Background
At present, the uncoupling operation of the railway freight car coupler in China needs manual operation, the operations of the continuous disconnection of an air pipe joint, the continuous disconnection of an ECP brake power line, the opening and closing of a dog-ear plug door and the like need manual operation, the number of required operators is large, the operation efficiency is low, the safety is low, and the future intelligent development requirement is not met. High-speed rail, motor train, maglev train and subway all have realized automatic coupling and automatic unhooking function, but the freight train field has not realized this function yet; automatic couplers of high-speed rails, subways and the like are not suitable for truck application due to high manufacturing cost, low traction force and the like. In view of the above problem, it is necessary to develop an intelligent coupler to achieve automatic coupling and decoupling of a wagon coupler, and automatic coupling and decoupling of connectors such as an air pipe joint, an ECP brake power line, and a dog-ear plug, and to improve marshalling efficiency and transportation safety of a wagon, and finally improve transportation efficiency of the wagon by using the intelligent coupler.
In addition, the conventional truck coupler has a plurality of problems, such as large coupling clearance, large impact force and large abrasion; and the car coupler is in a bad stress state and is easy to damage when the car is in a road condition with an excessively small curve radius or goes up and down a slope, the running safety of the car is low, and the like. Aiming at the problems, the invention improves the traditional coupler structure, can reduce the coupler coupling clearance, reduce the longitudinal impact and reduce the abrasion, so as to improve the stress performance of the coupler and the safety performance of the whole vehicle and further prolong the service life of the coupler.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention designs the intelligent coupler, which can realize the automatic coupling and uncoupling of the coupler, and the automatic connection and disconnection functions of the wind pipe connector and the electric connector.
The intelligent coupler comprises a coupler body, wherein a coupler body is installed on a truck body through a joint and a coupler yoke, the coupler body and the joint are connected through a horizontal connecting pin, the joint and the coupler yoke are connected through a vertical pin, a front slave plate and a buffer are installed in the coupler yoke and are installed on the truck body through a supporting and limiting device, and an air duct connector, an electrical connector, an air cylinder, an electromagnetic valve controller, an upper positioning pin hole and a coupler knuckle position sensor are integrated on the coupler to realize automatic coupling and uncoupling of the coupler, and automatic coupling and uncoupling of the air duct connector and the electrical connector through a control system and multiple positioning devices.
The wind pipe connectors are positioned at two sides above the coupler coupling end surface, and a device for fixing the wind pipe connectors is arranged on the coupler coupling end surface; the electric connector is positioned at an opening in the central position below the coupler; the air cylinder is fixed on the car coupler through an air cylinder fixing plate, the joint of an air cylinder push rod is connected with the connecting rod through a pin, and an air inlet of the air cylinder is connected with a corresponding interface of the electromagnetic valve; the electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller; the electromagnetic valve controller is connected with an electric connector; the upper positioning pin and the upper positioning pin hole are arranged on one side of the fixing device of the wind pipe connector; the coupler knuckle position sensor is fixed on a pull rod outside the cylinder through a fixing device. The locomotive end is provided with a control system, and the remote control end is provided with a remote control system.
When the car couplers are linked, firstly, the operation locomotive sends a linking command, the electromagnetic valve controller receives the command and transmits the command to the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is electrified and opens the air inlet, the air cylinder works and acts on the connecting rod through the push rod, and the connecting rod acts on the coupler opening mechanism to enable the coupler knuckle of one car coupler to be in a full-open state; the coupler knuckle of the other coupler can be in any state, the locomotive is transferred to enable the coupler knuckles of the two couplers to be roughly centered in the horizontal direction, the secondary rough positioning is carried out on the secondary buckle and the female buckle of the coupler, after the secondary rough positioning is finished, the upper positioning pin and the upper positioning pin hole of the two couplers are accurately positioned respectively, so that the air duct connectors are accurately connected, then the electric connector located in the center of the lower portion of the coupler is accurately positioned and connected, and therefore automatic coupling of the two couplers, automatic connection of the air duct connectors and automatic connection of the electric connector are completed. When the car coupler is unhooked, firstly, the working locomotive sends an unhooking command, the electromagnetic valve controller receives the command and transmits the command to the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is electrified and opens the air inlet, the air cylinder works and acts on the connecting rod through the push rod, the connecting rod acts on the unhooking mechanism, the coupler knuckle is in an unhooking state, the locomotive is transferred to enable the electric connector to be automatically separated, the air pipe connector to be automatically separated, the male buckle and the female buckle to be automatically separated, and finally the whole coupler knuckle is automatically separated, so that the automatic unhooking between the two car couplers, the air pipe connector and the electric connector.
