CN111035496B

CN111035496B - Human lower limb orthopedic brace and manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN111035496B
Application number: CN201911398546.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾翔宇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2022-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-30
Also published as: CN111035496A

Abstract

The invention relates to a lower limb orthopedic brace, which comprises a femur fixing band, a tibia fixing band and a pair of knee joint protection discs arranged on the inner side and the outer side of a knee joint, wherein two rigid femur supporting rods are arranged on the femur fixing band, the tail ends of the rigid femur supporting rods are fixedly arranged on the knee joint protection discs, two rigid tibia supporting rods are arranged on the tibia fixing band, the tail ends of the rigid tibia supporting rods are pivotally arranged on the knee joint protection discs, the tail ends of the tibia supporting rods comprise short shafts perpendicular to rod bodies, and each knee joint protection disc comprises a J-shaped sliding groove for accommodating the short shafts at the tail ends of the tibia supporting rods. The invention has a light structure, can effectively shape, support and protect the local lesion part, eliminates the joint movement obstruction to the maximum extent and promotes the rehabilitation of the local lesion part. In addition, a method for manufacturing a lower limb orthopedic brace is provided, which can precisely customize the brace according to the characteristics of the joint and the skeleton of the brace according to the individual difference of patients.

Description

Human lower limb orthopedic brace and manufacturing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an orthopedic brace aiming at local lesions of lower limbs of a human body.

Background

The cartilage of knee joint of human body is worn gradually with the age, which causes various knee joint diseases, causes deformation, inflammation, pain and other symptoms, and seriously affects normal walking. The elderly population is therefore commonly plagued with knee joint problems.

Auxiliary instruments have also been developed to address the knee joint problem, to relieve pain and assist the patient in walking. However, these devices can be generally divided into two categories, each having various defects, and cannot meet the requirements of people for rehabilitation and quality of life improvement.

One kind of apparatus provides a complex supporting mechanism, such as a lower limb exoskeleton structure disclosed in chinese patent document CN 105012056a, in order to simulate the knee joint movement characteristics during walking, so as to fully share the pressure and friction borne by the knee joint, reduce pain, and undertake the lower limb walking function. The mechanism is complex in structure and heavy, so that the mechanism is helpful for people who basically lose walking function, and for patients who only face local lower limb lesions, such as osteoarthritis and meniscus injury, platform fracture without displacement, splayed internal and external deformity of children and patients with varus-internal-valgus deformity of knee joints, the mechanism brings extra burden, seriously affects life quality, generates dependence after long-term use and is not beneficial to rehabilitation.

The other type of instrument emphasizes on realizing the fixation of the injured part, has an excessively simple structure, fails to fully consider the structures and mechanical characteristics of joints and bones, has poor comfort, influences the free movement of the joints and is also not beneficial to rehabilitation.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the problems that a complex lower limb orthopedic support in the prior art is heavy and is not suitable for rehabilitation of local lesions, or a light lower limb orthopedic support influences free movement of joints and can not provide support and protection conforming to ergonomics, the lower limb orthopedic support is provided, has a light structure, does not increase extra burden of a patient, can effectively straighten, support and protect local lesion parts, eliminates obstruction of joint movement to the maximum extent, and finally promotes rehabilitation of local lesions. In addition, a method for manufacturing a lower limb orthopedic brace is provided, which can precisely customize the brace according to the individual difference of patients, so as to form the proper orthopedic, supporting and protecting of the affected part and eliminate the joint movement obstruction to the maximum extent.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:

a lower limb orthopedic brace comprises a femur fixing strap for detachably winding and fixing on the periphery of femur, a tibia fixing strap for detachably winding and fixing on the periphery of tibia, and a pair of knee joint protection disks for arranging at the inner side and the outer side of knee joint,

the femur fixing belt is provided with two rigid femur supporting rods which are used for respectively extending downwards along the inner side and the outer side of the femur when the femur fixing belt is fixed on the periphery of the femur, the tail end is fixedly arranged on the knee joint protection disc,

the tibia fixing belt is provided with two rigid tibia supporting rods, the two tibia supporting rods are used for respectively extending upwards along the inner side and the outer side of the tibia when the tibia fixing belt is fixed on the periphery of the tibia, the tail ends of the tibia supporting rods are pivotally arranged on the knee joint protection disc, the axis of the pivot is vertical to the tibia supporting rods,

the tail end of the tibial support rod comprises a short shaft perpendicular to the rod body, and each knee joint protection disc comprises a J-shaped sliding groove used for containing the short shaft at the tail end of the tibial support rod.

