CN111007258A - 一种川崎病早期诊断的试剂及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种儿童川崎病早期诊断试剂及其应用,该试剂为检测血小板反应蛋白试剂,可以用于早期诊断川崎病。本发明还提供所述试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途。通过检测疑似患儿血浆中的血小板反应蛋白的含量,辅助对川崎病进行诊断,可以早期对疑似患儿进行确诊,早期治疗,从而预防心血管等病变的发生。
Description
发明领域
本发明属于医学领域,具体的说,涉及一种用于川崎病早期诊断的试剂及其应用,尤其是通过检测血浆中血小板反应蛋白的试剂,以及该试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途。
技术背景
川崎病(Kawasaki disease,KD)好发于5岁以内的儿童,虽病因尚不明确,但普遍认为该病的发生与异常的免疫反应相关。其病理改变为全身性血管炎,可累及动脉、静脉和毛细血管,尤其以冠状动脉损害最为明显,严重者可导致冠状动脉瘤、心肌梗死及心源性猝死。目前,随着感染性疾病疗效和预后的提高,川崎病已经取代风湿热成为儿童获得性心脏病的最常见病因。该病的早期诊断、及时治疗愈来愈引起关注。
血小板反应蛋白(thrombospondins,TSP)是三聚体调节性糖蛋白,是血小板的重要成分,此外上皮细胞、间质细胞、内皮细胞及平滑肌细胞等在胚胎期或者成年时的损伤应答中都会分泌TSP。高等动物的TSP分为两类,A组包括TSP-1和TSP-2,B组包括TSP-3、TSP-4和COMP/TSP-5。其中,TSP-1是细胞外基质糖蛋白,由血小板α颗粒、成纤维细胞、血管内皮细胞等分泌;TSP-1和TSP-2参与新生血管、组织修复等重要生理过程,与多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关。近来,TSP对心血管的作用日益引起关注,研究表明,正常成人组织中TSP-1水平很低,但在动脉粥样硬化病变处,TSP-1大量表达,表明其在动脉粥样硬化性心脏病中起重要作用。但它们是否参与人类川崎病的病理生理过程尚未见报道。
目前,KD主要根据临床表现进行诊断,而无特异性诊断。临床上还有不完全KD,以及需要鉴别诊断的疾病包括麻疹、其他病毒感染(如腺病毒,肠道病毒)、葡萄球菌和链球菌素感染及猩红热等。KD虽然是是自限性疾病,大多预后良好,但少数仍可产生并发症,特别是心血管并发症,严重者可出现心肌功能不全、心血管衰竭等,因此,川崎病的早期诊断、及时治疗对于预后具有重要意义。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足,本发明通过临床观察,验证,发现血小板反应蛋白1(thrombospondins-1,TSP-1)和血小板反应蛋白2(thrombospondins-2,TSP-2)与川崎病的急性期炎症反应相关,可用于川崎病的早期诊断,因此,本发明提供:
一种检测试剂,所述检测试剂用于检测血小板反应蛋白1(thrombospondins-1,TSP-1),和/或血小板反应蛋白2(thrombospondins-2,TSP-2)。
优选的,所述检测试剂用于检测TSP-1。
更优选的,所述检测试剂用于检测TSP-1和TSP-2。
更优选的,所述检测试剂是针对上述TSP-1和/或TSP-2的抗体。
本发明还提供一种上述检测试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途。
本发明还提供一种上述检测试剂联合其他试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途,所述其他试剂为检测川崎病(KD)实验室指标的试剂。
优选的,所述KD实验室指标包括但不仅限于白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比、血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素、C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血小板、转氨酶、无菌性脓尿、脑脊液单核细胞等等。
更优选的,所述KD实验室指标包括C反应蛋白,中性粒细胞百分比,血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素等等。
本发明还提供一种试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括上述检测试剂,用于川崎病早期诊断。
优选的,所述试剂盒还包括检测川崎病(KD)实验室指标的试剂。
优选的,所述KD实验室指标包括但不仅限于白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比、血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素、C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血小板、转氨酶、无菌性脓尿、脑脊液单核细胞等等。
更优选的,所述KD实验室指标包括C反应蛋白,中性粒细胞百分比,血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素等等。
本发明还提供一种检测TSP-1和/或TSP-2的方法,所述方法包括用上述检测试剂对样本进行检测。
优选的,所述样本来源于血液。优选的,所述样本来源于血浆。
优选的,所述方法包括下列步骤:
(1)样本处理;优选的,所述样本来源于血浆。
(2)酶联免疫检测TSP-1和/或TSP-2;
(3)结果分析。
本发明的优点在于:本发明首次通过临床观察和生化检测,确定可用于川崎病早期诊断的指标,对于早期确诊,早期治疗,预防心血管等病变的发生等具有重要的意义。且试剂盒具有操作简便、成本低廉等特点。
附图说明
以下,结合附图来详细说明本发明的实施例,其中:
图1:川崎病患儿急性期与对照组血浆TSP-1及TSP-2水平变化
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1:检测川崎病血浆中的TSP-1和/或TSP-2
一、资料与方法
1.一般资料:
研究分为川崎病组及对照组。川崎病组为2009年6月至2012年3月在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院住院根据诊断标准首次确诊为川崎病的患儿,共51例,其中男33例,女18例,男女比例1.8∶1,年龄0.25~8.9岁,平均2.2岁。该组根据心脏受累情况分为2个亚组,心脏受累组指经超声心动图、心电图、心肌酶谱等检查,其中一项异常者;各项均无异常者为非心脏受累组。对照组共21例,其中男16例,女5例,男女比例3.2∶1,年龄0.42~10.8岁,平均4.7岁。该组又分为发热组及无热组。发热组12例,为同期同年龄匹配的非全身炎症反应性发热患者(上呼吸道感染、肺炎等),无热组9例,为健康儿童。所有对照组患儿经询问临床病史、体检、实验室检查后,除外患有川崎病及心血管等相关病史。
2.样本处理:
所有研究对象均于入院确诊后开始治疗前,留取空腹静脉血3ml,注入密闭含有乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)抗凝剂的采血管中,以3350×g离心15min,分离血清,置于-80℃冰箱保存。同时测定外周血心肌酶谱等指标,并行心电图、超声心动图检查,以评价冠状动脉及心脏功能状况。冠状动脉病变标准采用《诸福棠实用儿科学》第7版的制订标准。
3.TSP含量的测定:
TSP-1和TSP-2含量的测定采用人血小板反应蛋白酶联免疫分析试剂盒(北京科正佳实科技中心,Code NO.1027969,NO.1027968),按照试剂盒说明书步骤进行。
4.统计学处理:
应用SPSS16.0统计软件,各计量参数符合正态分布的TSP-1以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,各组间均数比较采用独立样本t检验;偏态分布的TSP-2以中位数(P25,P75)表示,各组间比较采用秩和检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
二、结果
川崎病患儿急性期血浆TSP-1和TSP-2的变化:急性期,川崎病患儿组血浆TSP-1水平较对照发热组及对照无热组均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),川崎病患儿组血浆TSP2水平较对照发热组明显升高(P<0.05),较对照无热组有升高的趋势(P>0.05),对照发热组与无热组比较,TSP-1、TSP-2变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。具体见图1,其中与川崎病组比较,aP=0.000,bP=0.020,cP=0.218,与对照发热组比较,dP=0.228,eP=0.111。
本申请发现,在川崎病患儿急性期,相比其他非全身炎症反应性发热或无热性疾病,TSP-1和TSP-2水平都明显升高。提示血浆TSP水平变化可能参与了川崎病早期全身炎症反应,TSP可以作为川崎病等全身免疫炎症反应疾病的预测因子,对于早期鉴别诊断具有重要临床意义。
由于川崎病患儿免疫系统和血管基质代谢紊乱,TSP-1和TSP-2水平升高在川崎病急性期可能起保护作用,以抑制免疫反应、MMP的激活及VEGF的增多。在本研究中,TSP-1的稳定性较TSP-2高,TSP-2的个体差异大,在川崎病中TSP-1保护作用更强,能更好地作为全身炎症反应性疾病的预测因子。
本研究的临床意义在于,对于临床表现为发热、皮疹,川崎病诊断标准不足情况下,TSP可以作为一个全身免疫性炎症反应的指标,有助于早期鉴别诊断。
同时,本发明的TSP-1和TSP-2可联合其他实验室检查进行早期诊断,所述其他实验室检查包括但不仅限于,白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比、血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素、C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血小板、转氨酶、无菌性脓尿、脑脊液单核细胞,其中,川崎病患者表现为白细胞总数升高、中性粒细胞百分比升高、血清钠降低、低白蛋白血症、血清总胆红素升高、C-反应蛋白(CRP)升高、红细胞沉降率(ESR)加快、血小板升高、转氨酶升高、无菌性脓尿、脑脊液单核细胞增多等。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节。在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明的思想,其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种检测试剂,所述检测试剂用于检测血小板反应蛋白1(thrombospondins-1,TSP-1),和/或血小板反应蛋白2(thrombospondins-2,TSP-2)。
2.如权利要求1所述检测试剂,其特征在于,所述检测试剂用于检测TSP-1。
3.如权利要求1所述检测试剂,其特征在于,所述检测试剂TSP-1和TSP-2。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述检测试剂,其特征在于,所述检测试剂是针对上述TSP-1和/或TSP-2的抗体。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述检测试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途。
6.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述检测试剂联合其他试剂在制备川崎病早期诊断的试剂盒中的用途,其特征在于,所述其他试剂为检测川崎病实验室指标的试剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于,所述实验室指标包括但不仅限于白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比、血清钠(Na),血清白蛋白,血清总胆红素、C-反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血小板、转氨酶、无菌性脓尿、脑脊液单核细胞。
8.如权利要求5-7任一所述的用途,其特征在于,所述TSP-1和TSP-2含量增加,用于川崎病早期诊断。
9.一种试剂盒,所述试剂盒包括如权利要求1-4任一所述检测试剂。
10.如权利要求9所述试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒还包括检测川崎病(KD)实验室指标的试剂。
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