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CN111009885B - Method for preventing lightning counterattack of power distribution cabinet - Google Patents

Method for preventing lightning counterattack of power distribution cabinet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111009885B
CN111009885B CN201910984209.9A CN201910984209A CN111009885B CN 111009885 B CN111009885 B CN 111009885B CN 201910984209 A CN201910984209 A CN 201910984209A CN 111009885 B CN111009885 B CN 111009885B
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power distribution
distribution cabinet
potential
recoil
ground
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CN111009885A (en
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张奇星
李继强
王国锋
骆耀敬
郭克竹
庞智毅
唐佳雄
黄上师
王巨丰
王嬿蕾
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Nanning Chaofu Electric Technology Co ltd
Guangxi University
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Nanning Chaofu Electric Technology Co ltd
Guangxi University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/30Lightning protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/005Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection avoiding undesired transient conditions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种防止配电柜雷电反击的方法,属于配电柜防雷技术领域,所述方法包括如下步骤:在配电柜的供电线上设置隔离变压器,在隔离变压器的次级绕组和初级绕组之间设置有屏蔽层;当雷击于风机时,雷击点地电位抬高,风机下方的配电柜接地侧电位随着地电位抬高而抬高;当配电柜接地侧电位上升时,配电柜的高电位侧同步上升;通过设置屏蔽层接地,同时配电柜与次级绕组相连,加在配电柜内设备上的电压差永远为电源电压,电位差恒定,消除地网高电位差引起的反击,避免造成设备损坏。通过等电位技术与参考电位浮动技术,实现雷击点电位参考点就是电源电压参考点,配电柜内设备两端电位差恒定,解决了因雷电反击造成柜内设备被打坏的问题。

Figure 201910984209

The invention discloses a method for preventing lightning strike back of a power distribution cabinet, belonging to the technical field of lightning protection of power distribution cabinets. The method includes the steps of: arranging an isolation transformer on the power supply line of the power distribution cabinet, and installing an isolation transformer on the secondary winding of the isolation transformer A shielding layer is arranged between the wind turbine and the primary winding; when lightning strikes the fan, the ground potential of the lightning strike point rises, and the potential of the ground side of the power distribution cabinet below the fan rises with the rise of the ground potential; when the potential of the ground side of the power distribution cabinet rises , the high potential side of the power distribution cabinet rises synchronously; by setting the shielding layer to ground, and the power distribution cabinet is connected to the secondary winding at the same time, the voltage difference applied to the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is always the power supply voltage, and the potential difference is constant, eliminating the ground grid Counterattack caused by high potential difference to avoid equipment damage. Through the equipotential technology and the reference potential floating technology, the potential reference point of the lightning strike point is the reference point of the power supply voltage, and the potential difference between the two ends of the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is constant, which solves the problem of damage to the equipment in the cabinet due to lightning strikes.

Figure 201910984209

Description

Method for preventing lightning counterattack of power distribution cabinet
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection of power distribution cabinets, in particular to a method for preventing lightning counterattack of a power distribution cabinet.
Background
With the rapid development of electric power construction, single electric power equipment is larger, and the impact of lightning on the safe operation and the economic benefit of distribution equipment is increasingly prominent.
Years of researches on lightning stroke accidents of fans show that the lightning stroke accident rate of each hundred fans is as high as about 8% every year, and component systems which are easy to damage due to lightning stroke mainly comprise an electrical communication system, a control system, blades and a generator. Wherein, the probability of the control system is the maximum and is about 40 to 50 percent. The lightning strike damage of the fan control system is mainly concentrated on a PLC control module at the top and a control cabinet module at the bottom, which respectively account for 65% and 22% of the total failure rate of the control system, and the modules mainly control the yawing, hydraulic, variable pitch and system communication of the fan and play an important role in the safe operation of a single fan.
