CN111014406A

CN111014406A - Forming device and forming method for aluminum alloy plate hot forming-online quenching combination

Info

Publication number: CN111014406A
Application number: CN202010074317.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘文辉; 曹平; 陈宇强; 唐昌平; 刘筱; 宋宇峰; 黄浩
Original assignee: Hunan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Hunan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-01-22
Filing date: 2020-01-22
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-22
Also published as: CN111014406B

Abstract

The invention discloses a hot forming-online quenching composite forming device for an aluminum alloy plate, which comprises a die carrier, a forming module and a pressing/discharging module, wherein the die carrier comprises an upper die holder and a lower die holder, the forming module comprises a male die, a female die plate and a heating element, the pressing/discharging module comprises a blank holder, the male die is arranged on the lower die holder, the blank holder is arranged above the male die, the blank holder is arranged on the lower die holder, and the upper end face of the blank holder is used as a die forming area; a concave template is arranged above the blank holder, a heating element is arranged in the concave template, and an upper die holder is arranged above the concave template. The forming device combines thermal forming and quenching, and can avoid the defects of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of common thermal forming-quenching composite forming; the online water quenching cooling rate is high, and the pressing rod presses the component to prevent the effective component from deforming, so that the high-performance aluminum alloy component is prepared.

Description

Forming device and forming method for aluminum alloy plate hot forming-online quenching combination

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of metal material processing, in particular to a forming device and a forming method for hot forming-online quenching composite of an aluminum alloy plate.

Background

The aluminum alloy has poor room temperature plasticity, is difficult to form a member with a complex shape, and the application of the warm forming technology can improve the yield of the aluminum alloy complex part, but has relatively high cost. The hot forming-quenching composite forming technology realizes the compounding of solid solution, forming and quenching at the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy, and is an efficient and energy-saving manufacturing process. CN102216484A discloses a forming method of an aluminum alloy sheet member, transferring a solution heat treated aluminum alloy sheet semi-product (transfer completed within 10 seconds) to a set of cold dies for rapid forming (forming within 0.15 seconds), and then quenching the sheet between the cold dies. CN109433924A discloses a mould for realizing rapid forming and quenching in a mould. CN102615201A discloses a cold and hot compound die forming method for sheet metal parts, which completes the cold and hot compound die forming of aluminum alloy sheet metal parts by means of heating of a lower die and cooling of an upper die. In the common hot forming-quenching composite forming process, the time for transferring the plate from the solid solution device to the forming die is very short, and the operation is difficult; meanwhile, a saturated solid solution obtained after the aging precipitation strengthening aluminum alloy is subjected to solid solution needs to be rapidly cooled, otherwise, a second phase is precipitated in the cooling process, so that the supersaturation degree is reduced and the subsequent non-uniform aging precipitation is caused, and the lower aging strengthening effect is caused. The quenching cooling speed of the cooling mode in the die is limited, so that the strength of the aluminum alloy is difficult to effectively ensure.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a forming device for hot forming-online quenching compounding of an aluminum alloy plate, which has a simple structure and works reliably, and provides a forming method for hot forming-online quenching compounding of an aluminum alloy plate.

The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a hot forming-online quenching composite forming device for an aluminum alloy plate comprises a die carrier, a forming module and a pressing/discharging module, wherein the die carrier comprises an upper die base and a lower die base, the forming module comprises a male die, a female die plate and a heating element, the pressing/discharging module comprises a blank holder, a discharging screw and a discharging spring, the male die is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the lower die base, the blank holder is arranged above the male die and is installed on the lower die base through the discharging spring, two ends of the discharging spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the blank holder and the lower die base through the discharging screw, the upper end face of the blank holder is used as a die forming area, and the aluminum alloy plate to be processed is placed in the die forming area; a concave die plate is arranged above the blank holder, a plurality of heating elements are arranged in the concave die plate, an upper die base is arranged above the concave die plate, cushion blocks are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side between the upper die base and the concave die plate, and the concave die plate is fixed on the lower end face of the upper die base through fastening screws I penetrating through the cushion blocks.