Preferably, at least one of the stub shaft and/or the J-shaped runner includes a layer of friction reducing material.

Preferably, at least one of the femoral support rods is provided with a length adjustment mechanism adapted to operate.

Preferably, the length adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment disc and a gear, at least one part of the femoral support rod comprises a rack, and the adjustment disc is suitable for adjusting the meshing position of the gear and the rack so as to adjust the length of the femoral support rod.

Preferably, two include knee joint helping hand semi-ring between the thighbone bracing piece and two between the shin bone bracing piece, set up the elastic webbing between the knee joint helping hand semi-ring.

Preferably, the lower end of the tibial support rod is pivotable about its own axis relative to the tibial fixation strap.

Preferably, the lower end of the tibia support rod is pivotally and anti-detachably mounted in a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixed to the tibia fixing belt, and an angle controller for the tibia support rod is arranged in the mounting seat.

Preferably, still include a patella unscrambler, the patella unscrambler includes a fixed ring of patella and two elastic bands, the elastic band will the fixed ring detachably of patella is fixed on the knee joint protection dish.

A surveying and mapping device for assisting in designing any one of the aforementioned lower limb orthopedic braces comprises a painting pen vertically fixed on a tibia towards a knee joint, and a painting plate fixed on a femur and attached to the knee joint.

A method of manufacturing any of the aforementioned lower extremity orthopedic braces by means of the aforementioned mapping device, comprising acquiring an extension trajectory of a J-shaped chute for an individual;

acquiring the knee joint protection disc with the J-shaped sliding groove by adopting a 3D printing, injection molding or machining mode based on the extension track;

wherein the obtaining of the extended trajectory of the J-shaped chute for the individual comprises,

attaching the color coating plate to the inner side or the outer side of the knee joint to be fixed to the femur, and fixing the color coating pen to the tibia and pointing to the color coating plate;

and (3) enabling the individual to perform knee bending and stretching actions, and enabling the color painting pen to form a track on the color painting plate.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the knee joint local lesion part is supported by a portable structure, the knee joint pressure is reduced, and then the pain is reduced, meanwhile, the tibia is allowed to move along a centrode when pivoting relative to the femur, the knee joint motion biological characteristics are met, the orthopedic and protective effects are provided, and the wearing comfort degree is guaranteed to the maximum extent.

Further, the correction function of uneven left and right wear of the patella platform, the correction function of patella valgus or varus, and the correction function of inner eight or outer eight are provided.

Further, the brace allows for natural outward deflection of the tibia relative to the femur in a deep knee flexion motion.

Further, the brace helps provide the force and exercises for extending and bending the knee.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a forward use state of a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a medial use state of a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3a shows an exploded view of a knee joint protection disk of a lower extremity orthopedic brace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3b shows a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 3 a;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a partial cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a medial use state of the lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view showing a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a medial use state of a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view showing a femoral support rod length adjustment mechanism of a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view showing a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view showing a lower limb orthopedic brace according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The expressions of inside, outside, up, down, left, right, front, rear and the like referred to in the present specification indicate relative positions with reference to the human body when the present invention is applied to the human body, and are not intended to limit the spatial relationship of each part of the product itself.

Example 1

Fig. 1 to 2 show a lower extremity orthopedic brace according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, which includes a femoral fixing strap 11 for detachably winding around and fixing to the periphery of a femur, a tibial fixing strap 12 for detachably winding around and fixing to the periphery of a tibia, and a pair of knee

joint protection disks

13a, 13b for being disposed on the medial and lateral sides of a knee joint. Two rigid

femoral support rods

14a and 14b are arranged on the femoral fixing strap 11, the two

femoral support rods

14a and 14b are used for respectively extending downwards along the inner side and the outer side of the femur when the femoral fixing strap 11 is fixed on the periphery of the femur, and the tail end is fixedly arranged on the knee

joint protection disc

13a or 13 b.