The height of the fan is generally over 100 meters, and the fan is mostly in open fields, hills or mountains and is easily influenced and damaged by the outside; the geological conditions of hilly and high mountain terrains where the fan is located are stable, the soil resistivity is high, the current leakage capacity is reduced, the lightning current cannot flow into the ground quickly, and the lightning counterattack accident is caused. The control system of wind turbine generator blades, a power distribution cabinet, the control system of a wind measuring tower, the control communication telemechanical system in a wind field, a power transmission line and electronic equipment are prone to failure caused by lightning stroke, mainly because the grounding resistance of the wind turbine generator and a power transmission tower grounding grid is high due to corrosion of severe environment, when the wind turbine generator and the power transmission tower are struck by lightning, the ground potential is raised to form counterattack overvoltage, and therefore fan equipment is damaged. The higher the ground resistance, the higher the resulting back-strike voltage and the greater the probability of causing damage to the device. At present, the measure of surge protector is adopted to well accuse and fan switch board cabinet, but surge protector is still taken place occasionally by the accident that thunder damaged, and control system is also fairly high because of the probability that thunderbolt damaged.
Aiming at the problems, a method for preventing the lightning counterattack of the power distribution cabinet is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing a power distribution cabinet from being counterstruck by thunder and lightning, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background technology. The lightning overvoltage in the method can not invade the weak current system power distribution cabinet through the low-voltage line, and the safety of equipment in the power distribution cabinet is ensured.
A method of preventing lightning from intruding into a power distribution cabinet, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: an isolation transformer is arranged on a power supply wire of the power distribution cabinet, and a shielding layer is arranged between a secondary winding and a primary winding of the isolation transformer;
step 2: when lightning strikes on the fan, the ground potential of a lightning strike point is raised, and the potential of the grounding side of the power distribution cabinet below the fan is raised along with the raising of the ground potential;
and step 3: when the potential of the grounding side of the power distribution cabinet rises, the high potential side of the power distribution cabinet rises synchronously;
and 4, step 4: through setting up shielding layer ground connection, the switch board links to each other with secondary winding simultaneously, and the voltage difference that adds on the interior equipment of switch board is mains voltage forever, and the potential difference is invariable, eliminates the counterattack that the high potential difference of earth mat arouses, avoids causing equipment to damage.
Furthermore, a grounding capacitor is arranged at the bottom of the shielding layer, and the other end of the grounding capacitor is grounded.
Furthermore, a recoil device is arranged on a power transmission line between the isolation transformer and the power supply, an air gap of the recoil device is broken down, and the recoil device extinguishes impact flashover electric arcs caused by high potential difference.
Further, the recoil device comprises an arc guide electrode and a recoil pipe, the arc guide electrode is arranged on the power transmission line, the recoil pipe and the arc guide electrode are arranged in a gap mode, when the power transmission line is in a high point position, the gap is conducted, electric arcs are generated, and the recoil pipe introduces the electric arcs and recoils to weaken or extinguish the electric arcs.
Furthermore, the recoil pipe comprises a recoil pipe supporting body, a recoil channel, a skirt edge and a recoil electrode, the recoil channel is arranged in the recoil pipe supporting body, the top end of the recoil channel is provided with an opening, the bottom of the recoil channel is sealed, the recoil electrode is arranged at the bottom of the recoil channel, and the skirt edge is arranged on the outer side of the recoil pipe supporting body.
Furthermore, the bottom of the backflushing pipe support body is provided with an earthing electrode, and the earthing electrode is arranged as an inwards-concave metal internal thread hole and is connected with an earthing wire.
Furthermore, in the step 4, the lightning point potential is the power supply voltage reference potential, and the voltage difference between two sides of the power distribution cabinet is always kept constant through the isolation transformer and the equipotential technology, namely the power supply voltage value, so that the equipment damage caused by counterattack is avoided.
