CN111024590B - Site measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil body - Google Patents
Site measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111024590B CN111024590B CN202010034046.0A CN202010034046A CN111024590B CN 111024590 B CN111024590 B CN 111024590B CN 202010034046 A CN202010034046 A CN 202010034046A CN 111024590 B CN111024590 B CN 111024590B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil bodies, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The device comprises a soil body fixing device, a water storage device, a penetrating device and a bottom supporting device, wherein the penetrating device is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting device, the soil body fixing device is obliquely arranged in the penetrating device, and the water storage device is fixedly arranged on the penetrating device. The penetration test device can well fix soil in the process of testing, and solves the problem of disturbance of the original test on a soil sample structure; different test methods can be selected according to the property of the soil body to carry out a plurality of groups of tests, so that the obtained tests are closer to the actual value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil bodies, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering.
Background
Permeability refers to the ability of a material, such as soil and porous rock, to allow water to pass through, to move net by concentration differences without damaging the media construction. The permeability is proportional to how much solute molecules or ions cause osmotic pressure. Factors influencing the permeability of the soil body are numerous, such as the type, density, stress state, flow state of water, hydraulic gradient and the like of the soil body. The permeability of the soil body plays an important role in the stability research of soil body slope engineering. The permeability coefficient K is an index for comprehensively reflecting the permeability of the soil body, and the correct determination of the numerical value of the permeability coefficient K has very important significance for the permeability calculation. Many factors influencing the permeability coefficient are dependent on the shape, size, non-uniformity coefficient of soil particles, viscosity of water, etc., and it is difficult to establish an accurate theoretical formula for calculating the permeability coefficient K, and the K value can be usually determined by test methods including laboratory measurement and field measurement or empirical estimation.
The method for measuring the permeability coefficient mainly comprises two main types of 'laboratory measurement' and 'field on-site measurement'. The types of instruments and test methods for measuring the permeability coefficient k in a laboratory are numerous, but the principle of the test can be roughly divided into a constant head method and a variable head method. However, the laboratory measurement method has large disturbance degree on the soil sample, so that the original composition structure of the soil body is seriously damaged, and most of the soil body in the actual site is an inhomogeneous soil body, so that the test result is greatly different from the true value of the soil body in the site. The field on-site measurement method generally adopts pilot hole water seepage test, and is a simple method for measuring permeability coefficients of a loose layer and a rock stratum of the gas-covered zone in the field. The pilot hole water penetration test is commonly carried out by the "pilot hole method", "single ring method" and "double ring method". Compared with a laboratory measurement method, the method can solve the defect of large disturbance degree to the soil sample, can reserve the original composition structure of the field soil to the greatest extent, and can obtain the permeability coefficient of the soil more accurately. However, the field measurement method has the defects of time consumption, labor consumption, high cost, easiness in being influenced by seasons and the like, and is unreasonable for a general small engineering to use the field measurement method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects that a laboratory measuring method has large disturbance degree on a soil sample and a group of tests can only measure a homogeneous soil mass and the defects that a field measuring method is time-consuming, laborious, high in cost and easily affected by seasons in the prior art, the invention provides a field measuring discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing the soil mass, and the invention well solves the disturbance problem of the original test on the soil sample structure; a group of tests can be measured multiple times by using different methods and are applicable to various soil bodies; the test device is simple and convenient to install, the use method is simple, time and labor are saved, and the test result is closer to the actual field result.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the technical problems that:
The utility model provides a can fix on-spot measurement bulk material infiltration test device of soil body, includes soil body fixing device 1, water storage device 2, infiltration device 3 and bottom supporting device 4, and infiltration device 3 sets up on bottom supporting device 4 top, and soil body fixing device 1 slope sets up in infiltration device 3, and water storage device 2 is fixed to be set up on infiltration device 3.
The water storage device 2 comprises a Marshall bottle 18 and a water storage cylinder, the water storage cylinder is arranged at the top end of the permeation device 3, the Marshall bottle 18 is arranged on the side of the water storage cylinder, the bottom end of the Marshall bottle 18 is higher than the top end of the water storage cylinder, and the bottom of the Marshall bottle 18 is communicated with a water inlet 25 at the top of the water storage cylinder through a water pipe 23.
