CN111039860B - 2-羟基-n-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法及应用 - Google Patents
2-羟基-n-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种2‑羟基‑N‑(4’‑氯联苯‑2‑基)烟酰胺的合成方法,属于农药杀菌剂领域,以2‑氯烟酸和4’‑氯‑2‑氨基联苯为原料,经氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5‑三氟苯硼酸、3‑硝基苯硼酸中的至少一种催化剂催化制得;本发明还公开了上述合成方法制备的2‑羟基‑N‑(4’‑氯联苯‑2‑基)烟酰胺用于监测啶酰菌胺生产过程中它的生成情况及检测啶酰菌胺中它的含量的一种应用。本发明的合成方法合成2‑羟基‑N‑(4’‑氯联苯‑2‑基)烟酰胺的收率≥50.48%,解决了收率低的问题,所合成的产品用于监测啶酰菌胺生产过程中它的生成情况及检测啶酰菌胺中它的含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀菌剂领域,具体地说是一种2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法及应用。
背景技术
啶酰菌胺是由德国巴斯夫公司开发的新型烟酰胺类杀菌剂,主要用于防治白粉病、灰霉病、各种腐烂病等。
啶酰菌胺属于线粒体呼吸链中琥珀酸辅酶Q还原酶抑制剂,对孢子的萌发有很强的抑制能力,且与其它杀菌剂无交互抗性。
在现有的技术方案中,啶酰菌胺的合成主要采用两种合成方法:
①一种合成方法是,对氯溴苯经格氏反应制得对氯苯硼酸,然后与邻氯硝基苯在催化剂MS-Pd、无水碳酸钾及四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)的存在下,于DMF中120℃发生Suzuki反应生成2-(4-氯苯基)硝基苯;再经催化加氢还原得2-(4-氯苯基)苯胺,最后与2-氯烟酸在氯化亚砜存在下缩合,制得啶酰菌胺,具体反应方程式如下:
此方法最后一步的反应过程中, 由于后处理过程中用到大量的盐酸和氢氧化钠,造成产物啶酰菌胺的稳定性降低,生成副产物2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺。
②另一种合成方法是,Liu等在《One-Pot Synthesis of N-Aryl-Nicotinamidesand Diarylamines Based on aTunable Smiles Rearrangement》(Eur. J. Org. Chem.2015, 3048–3052)中公开的以2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺作为反应物,经过氯代反应合成啶酰菌胺的过程。同时,该文献还公开了2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,具体反应方程式如下:
在该技术方案中,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺是以2-氯烟酰胺和4’-氯-2-羟基联苯经两步反应制得,总收率仅为35%。
显然,采用第二种方法中公开的两步反应制备2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,存在收率低的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的,是要提供一种2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,以解决现有技术所存在的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺收率低的问题;
本发明的另一个目的,是要提供一种2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,是以2-氯烟酸和4’-氯-2-氨基联苯为原料,经催化剂进行催化,反应后制得所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,其中,催化剂为氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸、3-硝基苯硼酸中的至少一种;
该合成方法的化学反应式如下:
作为本发明的一种限定,它包括依次进行的以下步骤:
步骤1): 2-氯烟酸用溶剂A溶解后,加入4’-氯-2-氨基联苯,混合,再加入所述催化剂,保温反应后,制得溶液B;
步骤2):将溶液B用碱性水溶液洗涤,分相,得有机相C;
有机相C用盐水溶液洗涤,分相,得有机相D,浓缩后,即得所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺。
作为本发明的进一步限定,步骤2)后还设有步骤3),即:
步骤3):将所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺进行重结晶、过滤、烘干,得2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品。
作为本发明的更进一步限定,重结晶是以二氯甲烷、乙醇、苯、甲苯、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、甲醇或石油醚中的一种或两种为结晶试剂,进行溶解析晶。
作为本发明的另一种限定,步骤1)中,所述催化剂为氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸、3-硝基苯硼酸中的一种或两种;
所述催化剂与2-氯烟酸的摩尔比为0.01-0.5:1。
作为本发明的进一步限定,步骤1)中,2-氯烟酸与4’-氯-2-氨基联苯的摩尔比为1:0.5-5;
溶剂A为1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯或均三甲苯;
2-氯烟酸与溶剂A的A的摩尔体积比为1mol:2.5-3.5L。
作为本发明的进一步限定,步骤1)中,保温反应的温度为50-200℃,保温反应的时间8-12h。
作为本发明的进一步限定,步骤2)中,所述碱性水溶液为饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液;饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液与溶剂A的体积比为0.8-1.2:1;
所述盐水溶液为饱和氯化钠水溶液;饱和氯化钠水溶液与溶剂A的体积比为0.8-1.2:1;
浓缩为减压蒸馏至干,减压蒸馏的温度为35-60℃,减压蒸馏的压力为0.06-0.1MPa。
本发明还提供了上述合成方法制备的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的一种应用,所述2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺用于监测啶酰菌胺的生产过程中2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的生成情况及检测啶酰菌胺中2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量。
本发明制备得到的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺主要用途是作为标准品,监测实际生产啶酰菌胺的过程,同时还可以对制备得到的啶酰菌胺的品质进行检测;
