CN111003022B - Magnetic grid measurement-based turnout operation overall process monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Magnetic grid measurement-based turnout operation overall process monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于磁栅测量的道岔动作全过程监测方法及装置，相关方法包括：在主副表示杆以及摩擦联结器上分别安装双磁栅尺，在每一双磁栅尺设定距离内设置磁传感器组；双磁栅尺包含两条磁极数目不同的磁栅尺，每一条磁栅尺上均为且交替设有多个N磁极与S磁极；在道岔动作时，通过相应的磁传感器组各自读取主副表示杆上对应双磁栅尺中两条磁极的数量，并通过两条磁极的数量差值确定主副表示杆各自的绝对位置，进而得到主副表示杆的相对位置；同样的摩擦联结器上磁传感器组与双磁栅尺，测量出转动前后的绝对位置，得到转动后的相对距离，进而确定摩擦阻力。上述方案能够准确掌握道岔缺口和摩擦阻力，能够实现预测修，并延长转辙机的使用寿命。
The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring the whole process of turnout action based on magnetic grid measurement. The related method includes: respectively installing dual magnetic grid rulers on the main and auxiliary indicating rods and friction couplings, and setting a distance on each dual magnetic grid ruler A magnetic sensor group is set inside; the double magnetic scale includes two magnetic scales with different numbers of magnetic poles, and each magnetic scale is provided with a plurality of N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles alternately; The sensor groups each read the number of the two magnetic poles in the corresponding double magnetic scale on the main and auxiliary poles, and determine the absolute positions of the main and auxiliary poles through the difference in the number of the two magnetic poles, and then obtain the relative position of the main and auxiliary poles. ; On the same friction coupler, the magnetic sensor group and the double magnetic scale measure the absolute position before and after the rotation, obtain the relative distance after the rotation, and then determine the friction resistance. The above scheme can accurately grasp the switch gap and friction resistance, can achieve predictive repair, and prolong the service life of the switch machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a turnout action overall process monitoring method and device based on magnetic grid measurement.
Background
With the continuous expansion of road network scale in China, great pressure is brought to railway transportation safety while convenience is brought to people for traveling. The point switch is an important signal basic device for changing the opening direction of the turnout and further changing a running path, is a fault high-power device due to frequent switching, and is a key maintenance object of the railway. At present, a turnout gap monitoring device and a signal centralized monitoring device are generally adopted to monitor the working process of a point switch in real time, the friction current of the point switch is measured in a mode of adding a resistance block in the time of a skylight, and the friction current indirectly reflects the rotating friction force of a friction coupler.
At present, turnout gap monitoring and signal centralized monitoring equipment is equipped on a plurality of railway lines.
1. Switch breach monitoring facilities.
The turnout gap monitoring equipment is mainly used for monitoring the tightness (required to be not more than 4mm) of a turnout switch rail and a stock rail, and adopts the main technical means that a camera is additionally arranged in a point switch machine, and the position of the turnout gap of the indication rod is measured through image recognition.
There are mainly the following problems:
(1) lens: the nominal precision of the turnout notch is +/-0.1 mm, the camera lens group consists of lenses and has curvature, so that the distance between video pixel points has the nonlinear characteristic, the lenses between different cameras cannot be ensured to be consistent, the consistency of the precision is difficult to ensure by manual adjustment, and the measurement precision is influenced.
(2) And (3) measuring an object: the surface flatness and the cleanness of the measured object and the temperature and humidity of the environment are directly measured.
(3) Illuminance: the camera is an optical device, is extremely sensitive to light, and directly influences precision under different illumination intensities.
(4) Maintaining the lens: because the inside of the point switch is not only provided with dust but also oil gas, the point switch is difficult to avoid dirt for a long time, and is difficult to maintain in a narrow space, thereby affecting the measurement precision.
(5) The main and auxiliary indicating rods are displaced relatively: 2 gaps on the indicating rod are respectively arranged on different indicating rods, and the relative movement between the indicating rods indicates that the travel of the turnout is changed, or the positioning or reverse turnout cannot be closely attached, and the turnout gap monitoring equipment cannot monitor the relative displacement, so that the problem of insufficient local monitoring exists.
