CN110933517B - Rate switching method, client and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of multimedia technologies, and disclose a code rate switching method, a client and a computer-readable storage medium. In the present invention, the above code rate switching method includes: obtaining the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video; if a preset trigger operation is detected, then according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label of each key frame information, determine the target key frame; take the target key frame as the switching starting position, and perform bit rate switching, so that the effect of fast and smooth switching can be achieved, the probability and duration of the freeze during the switching process are reduced, and the switching process is saved. Download traffic is required.

Description

Rate switching method, client and computer-readable storage medium

technical field

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of multimedia technologies, and in particular, to a rate switching method, a client, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background technique

In the multimedia field, major mainstream clients, in order to meet the needs of users with different bandwidths, divide video definition services into several levels, such as SD, HD, and UHD. In the process of watching videos, users can subjectively switch the bit rate between video contents of different resolutions according to the changes of their own network bandwidth, so that they can enjoy a smooth viewing experience. At the same time, the client can also perform bit rate switching in an adaptive manner when the user's network bandwidth is sufficient to provide users with higher-quality video services. In order to prevent the screen from blurring, the bit rate switching needs to use the key frame as the switching point. The methods to realize the bit rate switching in the related art are: 1. According to the key frame situation in the playback buffer, select the switching time point to perform the bit rate switching; 2. Based on the transmission The first frame of a stream (Transport Stream, TS for short) segment is a key frame, and a certain TS segment is selected for bit rate switching.

However, the inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the related art: in the above-mentioned first method, when there is no key frame in the playback buffer, it is necessary to download and wait until there is a key frame in the playback buffer, which may cause a long-term freeze, And more download traffic is required. In the above-mentioned second manner, if it is determined that the rate switching needs to be performed in the nth TS segment, it is necessary to wait for the n-1th TS segment to be played, that is, to wait for the download opportunity, so that the switching time is longer. And if the actual first frame of the TS clip is a non-key frame, the screen will appear blurry. To sum up, the rate switching schemes in the related art all have inevitable defects in terms of rapidity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a code rate switching method, a client and a computer-readable storage medium, so that the effect of fast and smooth switching can be achieved, the probability and duration of jamming during the switching process can be reduced, and the time required for the switching process can be saved. Download traffic is required.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide a bit rate switching method, which includes the following steps: obtaining the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video; The playback data in the buffer and the label information of each key frame are used to determine the target key frame; and the code rate switching is performed with the target key frame as the switching starting position.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a client, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores data executable by the at least one processor The instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the rate switching method as described above.

Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned code rate switching method is implemented.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention acquires the label information of each key frame in the video currently being played; if a preset trigger operation is detected, then according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each key frame The tag information is used to determine the target key frame; and the target key frame is used as the switching start position to perform code rate switching. Based on the label information of each key frame in the video and the playback data in the current playback buffer, a reasonable target key frame can be easily selected for seamless bit rate switching. And directly use the target key frame as the switching starting position to switch the bit rate without waiting for the switching opportunity, which is conducive to achieving the effect of fast and smooth switching, reducing the probability and duration of the freeze during the switching process, and saving the time required in the switching process. download traffic.

In addition, the obtaining the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video includes: obtaining the M3U8 file of the video; wherein, the M3U8 file includes the download address of the label information of each key frame; according to the download address to download the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video. Provides a way to quickly and conveniently obtain the label information of each key frame. By extending the existing M3U8 file to carry the above download address, the client can obtain the download by parsing the M3U8 file when obtaining the M3U8 file. address, and then download the label information of each key frame. Since the M3U8 file is a file that needs to be downloaded when the client plays a video, extending the M3U8 file to carry the above download address is convenient for the client to quickly parse and obtain the above download address after downloading the M3U8 file, and the download address itself It does not take up much space and will not cause much impact on the size of existing M3U8 files.

In addition, the downloading of the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video according to the download address is specifically: after it is detected that the rendering of the first frame of the video is completed, downloading the key frame according to the download address Label information of each key frame in the currently playing video. Provides a time to download tag information. Considering that downloading the tag information before the first frame is rendered, it will take up unnecessary bandwidth; if the tag information is downloaded after the first frame is rendered, it may affect the speed of bit rate switching. That is, there may be a situation in which the label information has not been downloaded when the label information of each key frame needs to be queried. Therefore, starting the download after rendering the first frame is beneficial to achieve the effect of fast playback without occupying unnecessary bandwidth. Make sure that the main playback performance indicator, that is, the performance indicator of fast playback, is not affected to improve user experience.