在啶酰菌胺生产过程中,利用制得的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺作为标准品,与反应液及产物中的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺含量进行对比,监测杂质的生成情况,进而监测主反应的进行情况;
在对制备得到的啶酰菌胺产品品质检测中,利用制得的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺作为标准品,与啶酰菌胺产品进行对比,检测啶酰菌胺产品中2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量;
本发明与现有技术相比,所取得的技术进步在于:
本发明通过使用合理的催化剂,实现了一步法直接合成2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,总收率达到50.48%以上;
同时,该技术方案还具有操作步骤简单、无污染的优点,符合绿色生产的需求。
本发明的合成方法,可直接合成的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,所制化合物能作为标准品适用于监测啶酰菌胺的生产过程中杂质的生成情况和检测啶酰菌胺中2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中所制得的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的1H HMR图;
图2为本发明实施例1中所制得的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺高分辨液质图;
图3为本发明实施例10中啶酰菌胺液相图;
图4为本发明实施例1中所制得的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺液相图;
图5-7为本发明实施例10中啶酰菌胺产品中的啶酰菌胺与2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的液相图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,应当理解所描述的实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不限定本发明。
在本发明中,需要特别说明的是,在没有相反说明的情况下,2-氯烟酸、4’-氯-2-氨基联苯、氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸、3-硝基苯硼酸、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、二氯甲烷、乙醇、苯、甲苯、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、石油醚、甲醇均是代表相应的化合物。
实施例1 2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法
以2-氯烟酸和4’-氯-2-氨基联苯为原料,与催化剂3-硝基苯硼酸在甲苯溶液中120℃反应生成2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,具体合成路线如下:
步骤1):分别量取1.56kg(即10mol)的2-氯烟酸、1.02kg(即5mol)4’-氯-2-氨基联苯、0.42kg(即2.5mol)的3-硝基苯硼酸,备用;
量取30L甲苯,将2-氯烟酸加至甲苯中,室温下搅拌溶解,加入4’-氯-2-氨基联苯,搅拌混合,再加入3-硝基苯硼酸,加热至120℃,并保持120℃反应10h后,制得溶液B,溶液B自然降温至室温;
步骤2):在溶液B中加入30L饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,室温下搅拌洗涤10min,分相,得有机相和水相,重复上述操作洗涤有机相三次,得有机相C;
在有机相C中加入30L饱和氯化钠水溶液,室温下搅拌洗涤10min,分相,得有机相和水相,重复上述操作洗涤有机相三次,得有机相D;
有机相用D经无水硫酸镁干燥后,在40℃、0.1MPa减压蒸馏至干,即得1.02kg的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,收率为60.1%,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的1HNMR图参见图1,高分辨液质图参见图2。
步骤3):取0.50kg 2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,备用;
量取5L乙酸乙酯,加入2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,搅拌溶解,缓慢滴加石油醚至有晶体析出(石油醚的用量约为4.0L);
降温至0℃,并保持在0℃养晶析晶1h,过滤,少量石油醚(约1L)洗涤,40℃干燥4h至恒重,制得0.43kg的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品,收率为85.57%,总收率为51.43%,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的液相图参见图4。
实施例2-9 2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法
实施例2-9分别为2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其合成方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于合成上述2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺过程中的各项工艺参数不同,具体详见表1:
表1 实施例2-9中各项工艺参数一览表
下述为实施例2-9合成的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的精制方法,其精制方法与实施例1相同,不同之处在于精制上述2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺过程中的工艺条件不同,具体详见表2:
表2 实施例2-9中各项精制工艺条件一览表
实施例10 2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的应用
以实施例1制备的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品,作为标准对照品,通过对比2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品和啶酰菌胺的液相图检测合成啶酰菌胺的过程中及产品中是否存在2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺及其含量的多少,实现对啶酰菌胺合成过程的监测及对啶酰菌胺产品品质的检测。
监测啶酰菌胺的合成过程:
依据现有技术生产啶酰菌胺,对氯溴苯经格氏反应制得对氯苯硼酸,然后与邻氯硝基苯在催化剂MS-Pd、无水碳酸钾及四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)的存在下,于DMF中120℃发生Suzuki反应生成2-(4-氯苯基)硝基苯;再经催化加氢还原得2-(4-氯苯基)苯胺,最后与2-氯烟酸在氯化亚砜存在下缩合,制得啶酰菌胺,具体反应式如下:
具体监测啶酰菌胺合成过程如下:
上述啶酰菌胺合成过程中,每隔2h取反应液0.1mL溶于10mL乙腈中,摇匀;
精密称取啶酰菌胺标准品0.020 g(精确至0.001 g),溶解于100mL乙腈中,摇匀;
精密称取2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品0.020 g(精确至0.001g),溶解于100mL甲醇中,摇匀;
设定色谱条件:流动相为乙腈-水体积比= 80:40(水用甲酸调节pH至4.8),流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温设定为30 ℃,进样量为0.020mL,检测波长为263 nm;
分别对啶酰菌胺标准品和2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品、啶酰菌胺反应液进行检测,啶酰菌胺标准品的保留时间为5.527 min;2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品的保留时间为4.863 min,通过对比啶酰菌胺反应液与啶酰菌胺标准品和2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品的保留时间,监测主反应与副反应的发生情况。
啶酰菌胺产品品质的检测如下:
精密称取啶酰菌胺标准品0.020 g(精确至0.001 g),溶解于100mL乙腈中,摇匀;
精密称取2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品0.020 g(精确至0.001g),溶解于100mL甲醇中,摇匀;
精密称取啶酰菌胺产品0.020 g(精确至0.001 g),溶解于100mL乙腈中,摇匀;
设定色谱条件:流动相为乙腈-水体积比= 80:20(水用甲酸调节pH至4.8),流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温设定为30 ℃,进样量为0.020mL,检测波长为263 nm;
分别对啶酰菌胺标准品和2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品进行检测,啶酰菌胺标准品的保留时间为5.507 min,纯度99.179%,参见图3;2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品的保留时间为4.863 min,纯度99.136%,参见图4。
在相同色谱条件下,对啶酰菌胺粗品P1进行检测,保留时间为5.507 min的峰为啶酰菌胺;保留时间为4.863 min的峰为2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量4.072%,参见图5。
在相同色谱条件下,对啶酰菌胺粗品P2进行检测,保留时间为5.507 min的峰为啶酰菌胺;保留时间为4.863 min的峰为2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量14.413%,参见图6。
在相同色谱条件下,对啶酰菌胺粗品P3进行检测,保留时间为5.507 min的峰为啶酰菌胺;保留时间为4.863 min的峰为2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的含量4.330%,参见图7。
实施例1-9,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非是对本发明所作的其他形式的限定,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员不能利用上述技术内容作为启示加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明权利要求的技术实质,对以上实施例所作出的简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明权利要求保护的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其特征在于,
该合成方法是以2-氯烟酸和4’-氯-2-氨基联苯为原料,经催化剂进行催化,反应后制得所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺,其中,催化剂为氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸、3-硝基苯硼酸中的至少一种;
该合成方法的化学反应式如下:
它包括依次进行的以下步骤:
步骤1):2-氯烟酸用溶剂A溶解后,加入4’-氯-2-氨基联苯,混合,再加入所述催化剂,保温反应后,制得溶液B;
步骤2):将溶液B用碱性水溶液洗涤,分相,得有机相C;
有机相C用盐水溶液洗涤,分相,得有机相D,浓缩后,即得所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺;
步骤1)中,保温反应的温度为50-200℃,保温反应的时间8-12h;
步骤2)中,所述碱性水溶液为饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液;饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液与溶剂A的体积比为0.8-1.2:1;
所述盐水溶液为饱和氯化钠水溶液;饱和氯化钠水溶液与溶剂A的体积比为0.8-1.2:1;
浓缩为减压蒸馏至干,减压蒸馏的温度为35-60℃,减压蒸馏的压力为0.06-0.1MPa。
2.根据权利要求1所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤2)后还设有步骤3),即:
步骤3):将所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺进行重结晶、过滤、烘干,得2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺精品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其特征在于,重结晶是以二氯甲烷、乙醇、苯、甲苯、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、甲醇或石油醚中的一种或两种为结晶试剂,进行溶解析晶。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其特征在于,
步骤1)中,所述催化剂为氯化锆、正丁基锡酸、硼酸、3,4,5-三氟苯硼酸、3-硝基苯硼酸中的一种或两种;
所述催化剂与2-氯烟酸的摩尔比为0.01-0.5:1。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的2-羟基-N-(4’-氯联苯-2-基)烟酰胺的合成方法,其特征在于,
步骤1)中,2-氯烟酸与4’-氯-2-氨基联苯的摩尔比为1:0.5-5;
溶剂A为1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃、苯、甲苯、二甲苯或均三甲苯;
2-氯烟酸与溶剂A的摩尔体积比为1mol:2.5-3.5L。
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