The tibia fixing strap 12 is provided with two rigid

tibia support rods

15a and 15b, the two

tibia support rods

15a and 15b are used for respectively extending upwards along the inner side and the outer side of the tibia when the tibia fixing strap 11 is fixed on the periphery of the tibia, the tail ends of the two tibia support rods are pivotally arranged on the knee

joint protection disc

13a or 13b, and the pivoting axis is perpendicular to the

tibia support rods

15a or 15 b.

The femoral fixation band 11 and the tibial fixation band 12 comprise at least one layer of flexible material and at least one layer of reinforcing layer. The flexible material layer serves as an inner lining for fitting to human body clothing or skin and/or as an outer skin for good tactile or visual perception. The reinforcing layer comprises composite materials, nylon and the like. The

femoral support rods

14a, 14b are fixed to the reinforcing layer by means of rivets or other conventional fixing means, or at the same time to the flexible material layer.

The femur fixing strap 11 and the tibia fixing strap 12 each include a fixing

structure

111 or 121 for wrapping around a femur or a tibia, for example, using a hook and loop fastener.

For the sake of brevity, only the structures of the set of femoral support rod 14a, tibial support rod 15a and knee joint fixing plate 13a located on the inner side of the femur or tibia to which the femoral fixing strap 11 and the tibial fixing strap 12 are connected will be described in detail hereinafter. Unless otherwise specified, the group on the lateral side of the femur or tibia is symmetrically identical to the medial group.

In the embodiment of fig. 1, the femoral support rod 14a and the femoral fixing strap 11 or the knee joint protection disk 13a are fixedly connected by means of rivets or other fixing devices; the tibia support rod 15a and the tibia fixing band 12 are fixedly connected by means of a rivet or other fixing device.

The tibia support rod is provided with a short shaft 151a towards the tail end of the knee joint protection disc 13a, and the short shaft 151a is perpendicular to the rod body. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4-5, the stub shaft 151a is a separate component that is fixedly attached to the distal end of the tibial bearing rod 15 a. Of course, the stub shaft 151a may also be integrally formed with the distal end of the tibial support post 15 a. The stub shaft 151a is used to engage the knee joint protection disk 13 a.

Each of the knee joint protection disks 13a includes a body made of a material having a certain strength, such as metal, ABS, ceramic, etc., to ensure structural stability. The knee protection plate 13a includes a J-shaped slot 131a for receiving the stub shaft 151a at the end of the tibial support post. As shown in the drawings, the J-shaped sliding groove 131a penetrates the thickness of the knee joint protection plate 13a, and alternatively, the J-shaped sliding groove 131a may be provided without penetrating so long as the short shaft 151a is reliably slid therein and is not easily disengaged. The brace of the present invention is secured to the lower limb of a user, and when the knee joint is flexed and extended, the tibial support bar 15a rotates relative to the femoral support bar 14a (and the knee protection plate 13a) about a short axis 151a, and at the same time, the short axis 151a moves along the J-shaped slot 131a to accommodate instantaneous changes in the tibia relative to the femur.

The J-shaped runner 131a includes a first end 1311a and a second end 1312a between which a J-shaped body runner track extends. The first end 1311a of the J-shaped sliding chute has an upwardly enlarged head space and is connected to the main body sliding chute track of the J-shaped sliding chute 131a through an arc-shaped transition surface, and functions such that when the lower limb is erected, the short shaft 151a at the end of the tibial support rod is received in the upwardly enlarged head space, abuts against the top of the head space to form a support, and smoothly enters the main body sliding chute track through the arc-shaped transition surface when the knee is bent.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the short shaft 151a includes an L-shaped structure, and a tail 1511a of the L-shaped structure passes through the J-shaped sliding slot 131a and extends along the surface of the knee protection plate 15a in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the J-shaped sliding slot to hook the surface of the knee protection plate 15a, so that the tibial support rod is not easily disconnected from the knee protection plate.

In order to prevent the movement of the knee from being hindered when extending or bending, it is preferable to select a friction-reducing material to form the short axis and/or the J-shaped sliding groove 131a, so that the knee extending or bending movement can be easily performed.

The knee joint protection disc 13a includes a tibial support bar mounting groove 132a on the body, the tibial support bar mounting groove 132a is recessed inward from one side of the body, and allows the entire thickness of the tibial support bar 15a to be accommodated in the mounting groove after the distal end of the tibial support bar 15a is snapped into the J-shaped sliding groove 131a, and the tibial support bar mounting groove 132a allows the tibial support bar 15a to reach any position of the J-shaped sliding groove 131 a. The body is also provided with a femoral support rod mounting slot 134a, the femoral support rod mounting slot 134a being adapted to receive the femoral support rod therein in a fixed position and in full thickness.