Further, the mahalanobis bottle 18 is arranged on the bottom supporting device 4 through a bracket 24, a filter screen 21 is arranged in a water pipe 23, the filter screen 21 is close to a water outlet 20 at the bottom of the mahalanobis bottle 18, a water outlet pipe communicated with the water storage barrel is arranged at the bottom side end of the water storage barrel, an outlet of the water outlet pipe is positioned above the penetrating device 3, and a water stop switch 19 is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
Further, the water inlet 25 of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressurizer interface 26, the top end of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge 38, the water storage device 2 further comprises a water pressurizer 29, the water pressurizer 29 is arranged on the bottom supporting device 4, and the water pressurizer 29 is communicated with the pressurizer interface 26 through a pressurizing pipeline 27; the bracket 24 is provided with a bearing plate 22, and the mahalanobis bottle 18 is provided on the bearing plate 22.
Further, the infiltration device 3 includes infiltration section of thick bamboo, permeable stone 14, top cap and bottom plate 40, soil body fixing device 1 slope sets up in infiltration section of thick bamboo, the top of setting in infiltration section of thick bamboo can be dismantled to the top cap, a plurality of hole that permeates water has evenly been seted up on the top cap, the diameter of permeable stone 14 and permeable stone 14 is greater than the aperture of hole that permeates water has evenly been laid on the top cap, the export of outlet pipe is located directly over permeable stone 14 on the top cap, bottom plate 40 can dismantle the bottom that sets up in infiltration section of thick bamboo, the diameter of permeable stone plate and permeable stone plate has been laid on the bottom plate 40 is the same with the internal diameter of infiltration section of thick bamboo.
Furthermore, spring buckles are uniformly arranged on the edge of the top cover, and the top cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the permeation cylinder through the spring buckles; the edge of the bottom plate 40 is uniformly provided with a buckle 39, the outer wall of the bottom end of the permeation tube is provided with a buckle, the buckle 39 is connected with the buckle of the outer wall of the permeation tube, and the bottom plate 40 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the permeation tube through the buckle 39 and the buckle of the outer wall of the permeation tube; the outer wall of the permeation tube is fixedly provided with a handle 15, a water storage device fixing groove 13 is formed in the top cover of the permeation tube, and the bottom side wall of the water storage device 2 is arranged in the water storage device fixing groove 13.
Still further, soil body fixing device 1 includes support frame, soil body fixed network 10, telescopic link, and the fixed setting in support frame in soil body fixed network 10 both ends edge, and the one end of support frame sets up on the telescopic link, and the other end of support frame is fixed to be set up in the bottom of infiltration section of thick bamboo, and the bottom mounting of telescopic link sets up in the bottom of infiltration section of thick bamboo.
Still further, the support frame includes support horizontal pole I, support horizontal pole II 12, right angle joint pipe 5, adjusting tube I6, adjusting tube II 9, straight tube 11, support horizontal pole I and support horizontal pole II 12 parallel arrangement, soil body fixed network 10 winding sets up on support horizontal pole I and support horizontal pole II 12, both ends of support horizontal pole I and support horizontal pole II 12 all are provided with right angle joint pipe 5, right angle joint pipe 5 below at support horizontal pole I both ends and adjusting tube I6's top fixed connection, adjusting tube I6's bottom inserts and establishes in adjusting tube II 9 and can reciprocate in adjusting tube II 9, a plurality of regulation screw hole 7 have evenly been seted up vertically to adjusting tube II's lateral wall, adjusting tube I6 passes through adjusting screw hole 7 interior bolt 8 fixed setting in adjusting tube II 9's top; the bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with an adjusting tube fixing groove 16, the bottom end of an adjusting tube II 9 is inserted into the adjusting tube fixing groove 16 at the bottom end of the permeation tube, the lower part of the right-angle joint tube 5 at the two ends of the supporting cross rod II 12 is fixedly connected with the straight tube 11, the bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with a straight tube fixing groove 17, and the bottom end of the straight tube 11 is inserted into the straight tube fixing groove 17 at the bottom end of the permeation tube.