(6) Data volume: the higher the precision of monitoring measurement, the stronger and more complex the data capability that the CPU is required to process, the larger the generated data volume, the higher the software and hardware overhead cost, and the heavier the communication burden, the video mode is adopted, the data volume is large, and the stable work of the turnout gap monitoring equipment is influenced.
2. And (4) a signal centralized monitoring device.
The signal centralized monitoring equipment is mainly used for measuring parameters such as turnout action current and power when the switch machine is switched. The friction current of the point switch can not be monitored in the normal switching process of the point switch, the friction current can be measured by manually adding a resistance block, when a daily skylight is overhauled, the resistance block is arranged between a point rail and a stock rail of the point switch to ensure that the point switch can not be closely attached, so that the friction current of the point switch can be measured, the rotation friction force of the friction coupler can be indirectly reflected through the friction current, and the friction force can be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of a screw at the connecting part of the friction coupler and a motor transmission. During initial calibration, the resistance current value of the motor needs to be calibrated through the sensor pressure value on the special resistance block, and the friction force is reflected through the calibrated current value to achieve the purpose of adjustment. The expansion and contraction effect causes the degree of tightness of the friction belt of the friction coupling to change greatly, and the friction fault current also changes correspondingly. According to this law, the triboelectric current needs to be readjusted every time the season changes. The regularity adjustment is artificially controllable, but in the actual action process of the electric switch machine, due to the change of external temperature difference, various factors such as dynamic friction coefficient generated by the mechanical operation of an internal friction belt, useful power conversion of a motor, cleanness of the surface of the motor and the like can change the friction current, and the potential fault and the damage generated by the method are uncontrollable. In addition, the friction resistance measurement can be carried out only once at intervals, the friction resistance condition cannot be truly reflected, the method can only be similar to fault repair, and prediction repair cannot be carried out.
In addition, the existing turnout notch and frictional resistance measurement only reflects the measured parameters through other parameters, only reflects the trend or local characteristics of the measured parameters, and cannot reflect the whole process of the measured parameters (for example, the notch measurement range is not more than 20mm, the precision is +/-0.1 mm, and the turnout action range is 160 mm-190 mm), so that the problem of relative movement between the main and auxiliary indication rods cannot be solved. In addition, no linkage is formed among the turnout notch, the turnout action current and the friction force, and the switch machine cannot be effectively monitored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a turnout action overall process monitoring method and device based on magnetic grid measurement, which can monitor the turnout action process in real time and can realize the synchronization of friction resistance and indication rod measurement.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a turnout action overall process monitoring method based on magnetic grid measurement comprises the following steps:
the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupler are respectively provided with double magnetic grid rulers, and a magnetic sensor group is arranged in a set distance of each double magnetic grid ruler; the double magnetic grid ruler comprises two magnetic grid rulers with different magnetic poles, and each magnetic grid ruler is provided with a plurality of N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles alternately;
when the turnout is in action, the number of two magnetic poles in the corresponding double-magnetic-grid ruler on the main and auxiliary indicating rod is read respectively through the corresponding magnetic sensor group, and the respective absolute position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is determined through the difference value of the number of the two magnetic poles, so that the relative position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is obtained; based on the same principle, the absolute positions before and after rotation are measured by the magnetic sensor group and the double magnetic grid ruler on the friction coupler, so that the relative distance after rotation is obtained, and the friction resistance is further determined.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the high-precision positioning of the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupler of the turnout is completed by installing the double magnetic grids and reading the information of the double magnetic grids. The defects that the function of the traditional equipment is single, and only indirect measurement can be carried out are overcome; meanwhile, the defects of incomplete monitoring parameters, high environmental requirements and the like of the conventional turnout gap monitoring equipment are overcome; the invention is beneficial to the prediction and maintenance of the turnout switch machine equipment, can realize the reduction of personnel and the improvement of efficiency and has good social benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a turnout operation overall process monitoring method based on magnetic grid measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the dual-magnetic scale and the magnetic sensor set on the primary and secondary display rods according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an installation of a dual magnetic scale and a magnetic sensor set on a friction coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a turnout action overall process monitoring method based on magnetic grid measurement, wherein a turnout gap is monitored, a video monitoring mode is replaced by double magnetic grid measurement, the problems existing in the video monitoring gap are solved, and meanwhile, the turnout action process can be monitored in real time; the double-magnetic-grid measurement mode instead of the resistance block measurement mode is adopted, the problem that the resistance block is used for measuring friction force is solved, and meanwhile, the synchronization of measurement with the indicating rod can be achieved. And the double magnetic grids are adopted, and the absolute positions of the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupling in the turnout action process are measured in real time in the whole process, so that the turnout notch and the friction resistance are accurately mastered, the forecast repair can be realized, and the service life of the point switch is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 1, the method mainly includes:
1. the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupler are respectively provided with double magnetic grid rulers, and a magnetic sensor group is arranged in a set distance of each double magnetic grid ruler; the double-magnetic grid ruler comprises two magnetic grid rulers with different magnetic pole numbers, and each magnetic grid ruler is provided with a plurality of N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles in an alternating mode.
