CN111076664A - Non-contact type self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring system and method - Google Patents
Non-contact type self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111076664A CN111076664A CN201911381152.XA CN201911381152A CN111076664A CN 111076664 A CN111076664 A CN 111076664A CN 201911381152 A CN201911381152 A CN 201911381152A CN 111076664 A CN111076664 A CN 111076664A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/11—Region-based segmentation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/90—Determination of colour characteristics
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种非接触式自焙电极压放量测量方法，属于视觉识别、数字图像处理技术领域，该方法步骤如下：设定采集条件下，对采集设备进行标定；在与自焙电极间隔一定的采集距离，且与自焙电极相对应不变的位置采集自焙电极压放前、后的图像，分别得到自焙电极压放前的图像Ⅰ和自焙电极压放后的图像Ⅱ；分别对自焙电极压放前的图像Ⅰ和自焙电极压放后的图像Ⅱ进行预处理及特征目标提取；计算电极压放前的图像Ⅰ的特征目标和自焙电极压放后的图像Ⅱ特征目标中心点位置变化的差值，通过非接触式的测量得到精准的电极压放量，此方法不受电炉炉型及生产工艺限制，用以解决电炉生产恶劣环境下电极压放测量问题，提升产品整体自动化水平及操作安全性。
The invention discloses a non-contact self-baking electrode pressure measurement method, belonging to the technical field of visual recognition and digital image processing. The images before and after the self-baking electrode are collected at a certain collection distance, and the position corresponding to the self-baking electrode remains unchanged, and the image I before the self-baking electrode and the image II after the self-baking electrode are obtained respectively; Preprocessing and feature target extraction are performed on the image I before the self-baking electrode and the image II after the self-baking electrode, respectively; the feature targets of the image I before the electrode and the image II after the self-baking electrode are calculated. The difference value of the position change of the characteristic target center point can be obtained by non-contact measurement to obtain accurate electrode pressure and discharge. This method is not limited by the type of electric furnace and production process. The overall automation level and operational safety of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of visual identification and digital image processing, in particular to a non-contact self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring system and method.
Background
The measurement of the pressure release amount of the self-baking electrode is vital to electric furnace smelting, in the actual production of domestic smelting, although different measuring instruments are configured for different furnace types during production, the principle of the measurement is contact type mechanical measurement, after the measurement is carried out for a period of time, due to the high-temperature severe production environment around the self-baking electrode and welding slag which often drops, the damage and insulation failure of a measuring instrument and a PLC module are caused, the reliability of the measuring equipment and the accuracy of the pressure release amount measurement are reduced, the measurement cannot be used for a long time, and therefore the pressure release amount of the electrode is marked and measured on site mainly by operators manually.
The pressure discharge of the self-baking electrode is measured by an operator at a short distance, so that potential safety hazards of electric shock and carbon monoxide poisoning are caused, and the safe production is influenced. Meanwhile, manual measurement has human errors, the efficiency is low, and paper data recording is not beneficial to subsequent process analysis and management.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems existing in the prior art, the invention discloses a non-contact self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating the acquisition equipment under the set acquisition condition;
s2, acquiring images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed at a position which is spaced from the self-baking electrode by a certain acquisition distance and does not change corresponding to the self-baking electrode, and respectively obtaining an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed;
s3, respectively preprocessing the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and extracting the characteristic target of the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed;
and S4, calculating the position change difference of the center points of the characteristic target of the image I before electrode pressing and the characteristic target of the image II after electrode self-baking pressing.
Further, the collection setting condition includes that the light intensity is kept unchanged.
Further, the process of calibrating the acquisition device is as follows: and selecting a calibration object with known size, establishing an image coordinate system and a space coordinate system of the calibration object under a geometric model of acquisition equipment, and acquiring the pixel size of the image.
Further, the preprocessing procedure in S3 is as follows: and performing noise smoothing and denoising treatment on the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and released and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and released by adopting a Gaussian linear smoothing filter algorithm to obtain a blurred image, wherein the blurred image is convenient for image analysis.
Further, the process of the feature object extraction in S3 is as follows:
s3-1, dividing the blurred image into a plurality of sub-regions according to the precision requirement, and projecting the red color component of the color image to a low-dimensional space by adopting a pixel-based histogram threshold segmentation method;
s3-2: and extracting the edge contour of the segmented image by adopting a Laplace operator method.
