CN110922166A - 一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- FPHIOHCCQGUGKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluorolead Chemical compound F[Pb]F FPHIOHCCQGUGKU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910017414 LaAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,包括以下重量份的原料:La2O3 5‑15份、Al2O3 5‑15份、PbF2 70‑90份、PbO 15‑25份、H3BO3 15‑25份。本发明采用La2O3、Al2O3为主料,搭配PbF2、PbO、H3BO3作为辅料助剂在氧化铝坩埚中烧结合成LaAl11O18耐腐性复合材料,原料先经过搅拌混合,然后微波辐射处理,目的是先提高原料本身活性,再经过离子束轰击处理后原料间更易相互结合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐腐蚀性为金属材料抵抗周围介质腐蚀破坏作用的能力称为耐腐蚀性。由材料的成分、化学性能、组织形态等决定的,腐蚀一般分为化学腐蚀、电化学、一般腐蚀和晶间腐蚀,化学腐蚀是金属与周围介质直接化学作用的结果,它包括气体腐蚀和金属在非电解质中的腐蚀两种形式,其特点是腐蚀过程不产生电流,而且腐蚀产物沉积在金属表面;电化学腐蚀是金属与酸、碱、盐等电解质溶液接角时发生作用而引起的腐蚀,它的特点是腐蚀过程中有电流产生,其腐蚀产物不覆盖在作为阳极的金属表面上,而是在距离阳极金属的一定距离处;一般腐蚀是均匀地颁布在整个金属内外表面上,使截面不断减小,最终使受力件破坏;晶间腐蚀在金属内部沿晶粒边缘进行,通常不引起金属外形的任何变化,往往使设备或机件突然破坏。
现有复合材料虽具有一定的耐腐性,但在王水、高温条件容易溶解,耐腐性能较差,因而仍需进一步改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 5-15份、Al2O3 5-15份、PbF2 70-90份、PbO 15-25份、H3BO3 15-25份。
优选地,所述高耐腐蚀性复合材料包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 8-12份、Al2O3 8-12份、PbF2 75-85份、PbO 18-22份、H3BO3 18-22份。
优选地,所述高耐腐蚀性复合材料包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 10份、Al2O3 10份、PbF2 80份、PbO 20份、H3BO3 20份。
本发明提供了一种制备高耐腐蚀性复合材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按要求称量各组分原料;
步骤二,将La2O3、Al2O3、PbF2、PbO、H3BO3依次加入到搅拌机中先混合处理,先以200-300r/min的转速进行搅拌20-30min,然后再以650-750r/min的转速进行高速搅拌35-45min,搅拌1-2h至原料充分混合,得到混料A;
步骤三,将步骤二中混料A送入到微波装置中进行微波辐射处理,微波辐射功率为300-400W,微波辐射时间为2-5min,然后再采用离子束轰击处理,得到活性基体B;
步骤四,将活性基体B送入到模具中以压力为2Mpa的条件进行压制10-20min,随后再进行真空热压烧结,烧结结束,得到产物C;
步骤五,将步骤四产物C先自然升温至1200℃,然后保温96h,随后以5℃/h的速率降温至1000℃,继续保温10-20h,然后自然冷却至室温,即可。
优选地,所述步骤三中离子束轰击处理的具体条件为在真空条件下通入惰性气体,离子束的能量为210-250eV,束流密度为300-400uA/cm2,轰击时间为25min,离子束的入射角为10-60度。
优选地,所述离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度。
优选地,所述真空热压烧结的条件为在氧化铝坩埚中先以1250-1350℃进行一次烧结20-30min,一次烧结过程中施加20MPa的压力,然后再将温度以5℃/min的速率升至1500-1600℃,二次烧结35-45min,烧结结束,自然冷却至室温。
优选地,所述二次烧结中施加35-45MPa的压力。
优选地,所述二次烧结中施加的压力为40MPa。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
本发明采用La2O3、Al2O3为主料,搭配PbF2、PbO、H3BO3作为辅料,在氧化铝坩埚中烧结合成LaAl11O18耐腐性复合材料,原料先经过搅拌混合,然后微波辐射处理,目的是先提高原料本身活性,再经过离子束轰击处理后原料间更易相互结合,轰击中离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度,该操作提高了原料轰击面积,进而提高轰击效果,在烧结过程中形成的复合材料更为紧密,材料的性能更为稳定,最后在1200℃保温、退火,进一步优化复合材料的性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明LaAl11O18的耐腐蚀性复合材料外观图;
