CN110911812A - Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna unit and its array - Google Patents
Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna unit and its array Download PDFInfo
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- CN110911812A CN110911812A CN201911120918.9A CN201911120918A CN110911812A CN 110911812 A CN110911812 A CN 110911812A CN 201911120918 A CN201911120918 A CN 201911120918A CN 110911812 A CN110911812 A CN 110911812A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ZGHQUYZPMWMLBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-4-phenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGHQUYZPMWMLBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and an array thereof, wherein the antenna unit comprises a radiation part, a feed assembly, a PCB (printed circuit board), and an annular metal isolation wall, wherein the PCB comprises a metal layer and a dielectric layer; the radiation part is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the radiation part is conical, and the radiation part is connected with the metal layer in the gap; the feeding assembly comprises a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are both arranged on one side face, far away from the metal layer, of the dielectric layer, and the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are respectively and electrically connected with the metal layer in the gap. The method has the characteristics of ultra-wide bandwidth, high gain, high efficiency, dual polarization and beam forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and an array thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the fifth generation communication technology (5G), the communication industry has been working on the standardization of the 5G millimeter wave communication system. According to the definition of 5G communication frequency band by the federal communications commission in the united states, 5G introduces a millimeter wave frequency band with wider bandwidth in addition to the conventional frequency band below 6G. Currently, 11 candidate frequency bands in the range between 24.25GHz and 86GHz have been considered for 5G millimeter wave communication systems. However, due to the characteristics of electromagnetic waves, the path loss of millimeter waves will be exponentially attenuated as the transmission distance increases. To cope with such high path loss, a high-gain antenna is required at both the mobile side and the base station side. Therefore, multi-antenna arrays with high gain are of interest. One of the main features of such an antenna system is called beamforming, which is to control the main radiation direction of the antenna by adjusting the amplitude and phase of each antenna element to achieve the requirement of spatial coverage. In addition, in a typical indoor propagation channel, the received power of the mobile terminal depends to a large extent on the polarization directions of the transmitter and receiver antennas. Measurements have shown that up to 10dB difference can be achieved between different antenna polarization combinations. Therefore, a multi-polarized antenna is required to adapt to channel variations and keep the received power at as high a level as possible at all times.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and the array thereof have the characteristics of ultra-wide bandwidth, high gain and high efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit comprises a radiation part, a feed assembly, a PCB and an annular metal isolation wall, wherein the PCB comprises a metal layer and a dielectric layer, the metal isolation wall and the metal layer form an accommodating cavity with an open top surface, and an annular gap is formed in the metal layer positioned in the metal isolation wall; the radiation part is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the radiation part is conical, and the radiation part is connected with the metal layer in the gap; the feeding assembly comprises a first feeding branch and a second feeding branch, the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are both arranged on one side face, far away from the metal layer, of the dielectric layer, and the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are respectively and electrically connected with the metal layer in the gap.
Further, the included angle between the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch is 90 °.
Further, the radiation part comprises a large end head and a small end head, and the small end head is connected with the metal layer in the gap.
Further, the shape of the gap is a circular ring or a regular polygon.
Further, the shape of the metal isolation wall is a regular polygon.
Further, the height value of the metal isolation wall is equal to the height value of the radiation part.
Furthermore, the metal isolation wall is vertically arranged on the metal layer.
Further, the diameter of the big end head is 3.59mm, the diameter of the small end head is 0.49mm, and the height of the radiation part is 2.5 mm.
