CN111007321B - Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method - Google Patents
Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111007321B CN111007321B CN201911294944.3A CN201911294944A CN111007321B CN 111007321 B CN111007321 B CN 111007321B CN 201911294944 A CN201911294944 A CN 201911294944A CN 111007321 B CN111007321 B CN 111007321B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/16—Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
- G01R27/18—Measuring resistance to earth, i.e. line to ground
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a processing circuit of a power supply output end, electronic equipment and a method for detecting impedance to ground, wherein the processing circuit comprises a first voltage source, a first switch unit, a control unit, a second switch unit, an adjustable current source unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the adjustable current source unit and the second switch unit are connected in series between the second voltage source and the power supply output end, the control unit is respectively connected with the adjustable current source unit, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the voltage detection unit, the voltage of the first voltage source is larger than the voltage of the second voltage source, and the voltage detection unit is connected with the power supply output end through the second switch unit. The invention can provide basis for avoiding potential safety hazards and dangers. Meanwhile, as different ground impedance ranges are associated with the generation reasons of the ground impedance, the invention can judge the generation reasons of the ground impedance, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately coping with the ground impedance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power supply, and in particular, to a processing circuit of a power output terminal, an electronic device, and a method for detecting impedance to ground.
Background
The electronic device may include an electrical device and a power supply device, where the power supply device may be connected to the electrical device by means of a pluggable cable or a fixedly connected cable.
In the prior art, before power supply equipment supplies power to the outside, the size of the load connected to the outside is difficult to learn, if the load is too low (for example, short circuit or micro short circuit occurs), the interface is easy to cause high temperature and even burning to cause accidents, if the accessed object has sweat and other liquid, the impedance is not low, but if voltage output is kept for a long time, the metal corrosion of a power supply pin and a foot margin in a cable can be accelerated, further, the corrosion can cause the contact resistance to become large, thereby generating heating aggregation at the interface, and the interface is deformed or burnt out when serious. The load may be regarded as the impedance to ground of the power supply terminal of the power source.
Therefore, in the existing power supply equipment, potential safety hazards and dangers are easily generated because the impedance to the ground of the power supply end of the power supply is not known in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing circuit of a power supply output end, electronic equipment and a method for detecting impedance to ground, which are used for solving the problem that potential safety hazards and dangers are easy to generate.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a processing circuit of a power supply output end is provided, which comprises a first switch unit arranged on a first voltage source and the power supply output end, a control unit, a second switch unit, an adjustable current source unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the adjustable current source unit and the second switch unit are connected in series between a second voltage source and the power supply output end;
The voltage detection unit is connected with the power supply output end through the second switch unit and is used for detecting the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end;
The control unit is used for:
when the first switch unit is kept off, the second switch unit is controlled to be turned on, so that the second voltage source, the adjustable current source unit and the power supply output end are sequentially turned on;
adjusting a current value of the current output to the power output end by the second voltage source through the adjustable current source unit;
and determining a ground impedance range in which the ground impedance of the power supply output end is positioned according to the determined different current values and the detected voltage range, wherein different ground impedance ranges are associated with reasons for generating the ground impedance, and at least two different ground impedance ranges are determined according to the determined different current values adjusted by the adjustable current source unit.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to control on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the ground impedance range when the first switch unit is kept off.
Optionally, the control unit is specifically configured to implement at least one of the following when controlling the on/off of the first switch unit according to the impedance range to ground:
If the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the electric equipment is normally connected, the first switch unit is controlled to be turned on, and the second switch unit is controlled to be turned off and performs handshake communication with the electric equipment;
And if the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the power supply output end or the power supply pin of the cable connected with the power supply output end is in short circuit with the ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be turned on.
Optionally, the impedance range to ground of the power output terminal includes at least one of:
the impedance range in no-load state is matched with the ground impedance of the power output end in no-load state;
The impedance range at the time of short circuit is matched with the impedance to the ground at the time of short circuit or micro short circuit of the power supply pin of the power supply output end or the cable connected with the power supply output end;
the impedance range is matched with the ground impedance of the external object when the external object is connected to the power output end and the ground;
An impedance range when the saline liquid is connected, which is matched with the ground impedance when the saline liquid is connected between the power output end and the ground;
the impedance range during leakage is matched with the ground impedance when the leakage occurs to the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the leakage is larger than a threshold value;
optionally, the voltage detection unit comprises a comparator, wherein one input end of the comparator is used for accessing reference voltage, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to the power supply output end;
The control unit is also used for adjusting the voltage value of the reference voltage, wherein the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to the upper limit value and/or the lower limit value of each voltage range, and at least two different ground impedance ranges are determined according to the adjusted and determined different reference voltages.