The hot forming-online quenching composite forming device for the aluminum alloy plate further comprises an anti-deformation module, wherein the anti-deformation module comprises a limiting rod, a swing hook, a vertical rod, connecting blocks, a rubber elastic element, a connecting plate and a fixing plate, two connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end surface of the lower die holder, and protruding hooks are arranged on the connecting blocks; the middle of the upper die base is provided with a through hole, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper die base are symmetrically provided with two limiting rods, the inner sides of the bottoms of the limiting rods are provided with bulges I, a fixed plate and a connecting plate are arranged between the two limiting rods, the connecting plate is positioned below the fixed plate and is connected with the fixed plate into a whole through a fastening screw II, a rubber elastic element is arranged between the connecting plate and the concave die plate, the middle of the lower end surface of the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of pressure rods, the upper ends of the pressure rods are fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting plate, the connecting plate left and right sides symmetry is equipped with two montants, and the montant middle part is fixed on the connecting plate through articulated mounting, and the montant upper end outside is equipped with protruding II with I matched with in the arch of gag lever post bottom, and the montant upper end inboard is passed through spring coupling on the fixed plate, and the cavity die board is passed to the montant lower part, and the montant lower extreme is equipped with the pendulum hook that is used for being connected with the abrupt hook on the connecting.

The hot forming-online quenching composite forming device for the aluminum alloy plate further comprises an online water quenching module, wherein the online water quenching module comprises a supporting seat, an induction device and a water spraying device, and the front and the back of the outer side of the forming area of the die are respectively provided with a supporting seat; the bearing seat is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower die seat, and the bearing seat is provided with an induction device and a water spraying device.

A hot forming-online quenching composite forming method for an aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy plate to be processed at the temperature of 470-540 ℃ for 30min-2h to obtain a solid-dissolved aluminum alloy plate blank;

2) starting a heating element, and heating the concave template to the aluminum alloy solid solution temperature;

3) placing the aluminum alloy plate blank subjected to solid solution on a blank holder from a solid solution device, and transferring for 10-50 seconds;

4) the concave template moves downwards, the concave template and the convex die are matched to form an aluminum alloy component, the vertical rod moves downwards, the swing hook hooks the protruding hook on the connecting block, and the temperature is kept for 1-10 minutes;

5) opening the die, enabling the concave die plate to move upwards, enabling the connecting plate to extrude the rubber elastic element, and enabling the swing hook to hook the protruding hook, so that the pressing rod presses the aluminum alloy component;

6) when the concave template moves upwards to pass through the induction device, the water spraying device works and water quenches;

7) the swing hook loosens the protruding hook, the pressure rod resets, and the aluminum alloy component is separated from the male die under the action of the discharging spring.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the forming device combines thermal forming and quenching, and can avoid the defects of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of common thermal forming-quenching composite forming; the online water quenching cooling rate is high, the pressing rod presses the component to prevent the effective component from deforming, so that the high-performance aluminum alloy component is prepared, the structure is simple, and the industrial production is easy to realize.

2. In the forming method, the aluminum alloy plate is directly quenched by the water spraying device after being formed, so that the defects of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of common hot forming-quenching composite forming can be overcome, and a large quenching rate can be obtained, so that the aging precipitation strength of the aluminum alloy member is improved; and the press rod presses the component in the quenching process, so that the deformation of the effective component can be prevented, and the component precision is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a forming apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the aluminum alloy plate thermal forming-online quenching composite forming device comprises a die carrier, a forming module, a pressing/discharging module, an anti-deformation module and an online water quenching module, wherein the die carrier comprises an upper die holder 6 and a lower die holder 1, the forming module comprises a male die 27, a female die plate 4 and a heating element 20, the pressing/discharging module comprises a blank holder 28, a discharging screw 2 and a discharging spring 29, the male die 27 is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the lower die holder 1, the blank holder 28 is arranged above the male die 27, the blank holder 28 is mounted on the lower die holder 1 through the discharging spring 29, two ends of the discharging spring 29 are respectively and fixedly connected with the blank holder 28 and the lower die holder 1 through the discharging screw 2, the upper end face of the blank holder 28 serves as a die forming area, and an aluminum alloy plate 3 to be processed is placed in the; a concave template 4 is arranged above the blank holder 28, a plurality of heating elements 20 are arranged in the concave template 4, an upper die holder 6 is arranged above the concave template 4, cushion blocks 17 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side between the upper die holder 6 and the concave template 4, and the concave template 4 is fixed on the lower end face of the upper die holder 6 by fastening screws I5 penetrating through the cushion blocks 17.