The femoral support rod 14a and the tibial support rod 15a are provided with arc-shaped profiles at the ends of the knee joint protection disc 13a so as to save the installation space to the maximum extent. In particular, the distal end of the tibial support rod 15a is circular arc-shaped, and at least a portion of the edge of the tibial support rod mounting groove 132a is disposed along an envelope curve of the circular arc-shaped distal end of the tibial support rod 15a when the tibial support rod moves along the J-shaped sliding groove.

In this way, the femoral support rod 14a and the tibial support rod 15a are preferably formed in a sheet shape, at least at the distal ends thereof, so as to reduce the thickness of the femoral fixing band 11, the tibial fixing band 12, and the knee joint protection plate 13a as a whole. This configuration is used in each of examples 1-3 and 5 (without limitation), and the configuration is varied in example 4 with respect to the motion requirements of the tibial support rod 15 a.

Preferably, shin bone bracing piece mounting groove and thighbone bracing piece mounting groove all set up same side of body. More preferably, the side surface is provided with a buffer layer 133a to partially cover the femoral support rod and the tibial support rod. In use, cushioning layer 133a is positioned proximate the knee to avoid abrasion or chafing of the skin or clothing.

Example 2

Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 shown in fig. 6 to 7 further comprises the patella corrector 16, the patella corrector 16 comprises a patella fixing ring 161 and two

elastic bands

162a and 162b, and at least one of the

elastic bands

162a or 162b is detachably connected with the knee joint protection disk, for example, an opening of the elastic band 162a is hung on a hook or a buckle arranged on the knee joint protection disk 13 a. A patella fixing ring 161 is fixedly arranged between the two

elastic bands

162a and 162 b. Preferably, the patella fixation ring 161 is made of a high-elasticity material flexible material. When the

elastic bands

162a and 162b are secured to the knee cap 13a, the patella securing ring 161 applies tension in a desired direction to create a tendency to deflect and thereby correct patellar dislocation or other patellar trauma. The length of the

elastic band

162a or 162b can be adjusted.

Example 3

In contrast to example 1, the femoral support rods in figures 8-9 are provided with length adjustment means. In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the length adjusting means 17a includes an adjusting disk 171a and a gear 172a, the femoral support rod is divided into upper and

lower sections

153a and 154a, each section has a rack 155a engaged with the gear 172a, and the adjusting disk is adapted to adjust the engagement position of the gear and the rack to adjust the overlapping length of the upper and

lower sections

153a and 154a, thereby adjusting the length of the femoral support rod.

Example 4

In contrast to embodiment 1, in embodiment 4 shown in fig. 10, the connection relationship between the tibial support rod 25a and the tibial fixation band 12 is a pivotal connection rather than a fixed connection, and a rod segment 251a of the tibial support rod 25a facing the tibial fixation band 12 is designed in a cylindrical shape to serve as a pivot axis of the tibial support rod 25a relative to the tibial fixation band 12.

Preferably, the end of the tibial support rod 25a connected to the knee protection plate is still plate-shaped and gradually forms a transition shape towards the rod segment 251 a.

The tibial fixation strap 12 is provided with a mounting seat 252a into which the rod segment 251a is inserted and rotatably supported by a bearing 253 a. Preferably, said rod segment 251a is terminated by an axially resilient spring means 254a to absorb axial shocks.

Preferably, an angle controller (not shown) is further disposed in the mounting seat 252a to control the angle of rotation of the tibial support rod 25a relative to the mounting seat 252 a. Thereby, the device can correct the displacement or behavior habit of the inner eight or outer eight type bone joints and allow the lower leg to naturally rotate outwards relative to the thigh in the bending process of the knee joint, particularly in the deep squatting action.