Furthermore, an upper positioning pin hole and an upper positioning pin are arranged on one side of the wind pipe connector fixing device, and after the car coupler is roughly positioned, the upper positioning pin and the upper positioning pin hole can be accurately positioned, so that the wind pipe connectors are accurately connected; the electric connector is positioned in a middle position below the car coupler so as to ensure that the electric connectors of the two car couplers can be accurately connected when the car couplers are connected.
Furthermore, a coupler knuckle position sensor is fixed on a pull rod outside the air cylinder, detects the state of the coupler and feeds back the state to the locomotive end, and the locomotive end feeds back signals to the remote control end. When the coupler is coupled, the coupler knuckle is in a full-open state, the coupler knuckle position sensor detects that the coupler knuckle is in the full-open state and feeds back the state to the operation locomotive, and the locomotive is transferred to operate to enable the automatic coupling of the coupler, the air pipe connector and the electric connector to be respectively and automatically connected, so that the automatic coupling of the coupler and the automatic connection of the connectors are completed. When the coupler is unhooked, the coupler knuckle is in an unhooking state, the coupler knuckle position sensor detects that the coupler knuckle is in the unhooking state and feeds back the unhooking state to the operation locomotive, the coupler, the wind pipe connector and the electric connector can be automatically separated by transferring the operation of the locomotive, and automatic unhooking of the coupler and automatic disconnection of the connector are completed.
Further, the remote control system is installed at the remote control end and comprises an opening/closing hook control system, a signal transmitter and a signal receiver. The work vehicle is also provided with an open/close hook control system, a signal transmitter, and a signal receiver. The remote control end sends out a hook opening/closing instruction through the signal transmitter, the working locomotive receives signals through the signal receiver and sends the hook opening/closing instruction to the electromagnetic valve controller through the signal transmitter, so that the electromagnetic valve is electrified to work; meanwhile, the working locomotive can feed back a signal of the coupler knuckle position state to the remote control end through the signal emitter. The remote control end can receive signals sent by the working locomotive through the signal receiver.
Furthermore, a notch is formed in the center of the rear end face of the female buckle of the car coupler, the front end structure of the male buckle can be embedded into the notch to be accurate and limited, the male buckle is connected more tightly, the connection gap of the male buckle and the up-and-down movement displacement between the two car couplers are reduced, and the connection stability of the car coupler, the wind pipe connector and the electric connector is improved.
Furthermore, the tail structure of the traditional coupler is changed, a joint structure is added on the tail of the coupler, and the joint is provided with a horizontal pin hole and a vertical pin hole. The joint and the hook tail are connected through a horizontal connecting pin, and the horizontal pin hole can increase the pitch angle in the vertical direction; the vertical pin hole can ensure that the joint is connected with the traditional coupler yoke, and the swing angle of the coupler in the horizontal direction is increased. The joint structure can effectively reduce the relative displacement of the car couplers of two coupled vehicles when the height difference of the central lines exists, so that the two car couplers are connected more tightly, and the stress performance of the car couplers is improved.
Furthermore, the profile of the traditional coupler knuckle is changed, the original minimum coupling gap of 9.5mm can be reduced to be less than 4.5mm, the longitudinal impact of a vehicle is reduced, and the coupling stability of the coupler and the connection stability and reliability of the connector are effectively improved.