Further, when the shape of the gap is a circular ring, the outer diameter of the gap is 2.95mm, and the inner diameter of the gap is 2.59 mm.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that:
a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna array comprises at least two dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna units.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the accommodating cavity enclosed by the metal isolation wall and the metal layer can reduce mutual coupling between adjacent antenna units; the dual polarization characteristic can be formed by feeding through two feeding branches. The antenna unit and the antenna array can work in a 28GHz frequency band, and have the characteristics of ultra-wide bandwidth, high gain, high efficiency, dual polarization and beam forming.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna array according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a dual-polarized 5G millimeter-wave antenna unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a current distribution diagram of the bottom of the antenna unit when the feeding excitation is performed through the first feeding branch according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a current distribution diagram of the bottom of the antenna unit when the feeding excitation is performed through the second feeding branch according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simulation result of return loss of the antenna unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna element according to the first embodiment of the present invention (Phi is 0 °, 28GHz, and the antenna element is fed through the first feeding branch);
fig. 8 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna element according to the first embodiment of the present invention (Phi is 90 °, 28GHz, and the antenna element is fed through the first feeding branch);
fig. 9 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna element according to the first embodiment of the present invention (Phi is 0 °, and 28GHz is fed through the second feeding branch);
fig. 10 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna element according to the first embodiment of the present invention (Phi is 90 °, and the radiation pattern is fed through the second feeding branch, 28 GHz);
FIG. 11 is a simulation result of return loss for the antenna array of FIG. 1;
figure 12 is a 3D radiation pattern (-45 ° polarization) for the antenna array of figure 1 operating at 28 GHz;
fig. 13 is a 3D radiation pattern (+45 ° polarization) for the antenna array of fig. 1 operating at 28 GHz;
fig. 14 shows the antenna gain of the antenna array of fig. 1 versus the main lobe direction for a scan (-45 ° polarization);
fig. 15 shows the antenna gain of the antenna array of fig. 1 in relation to the main lobe direction (+45 ° polarization) when scanning.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit; 11. a radiation section; 12. a PCB board; 121. a metal layer; 122. a dielectric layer; 13. a metal partition wall; 14. an accommodating cavity; 15. a gap; 16. a first feed branch; 17. a second feeding branch.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: the metal isolation wall is arranged, the annular gap is formed in the metal layer in the metal isolation wall, feeding is carried out through the two feeding branches, the antenna unit can work in a 28GHz frequency band, and the dual-polarized antenna unit has the characteristic of dual polarization.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit 1 includes a radiation portion 11, a feed component, a PCB 12, the PCB 12 includes a metal layer 121 and a dielectric layer 122, and further includes an annular metal partition wall 13, the metal partition wall 13 and the metal layer 121 enclose an accommodating cavity 14 with an open top, and an annular gap 15 is disposed on the metal layer 121 located in the metal partition wall 13; the radiation part 11 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 14, the radiation part 11 is conical, and the radiation part 11 is connected with the metal layer 121 in the gap 15; the feeding component comprises a first feeding branch 16 and a second feeding branch 17, the first feeding branch 16 and the second feeding branch 17 are both arranged on one side of the dielectric layer 122 away from the metal layer 121, and the first feeding branch 16 and the second feeding branch 17 are respectively electrically connected with the metal layer 121 in the slot 15.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the accommodating cavity formed by the metal isolation wall and the metal layer can reduce mutual coupling between adjacent antenna units, and the size of the accommodating cavity can be adjusted as required; the dual polarization characteristic can be formed by feeding through two feeding branches. The antenna unit can work in a 28GHz frequency band, and has the characteristics of ultra-wide bandwidth, high gain, high efficiency, dual polarization and beam forming.
Further, the angle between the first feeding branch 16 and the second feeding branch 17 is 90 °.
As can be seen from the above description, the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch form an angle of 90 ° to realize dual polarization of plus and minus 45 °.
Further, the radiation part 11 includes a large end and a small end, and the small end is connected with the metal layer 121 in the gap 15.
Further, the shape of the slit 15 is a circular ring or a regular polygon.
As can be seen from the above description, the shape of the slit can be selected as desired.
Further, the shape of the metal partition wall 13 is a regular polygon.
As can be seen from the above description, the metal partition wall may be square, etc.
Further, the height of the metal partition wall 13 is equal to the height of the radiation part 11.
Further, the metal isolation wall 13 is vertically disposed on the metal layer 121.
Further, the diameter of the large tip is 3.59mm, the diameter of the small tip is 0.49mm, and the height of the radiation part 11 is 2.5 mm.