图2为本发明LaAl11O18的红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
本实施例的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 5份、Al2O3 5份、PbF2 70份、PbO 15份、H3BO3 15份。
本实施例的一种制备高耐腐蚀性复合材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按要求称量各组分原料;
步骤二,将La2O3、Al2O3、PbF2、PbO、H3BO3依次加入到搅拌机中先混合处理,先以200r/min的转速进行搅拌20min,然后再以650r/min的转速进行高速搅拌35min,搅拌1h至原料充分混合,得到混料A;
步骤三,将步骤二中混料A送入到微波装置中进行微波辐射处理,微波辐射功率为300W,微波辐射时间为2min,然后再采用离子束轰击处理,得到活性基体B;
步骤四,将活性基体B送入到模具中以压力为2Mpa的条件进行压制10min,随后再进行真空热压烧结,烧结结束,得到产物C;
步骤五,将步骤四产物C先自然升温至1200℃,然后保温96h,随后以5℃/h的速率降温至1000℃,继续保温10h,然后自然冷却至室温,即可。
本实施例的步骤三中离子束轰击处理的具体条件为在真空条件下通入惰性气体,离子束的能量为210eV,束流密度为300uA/cm2,轰击时间为25min,离子束的入射角为10度。
本实施例的离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度。
本实施例的真空热压烧结的条件为在氧化铝坩埚中先以1250℃进行一次烧结20min,一次烧结过程中施加20MPa的压力,然后再将温度以5℃/min的速率升至1500℃,二次烧结35min,烧结结束,自然冷却至室温。
本实施例的二次烧结中施加35MPa的压力。
实施例2:
本实施例的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 15份、Al2O3 15份、PbF2 90份、PbO 25份、H3BO3 25份。
本实施例的一种制备高耐腐蚀性复合材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按要求称量各组分原料;
步骤二,将La2O3、Al2O3、PbF2、PbO、H3BO3依次加入到搅拌机中先混合处理,先以300r/min的转速进行搅拌30min,然后再以750r/min的转速进行高速搅拌45min,搅拌2h至原料充分混合,得到混料A;
步骤三,将步骤二中混料A送入到微波装置中进行微波辐射处理,微波辐射功率为400W,微波辐射时间为5min,然后再采用离子束轰击处理,得到活性基体B;
步骤四,将活性基体B送入到模具中以压力为2Mpa的条件进行压制20min,随后再进行真空热压烧结,烧结结束,得到产物C;
步骤五,将步骤四产物C先自然升温至1200℃,然后保温96h,随后以5℃/h的速率降温至1000℃,继续保温20h,然后自然冷却至室温,即可。
本实施例的步骤三中离子束轰击处理的具体条件为在真空条件下通入惰性气体,离子束的能量为250eV,束流密度为400uA/cm2,轰击时间为25min,离子束的入射角为60度。
本实施例的离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度。
本实施例的真空热压烧结的条件为在氧化铝坩埚中先以1350℃进行一次烧结30min,一次烧结过程中施加20MPa的压力,然后再将温度以5℃/min的速率升至1600℃,二次烧结45min,烧结结束,自然冷却至室温。
本实施例的二次烧结中施加45MPa的压力。
实施例3:
本实施例的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 10份、Al2O3 10份、PbF2 80份、PbO 20份、H3BO3 20份。
本实施例的一种制备高耐腐蚀性复合材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按要求称量各组分原料;
步骤二,将La2O3、Al2O3、PbF2、PbO、H3BO3依次加入到搅拌机中先混合处理,先以250r/min的转速进行搅拌25min,然后再以700r/min的转速进行高速搅拌40min,搅拌1.5h至原料充分混合,得到混料A;
步骤三,将步骤二中混料A送入到微波装置中进行微波辐射处理,微波辐射功率为350W,微波辐射时间为3.5min,然后再采用离子束轰击处理,得到活性基体B;
步骤四,将活性基体B送入到模具中以压力为2Mpa的条件进行压制10-20min,随后再进行真空热压烧结,烧结结束,得到产物C;
步骤五,将步骤四产物C先自然升温至1200℃,然后保温96h,随后以5℃/h的速率降温至1000℃,继续保温15h,然后自然冷却至室温,即可。
本实施例的步骤三中离子束轰击处理的具体条件为在真空条件下通入惰性气体,离子束的能量为230eV,束流密度为350uA/cm2,轰击时间为25min,离子束的入射角为35度。
本实施例的离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度。