In addition, the label information includes: the index sequence number of each of the key frames, the sequence number of the TS segment where each of the key frames is located, the timestamp of each of the key frames, and the position offset of the TS segment where each of the key frames is located quantity. A new definition format for the label information of key frames is proposed. Compared with the description information of key frames in related technologies, this format carries less information, reduces the cost of media asset storage and CDN caching, and saves user download traffic. to improve playback performance.

In addition, determining the target key frame according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the queried key frame includes: if it is detected that there is no key frame in the playback data of the current playback buffer, then according to the queried key frame Time stamp of the key frame, select the key frame corresponding to the time stamp before the current time stamp as the target key frame; if it is detected that there is a key frame in the playback data of the current playback buffer, then according to the current download rate estimation from the top The download duration required from a key frame to the current playback position, and the estimated playback duration from the current playback position to the next key frame; wherein, the previous key frame is the time of the key frame according to the query stamp, the key frame corresponding to the timestamp before the selected current timestamp, and the next key frame is the key frame in the current playback buffer; if the download duration is less than the playback duration, the above One key frame is determined as the target key frame; if the download duration is greater than the playback duration, the next key frame is determined as the target key frame. Provides a specific implementation method for determining the target key frame when there are no key frames in the playback data of the current playback buffer and there are key frames. Based on the playback data in the current playback buffer and the current download rate, the key frame index table is queried. To reasonably dynamically select the target key frame for switching, it is beneficial to reduce the probability of freezing during the switching process and save the user's download traffic.

In addition, using the target key frame as the switching starting position to perform bit rate switching includes: querying the position offset of the TS segment where the target key frame is located; downloading the switched data according to the queried position offset Playback data corresponding to the bit rate; wherein, the switched bit rate is determined according to the trigger operation. By querying the key frame index table, the position offset of the target key frame can be obtained conveniently and quickly, and the playback data can be downloaded directly according to the position offset of the target key frame. Compared with the related art, the embodiment of the present invention does not need to download the playback data in chronological order, and only downloads the playback data corresponding to the switched bit rate after detecting that the playback data including the key frame has been downloaded, which is beneficial to save the download traffic of the user. , to reduce the bit rate switching time.

Description of drawings

One or more embodiments are exemplified by the pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments.

1 is a flowchart of a code rate switching method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a flowchart of a code rate switching method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flow chart of the interaction between the server and the client when the code rate is switched according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a client according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that, in the various embodiments of the present invention, many technical details are set forth in order for the reader to better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can be realized. The following divisions of the various embodiments are for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention, and the various embodiments may be combined with each other and referred to each other on the premise of not contradicting each other.

The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a code rate switching method, which is applied to a client. The client may be an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a computer, and an application for playing videos is installed in the client, and the application can play videos online when connected to the Internet. When the client plays a video, it usually downloads the M3U8 file corresponding to the current bit rate first. The M3U8 file stores the download addresses of several TS segments, and the TS segments are files containing playback data. The client downloads the playback data in the TS segment according to the download address of each TS segment in the M3U8 file, and stores the downloaded playback data in the playback buffer. The client plays the corresponding TS segments according to the playback sequence of the videos. If the network environment changes, the client can switch the bit rate of the video being played to achieve the purpose of playing the video smoothly. The implementation details of the code rate switching method in this embodiment will be specifically described below. The following content is only provided for the convenience of understanding, and is not necessary for implementing this solution. The flowchart of the code rate switching method in this embodiment may be shown in FIG. 1 , including:

Step 101: Acquire label information of each key frame in the currently playing video.

The label information of each key frame, that is, the label information of all key frames in the video, may be pre-generated by the media asset management system.

In an example, the way to obtain the label information of each key frame can be as follows:

First, the client obtains the M3U8 file of the currently playing video, and the M3U8 file includes the download address of the label information of each key frame. Wherein, the download address can be added to the existing M3U8 file by extending the HTTP streaming media network transmission protocol (HTTP LiveStreaming, HLS for short). For example, use a preset tag to define the download address, and combine the HLS protocol with the download address. The preset label may be set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. The following is an example of the preset label being the EXT-X-DEFINE label. The EXT-X-DEFINE label is an officially reserved label, which makes it easier to pass the official certification. An example of an M3U8 file in this example could be as follows:

#EXTM3U

#EXT-X-VERSION:3

#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:10

#EXT-X-DEFINE:keyframeurl=http://XXXXXX.xml

#EXT-X-INF:10.000,ts

0001.ts

......

#ENDLIST

Among them, compared with the existing M3U8 file, the M3U8 file in this example also includes the download address of the label information of each key frame, that is, "#EXT-X-DEFINE:keyframeurl=http://XXXXXX.xml is added. ", indicating that the download address of the tag information of each key frame is http://XXXXXX.xml.

Next, the client can download the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video according to the download address of the label information of each key frame. Specifically, when a user is watching a video, the client can send a play request to the server, requesting to download the M3U8 file of the currently playing video. After receiving the playback request, the server returns the M3U8 file to the client. The client parses the M3U8 file and parses out the download address of the label information of each key frame. The client uses the parsed download address to download to the server, and the server returns the label information of each key frame to the client. In a specific implementation, the server may also directly send the label information of each key frame to the client after receiving the playback request from the client, or send the download address of the label information of each key frame to the client.

In one example, the label information of each key frame may be stored in the form of a key frame index table, and the key frame index table includes label information of each key frame, that is, description information of all key frames in the video is stored. The key frame index table may be pre-generated by the media asset management system, and the storage format of the key frame index table may be Extensible Markup Language (Extensible Markup Language, xml for short). The lightweight storage of files based on xml format and the feature of supporting multiple platforms and multiple encodings, in this example, the key frame index table is stored and parsed in xml format. The key frame index table stored in the xml format is hereinafter referred to as an xml file. It should be noted that the storage format of the key frame index table in this example is only the xml format, which is not limited in the specific implementation, and those skilled in the art can select the storage format according to actual needs.

In one example, in order to ensure the validity of the xml file data, this embodiment provides a new definition format of the key frame tag, which can effectively reduce the size of the xml file, reduce the storage of media resources and the content distribution network (Content Distribution Network). Delivery Network (CND for short) cache cost, thus saving user download traffic and improving playback performance. In this new format: the label information of each key frame may include: the index sequence number id of each key frame, the sequence number seq of the TS segment where each key frame is located, the timestamp pts of each key frame (unit: milliseconds), The position offset of the TS segment where each key frame is located. In a specific implementation, according to actual needs, the label information may also include picture information of each key frame, that is, a custom information string info, which is used to describe the relevant information of the key frame picture, such as image information description of the key frame. The picture information of each key frame is optional, so as to expand the label information of the key frame according to actual needs. For ease of understanding, an example of a keyframe index table is given below:

<keyframes>

<id="11" seq="41" pts="40" offset="0" info="XXXXXX"/>

<id="12" seq="41" pts="2040" offset="1024" info="XXXXXX"/>

<id="13" seq="42" pts="4040" offset="2048" info="XXXXXX"/>

<id="14" seq="42" pts="6040" offset="3072" info="XXXXXX"/>

<id="15" seq="43" pts="8040" offset="4096" info="XXXXXX"/>

<id="16" seq="43" pts="10040" offset="5100" info="XXXXXX"/>

......

</keyframes>

It should be noted that the above key frame index table is only for the convenience of understanding, and the label information of the 11th to 16th key frames in the video is exemplarily listed. In the specific implementation, the label information of each key frame in the video is listed. are included in the keyframe index table.

It can be understood that, if the label information of each key frame is stored in the form of a key frame index table, then the download address of the label information of each key frame included in the M3U8 file may specifically be the download address of the key frame index table. After downloading and obtaining the key frame index table, the client can obtain the label information of each key frame by parsing.

Step 102: If a preset trigger operation is detected, the target key frame is determined according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each of the key frames.

In an example, the preset trigger operation may be: a user's click operation, that is, the trigger operation is a manual trigger operation. For example, when the client is playing a video, there are usually virtual buttons on the playback interface for switching the bit rate, and the user can choose to switch to SD, HD, or UHD according to the actual network environment. If the client detects that the virtual key used for rate switching is clicked, it can be determined that a preset trigger operation is detected. It is understandable that video websites often provide video streams with various bit rates. Low, the lower the video resolution, but the same video data volume is smaller, the required traffic is smaller. The above-mentioned standard definition, high definition or ultra-definition can respectively represent three bit rates that increase in sequence, which means that the definition of the video is getting higher and higher.

In another example, the preset trigger operation may be: the current network bandwidth does not match the current bit rate of the video being played, that is, the trigger operation is an adaptive trigger operation. Specifically, if it is detected that the current network bandwidth does not match the current bit rate, it can be considered that a preset trigger operation is detected. Wherein, the method of determining whether the current network bandwidth matches the current code rate may be: judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the current network bandwidth and the current code rate is less than a preset value, if it is less than the preset value, it can be considered that the current network bandwidth and the current code rate match, otherwise, it is considered not to match; the size of the preset value can be set according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. For example, if the current network bandwidth is 1024kbps and the current bit rate is 720kbps, it can be determined that the current network bandwidth does not match the current bit rate; the trigger operation can indicate that the current bit rate needs to be switched to a bit rate higher than the current bit rate, that is, The bit rate that matches the current network bandwidth. For another example, if the current network bandwidth is 780kbps and the current bit rate is 1028kbps, it can be determined that the current network bandwidth does not match the current bit rate; the trigger operation can indicate that the current bit rate needs to be switched to a bit rate lower than the current bit rate, that is, The bit rate that matches the current network bandwidth.

In an example, according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each key frame, the specific implementation manner of determining the target key frame may be as follows:

First, the sequence number of the currently playing TS segment can be determined. It can be understood that the currently played video includes several TS segments, and if a preset trigger operation is detected, the sequence number seq of the TS segment to which the currently played video content belongs can be determined. Referring to the above example of the key frame index table, it is assumed that the determined sequence number of the currently playing TS segment is 41, which means that the currently playing TS segment is the 41st TS segment.

Next, according to the query key frame index table, that is, according to the label information of each key frame, query the key frame corresponding to the sequence number of the TS clip being played. keyframes. Referring to the example of the key frame index table above, assuming that the 41st TS segment currently being played is seq=“41”, then the corresponding key frame of the query is the index sequence number id=”11” and id=”12” The key frames of , are represented by key frame 11 and key frame 12 respectively below.

Then, the target key frame is determined according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the queried key frame.

In one example, if it is detected that there is no key frame in the playback data of the current playback buffer, according to the time stamp of the queried key frame, a key frame corresponding to a time stamp before the current time stamp is selected as the target key frame. For example, referring to the example of the key frame index table above, assuming that the current timestamp pts="1040", the timestamp pts="40" of the key frame 11 and the timestamp pts= "40" of the key frame 12 can be obtained by querying the key frame index table. "2040". It can be seen that, if the timestamp pts="40" of the key frame 11 is before the current timestamp pts="1040", the key frame 11 can be determined as the target key frame.

In another example, if it is detected that there are key frames in the playback data of the current playback buffer, the download time required from the previous key frame to the current playback position is estimated according to the current download rate, and the duration from the current playback position to the next playback position is estimated. The playback duration required for a key frame; among them, the previous key frame is the key frame corresponding to the timestamp before the selected current timestamp according to the timestamp of the queried key frame, and the next key frame is the one in the current playback buffer. Keyframe. If the download duration is shorter than the playback duration, the previous key frame is determined as the target key frame; if the download duration is longer than the playback duration, the next key frame is determined as the target key frame. In a specific implementation, if the download duration is equal to the playback duration, the previous key frame may be determined as the target key frame, and the next key frame may also be determined as the target key frame, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment. For example, referring to the example of the key frame index table above, assuming that the current timestamp pts="1040", that is, the current playback position pts="1040", the timestamp pts="1040" of the key frame 11 can be obtained by querying the key frame index table 40", the timestamp of key frame 12 pts="2040". It can be seen that the timestamp pts="40" of the key frame 11 is before the current timestamp pts="1040", then it can be determined that the key frame 11 is the previous key frame, and then the current download rate is estimated from the key frame 11 to the current The download time required for the playback location. Use the detected key frame of the current playback buffer as the next key frame, and estimate the playback duration from the current playback position to the key frame of the previous playback buffer. Finally, determine which keyframe to use as the target keyframe according to the download duration and playback duration.

For further understanding, you can refer to the following example: Assuming that the current playback position is 2 seconds, the position of the previous key frame (queried through the key frame index table) is 0 seconds, and the next key frame (existing in the current buffer ) is at 5 seconds. If the current download speed is fast and the download time is short, the key frame at 0 seconds can be used as the target key frame, then the client will not continue to play the data between 2 seconds and 5 seconds in the current buffer, and go directly to the Download the playback data at 0 seconds corresponding to the switched bit rate. If the current download speed is relatively slow and the download time is long, the key frame at 5 seconds can be used as the target key frame, then the client will continue to play the data in the current buffer from 2 seconds to 5 seconds, and then go to Download the playback data at 5 seconds corresponding to the switched bit rate.

