CN111040287A - 一种可降解的环保袋及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可降解的环保袋用以替代不可降解的塑料袋，其埋入土中可在170天～350天内逐渐完全降解，从而解决“白色污染”问题，使得环境不被污染。由于本发明利用了毛竹的植物微生物起到降解的引发作用，能很好的促进PE的降解。尤其是在埋入土中，闭光潮湿的条件下，促进微生物细菌的成长，加速PE的降解。同时本发明为无氧或微氧降解，有氧气的时候不降解，因此不影响环保袋的存放和使用。如若采用焚烧方式处理，燃烧时不产生黑烟，没有刺鼻的气味及有毒有害气体。烧尽的灰末粉为灰白色，溶于水，没有残留有毒有害的物质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种容物袋及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种可降解的环保袋及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前超市、家庭、办公、工业、农业等各行各业使用的购物袋、包装袋都是采用聚乙烯为主要原材料生产制作而成的。虽然这些材料具有优异的物理性能，但是这类材料都不能降解，其残留的碎片对土壤、环境有极大的破坏作用。焚烧时产生的大量黑烟及有害气体对人体同样有较大的损伤，同时破坏了大气环境。如若通过深埋的方式去处理，50年～100年不易降解，造成了严重的白色污染，还会带来一系列的不良问题。
为了解决购物袋、包装袋等各类袋子的生产和环境保护之间的这一矛盾，目前世界各国已研制具有降解性能的塑料薄膜购物袋、包装袋、布袋、纸袋等来代替聚乙烯塑料袋、包装袋等塑料制品。
日本、韩国等国研制用40％的玉米淀粉和60％的聚乙烯混挤出塑料薄膜制成各种购物袋、包装袋。美国采用化合物生产塑料薄膜制成的购物袋、包装袋。此类产品制作成本高、价格贵，用户很难接受，不利用环保袋的推广，没有实用价值。
我国曾有一阶段，采用布袋、纸袋来替代塑料购物袋、包装袋。但是由于购物袋、包装袋用量大，实用范围广，品种规格多，有的购物袋还要具备防水和极好地物理性能。因此布袋、纸袋远远满足不了市场的需求和特殊技术性能要求，无法替代聚乙烯购物袋、包装袋。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决上述问题，提供一种可降解的环保袋替代不可降解的塑料袋，其埋入土中可在170天～350天内逐渐完全降解，从而解决“白色污染”问题，使得环境不被污染。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种可降解的环保袋，由下述重量份的原材料制成：
所述毛竹细粉为将毛竹粉碎，经研磨机研磨成纳米级或亚纳米级的超细粉，加入疏水改性剂在常温下搅拌2小时；毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:3；
所述聚乙烯包括重量百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯；
所述填充物包括重量百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及16％毛竹细粉混合而成。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增塑剂为邻苯二价酸酯类。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的疏水改性剂为硅烷类偶联剂，其型号为DL-171。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的催化剂为氧化锌。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的引发剂为偶氧化物。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的交联剂为酸酐类交联剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的抗氧化剂为有机硫化物类抗氧化剂。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的着色剂为色母料类着色剂。
作为本发明的更进一步改进，将上述原料共混、挤出、吹塑成薄膜，再经过封切机封切制成环保袋。
本发明采用的有益效果是：由于本发明利用了毛竹的植物微生物起到降解的引发作用，能很好的促进PE的降解。尤其是在埋入土中，闭光潮湿的条件下，促进微生物细菌的成长，加速PE的降解。同时本发明为无氧或微氧降解，有氧气的时候不降解，因此不影响环保袋的存放和使用。如若采用焚烧方式处理，燃烧时不产生黑烟，没有刺鼻的气味及有毒有害气体。烧尽的灰末粉为灰白色，溶于水，没有残留有毒有害的物质。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
实施例一，毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:3的可降解毛竹微细粉10份；百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯30份；百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及10％毛竹细粉混合而成填充物50份；增塑剂1份；硅烷偶联剂3份；偶氧化物的引发剂2份；氧化锌的催化剂1份；酸酐类交联剂0.5份；有机硫化物抗氧剂1份：色母料类着色剂2份；胶粉3份，降解促进剂2份。毛竹为3年的成长期的最好。
实施例二,毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:1的可降解的毛竹微细粉20份；百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯15份；百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及10％毛竹细粉混合而成填充物61.5份；增塑剂1份；硅烷偶联剂1份；偶氧化物的引发剂2份；氧化锌的催化剂1份；酸酐类交联剂0.8份；有机硫化物抗氧剂3份：色母料类着色剂2份；胶粉3份，降解促进剂2份。毛竹为3年的成长期的最好。
实施例三，毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:1的可降解的毛竹微细粉5份；百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯30份；百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及10％毛竹细粉混合而成填充物63份；增塑剂1份；硅烷偶联剂1份；偶氧化物的引发剂2份；氧化锌的催化剂1份；酸酐类交联剂1份；有机硫化物抗氧剂2份：色母料类着色剂2份；胶粉3份，降解促进剂2份。毛竹为3年的成长期的最好。
实施例四，毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:1的可降解的毛竹微细粉15份；百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯40份；百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及10％毛竹细粉混合而成填充物65份；增塑剂1份；硅烷偶联剂3份；偶氧化物的引发剂2份；氧化锌的催化剂1份；酸酐类交联剂1份；有机硫化物抗氧剂2份：色母料类着色剂2份；胶粉3份，降解促进剂2份。毛竹为3年的成长期的最好。
将上述原料共混、挤出、吹塑成薄膜，再经过封切机封切制成环保袋。
本发明制成的环保袋的物理力学性能均都符合国家标准要求。经提吊试验，均无破裂；经跌落试验，均无破裂；经漏水试验，均无漏水。本发明制成的环保袋其封合强度(N/15mm)：实施例一：m＜6-6.0；实施例二：6≤m≤10-8.0；实施例三：m大于10-10.0。
本发明与现有技术相比，所制成的环保袋既能保持优良的透水性，防水性，同时买入土中170天～350天可逐渐完全降解；如若通过焚烧方式处理，没有有毒有害气体和刺鼻气味，不残留有毒有害物质。同时具有良好的力学性能，热稳定性较好，并可以回收再利用。本发明能够有效的降低成本，替代目前不可降解的塑料袋，解决“白色污染”。
本发明实用效果好，可广泛应用于超市、家庭、办公、医学、食品、航空航天、航海、运输、工业、农业等各行各业的购物袋、包装袋、垃圾袋、包装材料等环保产品。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的优选实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形、改进及替代，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述环保袋由下述重量份的原材料制成：
所述毛竹细粉为将毛竹粉碎经研磨机研磨成纳米级或亚纳米级的超细粉，加入疏水改性剂在常温下搅拌2小时；毛竹细粉与疏水改性剂的重量比为100:1；
所述聚乙烯包括重量百分浓度为40％的高密度聚乙烯及60％的线型低密度聚乙烯；
所述填充物包括重量百分浓度为50％的碳酸钙及10％～16％毛竹细粉混合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述增塑剂为邻苯二价酸酯类。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的疏水改性剂为硅烷类偶联剂，其型号为DL-171。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的催化剂为氧化锌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的引发剂为偶氮化物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的交联剂为酸酐类交联剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的抗氧化剂为有机硫化物类抗氧化剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解的环保袋，其特征是所述的着色剂为色母料类着色剂。
9.一种可降解的环保袋的制备方法，其特征是将上述原料共混、挤出、吹塑成薄膜，再经过封切机封切制成环保袋。
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