CN110927816A - Detection method of karst underground river system - Google Patents
Detection method of karst underground river system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110927816A CN110927816A CN201911263758.3A CN201911263758A CN110927816A CN 110927816 A CN110927816 A CN 110927816A CN 201911263758 A CN201911263758 A CN 201911263758A CN 110927816 A CN110927816 A CN 110927816A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000033772 system development Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00
- G01V9/02—Determining existence or flow of underground water
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method of a karst underground river system, which comprises the following steps: s1, investigating the spreading condition of the stratum in a tight fold area where the carbonate stratum and the non-carbonate stratum are in an interlayer or interbedded state; s2, investigating and controlling fracture structure distribution and development characteristics of karst underground river system development in a gentle fold area of the thick-layer carbonate rock; s3, tracking the pipeline development position of a karst underground river system by utilizing linearly distributed surface karst landforms and underground caves, and investigating the arrangement directions and the elevation distribution regularity of strip-shaped closed depressions, bead-shaped depressions, skylights and dry valleys, wherein the arrangement directions and the elevations of the strip-shaped closed depressions, the bead-shaped depressions, the skylights and the dry valleys are gradually reduced from watershed to drainage area; s4, surveying the underground water flow direction in the existing drill hole by using an underground water flow speed and direction detector, and defining the underground watershed of the karst underground river system; s5, carrying out tracing investigation on the karst underground river system, and identifying the distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines in the karst underground river system; s6, building a long-term observation point to monitor the water resource amount of the underground river system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground water exploration, in particular to a detection method of a karst underground river system.
Background
The karst underground river system is a representative type of underground water system in a karst area in the south, and is a space organic coupling body which is formed by a rock ring, a water ring and an air ring for collecting certain karst underground water, most of water-bearing rock groups are pure blocky carbonate rocks, water-bearing media mainly comprise karst cracks, pipelines or caves, surface karst forms such as a mountain forest, a depression and a water falling cave are different in development, the hydrological response is sensitive, and the dynamic change of flow is large. The development and distribution of the karst underground river are controlled by a plurality of factors such as stratum lithology, structure, underground water runoff, topography and landform, new structure movement and the like, and due to the non-uniformity of karst development, the karst underground river system has the characteristics of difficulty in accurately dividing system boundaries, difficulty in detecting pipeline positions, huge dynamic flow amplitude variation and the like, and great difficulty is brought to the detection and research of the underground river system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a detection method of an underground river system, which can effectively detect the underground river pipeline distribution characteristics of the underground river system and the water resource quantity of the underground river system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a detection method of a karst underground river system comprises the following steps:
s1, investigating the spreading condition of the stratum in a tight fold area where the carbonate stratum and the non-carbonate stratum are in an interlayer or interbedded mode to determine the development boundary of the karst underground river system;
s2, investigating and controlling fracture structure distribution and development characteristics of development of a karst underground river system in a gentle region where thick-layer carbonate rock develops;
s3, tracking the pipeline development position of a karst underground river system by utilizing the linearly distributed surface negative karst landform form and an underground cave, and investigating the arrangement direction and the regularity of descending distribution of the elevation of the strip-shaped closed depression, the bead-shaped depression, the skylight and the dry valley from the watershed to the drainage area;
s4, surveying the underground water flow direction in the existing drill hole by using an underground water flow speed and direction detector, and defining the underground watershed of the karst underground river system;
s5, carrying out a tracer test on the karst underground river system, checking the upstream and downstream connectivity of the underground river system, and identifying the spatial distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines in the karst underground river system;
s6, building a long-term monitoring point at the underground water outlet of the karst underground river system, monitoring the flow bursting and bursting information of the underground river, and obtaining the accurate water resource amount of the karst underground river system.
Further, in the step S1, when investigating the lithology and distribution rule of the stratum, the stratum mainly including clastic rock is used as the water-resisting boundary of the underground river system, and the stratum mainly including carbonate rock is comprehensively considered in terms of the surface form and the structure position.