Optionally, when the control unit determines the range of the impedance to ground of the power output end according to the determined different currents and the detected voltage range, the control unit is specifically configured to:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end is larger than the voltage range of the maximum target voltage, determining that the impedance range to the ground of the power supply output end is the impedance range when no load exists;
And when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is smaller than the voltage range of the minimum target voltage, determining that the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is the impedance range when the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is short-circuited.
Optionally, adjusting the determined voltage value of the reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, wherein the largest target voltage value is k times the smallest target voltage value, wherein k is greater than or equal to 10;
The adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein the maximum target current value is n times the minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000.
Optionally, adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values,
The control unit is specifically configured to, when adjusting and determining, by the adjustable current source unit, a current value of a current output from the second voltage source to the power output terminal:
And sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is performed periodically.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a ground impedance of a power output terminal, applied to a control unit in a processing circuit of the power output terminal, the processing circuit including a first switching unit disposed between a first voltage source and the power output terminal, and a second switching unit and a second voltage source, the voltage of the first voltage source being greater than the voltage of the second voltage source, the method comprising:
When the first switch unit is kept off, the second switch unit is controlled to be turned on, so that the second voltage source and the power supply output end can be turned on;
Adjusting the current value of the current output by the second voltage source to the power output end;
and determining a ground impedance range in which the ground impedance of the power supply output end is positioned according to the determined different current values and the detected voltage range, wherein the different ground impedance ranges are associated with reasons for generating the ground impedance, and at least two different ground impedance ranges are determined according to the different current values determined by adjustment.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided an electronic device comprising the processing circuitry of the power supply output of the first aspect and alternatives thereof.
In the processing circuit, the electronic equipment and the ground impedance detection method of the power supply output end, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (namely, the power supply end does not supply power to the outside with the required higher voltage), the second voltage source with smaller voltage is used for supplying power to the power supply end, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage of the power supply end during power supply, and further, the ground impedance of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the invention can detect the ground impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, thereby being beneficial to preventing potential safety hazards and dangers caused by the power supply to the outside still when the ground impedance is abnormal and providing a basis for avoiding the potential safety hazards and dangers.
Meanwhile, the current output by the second voltage source to the power supply end is regulated, so that the range of the current impedance to the ground can be accurately determined in a larger impedance span to the ground, and further, as different impedance ranges to the ground are associated with the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, the invention can be understood as judging the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately coping with the situation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing circuit of a power output according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of the voltage detecting unit, the control unit and the power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a power output processing circuit.
Reference numerals illustrate:
11-a first voltage source;
12-a first switching unit;
13-a power supply output;
14-a control unit;
15-a voltage detection unit;
151-a comparator;
16-a second voltage source;
17-an adjustable current source unit;
18-a second switching unit;
100-power supply equipment;
200-accessing a circuit;
Isrc—Current Source;
VIN-a first voltage source;
VDD-a second voltage source;
VOUT-power supply output end;
VCON-power pin;
switch-analog Switch;
FET-field effect transistor;
a Comp-comparator;
Rload-load impedance;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a ground impedance according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a ground impedance according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing circuit of a power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
The processing circuit according to the embodiment may be an integrated chip or a functional module inside an integrated chip, and any circuit capable of satisfying the following description may not depart from the description of the embodiment. The processing circuit is understood to be a circuit in a power supply device. Meanwhile, the present embodiment does not exclude the case where it is distributed in different devices.
Referring to fig. 1, the processing circuit of the power output terminal includes a first switch unit 12 disposed between a first voltage source 11 and the power output terminal 13. It will be understood that the circuit form of the related art for the power supply terminal of the power source may further include other devices connected in series and/or parallel during the implementation process, so long as the foregoing description is satisfied, and no matter whether other devices are configured or not, the description of the present embodiment will not be further deviated.
The power output terminal 13 may be understood that if the processing circuit is applied to a power supply device, the power output terminal 13 may be a fixed or detachable end connected to a cable or a powered device (e.g. may also be understood as a power pin of the power supply device), and the configuration of the power output terminal 13 may vary according to different power supply modes, for example, may be an USB Type C interface.
The first switching unit 12 may be any device capable of being turned on and off, for example, a field effect Transistor, which may also be characterized as a FET, which is abbreviated as FIELD EFFECT transmitter.