Further, the system comprises an image acquisition unit, a network transmission unit and an image processing unit;
the image acquisition unit is spaced from the self-baking electrode to be measured by a certain distance, and the corresponding position is kept unchanged;
the image acquisition unit acquires images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed to respectively obtain an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed;
the network transmission unit respectively transmits an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed to the image processing unit;
the image processing unit respectively carries out preprocessing and target feature extraction on the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed, and calculates the difference value of the position change of the central points of the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed.
Furthermore, the image acquisition unit at least comprises a camera and an image acquisition card, and the image acquisition card converts the acquired optical signals into digital signals.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the non-contact self-baking electrode pressure-discharge measuring method provided by the invention processes the image and calculates the pressure-discharge quantity through software programming, and obtains the accurate electrode pressure-discharge quantity through the non-contact measuring method, so that the method is not limited by the furnace type and the production process of the electric furnace, the problem of electrode pressure-discharge measurement in the severe environment of electric furnace production is solved, and the integral automation level and the operation safety of the product are improved; a non-contact self-baking electrode presses and puts measuring apparatus and uses the camera to carry on visual identification, picture to gather to the self-baking electrode, use the camera as the main sensor to monitor the electrode and press and put continuously, use the computer vision identification and image processing technology to process the picture in order to confirm the electrode and press and put the quantity, the image algorithm has considered factors such as picture distortion, dust and vibration, etc., because the camera system is non-contact, do not have the interference to the production process, is not limited by the smelting furnace type, is not easy to be influenced by apparatus leakage and dust environment like other contact measuring methods, have unique advantage; the method and the device improve the reliability and the accuracy of electrode pressure discharge measurement in electric furnace smelting production and the safety of operators
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a pressure discharge measurement logic diagram.
In the figure: 1.1, camera, 1.2, camera support, 1.3, image acquisition card, 2.1, switch, 2.2, communication board, 3.1, PC, 3.2, digital processing card, 3.3, visual identification and image processing module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention, a non-contact self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring method, comprising the following steps:
s1, calibrating the acquisition unit under the set condition;
s2, acquiring images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed at a position which is spaced from the self-baking electrode by a certain distance and does not change corresponding to the self-baking electrode, and sending a shooting instruction by an electric furnace control system to respectively obtain an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and a image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed;
s3, respectively preprocessing the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and extracting the characteristic target of the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed;
and S4, calculating the difference value of the position changes of the central points of the characteristic target of the image I before electrode pressing and the characteristic target of the image II after self-baking electrode pressing, calculating the moving distance of the characteristic mark to obtain the actual electrode pressing and discharging measurement value, and taking the accurate pressing and discharging measurement as the direct reaction of electrode consumption, which is important data of smelting production of the conductive furnace.
Further, the setting condition includes that the light intensity is kept constant.
Further: the process of calibrating the acquisition unit is as follows: selecting a calibration object with known size, establishing an image coordinate system and a space coordinate system of the calibration object under a geometric model of an acquisition unit, and obtaining the corresponding relation between the pixel size of the image and the actual size of the electrode through calculation.
Further: the preprocessing procedure in S3 is as follows: in order to improve the accuracy of the measurement result and the identification degree of the characteristic mark, a Gaussian linear smoothing filtering algorithm is adopted to carry out noise smoothing and denoising treatment on an image I before the self-baking electrode is placed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is placed, so that a blurred image is obtained, image information is reduced, image analysis is facilitated, normally distributed noise is suppressed, interference factors caused by factors such as image distortion, dust and vibration of a camera lens except the characteristic mark in the image are eliminated, and the blurred image is obtained.
Further: the process of the feature object extraction in S3 is as follows:
s3-1, dividing the fuzzy into several sub-regions according to the precision requirement, projecting the red color component of the color image to the low-dimensional space by adopting a histogram threshold segmentation method based on pixels; because the feature on the electrode is rust and the color is a red threshold series, the RGB color model is adopted to extract red, so that the feature brightness is higher and the extraction is convenient. After the red threshold is extracted, the image changes from a color image to a grayscale image.
S3-2: adopting a Laplacian method to extract the edge contour of the segmented image on the basis of the segmentation of the S3-1 image,
the Laplace operator method formula is as follows:
when the function changes rapidly, its first derivative becomes large, and when discontinuities like edges are approached, the derivative increases rapidly, and when the discontinuities pass through, the derivative decreases rapidly, so that the derivative has local extrema in this range, i.e. the edges of the image are located where the value of laplace is 0.