Further, the step S2 is configured to find out fault water diversion properties, where the pressure is mainly used, and a fault surface is a water blocking fault if the cementing of the fault surface is serious, and the fault is used as a water barrier on the area; mainly with the tensity, the secondary fracture develops to be a water guide channel.
Further, in step S3, the topography of the depressions and valleys is extracted based on ArcGIS by setting a threshold value using the high resolution dem.
Further, in step S4, the flow velocity and direction of the groundwater are measured by observing the neutral suspended matter naturally formed in the groundwater with an instrument.
Further, the step S5 of conducting a trace survey includes the following steps:
s51, putting a tracer at one or more putting points in the karst underground water system;
s52, monitoring the tracer agent at a downstream receiving point in real time to obtain monitoring data of the tracer agent;
s53, analyzing the change characteristics of the tracer from the monitoring data of the tracer, and analyzing to obtain the flow characteristics of the water-containing medium structure and the underground water between the throwing point and the receiving point so as to obtain hydrogeological parameters;
s54, identifying the distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines in the karst underground river system through hydrogeological parameters.
Further, in the step S6, a karst, hydrogeology and micro-dynamic automatic monitoring technology is adopted to monitor the flow burst and fall information of the underground river.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the invention, through carrying out on-site investigation and analysis on each element for controlling the development of the underground river, the information such as the boundary of a karst underground river system, the pipeline distribution characteristics and the like can be accurately identified;
2. compared with methods such as physical detection and well drilling detection, the detection method has the advantages of low detection cost, wide application range, strong operability and the like;
3. the introduction of the micro-dynamic automatic monitoring technology can accurately evaluate the underground river water resource, improve the monitoring result and reduce the investment of labor cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for effectively detecting and identifying an underground river system in a southern karst region through field tracking investigation. The karst underground river system and the method thereof for field tracking investigation and identification comprise the following steps:
1. investigation of lithology of stratum: in the carbonate rock stratum and non-carbonate rock stratum areas which are in a sandwich or interbedded tight fold, the spreading condition of various stratums is investigated, and the method can be used for determining the development boundary of an underground river system;
2. investigation of fracture structure: in a gentle fold area of thick carbonate rock, attention is paid to investigation and control of fracture structure distribution and development characteristics of underground river development;
3. investigation of karst landform: the development positions of underground river channels are tracked by utilizing linearly distributed surface karst landforms and underground caves, and the arrangement directions and the elevation descending distribution regularity of strip-shaped closed depressions, bead-shaped depressions, skylights, dry valleys and the like are investigated;
4. and (4) surveying the underground water flow direction in the existing drill hole by using an underground water flow speed and direction detector, and delimiting the underground watershed of the karst underground river system.
5. Tracing and investigating karst underground water: and (3) putting a tracer at one or more putting points in the underground water system, monitoring at a downstream receiving point, analyzing the structure of the water-containing medium and the flow characteristics of underground water between the putting points and the receiving point according to the change characteristics of the tracer received by the receiving point, and solving the hydrogeological parameters. By tracing the karst underground water, the hydraulic connection between the upstream and the downstream of the underground river pipeline can be effectively judged, and the distribution characteristics of the underground river pipeline can be accurately identified.
6. Automatic monitoring of an underground river system: the flow variation of the underground river reaches dozens of to hundreds of times, the underground river belongs to extremely unstable dynamic change, the monitoring frequency and the monitoring precision can be greatly improved by building a long-term monitoring point at the outlet of the underground river and adopting a karst hydrogeology micro-dynamic automatic monitoring technology, accurate flow sudden-rise and sudden-fall information is extracted, and the water resource quantity of the underground river system is accurately evaluated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through carrying out on-site investigation and analysis on each element for controlling the development of the underground river, the information such as the boundary of a karst underground river system, the pipeline distribution characteristics and the like can be accurately identified;
2. compared with methods such as physical detection and well drilling detection, the detection method has the advantages of low detection cost, wide application range, strong operability and the like;
3. the introduction of the micro-dynamic automatic monitoring technology can accurately evaluate the underground river water resource, improve the monitoring result and reduce the investment of labor cost.