As shown in fig. 2, the turnout gaps are respectively positioned on the primary and secondary indicating rods, and the travel distance is determined by measuring the absolute position and the relative position of the primary and secondary indicating rods, so that the turnout contact density and the gap position are determined. The installation requirement is that the distance between the magnetic sensor group and the surface of the magnetic grid ruler (magnetic grid strip) is determined according to the magnetic field intensity, and a gap which is not more than 1mm is generally selected. The main and auxiliary indicating rods are provided with magnetic grid bars, and each surface of the main and auxiliary indicating rods is provided with 2 magnetic grid bars, and the total number of the magnetic grid bars is 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the friction coupling is a ring-shaped device, and a ring-shaped double-magnetic grid ruler is arranged on the outer side of the friction coupling. The mounting requirements are the same as for the presentation rod.
In the embodiment of the invention, as the sensor group is adopted, the data read by the sensors can be mutually referred, so that the mutual detection function is realized, and the measurement precision is improved. The sensor types mainly include: magnetic field sensors, current sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, vibration (acceleration) sensors, and the like. The current sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the vibration (acceleration) sensor can be arranged at the position of a measured point according to the requirements of a user, collect current, temperature and humidity and acceleration information and can be used for carrying out omnibearing diagnosis on the turnout (specifically, the diagnosis will be described later).
2. When the turnout is in action, the number of two magnetic poles in the corresponding double-magnetic-grid ruler on the main and auxiliary indicating rod is read respectively through the corresponding magnetic sensor group, and the respective absolute position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is determined through the difference value of the number of the two magnetic poles, so that the relative position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is obtained; based on the same principle, the absolute positions before and after rotation are measured by the magnetic sensor group and the double magnetic grid ruler on the friction coupler, so that the relative distance after rotation is obtained, and the friction resistance is further determined.
In the embodiment of the invention, the whole-process measurement of two technical parameters of the turnout notch and the frictional resistance, the measurement of the absolute position and the whole-process synchronism of the measurement of the important parameter can be realized. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) and (4) measuring the whole process of two technical parameters of a turnout notch and frictional resistance.
The point closure is reflected by the action running distance of the indicating rod, the running distance from the point to the reverse position should be theoretically equal to the running distance from the reverse position to the positioning running distance, the indicating rod consists of a main indicating rod and an auxiliary indicating rod (two gaps are respectively arranged on the main indicating rod and the auxiliary indicating rod), and the distance measurement is particularly critical. The invention adopts magnetic grid non-contact measurement, and the precision can reach +/-0.01 mm theoretically, which is far higher than the precision of +/-0.1 mm of an image recognition mode; the measuring range of the magnetic grid measuring mode is not more than 210mm (the existing turnout action range is 160-200mm), and the measuring range of the image identification mode is 0-20 mm.