From the above description, the millimeter wave antenna has a small structure size, which needs to be accurate to micrometer, and when the antenna works in other frequency bands, the size of the millimeter wave antenna can be adjusted as required.
Further, when the slit 15 has a circular ring shape, the outer diameter of the slit 15 is 2.95mm, and the inner diameter is 2.59 mm.
As can be seen from the above description, the size of the slot can also be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the antenna.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that:
a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna array comprises at least two dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna units 1.
As can be seen from the above description, the number of antenna elements can be set as desired.
Referring to fig. 1 to 15, a first embodiment of the present invention is:
a dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna array is shown in fig. 1, and comprises at least two dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna units 1, wherein when the antenna units work at 28GHz frequency, the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is 6.4mm, and the distance is about 0.6 times the wavelength of the 28GHz working frequency. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit 1 includes a radiation portion 11, a feed component, and a PCB 12, where the PCB 12 includes a metal layer 121 and a dielectric layer 122, in this embodiment, the PCB 12 is a square with a side length of 6.9mm, the thickness of the metal layer 121 is 0.05mm, the relative dielectric constant ∈ of the PCB 12 is 3, the loss tangent angle tan δ is 0.001, and a Rogers RO3003 material may be used. The dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit 1 further comprises an annular metal isolation wall 13, and the metal isolation wall 13 and the metal layer 121 enclose an accommodating cavity 14 with an open top surface. The shape of the metal partition wall 13 is a regular polygon, and a square shape may be used, for example. Preferably, the metal isolation wall 13 is vertically disposed on the metal layer 121. When the metal partition wall 13 of a square shape is used, it has a length of 6.9mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. An annular gap 15 is formed in the metal layer 121 located in the metal isolation wall 13, in this embodiment, the shape of the gap 15 is a circular ring, and preferably, the outer diameter of the gap 15 is 2.95mm, and the inner diameter of the gap is 2.59 mm. The radiation part 11 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 14, the radiation part 11 is conical, and the radiation part 11 is connected to the metal layer 121 in the gap 15. The radiating portion 11 includes a large terminal and a small terminal, and the small terminal is connected to the metal layer 121 in the gap 15. In this embodiment, the diameter of the large tip is 3.59mm, the diameter of the small tip is 0.49mm, and the height of the radiation part 11 is 2.5 mm. Preferably, the height of the metal partition wall 13 is equal to the height of the radiation part 11, and is also 2.5 mm. The feeding component comprises a first feeding branch 16 and a second feeding branch 17, the first feeding branch 16 and the second feeding branch 17 are both arranged on one side surface of the dielectric layer 122 far away from the metal layer 121, and the first feeding branch 16 and the second feeding branch 17 are respectively electrically connected with the metal layer 121 in the slot 15 and can be electrically connected through a metalized via hole. Preferably, the angle between the first feed branch 16 and the second feed branch 17 is 90 °. The first and second feeding branches 16, 17 have a length of 2.49mm, a width of 0.19mm and a thickness of 0.05 mm.
Fig. 4 and 5 are current distribution diagrams of the bottom of the antenna element when fed and excited through the first and second feeding branches, respectively. It can be seen from the figure that the current directions of the two feeding branches are orthogonal when feeding respectively, and the included angle between the current directions and the central axis is 45 degrees, namely, the dual-polarization characteristic of +/-45 degrees is realized.
Fig. 6 is a simulation result of return loss of the antenna unit in this embodiment. Because the antenna element is a dual polarized antenna, there are two excitation ports and two standing wave curves. Since the two transmission feed lines are connected to the same radiation portion, return loss values of the two excitation ports are completely consistent when the two ports are fed respectively. The result shows that under the condition that the return loss S11 and S22 of the excitation ports are both lower than-10 dB, the working frequency band which can be covered by the antenna unit is 24.8-31.75 GHz, and in the coverage frequency range, the isolation between the two polarization ports is lower than-14 dB, so that the ultra-wide frequency coverage bandwidth is displayed, and the requirements of 5G frequency bands, such as 28GHz (27.5-28.35 GHz), can be met, and the transmission requirements of wider bandwidth requirements can also be met.