The first voltage source is understood to be any device or collection of devices that can provide direct current for the supply of electrical consumers, for example AC-DC or DC-DC power devices or combinations of devices in the supply equipment.
In this embodiment, the processing circuit of the power output end may further include a control unit 14, a second switch unit 18, an adjustable current source unit 17, and a voltage detection unit 15.
The adjustable current source unit 17 and the second switch unit 18 are connected in series between the second voltage source 16 and the power output terminal 13, and when the first switch unit 18 is turned on, the power supply of the second voltage source 16 can be delivered to the power output terminal 13, wherein the adjustable current source unit 17 can adjust the current during delivery. By means of the above second voltage source 16, the adjustable current source unit 17 and the second switching unit 18, a convenient ground impedance detection circuit basis can be created.
The adjustable current source unit 17 may be any device or collection of devices capable of adjusting the current generated by the adjustable current source unit 17 based on the supplied voltage, in which an example, the adjustable current source unit 17 may include a current source connected in series between the second voltage source and the output end of the power supply, in which another example, the adjustable current source unit 17 may also be implemented by using a pull-up resistor with controllable on-off, for example, the adjustable current source unit may include a resistor component, which may include a plurality of parallel resistor branches, where different resistor branches may generate the same impedance, may also generate different impedances, and the current adjustment may also be implemented by selecting the conducting resistor branches (including the case of simultaneously conducting a plurality of branches and also including the case of separately conducting a single branch), in other examples, the resistor may also be replaced by other devices, and in addition, the embodiment may not exclude other circuit units capable of implementing current adjustment.
The second switch unit 18 may be any device capable of implementing on/off, for example, an analog switch, which is turned on by the first switch unit 12 to perform power supply and off, so as to avoid damage to the adjustable current source unit 17 caused by power supply of the power output end 13 during normal power supply, that is, the second switch unit 18 may isolate damage to the adjustable current source unit 17 caused by high voltage possibly occurring at the power output end 13. It can be seen that in the implementation, the second switching unit 18 may be an analog switch capable of isolating high voltages.
The control unit 14 is respectively connected to the adjustable current source unit 17 and the voltage detection unit 15, and the first switch unit 12 and the second switch unit 18, where the voltage of the first voltage source 11 is greater than the voltage of the second voltage source 16, and the voltage of the second voltage source may be a low-voltage working voltage of the circuit, for example, may be 3.3V, and the voltage of the first voltage source may be a voltage for normal power supply, for example, may be 5V. The second voltage source 16 may be a voltage source obtained by reducing the voltage of the first voltage source 11, or may be a separately provided voltage source, for example, the voltage may be provided by other devices outside the first voltage source 11.
The voltage detection unit 15 is connected to the power supply output terminal 13 via the second switching unit 18, which can be understood as any circuit unit for detecting a voltage range in which the voltage of the power supply output terminal is located. The voltage range may be a voltage range greater than a certain target voltage value or a voltage range less than a certain target voltage value.
The second switch unit 18 is turned off to avoid the damage of the power supply of the power output terminal 13 to the voltage detection unit 15 during normal power supply, i.e. the second switch unit 18 can isolate the damage of the high voltage possibly occurring at the power output terminal 13 to the voltage detection unit 15.
The control unit 14 according to the present embodiment may be any circuit unit capable of implementing a corresponding control function, which may be a single integrated chip, or may be a functional unit within a certain chip, which may implement a corresponding function described in the present embodiment by using the construction of a circuit, or may implement a corresponding function described in the present embodiment by means of program execution, and this embodiment also does not exclude a combination of a circuit and a program. Meanwhile, the control unit 14 may be a control part (e.g., an information processing circuit) of the power supply apparatus integrated together, or the control unit 14 and the control part may be separate and distinct circuits.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the voltage detection unit, the control unit and the power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the voltage detecting unit 15 includes a comparator 151, and one input end of the comparator 151 is used for accessing a reference voltage, and the other input end is connected to the power output terminal 13, for example, may be connected to the power output terminal 13 via a second switching unit 18. At the same time, means for separately accessing other devices are not excluded.
In a specific implementation, the voltage value of the reference voltage may be adjustable, for example, may be controlled by the control unit 14, and further, the control unit 14 is further configured to adjust the voltage value of the reference voltage, where the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to an upper limit value and/or a lower limit value of each voltage range, and at least two different ground impedance ranges are determined according to the adjusted and determined different reference voltages.
In other embodiments, the voltage detection unit 15 may also be implemented by an analog-to-digital converter ADC of the voltage.
