, wherein the implementation steps of the computer comparison of the countersigning contents are shown in fig. 4, and the following description is carried out by combining the countersigning example (fig. 5) of the structure and drainage specialty in the building project.

Step 7.1, appointing a datum point

And (4) appointing the same positioning reference points and coordinate directions on the corresponding drawings participating in the countersigning inspection, and establishing a local coordinate system as the basis of the subsequent inspection comparison.

As shown in FIG. 5, the local coordinate system with the intersection point of the axes ○ A of ○ 1 as the origin and the consistent direction is established in both the structural and drainage professions.

Step 7.2, processing the meeting primitive

Decomposing all the primitives on the corresponding layer into basic primitives such as circles, arcs, ellipses, straight lines, multi-segment lines and the like, and merging the partially overlapped straight lines, multi-segment lines and arcs; the arc or the multiple lines with the radian of 360 degrees are converted into a circle.

As shown in fig. 5, in the two structural and drainage drawings, a circular hole and a rectangular hole are respectively formed on the corresponding countersign layer. In order to prevent the interference of the overlapped lines, repeated inspection is needed in the stage, and the circles and the rectangular frames are ensured not to be repeated; in order to simplify the compared data quantity, the rectangular frames are combined and processed to be only composed of 4 straight lines or a plurality of lines, and the 360-degree circular arc is converted into a circle.

Step 7.3, checking and comparing

Firstly, traversing the contents on two layers needing countersigning and checking, carrying out classification statistics on all primitives on the layers according to types, and recording the characteristic parameters of each primitive.

Then, the characteristic parameters of the graph are compared according to the following rules

Recording the same type of straight line and linear multi-section line, and comparing characteristic parameters into two coordinate data of a starting point and an end point of each section line;

when the type is ellipse, comparing the characteristic parameters to the central coordinates of the two ellipses and the lengths of the long and short axes;

in the comparison process, an error limit value needs to be set, and if the difference value of the comparison parameters is smaller than the limit value, the two groups of parameters can be considered to be consistent. And when the graphic element on one layer does not have the corresponding graphic element in the compared layer and the parameter is consistent with the parameter, the graphic element is considered to have no matching object in the other layer.

As shown in fig. 5, the layer < drainage hole > of the structure specialty and the layer < structure hole > of the drainage specialty are a group of labeled layers, and the comparison object includes a round hole and a distance frame. For the round hole, 3 sets of parameters (circle (type), circle center (coordinate) and diameter) are recorded; for the rectangular box, 3 sets of parameters (straight line (type), end point 1 (coordinate), end point 2 (coordinate)) for four sides were recorded, respectively. Comparing the data of the two layers, and if the two groups of data are completely consistent within the error limit range, considering that the two professional drain holes are coordinated and consistent; otherwise, modification adjustment should be performed.

Step 7.4, post-processing of inspection results

When the layer 1 and the layer 2 are compared according to the rule, all the primitives of the layer 1 are searched for corresponding primitives in the layer 2; when the layer 2 has no corresponding primitive, giving a prompt of no matching object at the position of the primitive in the layer 1; next, the same method traverses all the primitives for layer 2. One cycle is completed and one alignment is finished.

As shown in fig. 5, in the countersignature, if a hole reserved in the layer 2 for drainage in the drainage drawing does not have a matching object in the structure diagram, an error reminding mark is provided at a position corresponding to the drainage drawing.

And 7.5, modifying the drawing according to the comparison result, and repeating the step 7.4 until the countersigning reaches the standard, and finishing the countersigning process.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A design drawing rapid countersigning method based on AutoCAD; the method is characterized in that a computer language is adopted to call an AutoCAD function to realize automatic operation; the method comprises the following steps:

step 5, after each of the other professions receives the integrated basic graph, development and design coordination are carried out among related professions with related contents, and the profession graph is further deepened; after the adjustment is completed, submitting the drawings of the present specialty which are further deepened to the specialties which undertake the overall functions by each of the other specialties; mutual funding between related specialties with interrelated content;

traversing the primitives on each two layers of the countersigning confirmation object, performing classification statistics on all the primitives according to types, and recording the characteristic parameters of each primitive; setting an error limit value, wherein when the difference value of the comparison parameters is smaller than the error limit value, the two groups of parameters are consistent;

2. The AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method of claim 1, wherein in step 7.2, the basic primitives include circles, arcs, ellipses, straight lines, and polylines.

3. The AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step 7.3, an error limit value is set when comparing the characteristic parameters of the graphic primitive.

4. The AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step 7.2, 2 or more than 2 partially overlapped basic primitives are merged; and converting the circular arc or the multiple sections of lines with the radian of 360 degrees in the basic primitive into a circle.

5. The AutoCAD-based design drawing rapid countersigning method as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step 7.3, the characteristic parameters of the graphic primitive are compared according to the following rules: