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CN111028976B - Back silver paste for all-aluminum back surface field solar cell - Google Patents

Back silver paste for all-aluminum back surface field solar cell Download PDF

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CN111028976B
CN111028976B CN201911248109.6A CN201911248109A CN111028976B CN 111028976 B CN111028976 B CN 111028976B CN 201911248109 A CN201911248109 A CN 201911248109A CN 111028976 B CN111028976 B CN 111028976B
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silver
powder
parts
alloy
bismuth
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CN111028976A (en
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朱鹏
杨贵忠
陈艳美
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Nantong Aisheng New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Nantong T-Sun New Energy Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种全铝背场太阳能电池用背面银浆，该背面银浆按重量份计，其制备原料包括高活性银粉、银‑X合金粉、铋粉、玻璃粉和有机载体，本发明的铝背场太阳能电池用背面银浆中添加的高活性银粉的添加量为20～40份，相较于常规全铝背场用银浆添加银粉的含量为50～60份，本发明银粉的使用量大大减少降低了生产成本，通过添加银铋合金克服了浆料体系中降低高活性银粉量的使用会出现拉力和电性能降低的问题，使用本发明的太阳能电池的拉力在3N以上、光电转换效率为19～20％，其中银铋合金粉的使用由于铋的熔点低，270℃烧结的时候融化的铋水进入银铝间隙形成一层中间阻隔层，防止银铝合金的形成，从而提高可焊性。The invention discloses a backside silver paste for an all-aluminum backfield solar cell. The backside silver paste is prepared in parts by weight, and its preparation raw materials include high-activity silver powder, silver-X alloy powder, bismuth powder, glass powder and organic carrier. The added amount of the highly active silver powder added to the backside silver paste for aluminum back field solar cells of the invention is 20 to 40 parts, compared to 50 to 60 parts of the silver powder added to the conventional all-aluminum back field silver paste. The silver powder of the present invention The usage amount is greatly reduced and the production cost is reduced. By adding the silver-bismuth alloy, the problem of reducing the tensile force and the electrical performance of reducing the amount of the high-active silver powder in the slurry system is overcome. The tensile force of the solar cell of the present invention is above 3N, The photoelectric conversion efficiency is 19-20%. The use of silver-bismuth alloy powder is due to the low melting point of bismuth. When sintered at 270 °C, the molten bismuth water enters the silver-aluminum gap to form an intermediate barrier layer to prevent the formation of silver-aluminum alloy. Improve solderability.

Description

Back silver paste for all-aluminum back surface field solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polymer-based conductive materials, in particular to back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell.
Background
Along with the increasing serious environmental pollution and the deepening of low-carbon environmental protection concept, safe, clean and efficient energy is favored by people. Among them, the crystalline silicon solar cell technology has been paid much attention as the mainstream of the solar technology development, and the conversion efficiency of the cell is continuously improved through the continuous research on the solar cell technology.
Solar cells are devices that convert light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect. The working principle of the photoelectric effect solar cell is as follows: when sunlight irradiates on a p-n junction of a crystalline silicon semiconductor, a new hole-electron pair is formed, under the action of a p-n junction electric field, holes flow from an n region to a p region, electrons flow from the p region to the n region, and current is formed after a circuit is switched on.
In order to lead out the current generated by the solar cell, positive and negative electrodes are required to be manufactured on the surface of the solar cell, and the negative electrode is a back main grid manufactured by printing and sintering solar cell conductive paste and plays a role in converging and leading out the current collected by an aluminum back field. The back electrode plays an important role in further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin-wire dense-grid high-sheet-resistance cell by matching with the front electrode conductive silver paste.
The back electrode slurry of the solar cell mainly comprises conductive metal powder (such as high-activity silver powder), an organic carrier, glass powder, an additive and the like. The high-activity silver powder is used as a conductive medium, and the glass powder is melted during high-temperature sintering to form ohmic contact between the high-activity silver powder and the semiconductor silicon substrate; the organic carrier plays a role in dispersing and wrapping the high-activity silver powder particles, so that the high-activity silver powder in the conductive silver paste is not easy to precipitate and oxidize; in order to improve the printing effect, a certain amount of additives are usually added into the slurry, so that the sinking resistance and sagging resistance of the slurry are improved, the fluidity of the silver slurry is increased, the proper and stable fluidity is maintained, the quality of screen printing can be ensured, and a main grid with a relatively ideal aspect ratio is obtained; however, in addition to the performance indexes of the back electrode paste, such as composition, printability, adhesion, consumption, weldability, and the like, the performance of the back electrode paste to assist in reducing the series resistance (Rs) of the solar cell is also becoming a key index for the back electrode paste in the investigation of cell manufacturers. However, the low contact resistance of the prior art backside silver paste still remains to be improved. In addition, the glass powder used in the solar cell conductive silver paste in the prior art is usually lead-containing mixed powder, and although the glass powder has low softening temperature and good electrical property stability, the glass powder has high lead content, seriously pollutes the environment and does not meet the requirement of environmental protection.
The conventional battery structure of the common back silver paste is characterized in that the back silver paste is directly printed on a P-type silicon substrate, so that an aluminum back field of a back silver electrode area is lost, the area printed with the back silver electrode becomes an invalid composite area, and due to the migration effect of silver ions, the mutual diffusion of silver and aluminum is serious, so that the weldability is poor, the collection rate of a battery on minority carriers is reduced, the open-circuit voltage of the battery is reduced, the short-circuit current is reduced, and finally the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is reduced. Therefore, if the structure can be changed, the compactness of the aluminum back surface field is improved, the back surface silver electrode can be well attached to the aluminum back surface field, so that a BSF layer is formed in the back surface silver area, the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the prepared solar cell can be improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the back silver paste for the full-aluminum back surface field solar cell provided by the invention can improve the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current of the prepared solar cell, effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell, improve the welding performance, enable the back silver paste to be on the back aluminum layer, form a complete BSF layer in a back silver area, and increase the contact area of the back silver paste and a back aluminum electrode, thereby improving the open-circuit voltage of the prepared solar cell.
The invention comprises the following contents:
the invention aims to provide a back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, which has the technical points that: the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of high-activity silver powder, 2-70 parts of silver-X alloy powder, 5-30 parts of bismuth powder, 1-10 parts of glass powder and 20-30 parts of an organic carrier.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the silver-X alloy powder, the element X is a metal element having a melting point lower than that of silver and capable of forming an alloy with silver.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the metal element X is at least one of magnesium, strontium, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, ruthenium, lithium, cesium, gallium, indium, germanium, lanthanum, cerium, europium, and ytterbium.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the highly reactive silver powder has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 μm and a bulk density of 1.40 to 1.90g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 2.0-4.1 g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 0.5-5 cm2/g。
In one embodiment of the present invention, the silver-X alloy powder contains the metal X in an amount of 5 to 50 wt% based on the silver-X alloy powder, and the silver-X alloy powder has an average particle size of 0.1 to 5.0 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the bismuth powder is 0.5-30 μm, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 0.1-1 wt%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 4.5-5.5 g/cm3。
In some embodiments of the invention, the organic vehicle comprises a resin and an organic solvent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin is at least one of an ethyl cellulose resin, a nitrocellulose resin, an alkyd resin, or an acrylic resin.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic solvent is at least one of terpineol, butyl carbitol acetate, n-butanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the glass powder has an average particle size of 0.2 to 3 μm, a softening temperature of 420 to 640 ℃, a crystallization temperature of 650 to 730 ℃, and is mainly composed of, by weight, 10 to 60 parts of copper oxide, 1 to 20 parts of silicon oxide, 1 to 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 1 to 15 parts of manganese oxide, 5 to 25 parts of bismuth oxide, 1 to 20 parts of boric acid, and 1 to 10 parts of lithium carbonate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the weight part of the high-activity silver powder added into the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell is 20-40 parts, and compared with the weight part of the high-activity silver powder added into the conventional silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field, the weight part is 50-60 parts, so that the cost is greatly reduced;
2. according to the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, the silver-X alloy is added, wherein the element X is a metal element which has a melting point smaller than that of silver and can form an alloy with the silver, and the problem of reduction of tensile force and electrical property due to reduction of high-activity silver powder in a paste system is solved due to the addition of the silver-X alloy, so that the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell is printed on a back all-aluminum electrode, the back welding tensile force of the solar cell can be more than 3N, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 19-20%.
3. The silver-X alloy used for the back silver paste for the full-aluminum back surface field solar cell is characterized in that the element X is a metal element which has a melting point smaller than that of silver and can form an alloy with the silver, and the melted X metal enters silver-aluminum gaps during sintering to form an intermediate barrier layer, so that the formation of silver-aluminum alloy is prevented, and the weldability is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further understood by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. To the extent that a definition of a particular term disclosed in the prior art is inconsistent with any definitions provided herein, the definition of the term provided herein controls.
As used herein, a feature that does not define a singular or plural form is also intended to include a plural form of the feature unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the term "prepared from …," as used herein, is synonymous with "comprising," including, "comprising," "having," "including," and/or "containing," when used in this specification means that the recited composition, step, method, article, or device is present, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other compositions, steps, methods, articles, or devices. Furthermore, the use of "preferred," "preferably," "more preferred," etc., when describing embodiments of the present application, is meant to refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits, under certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. In addition, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 20-40 parts of high-activity silver powder, 2-70 parts of silver-X alloy powder, 5-30 parts of bismuth powder, 1-10 parts of glass powder and 20-30 parts of an organic carrier.
In some preferred embodiments, the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell is prepared from, by weight, 25-35 parts of high-activity silver powder, 30-40 parts of silver-X alloy powder, 15-20 parts of bismuth powder, 4-8 parts of glass powder and 22-28 parts of organic carrier.
Metal powder
In the formula system of the invention, the used technical powder is as follows: high-activity silver powder, silver-X alloy powder and bismuth powder.
The silver-X alloy powder can be at least one of silver-magnesium alloy, silver-strontium alloy, silver-lead alloy, silver-zinc alloy, silver-tin alloy, silver-antimony alloy, silver-bismuth alloy, silver-ruthenium alloy, silver-lithium alloy, silver-cesium alloy, silver-gallium alloy, silver-indium alloy, silver-germanium alloy, silver-cerium alloy, silver-europium alloy and silver-ytterbium alloy.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the content of the metal X in the silver-X alloy powder is 5 to 50 wt% of the silver-X alloy powder, and the average particle size of the silver-X alloy powder is 0.1 to 5.0 μm, and more preferably, the average particle size of the silver-X alloy powder is 3 μm.
When the grain size of the silver-X alloy powder is less than 0.1 mu m, the safety problem is easy to occur in the production process, the explosion probability is increased, and when the grain size of the Al-Si alloy powder is more than 5 mu m, the gap between the powder of the silver-X alloy powder and the full aluminum back field is enlarged, the contact is uneven, the contact resistivity is large, and the local recombination is increased.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the highly reactive silver powder has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 μm and a bulk density of 1.40 to 1.90g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 2.0-4.1 g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 0.5-5 cm2/g。
In some embodiments of the invention, the bismuth powder has a particle size of 0.5 to 30 μm, and the bismuth powder is a bismuth powderThe oxygen content in the powder is 0.1-1%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 4.5-5.5 g/cm3。
The applicant finds that when high-activity silver powder, silver-X alloy powder and bismuth powder are added in a certain proportion, the conductivity of the back silver paste applied to a solar cell can be improved, the compactness of the silver powder is increased, the tension of the applied solar cell is improved by more than 3N, the requirement on a preparation process is reduced, and more energy and cost can be saved; the bismuth powder supplements low-melting-point metal powder in the silver-X alloy powder, so that the flowing temperature of the silver paste in the sintering step is lower, and the formation of silver-aluminum alloy is better avoided. Through a large number of experiments, the applicant finds that when the weight ratio of the high-activity silver powder to the silver-X alloy powder to the bismuth powder is (20-40): (2-70): (5-30), the electrical property of the solar cell can be guaranteed, the preparation process can be improved, the energy consumption and the cost are reduced, when the using amount of bismuth powder is too much, the thickness of a middle blocking layer between silver and aluminum is higher, so that the contact resistance is increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is reduced, otherwise, when the using amount is too little, effective blocking cannot be achieved, silver and aluminum are diffused mutually, the weldability obtained by using the slurry is poor, a back silver paste area is an ineffective composite area, the collection rate of minority carriers is reduced, the open-circuit voltage is reduced, and finally the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is reduced.
Organic vehicle
The organic component is used as a carrier of the slurry, so that metal powder and other solid matters are uniformly dispersed in the slurry and can be stably stored, and after printing and sintering, the organic component is used for preparing a high-performance grid line, wherein the organic carrier comprises a mixture of resin and an organic solvent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin is at least one of 5 to 30 parts of ethyl cellulose resin, 2 to 10 parts of cellulose nitrate resin, 3 to 30 parts of alkyd resin, or 1 to 10 parts of acrylic resin.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of 20 to 80 parts of terpineol, 10 to 60 parts of butyl carbitol, 10 to 50 parts of butyl carbitol acetate, 10 to 30 parts of n-butanol, 10 to 30 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and 10 to 30 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
The applicant finds that all components in the organic components are polar substances, the organic components have certain compatibility with inorganic substances, the existence of the dispersing agent can further improve the uniform dispersion of inorganic powder in an organic carrier, so that the slurry is neutral and stable in the storage process and does not have layering, back silver grid lines with high welding performance can be prepared in the subsequent printing step, organic phases in the silver paste are volatilized or decomposed after high-temperature sintering, and the back silver grid lines with compact arrangement of internal metal powder and tight adhesion with the surface of the solar cell are left.
Glass powder
In some embodiments of the present invention, the average particle size of the glass powder is 0.2 to 3 μm, the softening temperature of the glass powder is 420 to 640 ℃, the crystallization temperature of the glass powder is 650 to 730 ℃, and the glass powder mainly comprises, by weight, 10 to 60 parts of copper oxide, 1 to 20 parts of silicon oxide, 1 to 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 1 to 15 parts of manganese oxide, 5 to 25 parts of bismuth oxide, 1 to 20 parts of boric acid, and 1 to 10 parts of lithium carbonate.
In some preferred embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the high-activity glass powder comprise, by weight, 35 parts of copper oxide, 10 parts of silicon oxide, 5 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of manganese oxide, 15 parts of bismuth oxide, 10 parts of boric acid and 5 parts of lithium carbonate.
In some preferred embodiments, the glass frit has an average particle size of 0.7 μm and a softening temperature of 700 ℃.
The applicant finds that the glass powder has low activity, reduces the damage to a BSF layer, can effectively prevent silver and aluminum from inter-diffusing to form silver-aluminum alloy, improves the weldability of the slurry, reduces surface recombination and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
The preparation method of the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back field comprises the following steps: and after the organic components are uniformly mixed to obtain an organic mixture, adding glass powder and bismuth powder into the organic mixture, dispersing and mixing uniformly, then adding silver-X alloy powder and silver powder, continuously dispersing and mixing, and grinding in a three-roller machine after mixing is finished to obtain the silver-X alloy powder.
Examples
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples. Unless otherwise specified, the starting materials in the present invention are all commercially available.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, which is prepared from, by weight, 30 parts of high-activity silver powder, 36 parts of silver-bismuth alloy, 33 parts of bismuth powder, 5 parts of glass powder and 25 parts of an organic vehicle.
Wherein the average grain diameter of the high-activity silver powder is 1 mu m, and the apparent density of the high-activity silver powder is 1.7g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 3g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 2.5cm2/g。
Wherein, in the silver bismuth alloy, the content of the metal bismuth accounts for 25 wt% of the silver bismuth alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver bismuth alloy is 3 μm.
Wherein the grain size of the bismuth powder is 15 μm, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 0.55 wt%, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 0.1-1%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 5g/cm3。
Wherein the organic vehicle comprises a resin and an organic solvent.
Wherein the resin comprises 15 parts of ethyl cellulose resin and 5 parts of acrylic resin.
Wherein the organic solvent is 50 parts of terpineol, 35 parts of butyl carbitol and 30 parts of butyl carbitol acetate.
The glass powder is characterized by mainly comprising, by weight, 35 parts of copper oxide, 10 parts of silicon oxide, 5 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of manganese oxide, 15 parts of bismuth oxide, 10 parts of boric acid and 5 parts of lithium carbonate, wherein the average particle size of the glass powder is 1.6 mu m, the softening temperature of the glass powder is 530 ℃, the crystallization temperature of the glass powder is 690 ℃.