Claims (7)
1. A detection method of a karst underground river system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, investigating the spreading condition of the stratum in a tight fold area where the carbonate stratum and the non-carbonate stratum are in an interlayer or interbedded mode to determine the development boundary of the karst underground river system;
s2, investigating and controlling fracture structure distribution and development characteristics of development of a karst underground river system in a gentle region where thick-layer carbonate rock develops;
s3, tracking the pipeline development position of a karst underground river system by utilizing the linearly distributed surface negative karst landform form and an underground cave, and investigating the arrangement direction and the regularity of descending distribution of the elevation of the strip-shaped closed depression, the bead-shaped depression, the skylight and the dry valley from the watershed to the drainage area;
s4, surveying the flow direction of the underground water in the existing drill hole by using an underground water flow direction detector, and providing a basis for defining the underground watershed of the karst underground river system;
s5, carrying out a tracer test on the karst underground river system, checking the upstream and downstream connectivity of the underground river system, and identifying the spatial distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines in the karst underground river system;
s6, building a long-term monitoring point at the underground water outlet of the karst underground river system, monitoring the flow bursting and bursting information of the underground river in real time, and obtaining the accurate water resource amount of the karst underground river system.
2. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when investigating the lithology and spreading rule of the stratum, the stratum mainly containing clastic rock is used as the water-resisting boundary of the underground river system, and the stratum mainly containing carbonate rock is comprehensively considered in terms of the surface form and the structure position.
3. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: step S2 is used for finding out fault water-conducting property, mainly pressure property and water-blocking fault if the fault surface is seriously cemented by mud, and the fault is used as a water-resisting layer on the area; mainly with the tensity, the secondary fracture develops to be a water guide channel.
4. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the topography of the depressions and furrows is extracted after setting a threshold value using the high resolution dem based on ArcGIS.
5. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the flow velocity and direction of the groundwater are measured by observing the neutral suspended matter naturally formed in the groundwater with an instrument.
6. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: the step of conducting a trace survey in S5 includes the following steps:
s51, putting a tracer at one or more putting points in the karst underground water system;
s52, monitoring the tracer agent at a downstream receiving point in real time to obtain monitoring data of the tracer agent;
s53, analyzing the change characteristics of the tracer from the monitoring data of the tracer, and analyzing to obtain the flow characteristics of the water-containing medium structure and the underground water between the throwing point and the receiving point so as to obtain hydrogeological parameters;
s54, identifying the distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines in the karst underground river system through hydrogeological parameters.
7. The method for exploring a karst underground river system according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S6, the karst hydrogeology micro dynamic automatic monitoring technology is adopted to monitor the flow swelling and falling information of the underground river.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112946778A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
| CN117725125A (en) * | 2023-12-31 | 2024-03-19 | 广西大学 | Karst depression confluence analysis method based on DEM grid slope unit combination |
| CN118377054A (en) * | 2024-06-24 | 2024-07-23 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局111地质大队 | Data enhancement method based on micro-exploration underground river trend |
| CN118626783A (en) * | 2024-05-25 | 2024-09-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A method for determining the boundary of karst underground river system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112946778A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
| CN112946778B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-05-03 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
| CN117725125A (en) * | 2023-12-31 | 2024-03-19 | 广西大学 | Karst depression confluence analysis method based on DEM grid slope unit combination |
| CN117725125B (en) * | 2023-12-31 | 2024-09-10 | 广西大学 | Karst depression confluence analysis method based on slope surface unit combination of DEM grid |
| CN118626783A (en) * | 2024-05-25 | 2024-09-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A method for determining the boundary of karst underground river system |
| CN118626783B (en) * | 2024-05-25 | 2024-11-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Karst underground river system boundary determination method |
| CN118377054A (en) * | 2024-06-24 | 2024-07-23 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局111地质大队 | Data enhancement method based on micro-exploration underground river trend |
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