In this embodiment, the control unit 14 is configured to:
Controlling the second switching unit 18 to be turned on when the first switching unit 12 is kept turned off, so that the second voltage source 16, the adjustable current source unit 17 and the power output terminal 13 are sequentially turned on;
Adjusting the current value of the current output to the power output terminal 13 by the second voltage source 16 through the adjustable current source unit 17;
The range of the impedance to ground of the power supply output terminal 13 is determined based on the different determined current values and the detected voltage range.
The impedance range to ground is understood to be any specified impedance range within the impedance span to be detected.
In the case of the ground impedance, the situation may be, for example, a low impedance in which the corresponding power supply pin is short-circuited to ground (for example, a short circuit is directly formed between the terminal power supply pin and the ground pin of the external charging cable or a short circuit is formed near the ground pin in a short time), an impedance of about several hundred to several thousand ohms occurs between the corresponding power supply pin and the ground pin due to, for example, salt water or sweat, or the like, and an insertion impedance of several tens of thousands to several hundred thousand ohms may be embodied when the electric equipment (for example, a mobile phone) is connected (when the power supply output is in a power supply channel off state). As can be seen, the present embodiment facilitates the implementation of a corresponding countermeasure based on the measured impedance range by determining the range of impedance to ground within the span. In this embodiment, the different ground impedance ranges are thus associated with the cause of the ground impedance, at least two different ground impedance ranges being determined from the different current values determined by the adjustable current source unit adjustment, which is also understood to be determined at the different current values determined by the adjustable current source unit adjustment.
In one embodiment, the impedance range to ground of the power output terminal includes at least one of:
The input impedance range is understood to be the input impedance range which is shown by normal electric equipment and is matched with the ground impedance when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power output end (at the moment, the first switch is opened) and the ground on the premise that the power is disconnected (namely, the first switch is opened), and the input impedance range is more than 3 Mohms (namely, 3000 Kohms);
The impedance range in normal power supply is matched with the impedance to the ground when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power output end and the ground, and can be 30K to 3000K ohm;
A short-circuit-time impedance range that matches the ground impedance of the power output or the power pin of the cable to which it is connected when short-circuited or micro-short-circuited to ground, which may be, for example, 0 to 300 ohms;
the impedance range when the foreign object is connected, which is matched with the ground impedance when the foreign object is connected with the power output end and the ground, and can be between 30K and 3000K ohms;
A saline liquid connection impedance range which is matched with the ground impedance when the saline liquid is connected between the power output end and the ground, wherein the saline liquid can be 300-3K ohms, and can be a material with lower impedance such as saline water, sweat and the like;
The impedance range during leakage is matched with the impedance to the ground when the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end is in leakage and the current value of the leakage is larger than a threshold value, and the impedance range can be, for example, a situation that a certain degree of interface is blocked and short-circuited, the interface is moist or the quality is general to generate leakage, and an electronic load with larger leakage current is connected, and the impedance range can be specifically 3K to 30K ohms.
The no-load impedance range, the normal power supply impedance range, the electric leakage impedance range, the salt-containing liquid access impedance range and the short circuit impedance range can be distributed in sequence from large to small, and the foreign object access impedance range can be smaller than the no-load impedance range and larger than the electric leakage impedance range.
When determining the impedance range to the ground, the impedance range may be determined according to the interval range of the voltage measured after the current is adjusted once, or may be determined according to the value range of the voltage obtained each time after the current is adjusted many times.
Because of the large spans of impedance to ground, which may span a range of 0 to 3 mohms, the current values of the currents referred to above and the voltage values of the reference voltages may be correspondingly selected to match the spans.
In one embodiment, adjusting the determined voltage value of the reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, wherein the largest target voltage value is k times the smallest target voltage value, wherein k is greater than or equal to 10. The adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein the maximum target current value is n times the minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000. Based on the values of n and k exemplified herein, it is convenient to more efficiently complete all of the above listed impedance ranges to ground while ensuring detection of the impedance ranges.
In addition, the number of the target current values and the number of the target voltage values may be arbitrarily changed according to the requirements, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value may also be arbitrarily changed according to the requirements, for example, k may not be limited to a range greater than or equal to 10, n may not be limited to a range greater than or equal to 1000, and the values or the numbers of the n may be changed, so that the method does not deviate from the scheme of the embodiment.