The respective absolute positions (namely absolute positioning) of the main and auxiliary indicating rods can be measured through the magnetic sensor groups and the double magnetic grid rulers which are respectively arranged on the main and auxiliary indicating rods, so that the relative positions of the main and auxiliary indicating rods are synchronously measured, namely the positions of turnout gaps are measured, and the turnout junction density can be further determined.
Under the same principle, the absolute distance before and after the friction coupling is operated can be calculated, and the difference relative distance and the friction resistance have a corresponding relation, so that the friction resistance can be directly obtained after the relative distance is obtained. The correspondence mentioned here is a rule summarized by field maintenance personnel. The friction resistance of the friction coupling in the on-site application switch machine can not be directly measured, the switch machine can only be disassembled back into a laboratory, a specific large-scale test bed is used for artificially forming resistance to calibrate the rotation distance of the friction coupling, the friction resistance of the friction plate is indirectly detected, and certain error exists with the practical application.
2) Measurement of absolute position.
The magnetic grid is a flat and thin ruler consisting of N, S magnetic poles, which is also called a magnetic grid ruler, and the measuring principle is that the magnetic sensor identifies the number of N (or S) magnetic poles so as to calculate the distance, but when the equipment is disturbed or power is cut off instantly, the number of the magnetic poles recorded by the magnetic sensor is changed or lost, so that the distance measurement is incorrect. In order to solve the problem, double magnetic grid rulers are adopted for measurement, the double magnetic grid rulers with certain length are respectively arranged on the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupler, the number of magnetic poles is uniformly distributed on each magnetic grid of each double magnetic grid ruler, but the number of the magnetic poles of 2 magnetic grids is different, a magnetic head (a magnetic field sensor) can synchronously read the magnetic poles of 2 magnetic grids, and the absolute position is determined by utilizing the difference of the number of the magnetic poles between the magnetic head and the magnetic grid ruler, so that the problem that the single magnetic grid ruler is not accurately measured under the condition of interference or power failure is solved.
The manner of absolute position measurement, which is applicable to the primary and secondary presentation levers and friction couplings, is described below by way of example. Each magnetic grid ruler consists of N, S magnetic poles, each magnetic pole has a certain distance, and the magnetic field sensor determines the absolute distance according to the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field intensity, for example: the distance of the first magnetic grid ruler is 1mm scale unit, the distance of the second magnetic grid ruler is 1.1mm scale unit, and assuming that the two magnetic grid rulers are initially aligned, when the magnetic field sensor and the double magnetic grid rulers move relative to each other by one unit, the difference between the two magnetic grid rulers is 0.1mm unit, the difference between the two magnetic grid rulers is 0.2mm unit. The notch and the frictional resistance of the turnout are calibrated on site by field debugging personnel through a display device for measuring the distance and the absolute position.
In the embodiment of the invention, the absolute positioning of the main and auxiliary indicating rods can be measured by adopting the double magnetic grids, and the relative position between the main and auxiliary indicating rods is synchronously measured, so that the problem that although the turnout gap is locked, the positioning or the reverse positioning is not closely attached is prevented, the defect of the video measurement gap alarm is overcome, and meanwhile, the method comprises the measurement of the turnout gap position. By applying the method, the environmental requirement is simple, the measurement precision is high, the anti-interference performance is strong, and a good foundation is laid for the prediction and maintenance of the turnout.
In addition, when the switch driven by the switch machine is turned to the positioning or reverse position, after the action rod stops, the friction coupling continues to rotate in a friction mode to the stop through the short-time work and the rotational inertia of the motor, and the friction resistance can be calculated by measuring the absolute distance of the magnetic grids before and after rotation, wherein the force is the friction resistance when the switch is tightly attached. The defect of adopting a resistance adding block testing method is overcome, namely the friction resistance in the process of equivalent switch close contact is obtained through the friction resistance in the middle of the switch obtained through measurement, the equivalence is indirect and inaccurate, and meanwhile, the service life of a friction belt is damaged (the motor needs to continuously rotate for 40s every time the method works).
3) The whole-course synchronism of the important parameter measurement.