Example 5

In contrast to example 1, in example 5 shown in fig. 11, a knee assist half ring 18a and a knee assist half ring 18b are fixedly arranged between two femoral support rods and between two tibial support rods, respectively, for embracing the thigh or the calf, the knee assist half rings 18a and 18b are rigid structures and rigidly connected to the support rods, and at least one elastic band 19 is arranged between the upper knee assist half ring 18a and the lower knee assist half ring 18 b. In particular, the knee assistor half-rings 18a and 18b can simultaneously embrace from the front side of the thigh or calf and increase the amount of knee extension force by means of the elastic band 19; or simultaneously from the rear side of the thigh or lower leg and exercise the knee-stretching power and/or the knee-bending power by means of the elastic band 19.

Manufacturing method

In the lower limb orthopedic brace, the extension track of the J-shaped sliding groove in the knee joint protection disc needs to be manufactured individually for an individual, so that the individual comfort requirement can be met. Accordingly, the present invention provides a mapping apparatus for assisting in designing any of the aforementioned embodiments of an orthopedic brace for the lower extremities, comprising a color pen secured to the tibia perpendicularly toward the knee joint, and a color pad secured to the femur in engagement with the knee joint. By means of the surveying and mapping device, extended tracks of the J-shaped sliding grooves of the individual are drawn, and therefore the fact that the subsequently manufactured lower limb orthopedic brace provides optimal support and protection is guaranteed.

acquiring the knee joint protection disc with the J-shaped sliding groove by adopting a 3D printing, injection molding or machining mode based on the extension track; the method comprises the steps of obtaining an extension track of a J-shaped sliding chute of an individual, wherein the step of obtaining the extension track of the J-shaped sliding chute comprises the steps of attaching the color coating plate to the inner side or the outer side of the knee joint to be fixed to a femur, fixing the color coating pen to the tibia and pointing to the color coating plate; and (3) enabling the individual to perform knee bending and stretching actions, and enabling the color painting pen to form a track on the color painting plate. And in the process of forming the track, the painting pen is always kept perpendicular to the painting plate.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; the various embodiments are not mutually conflicting, and can be used singly or in any combination; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lower limb orthopedic brace is characterized by comprising a femur fixing strap for detachably winding and fixing on the periphery of femur, a tibia fixing strap for detachably winding and fixing on the periphery of tibia, and a pair of knee joint protection disks for arranging at the inner side and the outer side of knee joint,

the tail end of the tibial support rod comprises a short shaft perpendicular to the rod body, and each knee joint protection disc comprises a J-shaped sliding groove used for accommodating the short shaft at the tail end of the tibial support rod and enabling the short shaft to move along the J-shaped sliding groove;

the J-shaped sliding groove is designed in an auxiliary mode through a surveying and mapping device, the surveying and mapping device comprises a painting pen which is vertically fixed on a shin bone towards a knee joint, and a painting plate which is fixed on the shin bone and is attached to the shin bone, the painting pen is fixed on the shin bone and points to the painting plate, the painting pen forms an extending track aiming at the J-shaped sliding groove of an individual on the painting plate by enabling the individual to bend and stretch the knee, and the painting pen and the painting plate are kept perpendicular all the time in the process of forming the track.

2. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 1 wherein at least one of the stub shaft and/or the J-shaped runner includes a layer of friction reducing material.

3. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 1, wherein at least one of the femoral support rods is provided with a length adjustment mechanism adapted for manipulation.

4. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 3, wherein the length adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment disk and a gear, at least a portion of the femoral support rod including a rack, the adjustment disk adapted to adjust a position of engagement of the gear with the rack to adjust the length of the femoral support rod.

5. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 1, wherein a knee assist half ring is included between each of the two femoral support rods and the two tibial support rods, and an elastic band is disposed between the knee assist half rings.

6. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the tibial support rod is pivotable about its own axis relative to the tibial fixation strap.

7. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claim 6, wherein the lower end of the tibial support post is pivotally and non-removably mounted in a mounting block, the mounting block being secured to the tibial retaining strap, the mounting block having an angular control for the tibial support post disposed therein.

8. The lower extremity orthopedic brace of claims 1, 3, or 6, further comprising a patellar brace, the patellar brace including a patellar retaining ring and two elastic straps, the elastic straps releasably securing the patellar retaining ring to the knee protection plate.

9. A method of manufacturing the lower extremity orthopedic brace of any of the preceding claims, comprising

Acquiring an extension track of a J-shaped chute for an individual;

and acquiring the knee joint protection disc with the J-shaped sliding groove by adopting a 3D printing, injection molding or machining mode based on the extension track.