Based on the configured target current value and target voltage value, the impedance to ground is the largest when no load, so that the current and the reference voltage can be adjusted to the smallest for testing, the impedance to ground is the smallest when short circuit or micro short circuit, so that the current and the reference voltage can be adjusted to the largest for testing, and further:
The control unit is specifically configured to, when determining a range of impedance to ground where the impedance to ground of the power output terminal is located, adjust the determined different currents and the detected voltage range:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end is larger than the voltage range of the maximum target voltage, determining that the impedance range to the ground of the power supply output end is the impedance range when no load exists;
And when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is smaller than the voltage range of the minimum target voltage, determining that the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is the impedance range when the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is short-circuited.
In the above scheme, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (i.e. the power supply end does not supply power to the outside with the required higher voltage), the second voltage source with smaller voltage is used for supplying power to the power supply end, and the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage of the power supply end during power supply, so that the ground impedance of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Furthermore, the embodiment can detect the ground impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, so that potential safety hazards and dangers caused by external power supply still when the ground impedance is abnormal are prevented, and a basis is provided for avoiding the potential safety hazards and dangers.
Meanwhile, the current output from the second voltage source to the power supply end is adjusted, so that the range of the current impedance to the ground can be accurately determined in a larger span of the impedance to the ground, and further, as different ranges of the impedance to the ground are associated with the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, the embodiment can be understood as being capable of judging the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately coping with the situation.
It should also be noted that, in some techniques, the command to turn on or off the power output may come from a determination of other signal lines (e.g., the CC line of the USB Type C interface is pulled down by a 5.1K ohm pull-down resistor to Ground (GND) to indicate that the standard USB Type C device load is turned on) or a response to a change in the environmental state (e.g., the interface temperature is too high to control the first switch unit of the FET to be turned off), or from a visual determination of an operator (e.g., a corresponding button is pressed after the determination), in which, in any manner, the actual situation of the impedance to ground is difficult to learn before the main power channel is turned on, and the scheme according to the embodiment may make a determination in the case that the main power channel is turned off. As mentioned above, compared with the prior art, the present embodiment can be advantageous for preventing potential safety hazards and hazards caused by external power supply when the impedance to the ground is abnormal, providing a basis for avoiding the potential safety hazards and hazards, and being capable of judging the cause of the impedance to the ground, thereby being beneficial for timely and accurately coping with the impedance.
In one embodiment, the control unit 14 is further configured to control on/off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the impedance range to ground when the first switch unit remains turned off.
In addition to controlling the on-off, at least one of reporting an alarm signal, reporting a value of the impedance to ground or its impedance range to ground, adjusting a reference voltage, adjusting a current delivered to the power output by the second voltage source, performing handshaking communication, and the like may be implemented.
In a specific implementation process, the control unit 14 may be specifically configured to implement at least one of the following when controlling the on/off of the first switch unit according to the impedance range to ground:
If the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the electric equipment is normally connected, the first switch unit is controlled to be turned on, and the second switch unit is controlled to be turned off and performs handshake communication with the electric equipment;
And if the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the power supply output end or the power supply pin of the cable connected with the power supply output end is in short circuit with the ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be turned on.
The control unit 14 is specifically configured to, when adjusting and determining, by the adjustable current source unit, a current value of the current output from the second voltage source to the power output terminal:
The current values of the currents are sequentially adjusted to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current values is performed periodically, and further, after each adjustment, an upper limit value or a lower limit value corresponding to one or more ground impedance ranges can be determined. In other alternative embodiments, means for sequential adjustment from small to small are not excluded.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a power output processing circuit.
In fig. 3, the adjustable current source unit 17 may use a current source Isrc, a current value of a current generated by the current source Isrc may also be represented by Isrc, the first Switch unit 12 may use a field effect transistor FET, the second Switch unit 18 may use an analog Switch, the voltage detection unit 15 may use a comparator Comp, meanwhile, the first voltage source 11 and a voltage thereof may also be represented by VIN, the second voltage source 16 and a voltage thereof may also be represented by VDD, a power output terminal and a voltage thereof may be represented by VOUT, a power pin of a cable or a power-using side device may be represented by VCON, and meanwhile, a load impedance Rload may be regarded as a ground impedance, and a resistance value thereof may also be represented by Rload. Wherein the left side box may be considered part of a circuit in a power supply device, the right side box may for example comprise a cable, and various impedance-forming objects connected to the cable, which may for example be circuit objects (e.g. electrical consumers, wires of the cable, etc.), non-circuit objects (e.g. foreign objects, sweat, etc.), or a combination of at least one of these.
The specific implementation of this embodiment is illustrated in fig. 3.