Further, fig. 2 is a system configuration diagram of the present invention, and a non-contact type self-baking electrode displacement measurement system includes an image acquisition unit, a network transmission unit and an image processing unit;
the image acquisition unit is spaced from the self-baking electrode to be measured by a certain distance, and the corresponding position is kept unchanged;
the image acquisition unit acquires images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed and released to respectively obtain an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and released;
the network transmission unit respectively transmits an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed to the image processing unit;
the image processing unit respectively carries out preprocessing and target feature extraction on the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed, and calculates the difference value of the position change of the central points of the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed.
Further: the image acquisition unit comprises a camera 1.1, a camera bracket 1.2 and an image acquisition card 1.3;
the camera 1.1 is fixed on the camera support 1.2, the image acquisition card 1.3 is arranged in the camera, and optical signals acquired by the lens of the camera 1.1 are converted into digital signals through the image acquisition card 1.3;
the camera 1.1 is arranged on a fixed pressing platform, the relative position of the camera and the self-baking electrode is kept unchanged, the field light intensity is controlled and basically kept unchanged, a calibration object with a known size is selected, an image coordinate system and a space coordinate system of the calibration object are established under a geometric model of the camera, and the corresponding relation between the image pixel size and the actual size of the electrode is obtained through mathematical calculation.
The network transmission unit comprises a switch 2.1 and a communication board 2.2; the switch 2.1 is connected with the communication board 2.2;
the image processing unit comprises a PC (personal computer) 3.1, a digital processing card 3.2 and a visual identification and image processing module 3.3; the digital signal is transmitted by the industrial Ethernet protocol, the digital image information is read to the PC 3.1 by the digital processing card 3.2, and the image collected by the image collecting unit is preprocessed and extracted by the visual recognition and image processing module on the PC.
Fig. 3 is a pressure-discharge measurement logic diagram, in order to reduce the influence of the variable factors on the camera acquisition and increase the stability and reliability of the measurement system, 3 feature marks are taken as a group, and an average value is taken for calculation. And (3) taking a group of characteristic marks before the electrode is pressed and released, recording current positions S1, S2 and S3, and recording positions S1', S2' and S3' after the electrode is pressed and released, wherein the electrode pressing and releasing amount is calculated through the displacement of the characteristic marks.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A non-contact self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, calibrating the acquisition equipment under the set acquisition condition;
s2, acquiring images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed at a position which is spaced from the self-baking electrode by a certain acquisition distance and does not change corresponding to the self-baking electrode, and respectively obtaining an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed;
s3, respectively preprocessing the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and extracting the characteristic target of the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed;
and S4, calculating the position change difference of the center points of the characteristic target of the image I before electrode pressing and the characteristic target of the image II after electrode self-baking pressing.
2. The non-contact type self-baking electrode run-out measuring method according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the collection setting conditions include that the light intensity is kept constant.
3. The non-contact type self-baking electrode run-out measuring method according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the process of calibrating the acquisition equipment is as follows: selecting a calibration object with known size, establishing an image coordinate system and a space coordinate system of the calibration object under a geometric model of acquisition equipment, and acquiring a corresponding relation between the pixel size of the image and the actual size of the self-baking electrode.
4. The non-contact type self-baking electrode run-out measuring method according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the preprocessing procedure in S3 is as follows: and performing noise smoothing and denoising treatment on the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and released and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and released by adopting a Gaussian linear smoothing filter algorithm to obtain a blurred image.
5. The non-contact type self-baking electrode reduction measurement method according to claim 4, further characterized in that: the process of the feature object extraction in S3 is as follows:
s3-1, dividing the blurred image into a plurality of sub-regions according to the precision requirement, and projecting the red color component of the color image to a low-dimensional space by adopting a pixel-based histogram threshold segmentation method;
s3-2: and extracting the edge contour of the segmented image by adopting a Laplace operator method.
6. A non-contact type self-baking electrode pressing and releasing quantity measuring system is characterized in that: the system comprises an image acquisition unit, a network transmission unit and an image processing unit;
the image acquisition unit is spaced from the self-baking electrode to be measured by a certain distance, and the corresponding position is kept unchanged;
the image acquisition unit acquires images before and after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed to respectively obtain an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed;
the network transmission unit respectively transmits an image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and an image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed to the image processing unit;
the image processing unit respectively carries out preprocessing and target feature extraction on the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed, and calculates the difference value of the position change of the central points of the image I before the self-baking electrode is pressed and the image II after the self-baking electrode is pressed and placed.
7. The non-contact type self-baking electrode run-out measuring system according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the image acquisition unit at least comprises a camera and an image acquisition card, and the image acquisition card converts acquired optical signals into digital signals.
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Application publication date: 20200428 |