Furthermore, in step 4, an equipotential technology and a reference potential floating technology are formed through the arrangement of the isolation transformer, when the ground potential is raised due to lightning counterattack, the reference potential of the grounding end of the power distribution cabinet is also raised synchronously, and since the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is connected with the secondary side of the isolation transformer, the voltage difference applied to the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is always the power supply voltage, namely 220V, the equipotential technology is adopted to replace the ground grid to reduce the resistance, the lowest potential (reference potential) of the power distribution cabinet is the lightning point potential, the highest potential is the lightning point potential plus the power supply voltage value (220V), and the potential difference between the two is still 220V; the lightning strike point potential (reference potential) is floated, and the potential difference is constant, so that counterattack caused by high potential difference of the ground grid is eliminated.
Furthermore, the isolation transformer comprises a primary coil, a secondary coil, an iron core and a metal shielding layer, wherein the metal shielding layer is arranged between the primary coil and the secondary coil, is connected to the shell through a lead and is grounded, and divides the capacitance between the primary side and the secondary side into two parts, so that the shielding effect is achieved; in the case of a high system frequency, a high interference immunity can be achieved by adding an electrostatic shield.
Furthermore, the method for preventing the lightning from invading the power distribution cabinet is suitable for protecting the power distribution cabinet of the generator set from lightning counterattack.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. through equipotential technique and reference potential floating technique, realize that the thunderbolt point potential reference point is the power voltage reference point, both unify, the potential difference of equipment both ends is invariable in the switch board, has solved because of the thunder and lightning counterattack causes the problem that the equipment was broken in the cabinet.
2. The adoption of the equipotential technology and the reference potential floating technology ensures that the lightning counterattack protection does not depend on the ground screen resistor any more and is also irrelevant to the lightning intensity.
3. The technology can replace the existing surge protector, and the protection effect of lightning counterattack is better than that of the surge protector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution cabinet system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of an isolation transformer according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system counterattack.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another configuration of the power distribution system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the recoil assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a fan; 2-a power distribution cabinet; 3-isolating the transformer; 3.1-secondary winding; 3.2-iron core; 3.3-primary winding; 3.4-shielding layer; 3.5-grounded capacitance; 4-a power supply; 5-a recoil device; 5.1-arc-conducting electrode; 5.2-backflushing the pipe; 5.21-backflush tube support; 5.22-recoil channel; 5.23-skirt; 5.24-ground electrode; 5.25-arc-striking electrode; 5.26-recoil electrode; 6-transmission line.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
An embodiment of the invention is further described in accordance with the above-described principle description and with reference to fig. 1:
example 1:
a method of preventing lightning from intruding into a power distribution cabinet, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: an isolation transformer 3 is arranged on a power supply line of the power distribution cabinet 2, and a shielding layer 3.4 is arranged between a secondary winding 3.3 and a primary winding 3.1 of the isolation transformer 3. The bottom of the shielding layer 3.4 is provided with a grounding capacitor 3.5, and the other end of the grounding capacitor 3.5 is grounded.
Step 2: when thunderbolt in the fan, the thunderbolt point ground potential is raised, and 2 ground connection side electric potentials of switch board below the fan are raised along with the ground potential. The isolation transformer 3 comprises a primary coil, a secondary coil, an iron core and a metal shielding layer, wherein the metal shielding layer is arranged between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the shielding layer is connected to the shell through a wire and is grounded, and the shielding layer 3.4 divides a capacitor between the primary side and the secondary side into two capacitors, so that a shielding effect is achieved; in the case of a high system frequency, a high interference immunity can be achieved by adding an electrostatic shield.
And step 3: when the potential of the grounding side of the power distribution cabinet 2 rises, the high potential side of the power distribution cabinet 2 rises synchronously.
And 4, step 4: through setting up shielding layer ground connection, switch board 2 links to each other with secondary winding simultaneously, and the voltage difference that adds on 2 interior equipment of switch board is mains voltage forever, and the potential difference is invariable, eliminates the counterattack that the high potential difference of earth mat arouses, avoids causing equipment to damage. The lightning point potential is a power supply voltage reference potential, and the voltage difference between two sides of the power distribution cabinet 2 is always kept constant through an isolation transformer and an equipotential technology, namely, the power supply voltage value, so that equipment damage caused by counterattack is avoided.