The deformation-preventing module comprises a limiting rod 8, a swing hook 21, a vertical rod 19, connecting blocks 26, a rubber elastic element 10, a connecting plate 18, a fixing plate 11 and a pressure rod 12, wherein two connecting blocks 26 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper end surface of the lower die holder 1, and protruding hooks 25 are arranged on the connecting blocks 26; the middle of the upper die base 6 is provided with a through hole, two limiting rods 8 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower end surface of the upper die base 6, a bulge I7 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of each limiting rod 8, a fixing plate 11 and a connecting plate 18 are arranged between the two limiting rods 8, the connecting plate 18 is positioned below the fixing plate 11 and is connected with the fixing plate 11 into a whole through a fastening screw II 13, a rubber elastic element 10 is arranged between the connecting plate 18 and the concave die plate 4, a plurality of pressure rods 12 are arranged in the middle of the lower end surface of the connecting plate 18, the upper ends of the pressure rods 12 are fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting plate 18, the lower ends of the pressure rods 12 penetrate through the rubber elastic element 10, the concave die plate 4 is right opposite to an aluminum alloy plate 3 to be processed, two vertical rods 19 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the, the inner side of the upper end of the vertical rod 19 is connected to the fixing plate 11 through a spring 15, the lower part of the vertical rod 19 penetrates through the concave template 4, and the lower end of the vertical rod 19 is provided with a swing hook 21 which is used for being hooked and connected with a convex hook 25 on a connecting block 26.

The online water quenching module comprises a supporting seat 22, an induction device 24 and a water spraying device 23, wherein the front and the back of the outer side of the die forming area are respectively provided with the supporting seat 22; the supporting seat 22 is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower die holder 1, and the sensing device 24 and the water spraying device 23 are arranged on the supporting seat 22.

A3-hot forming-online quenching composite forming method for an aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy plate 3 to be processed at the temperature of 470-540 ℃ for 30min-2h to obtain a solid-dissolved aluminum alloy plate blank;

2) starting the heating element 20 to heat the concave template 4 to the aluminum alloy solid solution temperature;

3) placing the aluminum alloy plate blank subjected to solid solution on a blank holder 28 from a solid solution device, wherein the transfer time is 10-50 seconds;

4) the concave template 4 moves downwards, the concave template and the convex die 27 are matched to form an aluminum alloy component, the vertical rod 19 moves downwards, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 1-10 minutes;

5) opening the die, wherein the concave die plate 4 moves upwards, and the connecting plate 18 extrudes the rubber elastic element 10, so that the pressing rod 12 presses the aluminum alloy component;

6) when the concave template 4 moves upwards and passes through the induction device 24, the water spraying device 23 works and carries out water quenching;

7) the swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and the aluminum alloy component is separated from the male die 27 under the action of the discharging spring 29.

The first embodiment is as follows: the 7050 aluminum alloy component with the thickness of 2mm is prepared by adopting the method.

1) Carrying out solution heat treatment on the 7050 aluminum alloy by adopting a 470 ℃/2h process;

2) the heating element 20 is activated to heat the cavity plate 4 to 470 ℃;

3) placing the aluminum alloy plate blank subjected to solid solution on a blank holder 28 from the solid solution device, and transferring for 10 seconds;

4) the concave template 4 moves downwards, the concave template and the convex die 27 are matched to form an aluminum alloy component, the vertical rod 19 moves downwards, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 1 minute;

5) opening the die, wherein the female die plate 4 moves upwards, the connecting plate 18 extrudes the rubber elastic element 10, and the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25, so that the pressing rod 12 presses the 7050 aluminum alloy component;

7) the swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and the component is separated from the male die 2719 under the action of the discharging spring 29.

Example two: and forming to prepare a 1.5mm thick 6016 aluminum alloy member.

1) Carrying out solution heat treatment on 6016 aluminum alloy by adopting a process of 540 ℃/30 min;

2) the heating element 20 is activated to heat the cavity plate 4 to 540 ℃;

3) placing the aluminum alloy plate blank subjected to solid solution on a blank holder 28 from the solid solution device, wherein the transfer time is 25 seconds;

4) the concave template 4 moves downwards, the concave template and the convex die 27 are matched to form an aluminum alloy component, the vertical rod 19 moves downwards, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 5 minutes;

5) opening the die, moving the concave die plate 4 upwards, extruding the rubber elastic element 10 by the connecting plate 18, and hooking the protruding hook 25 by the swing hook 21 so that the pressing rod 12 presses the 6016 aluminum alloy component;

7) the swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and the component is separated from the male die 27 under the action of the discharging spring 29.

Example three: and forming to prepare a 2519 aluminum alloy member with the thickness of 2 mm.