The main and auxiliary indicating rods are synchronously measured in the whole process of action, so that the relative displacement of the main and auxiliary indicating rods is mainly solved, the turnout can be tightly attached in the positioning and the reverse positions, the stress condition of the turnout in the movement process can be measured, and the existence of obstacles or unsmooth movement can be inferred through the speed.
The indication rod and the friction coupler are synchronously measured in the whole process of action, the friction resistance condition can be checked in the normal working process of the turnout every time, the friction resistance is indirectly inferred without a manual resistance block adding mode, the interference to the action of the turnout is reduced, and the method is very helpful for guaranteeing the driving safety.
In a word, through synchronous, whole measuring, can guarantee switch work safe and reliable more.
In addition, auxiliary parameters such as electric parameters and environmental parameters of the point switch are introduced, so that the points can be diagnosed in all directions, and the predicted maintenance and replacement of the points are completed.
Electrical appliance parameters: for example, the current parameters of the motor in the reversed loader indicate the work of the motor, namely under different environmental parameters (such as seasonal variation, temperature and humidity variation, shifting and inclination of the track bed slag stone caused by the change of the track bed slag stone and other factors), the conditions of resistance applied to the turnout in the action process are different, the normal working parameters and the variation trend of the parameters are predicted, and the safety of turnout operation is ensured;
environmental parameters: such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc. The parameters are obtained by a temperature, humidity and acceleration sensor, the parameters directly influence the current of a motor, the moving distance and speed of a display rod, the rotating position of a friction coupler and other parameters, and after a large amount of data are accumulated in actual operation, the parameters are analyzed by a software expert system to carry out omnibearing diagnosis on the turnout, so that the turnout prediction maintenance and replacement are completed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the turnout notch, the turnout action current and the friction force are linked, and the whole process of one turnout action comprises turnout current opening, indicating rod movement, turnout current closing after in-place, indicating rod stopping and friction coupler rotation stopping. They are linked and the measurements of all these parameters are synchronized and can be displayed graphically (with time as abscissa).
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a turnout operation overall process monitoring device based on magnetic grid measurement, which mainly includes: three double-magnetic-grid ruler and three magnetic sensor groups;
the main and auxiliary indicating rods and the friction coupler are respectively provided with double magnetic grid rulers, and a magnetic sensor group is arranged in a set distance of each double magnetic grid ruler; the double magnetic grid ruler comprises two magnetic grid rulers with different magnetic poles, and each magnetic grid ruler is provided with a plurality of N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles alternately;
when the turnout is in action, the number of two magnetic poles in the corresponding double-magnetic-grid ruler on the main and auxiliary indicating rod is read respectively through the corresponding magnetic sensor group, and the respective absolute position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is determined through the difference value of the number of the two magnetic poles, so that the relative position of the main and auxiliary indicating rod is obtained; based on the same principle, the absolute positions before and after rotation are measured by the magnetic sensor group and the double magnetic grid ruler on the friction coupler, so that the relative distance after rotation is obtained, and the friction resistance is further determined.
The turnout gaps are respectively positioned on the main and auxiliary indicating rods, and the walking distance is determined through the absolute position and the relative position of the main and auxiliary indicating rods, so that the turnout junction density and the gap position are determined.
The friction coupler is an annular device, and annular double magnetic grid rulers are distributed on the outer side of the friction coupler.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN111911555A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-11-10 | 万庆文 | Friction coupling for turnout point machine |
| CN111964883B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-12-24 | 西安铁路信号有限责任公司 | Method for detecting position of moving part in swing structure |
| CN111874035A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-03 | 西安天宝信号技术有限公司 | Railway switch tongue or point rail state real-time supervision close-fitting inspection ware |
| CN112660200B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-22 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Railway turnout position measuring device and method based on magnetic coding |
| CN117246377A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-12-19 | 太原市京丰铁路电务器材制造有限公司 | A monitoring device and method for monitoring the absolute displacement of railway switch rods |
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| CN106184288A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-07 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | A kind of direct current track switch notch state detection method |
| CN208736334U (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-04-12 | 西安铁路信号有限责任公司 | A kind of detection device of linear reciprocal movement part position |
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