The number of the target voltage values of the reference voltage of the comparator Comp may be two, which may be respectively represented by Ref1 and Ref2, and the reference voltage Ref1 or Ref2 may be different voltage values according to actual needs.
In the example shown in fig. 3, the reference voltage is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator Comp, the output pin of the current source Isrc is connected to the power output terminal VOUT through the analog Switch, the output pin of the current source Isrc is also connected to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator Comp, and in other examples, the reference voltage may also be connected to the non-inverting terminal of the comparator Comp, and the output pin of the current source Isrc is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator Comp. The low voltage operating voltage of the circuit used by the second voltage source VDD, which may be generated by the first voltage source VIN or may be provided externally (e.g. by other circuits in the device), may be set to 3.3V, for example.
In the example shown in fig. 3, the EN pin and the SDA, SCL, INT pins of the control unit 14 may be used for the control unit to interact with the main body part of the power supply device to which it belongs, wherein the SDA, SCL, INT pins may be understood as pins of the I 2 C functional module in the control unit 14, and in other examples, the EN pin and the SDA, SCL, INT pins may be replaced by GPIO pins (also understood as general purpose input/output ports).
For convenience of description of the operation, it may be assumed that the current sources Isrc can be configured to 1ua,10ua,100ua and 1mA and the load impedance Rload may be detected and judged periodically (for example, 1 ms every 1 second) until the main power path from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT is controlled to be turned on based on the detection result.
Further, let Ref 1 be 0.3V and Ref2 be 3.0V, and let consider the power output terminal VOUT and the power supply pin VCON of the cable as the same power supply pin (the power output terminal VOUT and the power supply pin VCON of the cable are substantially equal after the power supply device output and the electric device are connected by the standard cable).
In the process of waiting for the access of the electronic equipment, the power supply equipment controls the FET serving as the first switching unit to be in an off state, namely, a main power supply channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power supply output end VOUT is cut off, at the moment, an analog Switch serving as the second switching unit is in an on state, the current under the control of the current source Isrc can be configured to be a target current value of 1uA, and the reference voltage is connected to the inverting end of the comparator and is configured to be Ref2=3.0V;
When the power output terminal VOUT is not connected to a cable, or the power output terminal VOUT is connected to a cable, but the power supply pin VCON in the male end of the cable is not connected to any electronic device and is in a normal idle state, the load impedance Rload seen from the power output terminal VOUT is far greater than 3 megaohms, and the voltage at the power output terminal VOUT after passing through the 1uA current source is isrc×rload and is greater than 3V (approximately equal to the voltage value of the second voltage source VDD, i.e., isrc×rload≡vdd), and then the output of the comparator Comp is at a high level.
When the control unit 14 detects that the output of the comparator Comp is at a low level at this time, the reference voltage may be adjusted from Ref2 to Ref 1=0.3V, if the output of the comparator Comp is again high at this time, the impedance of the load impedance Rload is known to be between 300K and 3000K ohms, whereas if the output of the comparator is continuously low at this time, the current value of the current source Isrc may be adjusted to a target current value of 10uA, while the reference voltage is continuously maintained at Ref 1=0.3V.
If the output of the comparator Comp is at a high level, it is known that the load impedance Rload is between 30K and 300K ohms at this time, if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 30K to 3000K ohms, it is very likely that the electric devices requiring electricity are connected in, the impedance of 30K to 3000K ohms is the load impedance that they represent under the injection of a 1uA or 10uA current source, at this time, the main power supply channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power supply output VOUT may be opened to supply power to the electric devices, and at the same time, the range information (i.e., the impedance range to ground) of the load impedance Rload at this time may also be provided to the relevant information processing circuit of the power supply device, so that the information processing circuit of the power supply device may further determine the type of the load generating the load impedance Rload.
However, even if the load impedance Rload is not a real power load, but a certain sundry with impedance of 30K to 3000K ohms overlaps the power output terminal Vout and GND or the power pins VCON and GND of the cable, damage caused by opening the power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal Vout (only a leakage current of one or two microamps to one hundred microamps is caused in the system) is avoided, and the system can process in time after accurate judgment.
Based on a similar principle to the above procedure, a load impedance Rload of 3K to 30K can be determined by adjusting the current under the control of the current source Isrc to 100uA, a load impedance Rload of 300 to 3K ohms can be determined by adjusting the current under the control of the current source Isrc to 1mA, and a load impedance Rload of less than 300 ohms (at this time, the reference voltage is ref1=0.3V, and the comparator Comp outputs a low level).