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 2
The conditions in example 2 were similar to those in example 1, and the "silver bismuth alloy" was replaced with "silver zinc alloy", wherein the content of the metallic bismuth in the silver bismuth alloy was 25 wt% of the silver bismuth alloy, and the average grain size of the silver bismuth alloy was 3 μm. The content of the metal zinc in the silver-zinc alloy accounts for 10 wt% of the silver-bismuth alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-zinc alloy is 2 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion efficiency is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is more than 3N.
Example 3
The conditions in example 3 were similar to those in example 1, and the "silver bismuth alloy" was replaced with "silver magnesium alloy", wherein the content of the metallic bismuth in the silver bismuth alloy was 25 wt% of the silver bismuth alloy, and the average grain size of the silver bismuth alloy was 3 μm. The content of the metal magnesium in the silver-magnesium alloy accounts for 20 wt% of the silver-bismuth alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-magnesium alloy is 0.5 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 4
Embodiment 4 provides a back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, which is prepared from, by weight, 20 parts of high-activity silver powder, 70 parts of silver-calcium alloy, 15 parts of bismuth powder, 1 part of glass powder and 20 parts of an organic vehicle.
Wherein the average particle diameter of the high-activity silver powder is 0.1 mu m, and the apparent density of the high-activity silver powder is 1.40g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 2.6g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 0.4cm2/g。
In the silver-strontium alloy, the content of the metal strontium accounts for 5 wt% of the silver-calcium alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-strontium alloy is 5.0 μm.
Wherein the grain size of the bismuth powder is 0.5 mu m, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 0.1-1%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 4.5g/cm3。
Wherein the organic vehicle comprises a resin and an organic solvent.
Wherein the resin comprises 30 parts of ethyl cellulose resin and 10 parts of nitrocellulose resin.
Wherein the organic solvent comprises 80 parts of terpineol, 10 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and 10 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
The glass powder is mainly composed of, by weight, 60 parts of copper oxide, 1 part of silicon oxide, 1 part of aluminum oxide, 1 part of manganese oxide, 5 parts of bismuth oxide, 1 part of boric acid and 1 part of lithium carbonate, wherein the average particle size of the glass powder is 0.2 mu m, the softening temperature of the glass powder is 420 ℃, and the crystallization temperature of the glass powder is 650 ℃.
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 5
The conditions in example 5 were similar to those in example 4, and "silver-strontium alloy" was replaced by "silver-antimony alloy", wherein "the content of metal strontium in the silver-strontium alloy was 5 wt% of the silver-calcium alloy, and the average grain size of the silver-calcium alloy was 5.0 μm. The method is characterized in that the content of the metal antimony in the silver-antimony alloy accounts for 20 wt% of the silver-antimony alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-antimony alloy is 0.3 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 6
The conditions in example 6 were similar to those in example 4, in which "silver strontium alloy" was replaced with "silver ruthenium alloy", and "wherein the content of the metal strontium in the silver strontium alloy was 5 wt% of the silver strontium alloy, and the average grain size of the silver strontium alloy was 5.0 μm. The content of the metal ruthenium in the silver ruthenium alloy accounts for 30 wt% of the silver ruthenium alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver ruthenium alloy is 3 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 7
Embodiment 7 provides a back silver paste for an all-aluminum back surface field solar cell, which is prepared from, by weight, 40 parts of high-activity silver powder, 2 parts of silver-indium alloy, 30 parts of bismuth powder, 10 parts of glass powder and 30 parts of an organic vehicle.
Wherein the average particle diameter of the high-activity silver powder is 2.0 μm, and the apparent density of the high-activity silver powder is 1.90g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 4.1g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 0.6cm2/g。
Wherein, in the silver-indium alloy, the content of the metal indium accounts for 50 wt% of the silver-indium alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-indium alloy is 5.0 μm.
Wherein the grain diameter of the bismuth powder is 30 μm, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 1%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 5.5g/cm3。
Wherein the organic vehicle comprises a resin and an organic solvent.
Wherein the resin comprises 5 parts of ethyl cellulose resin, 2 parts of cellulose nitrate resin and 30 parts of alkyd resin.
Wherein the organic solvent is 20 parts of terpineol, 60 parts of butyl carbitol, 50 parts of butyl carbitol acetate, 30 parts of n-butyl alcohol, 30 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and 30 parts of ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
The glass powder mainly comprises, by weight, 10 parts of copper oxide, 20 parts of silicon oxide, 10 parts of aluminum oxide, 15 parts of manganese oxide, 25 parts of bismuth oxide, 20 parts of boric acid and 10 parts of lithium carbonate, wherein the average particle size of the glass powder is 0.2 mu m, the softening temperature of the glass powder is 640 ℃, and the crystallization temperature of the glass powder is 730 ℃.
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 8
The conditions in example 8 were similar to those in example 7, and "silver indium alloy" was replaced with "silver germanium alloy", wherein "the content of metallic indium in the silver indium alloy was 50 wt% of the silver indium alloy, and the average grain size of the silver indium alloy was 5.0 μm. The content of the metal germanium in the silver-germanium alloy accounts for 40 wt% of the silver-antimony alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver-germanium alloy is 2 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
Example 9
The conditions in example 9 were similar to those in example 7, in which "silver-indium alloy" was replaced with "silver-europium alloy", and "silver-indium alloy" contained indium in an amount of 50 wt% and had an average particle diameter of 5.0 μm. The silver europium alloy is replaced by the formula, wherein the content of the metal europium in the silver europium alloy accounts for 40 wt% of the silver europium alloy, and the average grain diameter of the silver europium alloy is 3 mu m. "
And standing the prepared slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, standing the slurry for 24 hours at the temperature of minus 20 +/-2 ℃, taking out the slurry to return to the room temperature, observing the properties of the slurry, and avoiding the phenomenon of layering.
The full-aluminum back surface field is printed on a solar cell by back silver paste, and the printed fine grid is observed by naked eyes, so that the appearance is smooth and flat. The contact photoelectric conversion rate is tested to be more than 19%, and the tensile force is tested to be more than 3N.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a back silver thick liquid for full aluminium back of body field solar cell which characterized in that: the back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell comprises the following preparation raw materials, by weight, 20-40 parts of high-activity silver powder, 2-70 parts of silver-X alloy powder, 5-30 parts of bismuth powder, 1-10 parts of glass powder and 20-30 parts of an organic carrier;
in the silver-X alloy powder, the element X is a metal element which has a melting point smaller than that of silver and can form an alloy with the silver;
the metal element X is at least one of magnesium, strontium, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, ruthenium, lithium, cesium, gallium, indium, germanium, lanthanum, cerium, europium and ytterbium;
the weight of the metal X accounts for 5-50 wt% of the weight of the silver-X alloy powder, and the average grain diameter of the silver-X alloy powder is 0.1-5.0 mu m;
the organic carrier comprises resin and organic solvent; the resin is at least one of ethyl cellulose resin, cellulose nitrate resin, alkyd resin or acrylic resin; the organic solvent is at least one of terpineol, butyl carbitol, n-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and ethylene glycol phenyl ether.
2. The back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the back silver paste comprises: the average grain diameter of the high-activity silver powder is 0.1 to2.0 mu m, and the apparent density of the high-activity silver powder is 1.40-1.90 g/cm3The tap density of the high-activity silver powder is 2.0-4.1 g/cm3The specific surface area of the high-activity silver powder is 0.5-5 cm2/g。
3. The back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the back silver paste comprises: the particle size of the bismuth powder is 0.5-30 mu m, the oxygen content in the bismuth powder is 0.1-1 wt%, and the bulk density of the bismuth powder is 4.5-5.5 g/cm3。
4. The back silver paste for the all-aluminum back surface field solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the back silver paste comprises: the glass powder is characterized in that the average particle size of the glass powder is 0.2-3 mu m, the softening temperature of the glass powder is 420-640 ℃, the crystallization temperature of the glass powder is 650-730 ℃, and the glass powder mainly comprises, by weight, 10-60 parts of copper oxide, 1-20 parts of silicon oxide, 1-10 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-15 parts of manganese oxide, 5-25 parts of bismuth oxide, 1-20 parts of boric acid and 1-10 parts of lithium carbonate.
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