Still further, bottom supporting device 4 includes the bearing box, the center of bearing box is provided with infiltration mouth 41, the aperture of infiltration mouth 41 is less than the diameter of permeable stone plate, the bottom setting of a plurality of infiltration device 3 is on the bearing box and infiltration device 3 is located infiltration mouth 41 directly over, the bottom lateral wall of bearing box is provided with the constant head drainage interface 31 with the interior intercommunication of bearing box, the other end and the drainage flexible pipe intercommunication of constant head drainage interface 31, the other end and the top intercommunication of graduated flask 35 of drainage flexible pipe are provided with flowmeter 32 on the drain pipe, be provided with on the diapire of bearing box with the interior intercommunication of bearing variable head drainage interface 36, variable head drainage interface 36 external head survey pipe 30.
Still further, support bell and spigot 28 is still provided with on the bearing box top, and the bottom of support 24 inserts and establishes in support bell and spigot 28, still is provided with the stagnant water clamp 34 on the drain pipe, is provided with variable head stagnant water switch 33 on the head survey pipe 30, and the bottom of bearing box is provided with wheel 37.
The adjusting pipe II 9 is fixed, the adjusting pipe I6 can be adjusted up and down according to different gradients, and the adjusting pipe I6 is fixed through the bolts 8 so as to fix soil;
The soil body fixed net 10: the soil body can be fixed, and the original structure of the soil body can not be damaged;
The support cross bar I and the support cross bar II 12 are as follows: a fixed soil body fixing net 10;
the permeable stone 14 can permeate water and can also bear the weight of a soil sample;
the handle 15, the buckle 39 and the bottom plate 40 can more conveniently move the infiltration device filled with soil body to the bottom supporting device;
The adjusting pipe fixing groove 16 can fix an adjusting pipe, and the straight pipe fixing groove 17 can fix a straight pipe;
The filter screen 21 can filter impurities in water to avoid errors caused by impurities;
the water pressurizer 29 pressurizes the filtered water by pressurizing air in the water reservoir;
The flowmeter 32 can record the water permeability over a predetermined time period;
the wheels 37 allow for a more effort-efficient movement of the device;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing the soil body can well fix the soil body in the process of testing, and solves the problem of disturbance of the original test on a soil sample structure;
(2) According to the field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing the soil body, different test methods can be selected according to the property of the soil body to carry out a plurality of groups of tests, so that the obtained tests are closer to an actual value;
(3) According to the field measurement discrete material infiltration test device capable of fixing soil, disclosed by the invention, the Margaret bottle and the pressurizer are additionally arranged, so that the test keeps constant flow rate and pressure, and the test error is reduced as far as possible;
(4) The field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil bodies is simple and convenient to install and detach, and the use method is simple, time-saving and labor-saving.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil bodies;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a field measurement bulk material penetration test apparatus capable of securing soil;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a permeation device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of a soil body fixing device and a penetrating device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a soil body fixing device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bottom support structure;
In the figure: 1-soil body fixing device, 2-water storage device, 3-penetrating device, 4-bottom supporting device, 5-right-angle joint pipe, 6-adjusting pipe I, 7-adjusting threaded hole, 8-bolt, 9-adjusting pipe II, 10-soil body fixing net, 11-straight pipe, 12-supporting cross bar II, 13-water storage device fixing groove, 14-water permeable stone plate, 15-handle, 16-adjusting pipe fixing groove, 17-straight pipe fixing groove, 18-Marshall bottle, 19-water stop switch, 20-water outlet, 21-filter screen, 22-bearing plate, 23-water pipe, 24-bracket, 25-water inlet, 26-pressurizer interface, 27-pressurizing pipeline, 28-bracket faucet, 29-pressurizer, 30-water head measuring pipe, 31-constant water head drainage interface, 32-flowmeter, 33-water head water stop switch, 34-water stop clamp, 35-measuring cup, 36-water head drainage interface, 37-wheel, 38-manometer, 39-buckle, 40-cover plate, 41-inlet.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a field measurement discrete material infiltration test device capable of fixing soil bodies comprises a soil body fixing device 1, a water storage device 2, an infiltration device 3 and a bottom supporting device 4, wherein the infiltration device 3 is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting device 4, the soil body fixing device 1 is obliquely arranged in the infiltration device 3, and the water storage device 2 is fixedly arranged on the infiltration device 3;