The intelligent car coupler provided by the invention has the advantages that: 1. the invention meets the development requirements of the intelligent transportation of future trucks, can realize the automatic connection and automatic disconnection functions of the car coupler, the wind pipe connector and the electric connector, and finally realizes the unmanned, intelligent and automatic operation of the whole freight transportation; 2. the invention can realize the accurate positioning connection of the car coupler and the connector, realize the accurate positioning function by increasing a positioning pin/hole device, improving a snap fastener structure and the like, and improve the safety performance of connection by multiple positioning; 3. the coupler knuckle profile is changed, the joint structure is increased, the coupling clearance and abrasion of the coupler can be effectively reduced, the stress state and the safety performance of the coupler are improved, and the service life of the coupler is prolonged; 4. the marshalling efficiency and the transport efficiency of the freight train are improved, the safety of freight transportation is improved, and the requirement of future railway intelligent freight transportation is met.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 and the working principle.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the intelligent coupler is characterized in that a coupler body 1 is mounted on a truck body through a joint 15 and a coupler yoke, the coupler body 1 and the joint 15 are connected through a horizontal connecting pin 16, the joint and the coupler yoke are connected through a vertical pin, a front slave plate and a buffer are mounted in the coupler yoke and mounted on the truck body through a supporting and limiting device, and an air duct connector 2, an electrical connector 3, a cylinder 4, a solenoid valve 6, a solenoid valve controller 7, an upper locating pin 8, an upper locating pin hole 9 and a coupler knuckle position sensor 18 are integrated on the coupler body 1 to realize automatic coupling and uncoupling of the coupler body 1, automatic coupling and uncoupling of the air duct connector 2 and the electrical connector 3 through a control system and multiple locating devices.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the wind pipe connectors 2 are located at both sides above the coupling end surface, and a device for fixing the wind pipe connectors is installed on the coupling end surface; the electric connector 3 is positioned at an opening in the lower center of the coupler. The cylinder 4 is fixed on the coupler 1 through a cylinder fixing plate 13, the joint of a cylinder push rod 17 is connected with the connecting rod 5 through a pin 12, and an air inlet of the cylinder 4 is connected with a corresponding interface of the electromagnetic valve 6; the electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with the controller 7; the electromagnetic valve controller 7 is connected with the electric connector 3; the upper positioning pin 8 and the upper positioning pin hole 9 are arranged on one side of the fixing device of the wind pipe connector; the coupler knuckle position sensor 18 is fixed on a pull rod outside the cylinder 4 by a fixing device. The locomotive end is provided with a control system, and the remote control end is provided with a remote control system.
Referring to fig. 4, when the coupler is coupled, firstly, the working locomotive sends a coupling command, the electromagnetic valve controller 7 receives the command and transmits the command to the electromagnetic valve 6, the electromagnetic valve 6 is electrified and opens the air inlet, the air inlet of the electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with the air pipe connector 2, the air inlet of the air cylinder 4 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 6 so that the air cylinder 4 works and acts on the connecting rod 5 through the push rod 17, the connecting rod 5 acts on the uncoupling mechanism, a lower lock pin rotating shaft in the uncoupling mechanism drives a lower lock pin and a lower lock pin shaft to rotate, the lower lock pin acts on a coupler knuckle push iron, and the coupler knuckle push iron pushes out the coupler knuckle so that the coupler knuckle 14 rotates around the coupler knuckle pin, so that the coupler knuckle 14 of; the coupler knuckle 14 of the other coupler 1 can be in any state, the locomotive is transferred to enable the coupler knuckles 14 of the two couplers to be roughly centered in the horizontal direction for the first time, the secondary rough positioning is carried out on the sub buckle 10 and the female buckle 11 of the couplers, after the secondary rough positioning is finished, the upper positioning pin 8 and the upper positioning pin hole 9 of the two couplers are accurately positioned respectively, so that the air duct connectors 2 are accurately connected, and meanwhile, the electric connector 3 located in the center of the lower portion of the couplers is accurately positioned and connected, so that the automatic coupling of the two couplers 1, the automatic connection of the air duct connectors 2 and the automatic connection of the electric connector 3 are finished. When the coupler 1 is unhooked, firstly, an operating locomotive sends an unhooking command, an electromagnetic valve controller 7 receives the command and transmits the command to an electromagnetic valve 6, the electromagnetic valve 6 is electrified and opens an air inlet, the air inlet of the electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with an air pipe connector 2, the air inlet of an air cylinder 4 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 6 to enable the air cylinder 4 to work and act on a connecting rod 5 through a push rod 17, the connecting rod 5 acts on a unhooking mechanism, a lower lock pin rotating shaft in the unhooking mechanism drives a lower lock pin and a lower lock pin shaft to rotate, the lower lock pin acts on a coupler knuckle push iron, the coupler knuckle push iron pushes out a coupler knuckle to enable the coupler knuckle 14 to rotate around the coupler knuckle pin, the coupler knuckle 14 is in an unhooking state, the locomotive is transferred to enable an electric connector 3 to be automatically separated, the air, thereby completing the automatic uncoupling of the coupler 1 from the other couplers and the automatic disconnection of the wind pipe connector 2 and the electrical connector 3.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.