And after the load impedance Rload range is obtained according to the matching of the current source and the comparator, corresponding operation can be performed.
For example, if the load impedance Rload is less than 300 ohms, it is usually indicated that the power output terminal VOUT and GND or the power pins VCON and GND of the cable are shorted or micro-shorted, and the main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT cannot be opened, otherwise, a high temperature or fire event may occur, and in the implementation process, the control unit can alarm and feedback the impedance range or the impedance value of the load impedance Rload through the interrupt pin INT or GPIO to the main body part (such as the information processing circuit thereof);
For example, if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 300 to 3K ohms, it generally means that some materials with lower impedance such as sweat, saline water and the like, the power output terminal VOUT or the power pin of the cable, and GND form a path, and the Rload impedance range or the impedance value of the load condition can be also alarmed and fed back at this time;
For example, if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 3K to 30K, it is possible that a certain degree of interface is blocked and short-circuited, or the interface is wet, or an electronic load with general quality and larger leakage current is connected, at this time, the main power supply channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power supply output terminal VOUT may be opened, and at the same time, the impedance range of the load impedance Rload or the impedance thereof is fed back to the information processing circuit of the power supply device to determine, where the impedance range to ground may be understood as the impedance range during leakage referred to above;
For example, if the load impedance Rload is a voltage source with a certain voltage and output capability, the information processing circuit of the power supply device may perform more operations to judge and process the situation.
In summary, if the span of the access load impedance Rload is to be enlarged, it is also possible to further configure the target current value of the current source and the target voltage value of the reference voltage.
The present embodiment also provides an electronic device (i.e. the power supply circuit referred to above) including the processing circuit of the power supply output terminal referred to in the above alternative.
The electronic device may be any device capable of outputting direct current to the outside, and may be, for example, a wall plug-in charger, a vehicle-mounted charger, a mobile power supply, a travel charger, a charging pile, and the like. Meanwhile, electronic devices such as computers, household appliances, industrial appliances, etc. which are not dedicated to power supply, charging are not excluded.
In summary, in the processing circuit and the electronic device of the power output end provided in the embodiments, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (i.e., the power supply end does not supply power to the outside with the required higher voltage), the second voltage source with smaller voltage is used to supply power to the power supply end, and the voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of the power supply end during power supply, so that the ground impedance of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the embodiment can detect the ground impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, so that potential safety hazards and dangers caused by external power supply still can be prevented when the ground impedance is abnormal, and a basis is provided for avoiding the potential safety hazards and dangers.
Meanwhile, the current output from the second voltage source to the power supply end is adjusted, so that the range of the current impedance to the ground can be accurately determined in a larger span of the impedance to the ground, and further, as different ranges of the impedance to the ground are related to the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, the invention can be understood as judging the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately coping with the situation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a ground impedance according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a ground impedance according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the method for detecting the impedance to ground of the power output end is applied to a control unit in a processing circuit of the power output end, and the processing circuit can be understood as the processing circuit related to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3. The method comprises the following steps:
S21, when the first switch unit is kept off, controlling the second switch unit to be conducted so that the second voltage source and the power supply output end can be conducted;
s22, adjusting the current value of the current output by the second voltage source to the power supply output end;
And S23, determining a ground impedance range in which the ground impedance of the power supply output end is positioned according to the different determined current values and the detected voltage range, wherein the different ground impedance ranges are related to the reason for generating the ground impedance.
Optionally, after step S23, the method may further include:
and S24, when the first switch unit is kept to be disconnected, controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the ground impedance range.
Step S24 may specifically include at least one of:
If the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the electric equipment is normally connected, the first switch unit is controlled to be turned on, and the second switch unit is controlled to be turned off and performs handshake communication with the electric equipment;
And if the ground impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the power supply output end or the power supply pin of the cable connected with the power supply output end is in short circuit with the ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be turned on.
Optionally, the impedance range to ground of the power output terminal includes at least one of:
the impedance range in no-load state is matched with the ground impedance of the power output end in no-load state;
the impedance range is matched with the ground impedance when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power output end and the ground;
The impedance range at the time of short circuit is matched with the impedance to the ground at the time of short circuit or micro short circuit of the power supply pin of the power supply output end or the cable connected with the power supply output end;
the impedance range is matched with the ground impedance of the external object when the external object is connected to the power output end and the ground;
An impedance range when the saline liquid is connected, which is matched with the ground impedance when the saline liquid is connected between the power output end and the ground;
the impedance range during leakage is matched with the ground impedance when the leakage occurs to the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the leakage is larger than a threshold value;
the no-load impedance range, the normal power supply impedance range, the electric leakage impedance range, the salt-containing liquid access impedance range and the short circuit impedance range are distributed in sequence from large to small;
the impedance range of the foreign object when connected is smaller than the impedance range when in no-load and larger than the impedance range when in leakage.