An equipotential technology and a reference potential floating technology are formed through the arrangement of an isolation transformer, when the ground potential is raised due to lightning counterattack, the reference potential of the grounding end of a power distribution cabinet 2 is also raised synchronously, and because equipment in the power distribution cabinet 2 is connected with the secondary side of the isolation transformer, the voltage difference of the equipment added in the power distribution cabinet 2 is always power supply voltage, namely 220V, the equipotential technology is adopted to replace grounding grid resistance reduction, the lowest potential (reference potential) of the power distribution cabinet 2 is the lightning stroke point potential, the highest potential is the lightning stroke point potential plus the power supply voltage value (220V), and the potential difference of the two is still 220V; the lightning strike point potential (reference potential) is floated, and the potential difference is constant, so that counterattack caused by high potential difference of the ground grid is eliminated.
The method for preventing the lightning from invading the power distribution cabinet 2 is suitable for the protection of the power distribution cabinet 2 of the generator set against the lightning.
Equipotential technique (reference potential floating):
if no isolation transformer is arranged between the power distribution cabinet 2 and an external power supply, when the fan is struck by lightning, the ground potential is raised to easily form counterattack overvoltage, so that equipment in the power distribution cabinet 2 and other control equipment are damaged. The higher the grounding resistance, the higher the back-strike overvoltage formed, and the greater the probability of causing equipment damage. Under the lightning counterattack overvoltage, the surge protector in the power distribution cabinet 2 is often damaged, so that the protection function is lost. The equipotential technology and the reference potential floating technology are adopted, through the arrangement of the isolation transformer, when the ground potential is raised due to lightning counterattack, the reference potential of the grounding end of the power distribution cabinet 2 is also raised synchronously, and because the equipment in the power distribution cabinet 2 is connected with the secondary side of the isolation transformer, the voltage difference of the equipment in the power distribution cabinet 2 is always the power voltage, namely 220V. Adopting an equipotential technology to replace the resistance reduction of a ground grid, wherein the lowest potential (reference potential) of the power distribution cabinet 2 is the potential of a lightning strike point, the highest potential is the potential of the lightning strike point plus the voltage value (220V) of a power supply, and the potential difference between the two is still 220V; the lightning strike point potential (reference potential) is floated, and the potential difference is constant, so that counterattack caused by high potential difference of the ground grid is eliminated.
An isolation transformer is a transformer in which an input winding and an output winding are electrically isolated from each other, and the transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is usually 1:1, and the isolation transformer mainly plays a role in: the primary side and the secondary side are completely electrically insulated, and the loop is also isolated. The power supply of the equipment in the wind power plant fan power distribution cabinet 2 is provided by an external 220V alternating current power supply, and the isolation transformer is arranged between the 220V alternating current power supply and the power distribution cabinet 2, so that the transmission of electric energy (the voltage of a primary side is equal to that of a secondary side) can be realized, and an electric channel between a primary coil and a secondary coil can be blocked.
Structure of the isolation transformer 3: primary coil, secondary coil, iron core, metal shielding layer. The common low-voltage isolation transformer is mainly formed by coating insulating paint on the outer surface of a metal winding coil and then winding a primary coil and a secondary coil on the same iron core. The metal shielding layer is arranged between the primary coil and the secondary coil, and the shielding layer is connected to the shell through a lead and is grounded. The function of the shielding layer is as follows: the shielding layer divides the capacitance between the primary side and the secondary side into two parts, so that the shielding effect is achieved; in the case of a high system frequency, a high interference immunity can be achieved by adding an electrostatic shield.
Further, the method is not limited to lightning counterattack protection of the fan power distribution cabinet 2, and is also applicable to lightning counterattack protection of the power distribution cabinets 2 of other generator sets.