本实施例的真空热压烧结的条件为在氧化铝坩埚中先以1300℃进行一次烧结25min,一次烧结过程中施加20MPa的压力,然后再将温度以5℃/min的速率升至1550℃,二次烧结40min,烧结结束,自然冷却至室温。
本实施例的二次烧结中施加的压力为40MPa。
对比例1:
与实施例3的材料及制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是未采用离子束轰击处理。
对比例2:
与实施例3的材料及制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是未采用二次烧结处理。
对比例3:
与实施例3的材料及制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是采用市场现有复合材料。
将实施例1-3及对比例1-3的复合材料分别送入到王水、浓氢氧化钠和质量分数90%的盐水中放置10h,然后再对表观性能测试。
表观性能测试具体操作方法为测试复合材料腐蚀前后质量,再推算出腐蚀速率
腐蚀速率=腐蚀前重量-腐蚀后重量/浸泡表面积×浸泡时间
实施例1-3及对比例1-3的测试结果如表1所示
表1
由表1可知本发明实施例1-3中复合材料在王水、浓氢氧化钠和质量分数90%的盐水中腐蚀速率很低,本发明复合材料具有优异的耐腐性能,相对于市场上的含PbF2复合材料性能得到显著改善。
将实施例1-3的复合材料送入到1100℃的王水中继续性能测试:测试结果如表2
| 组别 | 1100℃的王水中腐蚀速率(g/min<sup>2</sup>.h) |
| 实施例1 | 0.00129 |
| 实施例2 | 0.00134 |
| 实施例3 | 0.00126 |
表2
由表2和表1对比可知,本发明在1100℃的王水中仍具有较强的耐腐性能,本发明的复合材料具有耐高温性能。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
1.一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 5-15份、Al2 O3 5-15份、PbF2 70-90份、PbO 15-25份、H3BO3 15-25份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,其特征在于,所述高耐腐蚀性复合材料包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 8-12份、Al2 O3 8-12份、PbF2 75-85份、PbO 18-22份、H3BO3 18-22份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料,其特征在于,所述高耐腐蚀性复合材料包括以下重量份的原料:
La2O3 10份、Al2O3 10份、PbF2 80份、PbO 20份、H3BO3 20份。
4.一种制备如权利要求1-3任一项所述的高耐腐蚀性复合材料的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按要求称量各组分原料;
步骤二,将La2O3、Al2 O3、PbF2、PbO、H3BO3依次加入到搅拌机中先混合处理,先以200-300r/min的转速进行搅拌20-30min,然后再以650-750r/min的转速进行高速搅拌35-45min,搅拌1-2h至原料充分混合,得到混料A;
步骤三,将步骤二中混料A送入到微波装置中进行微波辐射处理,微波辐射功率为300-400W,微波辐射时间为2-5min,然后再采用离子束轰击处理,得到活性基体B;
步骤四,将活性基体B送入到模具中以压力为2Mpa的条件进行压制10-20min,随后再进行真空热压烧结,烧结结束,得到产物C;
步骤五,将步骤四产物C先自然升温至1200℃,然后保温96h,随后以5℃/h的速率降温至1000℃,继续保温10-20h,然后自然冷却至室温,即可。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中离子束轰击处理的具体条件为在真空条件下通入惰性气体,离子束的能量为210-250eV,束流密度为300-400uA/cm2,轰击时间为25min,离子束的入射角为10-60度。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述离子束的入射角以2度/min的速率从10度变化到60度。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述真空热压烧结的条件为在氧化铝坩埚中先以1250-1350℃进行一次烧结20-30min,一次烧结过程中施加20MPa的压力,然后再将温度以5℃/min的速率升至1500-1600℃,二次烧结35-45min,烧结结束,自然冷却至室温。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二次烧结中施加35-45MPa的压力。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐腐蚀性复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二次烧结中施加的压力为40MPa。
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