Optionally, the voltage detection unit comprises a comparator, wherein one input end of the comparator is used for accessing reference voltage, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to the power supply output end;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the voltage value of the reference voltage, wherein the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to the upper limit value and/or the lower limit value of each voltage range.
Optionally, step S23 specifically includes:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end is larger than the voltage range of the maximum target voltage, determining that the impedance range to the ground of the power supply output end is the impedance range when no load exists;
And when the current value of the current is adjusted to be the maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be the minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is smaller than the voltage range of the minimum target voltage, determining that the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is the impedance range when the impedance range of the power output end to the ground is short-circuited.
Optionally, adjusting the determined voltage value of the reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, wherein the largest target voltage value is k times the smallest target voltage value, wherein k is greater than or equal to 10.
Optionally, adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein the maximum target current value is n times the minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000;
The step S23 specifically includes:
And sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is performed periodically.
In summary, in the method for detecting the impedance to ground of the power output end provided in the embodiment, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (i.e., the power supply end does not supply power to the outside with the required higher voltage), the second voltage source with smaller voltage is used to supply power to the power supply end, and the voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of the power supply end during power supply, so that the impedance to ground of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the embodiment can detect the ground impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, so that potential safety hazards and dangers caused by external power supply still can be prevented when the ground impedance is abnormal, and a basis is provided for avoiding the potential safety hazards and dangers.
Meanwhile, the current output from the second voltage source to the power supply end is adjusted, so that the range of the current impedance to the ground can be accurately determined in a larger span of the impedance to the ground, and further, as different ranges of the impedance to the ground are related to the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, the invention can be understood as judging the generation reasons of the impedance to the ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately coping with the situation.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps of implementing the various method embodiments described above may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions. The foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs the steps comprising the method embodiments described above, and the storage medium described above includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disk.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN201911294944.3A CN111007321B (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method |
| PCT/CN2020/129079 WO2021120947A1 (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2020-11-16 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device, and ground impedance measurement method |
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| CN201911294944.3A CN111007321B (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method |
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| CN111007321B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2025-07-04 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method |
| CN113726129B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-14 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Power management circuit and electronic equipment |
| CN114221400B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-11-04 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Impedance detection method for charging cable, electronic device and power supply device |
| CN114865594B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2025-03-21 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Overcurrent protection circuit, control method, DC-DC converter and electronic equipment |
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| US6194869B1 (en) * | 1998-05-21 | 2001-02-27 | Paul E. Peterzell | Circuit to connect battery to load only in presence of a load of acceptable magnitude |
| JP2007181374A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Denso Corp | Operation controller of electronic equipment for automobile |
| PL2801837T3 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Device and method for measuring insulation resistance of battery |
| CN103412231B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-11-18 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Distribution short circuit self-checking unit and method |
| CN103840530B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-06-08 | 成都市智合微电子有限公司 | The single-chip intelligent power that the multichannel independence current limliting of bringing onto load state-detection exports |
| US9720049B2 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2017-08-01 | Robert Bosch Battery Systems Llc | System and method for high voltage system isolation resistance measurement |
| CN105790360B (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2020-03-24 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Charging circuit, electronic device and information processing method |
| CN105842542A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Grounding device impacted grounding resistance measuring method and system |
| JP6838879B2 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2021-03-03 | ローム株式会社 | How to operate the power receiving device, its control circuit, electronic equipment, and power supply system |
| WO2018014965A1 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | Renesas Electronics Corporation | Open load diagnosis |
| CN206348391U (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-07-21 | 深圳远征技术有限公司 | A kind of earth resistance device |
| CN110266082B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2024-11-05 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Channel impedance detection method, charging interface detection circuit structure and electronic device |
| CN209994141U (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2020-01-24 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Chargeable electronic equipment and charging interface detection circuit structure |
| CN110426549B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2024-12-13 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Current detection circuit and electronic device for power supply channel |
| CN110572738B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2024-08-09 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Wireless earphone charging circuit and wireless earphone box |
| CN111007321B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2025-07-04 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device and ground impedance detection method |
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