As shown in fig. 1, the power supply of the equipment in the power distribution cabinet 2 of the fan 1 is provided by an external 220V ac power supply, and the isolation transformer 3 is arranged between the 220V ac power supply and the power distribution cabinet 2, so that not only can the transmission of electric energy be realized (the voltage of the primary side and the voltage of the secondary side are equal), but also the electric channel between the primary coil 4 and the secondary coil 5 can be blocked.
As shown in fig. 2, the structure of the isolation transformer 3: primary coil 4, secondary coil 5, iron core 6, metal shielding layer 7. The conventional low-voltage isolation transformer 3 is mainly formed by coating insulating paint on the outside of a metal winding coil and then winding a primary coil and a secondary coil on the same iron core. The metal shielding layer 7 is arranged between the primary coil and the secondary coil, and the shielding layer is connected to the shell through a lead and is grounded. Function of the shielding layer 7: the shielding layer divides the capacitance between the primary side 4 and the secondary side 5 into two parts, so that the shielding effect is achieved; in the case of a high system frequency, a high interference immunity can be achieved by adding an electrostatic shield.
As shown in fig. 3, the equipotential technology and the reference potential floating technology are adopted, and through the arrangement of the isolation transformer 3, after the ground potential is raised due to the lightning counterattack, the reference potential of the grounding end of the power distribution cabinet 2 is also raised synchronously, and because the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is connected with the secondary side of the isolation transformer, the voltage difference of the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is always the power voltage, namely 220V. Adopting an equipotential technology to replace the resistance reduction of a ground grid, wherein the lowest potential (reference potential) of the power distribution cabinet 2 is a lightning potential, the highest potential is the lightning potential plus a power supply voltage value (220V), and the potential difference between the two is still 220V; the lightning strike potential (reference potential) is floating and the potential difference is constant, thus eliminating counterattack caused by high potential difference of the ground grid.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5-6, a recoil device 5 is arranged on a transmission line 6 between the isolation transformer 3 and the power supply 4, an air gap of the recoil device 5 is broken down, and the recoil device 5 extinguishes an impact flashover arc caused by high potential difference. The backflushing device 5 comprises an arc guide electrode 5.1 and a backflushing pipe 5.2, the arc guide electrode 5.1 is arranged on the power transmission line 6, the backflushing pipe 5.2 and the arc guide electrode 5.1 are arranged in a gap mode, when the power transmission line 6 is in a high point position, the gap is conducted, electric arcs are generated, and the backflushing pipe 5.2 introduces the electric arcs and backflushes to weaken or extinguish the electric arcs. The recoil pipe 5.2 comprises a recoil pipe support body 5.21, a recoil channel 5.22, a skirt 5.23 and a recoil electrode 5.24, the recoil channel 5.22 is arranged in the recoil pipe support body 5.21, the top end of the recoil channel 5.22 is provided with an opening, the bottom of the recoil channel is sealed, the recoil electrode 5.1 is arranged at the bottom of the recoil channel 5.22, and the skirt 5.23 is arranged at the outer side of the recoil pipe support body 5.21. And the bottom of the recoil pipe supporting body 5.21 is provided with an earthing electrode, and the earthing electrode is an inwards-sunken metal internal thread hole and is connected with an earthing wire.
The number of the skirt edges 5.23 is several, the skirt edges are arranged on the outer side of the recoil pipe supporting body 5.21 at equal intervals, and the skirt edges 5.23 are of circular arc structures. The recoil electrode 5.26 is made of a metal material, and the recoil electrode 5.26 is of a hemispherical structure or a spherical structure. The number of skirts 5.23 is typically 5-7 and the distance provided is typically 60 mm.
When flashover occurs, the arc striking electrode 5.25 forms an ascending pilot by physical touch, coulomb force action and point discharge on a flashover arc, the arc is dragged to an inner inlet of the recoil channel 5.22, an outer arc enters the superfine recoil channel 5.22 under the action of the lightning receiving electrode, and the inner diameter of the recoil channel 5.22 is far smaller than the diameter of the arc.