1) Carrying out solution heat treatment on 2519 aluminum alloy by adopting a 530 ℃/2h process;

2) the heating element 20 is started to heat the cavity plate 4 to 530 ℃;

3) placing the aluminum alloy plate blank subjected to solid solution on a blank holder 28, and transferring for 50 seconds;

4) the concave template 4 moves downwards, the concave template and the convex die 27 are matched to form an aluminum alloy component, the vertical rod 19 moves downwards, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes;

5) opening the die, wherein the female die plate 4 moves upwards, the connecting plate 18 extrudes the rubber elastic element 10, and the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25, so that the pressing rod 12 presses 2519 aluminum alloy components;

Claims

1. A forming device for hot forming of aluminum alloy sheet-on-line quenching and compounding, characterized in that: it comprises a die base, a forming module, and a pressing/discharging module, and the die base comprises an upper die base and a lower die base, and the forming The module includes a punch, a concave plate, and a heating element. The pressure/discharge module includes a blank holder, a discharge screw, and a discharge spring. A punch is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the lower die base, and a pressure is arranged above the punch. The side ring, the side holder ring is installed on the lower die base through the discharge spring, the two ends of the discharge spring are fixedly connected to the side holder ring and the lower die base respectively through the discharge screw, and the upper end face of the side holder ring is used as the mold forming area, to be processed The aluminum alloy plate is placed in the mold forming area; a concave template is arranged above the edge holder, a number of heating elements are arranged in the concave template, and an upper die seat is arranged above the concave template. A spacer block is arranged symmetrically on the side, and the concave template is fixed on the lower end face of the upper die base with the fastening screw I through the spacer block.

2. The aluminum alloy sheet thermoforming-on-line quenching composite forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an anti-deformation module, and the anti-deformation module comprises a limit rod, a swing hook, a vertical rod, a connecting block, a rubber Elastic element, connecting plate and fixing plate, two connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end surface of the lower die base, and protruding hooks are arranged on the connecting blocks; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the upper die base, and the lower end surface of the upper die base is Two limit rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides, a protrusion I is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the limit rod, a fixed plate and a connecting plate are arranged between the two limit rods, and the connecting plate is located under the fixed plate and is connected with the fastening screw II. The fixing plate is connected as a whole, a rubber elastic element is arranged between the connecting plate and the concave template, a number of pressing rods are arranged in the middle of the lower end face of the connecting plate, the upper end of the pressing rod is fixed on the lower end face of the connecting plate, and the lower end of the pressing rod passes through the rubber elastic element . The concave formwork is facing the aluminum alloy plate to be processed. The left and right sides of the connecting plate are symmetrically provided with two vertical rods. The protrusion II is matched with the protrusion I. The inner side of the upper end of the vertical rod is connected to the fixed plate through the spring, the lower part of the vertical rod passes through the concave template, and the lower end of the vertical rod is provided with a swing hook for hooking and connecting with the protruding hook on the connecting block.

3. The aluminum alloy sheet thermoforming-on-line quenching composite forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: further comprising an on-line water quenching module, wherein the on-line water quenching module comprises a support seat, an induction device, and a water spray device. A support seat is arranged at the front and rear of the outer side of the mold forming area; the support seat is fixed on the upper end face of the lower mold seat, and an induction device and a water spray device are arranged on the support seat.

4. A forming method based on the hot forming of the aluminum alloy sheet of the forming device according to claim 3-on-line quenching and recombination, comprising the following steps:

1) The aluminum alloy plate to be processed is subjected to a solution heat treatment at a temperature of 470°C-540°C and a heat preservation time of 30min-2h to obtain a solutionized aluminum alloy slab;

2) Start the heating element and heat the concave template to the aluminum alloy solution temperature;

3) Place the solid solution aluminum alloy slab on the blank holder from the solid solution device, and the transfer time is 10-50 seconds;

4) The concave template moves downward, and the aluminum alloy components are formed by clamping with the punch, the vertical rod moves downward, the swing hook hooks the protruding hook on the connecting block, and the temperature is kept for 1-10 minutes;

5) Open the mold, the concave template moves upward, the connecting plate squeezes the rubber elastic element, and the swing hook hooks the protruding hook, so that the pressing rod presses the aluminum alloy member;

6) When the concave template moves upward through the induction device, the water spray device works and the water is quenched;

7) The swing hook releases the protruding hook, the pressure rod is reset, and under the action of the unloading spring, the aluminum alloy component is disengaged from the punch.