In the specific implementation, if the key frame index table contains the custom information string info, since info can be used to describe the picture information of a certain key frame, info can also be used as a reference for determining the target key frame, for example, specifying a certain key frame Bit rate switching and so on during the action screen.

Step 103: Use the target key frame as the starting position for switching, and perform bit rate switching.

In an example, first, the position offset of the TS segment where the target key frame is located may be queried according to the label information of each key frame. Referring to the example of the key frame index table above, assuming that the target key frame is key frame 11, the position offset of the TS segment where the queried target key frame is located is offset="0". Then, the playback data corresponding to the switched bit rate can be downloaded according to the queried position offset; that is, the playback data corresponding to the switched bit rate can be downloaded and played from the queried position offset.

The code rate after switching is determined according to the trigger operation. For example, the preset trigger operation is: the user's click operation; the current bit rate of the video is the bit rate corresponding to the standard definition level. If the user clicks to switch to high definition, the switched bit rate corresponds to the high definition level. code rate. For another example, the preset trigger operation is: an adaptive trigger operation; if the current network bandwidth does not match the current bit rate of the video being played, the switched bit rate is the bit rate that matches the current network bandwidth.

It should be noted that, the above examples in this embodiment are all examples for the convenience of understanding, and do not limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, based on the label information of each key frame in the video and the playback data in the current playback buffer, it is possible to conveniently select a reasonable target key frame for seamless bit rate switching. And there is no need to wait for the switching opportunity, directly use the target key frame as the starting position for switching, and perform bit rate switching, which is conducive to the effect of fast and smooth switching, reduces the probability and duration of the freeze during the switching process, and saves the switching process. download traffic. Moreover, a new definition format of key frame label information is proposed. Compared with the description information of key frames in the related art, this format carries less information and can effectively reduce the key frame index table in xml format. The size of the space occupied reduces the cost of media asset storage and CDN caching, thereby saving user download traffic and improving playback performance.

The second embodiment of the present invention relates to a code rate switching method. The implementation details of the code rate switching method in this embodiment will be specifically described below. The following content is only provided for the convenience of understanding, and is not necessary for implementing this solution. The flowchart of the code rate switching method of this embodiment may be shown in FIG. 2 , including:

Step 201: Obtain the M3U8 file of the currently playing video.

Step 202: Parse the M3U8 file to obtain the download address of the label information of each key frame.

Step 203 : when it is detected that the rendering of the first frame of the video is completed, download the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video according to the download address.

Specifically, after the client downloads the playback data and stores it in the playback buffer, it starts the decoder to decode the playback data, and then renders it for playback. After detecting that the first frame is rendered and played, the client uses the parsed download address to download the label information of each key frame. For example, after the client first parses out the download address, it can cache the download address first, and after detecting that the rendering of the first frame is completed, it starts to download and obtain the label information of each key frame according to the download address.

Step 204: If a preset trigger operation is detected, the target key frame is determined according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each key frame.

Step 205: Using the target key frame as the switching start position, perform bit rate switching.

Wherein, the above steps 201 to 205, except for step 203, have been described in detail in the first embodiment, and the relevant descriptions in the first embodiment can be referred to. To avoid repetition, this embodiment will not describe them one by one.

In order to further facilitate the understanding of the rate switching method in this embodiment, a schematic diagram of a specific interaction between a client and a server is described below, wherein the label information of each key frame is stored in a key frame index table as an example. Referring to Figure 3, the interaction process of the rate switching method includes:

S301, the client sends a play request to the server. That is, when the user is watching the video, the client detects that the user has clicked the control to start playing, and sends a play request to the server, requesting to download the M3U8 file.

S302, the server returns the M3U8 file to the client. That is, after receiving the playback request sent by the client, the server returns the M3U8 file of the video to the client.

S303, the client parses the M3U8 file to obtain the download address of the key frame index table. In addition, by parsing the M3U8 file, the client can also obtain the download address of the playback data, so that the playback data can be downloaded and stored in the playback buffer, and the decoder can be started to render and play after decoding.

S304, after detecting that the rendering of the first frame is completed, the client requests to download the key frame index table.

S305, the server returns the key frame index table to the client. The client can parse the label information of each key frame according to the definition format of the key frame index table.

S306, the client detects the preset trigger operation, and selects the target key frame as the switching starting point to request playback data. For example, when the user clicks to perform a seamless bit rate switching operation, the client selects the target key frame to perform seamless bit rate switching based on whether there are key frames in the current playback buffer and combined with the current download rate. The client can use the target key frame as the switching starting point, and request the server for playback data corresponding to the switched bit rate.

Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, a download timing of the label information of each key frame is provided, considering that if the label information is downloaded before the first frame is rendered, unnecessary bandwidth will be occupied; Downloading the tag information after rendering may affect the speed of bit rate switching, that is, there may be a situation where the tag information has not been downloaded when the tag information needs to be queried. Therefore, starting the download after rendering the first frame is beneficial to achieve the effect of fast playback without occupying unnecessary bandwidth. Make sure that the main playback performance indicator, that is, the performance indicator of fast playback, is not affected to improve user experience.

The steps of the above various methods are divided only for the purpose of describing clearly. During implementation, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split and decomposed into multiple steps. As long as the same logical relationship is included, they are all within the protection scope of this patent. ;Adding insignificant modifications to the algorithm or process or introducing insignificant designs, but not changing the core design of the algorithm and process are all within the scope of protection of this patent.

The third embodiment of the present invention relates to a client, as shown in FIG. 4 , comprising: at least one processor 401; and a memory 402 connected in communication with the at least one processor 401; Instructions executed by the processor 401, the instructions are executed by at least one processor 401, so that the at least one processor 401 can execute the code rate switching method in the first or second embodiment.

The memory 402 and the processor 401 are connected by a bus, and the bus may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and the bus connects one or more processors 401 and various circuits of the memory 402 together. The bus may also connect together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides the interface between the bus and the transceiver. A transceiver may be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The data processed by the processor 401 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna, and further, the antenna also receives the data and transmits the data to the processor 401 .

Processor 401 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. The memory 402 may be used to store data used by the processor 401 when performing operations.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The above method embodiments are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.

That is, those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the method of implementing the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to make a device ( It may be a single chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, removable hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for realizing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes in form and details can be made without departing from the spirit and the spirit of the present invention. scope.

Claims (8)

1. a code rate switching method, is characterized in that, comprises: Get the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video; If a preset trigger operation is detected, then according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each of the key frames, the target key frame is determined; Taking the target key frame as the switching starting position, the code rate switching is performed; The label information includes: the index sequence number of each key frame, the sequence number of the TS segment where each key frame is located, the time stamp of each key frame, and the position offset of the TS segment where each key frame is located. shift; Wherein, determining the target key frame according to the playback data of the current playback buffer and the label information of each key frame includes: Determine the sequence number of the currently playing TS segment; According to the label information of each described key frame, query the key frame corresponding to the sequence number of the currently playing TS segment; The target key frame is determined according to the play data of the current play buffer and the queried key frame. 2. bit rate switching method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described obtaining the label information of each key frame in the video that is currently playing, comprises: Obtain the M3U8 file of the video; Wherein, the M3U8 file includes the download address of the label information of each described key frame; According to the download address, the tag information of each key frame in the currently playing video is downloaded. 3. The code rate switching method according to claim 2, wherein, according to the download address, the label information of each key frame in the currently played video is downloaded, specifically: After it is detected that the rendering of the first frame of the video is completed, the label information of each key frame in the currently playing video is downloaded according to the download address. 4. The code rate switching method according to claim 1, wherein, determining the target key frame according to the play data of the current play buffer and the key frame of the query, comprising: If it is detected that there is no key frame in the playback data of the current playback buffer, then according to the time stamp of the key frame of the query, the key frame corresponding to the time stamp before the current time stamp is selected as the target key frame; If it is detected that there is a key frame in the playback data of the current playback buffer, estimate the download time required from the previous key frame to the current playback position according to the current download rate, and estimate the duration from the current playback position to the next key frame The playback duration required for the frame; wherein, the last key frame is the key frame corresponding to the timestamp before the selected current timestamp according to the timestamp of the key frame of the query, and the next key frame is the keyframes in the current playback buffer; If the download duration is less than the playback duration, determining the last key frame as the target key frame; If the download duration is greater than the playback duration, the next key frame is determined as the target key frame. 5. The code rate switching method according to claim 1, wherein the performing code rate switching with the target key frame as a switching starting position, comprising: query the position offset of the TS segment where the target key frame is located; According to the queried position offset, the playback data corresponding to the switched bit rate is downloaded; wherein the switched bit rate is determined according to the trigger operation. 6 . The rate switching method according to claim 1 , wherein the tag information further comprises: picture information of each of the key frames. 7 . 7. A client, characterized in that, comprising: at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the execution of any one of claims 1 to 6 rate switching method. 8 . A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the code rate switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented. 9 .

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