The water storage device 2 comprises a Marshall bottle 18 and a water storage cylinder, the water storage cylinder is arranged at the top end of the permeation device 3, the Marshall bottle 18 is arranged on the side of the water storage cylinder, the bottom end of the Marshall bottle 18 is higher than the top end of the water storage cylinder, and the bottom of the Marshall bottle 18 is communicated with a water inlet 25 at the top of the water storage cylinder through a water pipe 23;
The Marshall bottle 18 is arranged on the bottom supporting device 4 through a bracket 24, a filter screen 21 is arranged in a water pipe 23, the filter screen 21 is close to a water outlet 20 at the bottom of the Marshall bottle 18, a water outlet pipe communicated with the water storage cylinder is arranged at the bottom side end of the water storage cylinder, an outlet of the water outlet pipe is positioned above the penetrating device 3, and a water stop switch 19 is arranged on the water outlet pipe;
the water inlet 25 of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressurizer interface 26, the top end of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge 38, the water storage device 2 further comprises a water pressurizer 29, the water pressurizer 29 is arranged on the bottom supporting device 4, and the water pressurizer 29 is communicated with the pressurizer interface 26 through a pressurizing pipeline 27; the bracket 24 is provided with a bearing plate 22, and the Martensitic flask 18 is arranged on the bearing plate 22;
The infiltration device 3 comprises an infiltration cylinder, a permeable stone 14, a top cover and a bottom plate 40, wherein the soil body fixing device 1 is obliquely arranged in the infiltration cylinder, the top cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the infiltration cylinder, a plurality of permeable holes are uniformly formed in the top cover, the permeable stone 14 is uniformly paved on the top cover, the diameter of the permeable stone 14 is larger than that of the permeable holes, the outlet of the water outlet pipe is positioned right above the permeable stone 14 on the top cover, the bottom plate 40 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder, permeable stone plates are paved on the bottom plate 40, and the diameter of the permeable stone plates is the same as the inner diameter of the infiltration cylinder;
The edge of the top cover is uniformly provided with spring buckles, and the top cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the permeation cylinder through the spring buckles; the edge of the bottom plate 40 is uniformly provided with a buckle 39, the outer wall of the bottom end of the permeation tube is provided with a buckle, the buckle 39 is connected with the buckle of the outer wall of the permeation tube, and the bottom plate 40 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the permeation tube through the buckle 39 and the buckle of the outer wall of the permeation tube; the outer wall of the permeation tube is fixedly provided with a handle 15, a top cover of the permeation tube is provided with a water storage device fixing groove 13, and the side wall of the bottom end of the water storage device 2 is arranged in the water storage device fixing groove 13;
The soil body fixing device 1 comprises a support frame, a soil body fixing net 10 and a telescopic rod, wherein edges at two ends of the soil body fixing net 10 are fixedly arranged on the support frame, one end of the support frame is arranged on the telescopic rod, the other end of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder;
The support frame comprises a support cross rod I, a support cross rod II 12, right-angle joint pipes 5 and an adjusting pipe I6, the adjusting pipe II 9 and a straight pipe 11, the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II 12 are arranged in parallel, a soil body fixing net 10 is wound on the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II 12, the right-angle joint pipes 5 are arranged at two ends of the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II 12, the right-angle joint pipes 5 at two ends of the support cross rod I are fixedly connected with the top ends of the adjusting pipe I6, the bottom ends of the adjusting pipe I6 are inserted into the adjusting pipe II 9 and can move up and down in the adjusting pipe II 9, a plurality of adjusting threaded holes 7 are uniformly formed in the side wall of the adjusting pipe II 9, and the adjusting pipe I6 is fixedly arranged at the top ends of the adjusting pipe II 9 through bolts 8 in the adjusting threaded holes 7; the bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with an adjusting tube fixing groove 16, the bottom end of an adjusting tube II 9 is inserted into the adjusting tube fixing groove 16 at the bottom end of the permeation tube, the lower parts of right-angle joint tubes 5 at the two ends of the supporting cross rod II 12 are fixedly connected with the straight tubes 11, the bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with a straight tube fixing groove 17, and the bottom end of the straight tube 11 is inserted into the straight tube fixing groove 17 at the bottom end of the permeation tube;