The material of the wall of the recoil pipe 5.2 needs to be high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant insulating material, such as ceramic and the like. The high-strength high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant non-conductive material is made of any one of alloy ceramic, rare earth ceramic, graphene-ceramic composite material, organic ceramic, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating material, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass and organic glass. The material has the characteristic of high arc extinction threshold, and is made of a high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant non-conductive material, so that the burning temperature is higher.
The arc column is filled by the narrow pipe in the recoil channel 5.22, the arc generates elastic deformation, the radial deformation of the arc is converted into axial deformation, and the axial elastic force of the arc is improved.
The electric arc is limited by the pipe wall in the recoil channel 5.22, the diameter of the arc column is forcibly reduced, so that the conductive cross section area of the whole electric arc is reduced, the electric arc resistance is increased, and the power calculation formula is as follows: p ═ I2R, it is known that the arc power also increases, and the heat and temperature in the tube increase.
The inlet electric arc and the outlet electric arc generate 180-degree opposite impact collision in the tube, so that channels of electric arc radiation, convection, conduction and loss are cut off, heat dissipation is blocked, and the temperature is further increased; at the same time, the density of the arc plasma in the tube is greatly increased, the friction and collision among particles are accelerated, and the heat and the temperature are increased again.
The temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the recoil pipe is increased, so that the pressure difference is increased, when the pressure in the recoil pipe is greater than the pressure outside the pipe, the directional electric arc explosion effect from inside to outside is generated, and the explosion effect causes the electric arc discharge: on the one hand, the arc in the tube is rapidly evacuated; and on the other hand, the outer arc cavity effect blocks the injection of the energy of the outer arc.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:1. a method for preventing lightning from invading power distribution cabinet, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps: 步骤1:在配电柜的供电线上设置隔离变压器,在隔离变压器的次级绕组和初级绕组之间设置有屏蔽层;Step 1: Set an isolation transformer on the power supply line of the power distribution cabinet, and set a shielding layer between the secondary winding and the primary winding of the isolation transformer; 步骤2:当雷击于风机时,雷击点地电位抬高,风机下方的配电柜接地侧电位随着地电位抬高而抬高;Step 2: When lightning strikes the fan, the ground potential of the lightning strike point is raised, and the potential of the ground side of the power distribution cabinet under the fan is raised as the ground potential is raised; 步骤3:当配电柜接地侧电位上升时,配电柜的高电位侧同步上升;Step 3: When the potential on the ground side of the power distribution cabinet rises, the high potential side of the power distribution cabinet rises synchronously; 步骤4:通过设置屏蔽层接地,同时配电柜与次级绕组相连,加在配电柜内设备上的电压差永远为电源电压,电位差恒定,消除地网高电位差引起的反击,避免造成设备损坏;Step 4: By setting the shielding layer to ground, and at the same time connecting the power distribution cabinet to the secondary winding, the voltage difference applied to the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is always the power supply voltage, and the potential difference is constant, eliminating the counterattack caused by the high potential difference of the ground network and avoiding cause equipment damage; 所述隔离变压器与供电电源之间的输电线上设置有反冲装置,反冲装置的空气间隙被击穿,反冲装置熄灭高电位差引起的冲击闪络电弧;A recoil device is arranged on the transmission line between the isolation transformer and the power supply, the air gap of the recoil device is broken down, and the recoil device extinguishes the impact flashover arc caused by the high potential difference; 所述反冲装置包括导弧电极和反冲管,所述导弧电极设置在输电线,所述反冲管与导弧电极间隙设置,当输电线出现高点位时,间隙被导通,产生电弧,反冲管将电弧引入并反冲削弱或者熄灭电弧;The recoil device includes an arc-guiding electrode and a recoil tube, the arc-guiding electrode is arranged on the transmission line, and the recoil tube and the