Fig. 7 to 10 show the main polarization and cross polarization radiation patterns of both polarizations in the 28GHz direction Phi 0 ° and Phi 90 ° directions of the antenna element, and the results show that the cross polarization level of the antenna element in the main radiation direction (Theta 0 °) is higher than 15 dB.
Fig. 11 is a simulation result of return loss of the antenna array of fig. 1. In the figure, S11 and S22 show the return loss of each feed port in the antenna array, and the remaining curves (S21, S23, S31, S41, etc.) show the isolation of the feed ports between adjacent antenna elements. The result shows that the antenna array covers the frequency of 24.55-31.7 GHz under the condition that the return loss is lower than-10 dB, and the isolation of each port between adjacent antenna units in the whole bandwidth is lower than-14 dB, thereby showing the advantage of ultra-wide frequency bandwidth coverage.
Fig. 12 and 13 show 3D radiation patterns of ± 45 ° two polarizations of the antenna array of fig. 1 operating at 28GHz, and it can be seen that the two polarization patterns of the antenna array are highly consistent.
Fig. 14 and 15 show the antenna gain of the antenna array of fig. 1 in relation to the main lobe direction as the scanning proceeds. By changing the phase difference between two adjacent antenna units and keeping the phase difference between every two antenna units consistent, the direction of the main lobe can also be correspondingly deflected, and the beam scanning characteristic of the array antenna is realized. Fig. 14 and 15 respectively contain graphs of the maximum gain of the ± 45 ° polarization direction of the antenna array when operating at 28GHz as a function of the scanning angle of the main lobe radiation direction. As can be seen more clearly, the antenna array proposed in this embodiment has high gain, and the maximum gain of the antenna array does not decrease significantly with the change of the main lobe direction.
The second embodiment of the invention is as follows:
a dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit is different from the first embodiment in that: the shape of the slot is a regular polygon, such as a square, a regular hexagon, etc., the width of the slot can be adjusted according to the working frequency, and the sizes of other parts of the antenna unit can be adjusted correspondingly according to the requirement.
In summary, the dual-polarized 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and the array thereof provided by the invention have the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, ultra-wide bandwidth, high gain, high efficiency, dual polarization and beam forming.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911120918.9A CN110911812A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna unit and its array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911120918.9A CN110911812A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna unit and its array |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111668592A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | 5G millimeter wave antenna module and mobile terminal |
| CN111786098A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-16 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | 5G millimeter wave dual-band dielectric resonator antenna module and mobile terminal |
| CN111864385A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Metasurface-based dual-beam dual-circularly polarized resonator antenna |
| CN111916895A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-10 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna module and mobile device with metal frame |
| CN112599981A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州迈斯维通信技术有限公司 | Multi-band conical antenna capable of simultaneously supporting 5G Sub-6GHz and millimeter wave frequency spectrums |
| CN113644447A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-12 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Antenna device |
| CN115149280A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-10-04 | 广东工业大学 | A co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna |
| CN118730002A (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-10-01 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | A millimeter wave three-dimensional detection imaging radar |
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| CN211126039U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarization 5G millimeter wave antenna unit and array thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113644447A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-12 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Antenna device |
| CN113644447B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2024-06-28 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Antenna device |
| CN111668592A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-15 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | 5G millimeter wave antenna module and mobile terminal |
| CN111786098A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-16 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | 5G millimeter wave dual-band dielectric resonator antenna module and mobile terminal |
| CN111916895A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-10 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-polarized 5G mmWave antenna module and mobile device with metal frame |
| CN111864385A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Metasurface-based dual-beam dual-circularly polarized resonator antenna |
| CN112599981A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州迈斯维通信技术有限公司 | Multi-band conical antenna capable of simultaneously supporting 5G Sub-6GHz and millimeter wave frequency spectrums |
| CN115149280A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-10-04 | 广东工业大学 | A co-aperture omnidirectional dual circularly polarized helical array antenna |
| CN118730002A (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-10-01 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | A millimeter wave three-dimensional detection imaging radar |
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