The bottom supporting device 4 comprises a supporting box body, an infiltration port 41 is formed in the center of the supporting box body, the aperture of the infiltration port 41 is smaller than the diameter of the permeable stone plate, the bottom ends of a plurality of infiltration devices 3 are arranged on the supporting box body, the infiltration devices 3 are located right above the infiltration port 41, a constant water head drainage interface 31 communicated with the inside of the supporting box body is formed in the bottom side wall of the supporting box body, the other end of the constant water head drainage interface 31 is communicated with a drainage flexible pipe, the other end of the drainage flexible pipe is communicated with the top of a measuring cup 35, a flowmeter 32 is arranged on the drainage pipe, a variable water head drainage interface 36 communicated with the inside of the supporting box body is arranged on the bottom wall of the supporting box body, and a water head measuring pipe 30 is externally connected to the variable water head drainage interface 36;
The top end of the supporting box body is also provided with a support bell and spigot 28, the bottom end of the support 24 is inserted into the support bell and spigot 28, the drain pipe is also provided with a water stop clamp 34, the water head measuring pipe 30 is provided with a variable water head water stop switch 33, and the bottom of the supporting box body is provided with wheels 37;
The adjusting pipe II 9 is fixed, the adjusting pipe I6 can be adjusted up and down according to different gradients, and the adjusting pipe I6 is fixed through the bolts 8 so as to fix soil;
the soil body fixing net 10 in the embodiment can fix the soil body, and the original structure of the soil body is not damaged, and the SNS flexible wire netting is preferable; winding SNS flexible iron wires on the support cross bars I and the support cross bars II 12, so as to fix the soil body fixing net 10;
the permeable stone 14 in the embodiment can permeate water and can also bear the weight of a soil sample;
in the embodiment, the handle 15, the buckle 39 and the bottom plate 40 can more conveniently move the infiltration device filled with soil body to the bottom supporting device;
In the embodiment, the adjusting pipe fixing groove 16 can fix an adjusting pipe, and the straight pipe fixing groove 17 can fix a straight pipe;
the filter screen 21 in this embodiment can filter impurities in water to avoid errors caused by impurities;
the water pressurizer 29 in this embodiment pressurizes the filtered water by pressurizing the air in the water reservoir;
the flowmeter 32 in this embodiment can record the water permeability for a predetermined time;
the wheels 37 in this embodiment allow for a more effort-efficient movement of the device.
Example 2: the method for performing the penetration test by adopting the field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil body comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Calculating the gradient of a soil slope, selecting a proper position on the soil slope to install the test device, fully inserting the cover plate 40 in fig. 1 into the soil along the slope, fully inserting the permeable stone plate into the soil along the slope and positioning the permeable stone plate above the cover plate 40 so as to determine the position of the soil at the bottom; the method comprises the steps of finding a place marked by a permeable stone plate, inserting the bottom end of a straight pipe 11 of a soil body fixing device in fig. 5 into a straight pipe fixing groove 17 at the bottom end of a permeable cylinder, inserting the bottom end of a regulating pipe II 9 of the soil body fixing device in fig. 5 into a regulating pipe fixing groove 16 at the bottom end of the permeable cylinder, inserting the bottom end of a regulating pipe I6 of the soil body fixing device in fig. 5 into the regulating pipe II 9, adjusting the length of the bottom end of the regulating pipe I6 inserted into the regulating pipe II 9 according to the gradient of a soil body slope to enable the gradient of a soil body fixing net 10 of the soil body fixing device to be slightly larger than the gradient of the soil body slope, and fixing the regulating pipe I6 and the regulating pipe II 9 by bolts 8; inserting the soil fixing device into the soil from top to bottom to enable the adjusting pipe II 9 and the straight pipe 11 to be attached to the permeable stone plate, pulling out the soil around the soil fixing device, moving the bottom end of the adjusting pipe I6 up and down to enable the soil fixing net 10 of the soil fixing device to be completely attached to the soil slope by inserting the bottom end of the adjusting pipe I6 into the adjusting pipe II 9, and fixing the adjusting pipe I6 and the adjusting pipe II 9 by bolts 8; inserting the infiltration device in FIG. 3 into soil, inserting the bottom end of the straight pipe 11 of the soil fixing device into the straight pipe fixing groove 17 at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder, inserting the bottom end of the adjusting pipe II 9 of the soil fixing device into the adjusting pipe fixing groove 16 at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder, and connecting the buckle 39 with the buckle of the outer wall of the infiltration cylinder to facilitate the movement of the device;