arc-guiding electrode are arranged in a gap. An arc is generated, and the recoil tube introduces the arc and recoils to weaken or extinguish the arc; 所述反冲管包括反冲管支撑体、反冲通道、裙边和反冲电极,所述反冲通道设置在反冲管支撑体内,所述反冲通道顶端开口设置,底部封闭设置,所述反冲电极设置在反冲通道的底部,所述裙边设置在反冲管支撑体的外侧;The recoil pipe includes a recoil pipe support body, a recoil channel, a skirt and a recoil electrode, the recoil channel is arranged in the recoil pipe support body, the top of the recoil channel is open and the bottom is closed, so The recoil electrode is arranged at the bottom of the recoil channel, and the skirt is arranged on the outer side of the recoil tube support body; 所述反冲管支撑体底部设置有接地电极,接地电极设置为向内凹陷的金属内螺纹孔,与接地线连接。The bottom of the recoil pipe support body is provided with a ground electrode, and the ground electrode is set as a metal inner threaded hole recessed inward, and is connected with the ground wire. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于:所述屏蔽层底部设置有接地电容,接地电容的另一端接地。2 . The method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet according to claim 1 , wherein a grounding capacitor is provided at the bottom of the shielding layer, and the other end of the grounding capacitor is grounded. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4中,雷击点电位就是电源电压参考电位,通过隔离变压器与等电位技术使配电柜两侧的电压差始终保持恒定,即电源电压值,避免了反击造成的设备损坏。3. The method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the potential of the lightning strike point is the reference potential of the power supply voltage, and the power distribution cabinet is made by isolating the transformer and the equipotential technology. The voltage difference on both sides is always kept constant, that is, the power supply voltage value, which avoids equipment damage caused by counterattack. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4中,通过隔离变压器的设置,形成等电位技术与参考电位浮动技术,当雷电反击使地电位抬高后,配电柜接地端参考电位也同步抬高,由于配电柜内设备与隔离变压器的次级侧相连,因此加在配电柜内设备上的电压差永远为电源电压,即220V,采用等电位技术来取代地网降阻,配电柜的最低电位为雷击点电位,最高电位为雷击点电位加上电源电压值,两者电位差仍然是220V;雷击点电位浮动,电位差恒定,因而消除了地网高电位差引起的反击。4. The method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, an equipotential technology and a reference potential floating technology are formed through the setting of the isolation transformer. After the ground potential is raised, the reference potential of the ground terminal of the power distribution cabinet is also raised simultaneously. Since the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is connected to the secondary side of the isolation transformer, the voltage difference applied to the equipment in the power distribution cabinet is always the power supply voltage. That is, 220V, the equipotential technology is used to replace the ground grid resistance reduction. The lowest potential of the power distribution cabinet is the lightning strike point potential, and the highest potential is the lightning strike point potential plus the power supply voltage value, and the potential difference between the two is still 220V; the lightning strike point potential floats, The potential difference is constant, thus eliminating the counterattack caused by the high potential difference of the ground grid. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于:所述隔离变压器包括初级线圈、次级线圈、铁芯和金属屏蔽层,金属屏蔽层设置于初级线圈与次级线圈之间,屏蔽层通过导线连接于外壳并接地,屏蔽层将初级侧与次级侧之间的电容分为两个,起到了屏蔽作用;在系统频率高的情况下,通过加置静电屏蔽,能够获得高的抗干扰性。5 . The method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet according to claim 1 , wherein the isolation transformer comprises a primary coil, a secondary coil, an iron core and a metal shielding layer, and the metal shielding layer is arranged on the primary coil. 6 . Between it and the secondary coil, the shielding layer is connected to the casing and grounded by wires, and the shielding layer divides the capacitance between the primary side and the secondary side into two, which plays a shielding role; in the case of high system frequency, by adding Set electrostatic shield, can obtain high anti-interference. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法,其特征在于:所述防止雷电入侵配电柜的方法适用于发电机组配电柜雷电反击的防护。6 . The method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet according to claim 1 , wherein the method for preventing lightning from invading a power distribution cabinet is suitable for protection against lightning counterattack in the power distribution cabinet of a generator set. 7 .
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