(2) Moving the secured permeation device via handle 15 to just above permeation port 41 in fig. 6, releasing the snap connection of snap 39 to the outside wall of the permeation cartridge, and removing cover 40 from the bottom; fixing the water storage barrel of the water storage device in fig. 1 along the water storage device fixing groove 13, inserting the water pipe 23 into the water inlet, and connecting the pressurizing interface 26 with the pressurizer 29 through the pressurizing pipeline 27; inserting the bracket 24 into the bracket faucet 28, fixing the bearing plate 22 by a screw, and connecting the Margaret bottle 18 with water with the water pipe 23; the water head measuring pipe 30 is connected with the variable water head drainage connector 36, and the constant water head drainage connector 31 is communicated with the drainage flexible pipe, the flowmeter 32, the water stopping clamp 34 and the measuring cup 35;
(3) Checking whether the experimental equipment leaks water and the equipment loosens, closing a water stop switch 19 at the side part of the water storage cylinder, clamping a water stop clamp 34 on a drain pipe of the constant water head drain connector 31, and closing a water stop switch 33 with a variable water head;
(4) Opening a water stop switch 20 on a water outlet 20 at the bottom of the Margaret 18 to enable water to flow into a water storage barrel of the water storage device 2 from a water inlet 25 through a water pipe 23 and a filter screen 21 on the water pipe; opening a water pressurizer 29 after a water storage cylinder stores a certain amount of water, and pressurizing the water in the water storage device 2 through a pressurizer interface 26 by pressure through a pressurizing pipeline 27; when the pressure gauge 38 is kept constant, the water stop switch 19 on the water storage cylinder is opened to enable water to flow into the permeable stone of the permeation device 3, and then the water enters the permeation device 3 through the permeable hole of the top cover of the permeation cylinder, so that the soil sample is gradually saturated, the water flow is not urgent, so that the soil sample is not fluctuated, the water flow permeates through the soil sample, and then enters the bottom supporting device 4 through the permeable stone plate and the permeation hole 41;
(5) After the sample is fully saturated, the water stop clamp on the constant head drain interface 31 is taken down, the water penetration amount of the preset time is recorded through the flowmeter 32, and the process is repeated for a plurality of times; if a variable water head test is performed, the variable water head water stop switch 33 is turned on in the test process; when the experiment was completed, the water pressurizer 29 was stopped, and then the instruments of the variable head drain port 36 and the constant head drain port 31 were removed to drain the water in the osmotic engine.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a can fix on-spot measurement bulk material infiltration test device of soil body which characterized in that: the device comprises a soil body fixing device (1), a water storage device (2), a penetrating device (3) and a bottom supporting device (4), wherein the penetrating device (3) is arranged at the top end of the bottom supporting device (4), the soil body fixing device (1) is obliquely arranged in the penetrating device (3), and the water storage device (2) is fixedly arranged on the penetrating device (3);
the water storage device (2) comprises a Margaret bottle (18) and a water storage cylinder, the water storage cylinder is arranged at the top end of the permeation device (3), the Margaret bottle (18) is arranged on the side of the water storage cylinder, the bottom end of the Fang Juma Margaret bottle (18) is higher than the top end of the water storage cylinder, and the bottom of the Margaret bottle (18) is communicated with a water inlet (25) at the top of the water storage cylinder through a water pipe (23);
The water inlet (25) of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressurizer interface (26), the top end of the water storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge (38), the water storage device (2) further comprises a water pressurizer (29), the water pressurizer (29) is arranged on the bottom supporting device (4), and the water pressurizer (29) is communicated with the pressurizer interface (26) through a pressurizing pipeline (27); the bracket (24) is provided with a bearing plate (22), and the Martensitic flask (18) is arranged on the bearing plate (22);
the infiltration device (3) comprises an infiltration cylinder, permeable stones (14), a top cover and a bottom plate (40), wherein the soil body fixing device (1) is obliquely arranged in the infiltration cylinder, the top cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the infiltration cylinder, a plurality of permeable holes are uniformly formed in the top cover, the permeable stones (14) are uniformly paved on the top cover, the diameter of the permeable stones (14) is larger than that of the permeable holes, the outlet of the water outlet pipe is positioned right above the permeable stones (14) on the top cover, the bottom plate (40) is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the infiltration cylinder, and permeable stone plates are paved on the bottom plate (40) and have the same diameter as the inner diameter of the infiltration cylinder;
The soil body fixing device (1) comprises a support frame, a soil body fixing net (10) and a telescopic rod, wherein edges at two ends of the soil body fixing net (10) are fixedly arranged on the support frame, one end of the support frame is arranged on the telescopic rod, the other end of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the permeation cylinder, and the bottom end of the telescopic rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the permeation cylinder;
The support frame comprises a support cross rod I, a support cross rod II (12), right-angle joint pipes (5), adjusting pipes I (6), adjusting pipes II (9) and straight pipes (11), wherein the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II (12) are arranged in parallel, a soil body fixing net (10) is wound on the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II (12), right-angle joint pipes (5) are arranged at two ends of the support cross rod I and the support cross rod II (12), the right-angle joint pipes (5) at two ends of the support cross rod I are fixedly connected with the top ends of the adjusting pipes I (6), the bottom ends of the adjusting pipes I (6) are inserted into the adjusting pipes II (9) and can move up and down in the adjusting pipes II (9), a plurality of adjusting threaded holes (7) are uniformly formed in the side wall of the adjusting pipes II vertically, and the adjusting pipes I (6) are fixedly arranged at the top ends of the adjusting pipes II (9) through bolts (8) in the adjusting threaded holes (7). The bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with an adjusting tube fixing groove (16), the bottom end of an adjusting tube II (9) is inserted into the adjusting tube fixing groove (16) at the bottom end of the permeation tube, the lower parts of right-angle joint tubes (5) at the two ends of a supporting cross rod II (12) are fixedly connected with a straight tube (11), the bottom plate of the permeation tube is provided with a straight tube fixing groove (17), and the bottom end of the straight tube (11) is inserted into the straight tube fixing groove (17) at the bottom end of the permeation tube;
The bottom supporting device (4) comprises a supporting box body, an infiltration port (41) is formed in the center of the supporting box body, the aperture of the infiltration port (41) is smaller than the diameter of a permeable stone plate, the bottoms of a plurality of infiltration devices (3) are arranged on the supporting box body and located right above the infiltration port (41), a constant water head drainage interface (31) communicated with the inside of the supporting box body is arranged on the bottom side wall of the supporting box body, the other end of the constant water head drainage interface (31) is communicated with a flexible drainage pipe, the other end of the flexible drainage pipe is communicated with the top of a measuring cup (35), a flowmeter (32) is arranged on a drain pipe, a variable water head drainage interface (36) communicated with the inside of the supporting box body is arranged on the bottom wall of the supporting box body, and a variable water head drainage interface (36) is externally connected with a water head measuring pipe (30).
2. The field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil according to claim 1, wherein: the Marshall bottle (18) is arranged on the bottom supporting device (4) through the support (24), a filter screen (21) is arranged in the water pipe (23) and is close to a water outlet (20) at the bottom of the Marshall bottle (18), a water outlet pipe communicated with the water storage cylinder is arranged at the bottom side end of the water storage cylinder, an outlet of the water outlet pipe is positioned above the penetrating device (3), and a water stop switch (19) is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
3. The field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil according to claim 1, wherein: the edge of the top cover is uniformly provided with spring buckles, and the top cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the permeation cylinder through the spring buckles; the edge of the bottom plate (40) is uniformly provided with buckles (39), the outer wall of the bottom end of the permeation tube is provided with buckles, the buckles (39) are connected with the buckles of the outer wall of the permeation tube, and the bottom plate (40) is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the permeation tube through the buckles (39) and the buckles of the outer wall of the permeation tube; the outer wall of the permeation tube is fixedly provided with a handle (15), a water storage device fixing groove (13) is formed in the top cover of the permeation tube, and the bottom side wall of the water storage device (2) is arranged in the water storage device fixing groove (13).
4. The field measurement discrete material penetration test device capable of fixing soil according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the supporting box body is also provided with a support bell and spigot (28), the bottom end of the support (24) is inserted in the support bell and spigot (28), the drain pipe is also provided with a water stop clamp (34), the water head measuring pipe (30) is provided with a variable water head water stop switch (33), and the bottom of the supporting box body is provided with wheels (37).
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