CN110903831A - Soil improvement functional microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil improvement functional microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000751139 Beauveria bassiana Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000589158 Agrobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186063 Arthrobacter Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193752 Bacillus circulans Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588881 Chromobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588698 Erwinia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588722 Escherichia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000589565 Flavobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000192041 Micrococcus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607720 Serratia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
- C09K17/42—Inorganic compounds mixed with organic active ingredients, e.g. accelerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement functional microbial inoculum, which comprises a composite bacterium and a carrier: the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria; the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent; the hollow microspheres are used as an adsorption carrier, and can form a hemispherical or arc-shaped fragment structure after being broken, so that the hollow microspheres are similar to a semi-closed structure, a living area of a single flora can be formed inside the hollow microspheres, the entrance of mixed bacteria is avoided, the functions of protecting and dividing the flora are achieved, the survival rate of bacteria after being compounded is improved, and the number of the flora is increased; a plurality of floras which are not suitable for simultaneous compounding can be compounded together for culture, the requirement of compounding the bacterial species characteristics is reduced, and the floras can be matched randomly for culture, so that various functional floras can be prepared according to the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, particularly relates to a soil improvement functional microbial inoculum, and particularly relates to a preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society, the soil degradation problem of China is increasingly prominent, and the development of land productivity of China is severely limited by soil hardening, erosion, acidification, salinization, element imbalance, chemical pollution, organic matter loss, degradation of animal and plant regions and the like. Land improvement is various measures taken to prevent land deterioration, improve the poor characteristics of land and increase the production potential of land. Including engineering measures, biological measures, agricultural measures, and the like.
The soil respiration intensity is one of soil biological activity indexes, can reflect the conversion and supply capacity of soil nutrients to a certain degree, the respiration rate change and the change direction also reflect the sensitivity and the response mode of an ecosystem to stress, and the soil biological activity index is an important index for environmental safety evaluation.
The biological measures adopted in soil improvement refer to microbial improving agents; in the existing microbial modifier, either the flora is too single, the function is single, and a good modifying effect cannot be achieved; the strains in a plurality of complex microbial inocula are numerous and can mutually inhibit and compete with each other, the survival rate is low during culture, and even a plurality of strains can not be subjected to complex culture; the microbial inoculum for improving the soil can not be functionally selected, and the use is inconvenient. Therefore, a microbial inoculum for improving soil function and a preparation method thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil improvement function microbial inoculum and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the prior art provides a complex microbial inoculum which has low strain survival rate and small flora quantity, and partial flora can not be subjected to complex culture.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises composite bacteria and a carrier: the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria; the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent; according to the mass portion, the composite bacteria comprise 10-80 parts, the hollow microspheres comprise 5-30 parts, and the bacteria adsorbent comprises 100-200 parts.
Preferably, the bacterial adsorbent is a mixture of grass carbon, vermiculite, chitosan, animal excrement and plant raw materials, and the mass ratio of the grass carbon, the vermiculite, the chitosan, the animal excrement and the plant raw materials in the mixture is set to be 8:3:5:40: 30.
Preferably, the hollow micro-bead is a novel ultra-light inorganic non-metal material with excellent hollow spherical powder performance, and the true density of the novel ultra-light inorganic non-metal material is 0.20-0.60/cm3After screening, selecting hollow micro-beads with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m.
Preferably, the phosphate solubilizing microorganism includes one or more of bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, agrobacterium, serratia, flavobacterium, enterobacterium, micrococcus, salmonella, chromobacterium, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, thiobacillus and escherichia.
Preferably, the silicate microorganism comprises a variant of Bacillus mucilaginosus or Bacillus circulans.
Preferably, the microbial pesticide comprises one or two of bacillus thuringiensis and beauveria bassiana.
Preferably, the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises 10 parts of rhizobium, 10 parts of azotobacter, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 5 parts of hollow microspheres and 100 parts of bacterial adsorbent by weight.
Preferably, the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises 5 parts of bacillus, 8 parts of pseudomonas, 15 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 5 parts of beauveria bassiana, 15 parts of hollow microspheres and 150 parts of bacterial adsorbent by mass.
Preferably, the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises 20 parts of silicate microorganism bacteria, 20 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 30 parts of growth-promoting bacteria, 10 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 30 parts of hollow microspheres and 200 parts of bacterial adsorbents by mass.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting strains of the composite bacteria, and preparing a culture medium material required by the independent culture of each strain;
s2, selecting the true density of 0.20-0.60/cm3The hollow microspheres with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m are put into a stirrer and stirred for 5-10min at the rotating speed of 600-1000r/min, then the broken hollow microspheres are taken out and added into the independent culture base material of each strain for uniform mixing;
s3, respectively and independently culturing each strain, and keeping the effective viable count of each strain to be more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/g after culturing to a mature stable period;
s4, adsorbing by using a bacterial adsorbent, mixing with the culture medium of each flora and the hollow microspheres, and culturing the mixed flora until the mixed flora is cured to finish the preparation of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the functional microbial inoculum for improving soil and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
1. the hollow micro-beads are used as an adsorption carrier, and after the hollow micro-beads are broken, a hemispherical or arc-shaped fragment structure is formed, so that the hollow micro-beads are similar to a semi-closed structure, a living area of a single flora can be formed inside the hollow micro-beads, the entrance of mixed bacteria is avoided, the function of protecting and dividing the flora is achieved, the survival rate of bacteria after compounding is improved, the number of flora is increased, and the quality guarantee period of the composite microbial inoculum is indirectly prolonged;
2. according to the invention, the hollow microspheres are used for forming the semi-closed structure culture flora, a plurality of floras which are not suitable for simultaneous compounding can be compounded together for culture, the requirement of compounding of bacterial species and characteristics is reduced, and the floras can be matched randomly for culture, so that various functional floras can be prepared as required;
3. when the semi-closed microbial community is prepared, the hollow microspheres are firstly subjected to acute rupture in a high-speed stirring mode to prepare a semi-closed structure environment, and then the semi-closed structure environment is mixed with a microbial community base material to culture a microbial community.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises composite bacteria and a carrier: the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria; the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent; according to the mass portion, the composite bacteria comprise 10-80 parts, the hollow microspheres comprise 5-30 parts, and the bacteria adsorbent comprises 100-200 parts.
The bacterial adsorbent is a mixture of grass carbon, vermiculite, chitosan, animal excrement and plant raw materials, and the mass ratio of the grass carbon, the vermiculite, the chitosan, the animal excrement and the plant raw materials in the mixture is 8:3:5:40: 30. The hollow micro-bead is a novel ultra-light inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance of hollow spherical powder, and the true density of the hollow micro-bead is 0.20-0.60/cm3After screening, selecting hollow micro-beads with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m. The phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria comprise one or more of bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, agrobacterium, serratia, flavobacterium, enterobacterium, micrococcus, salmonella, chromobacterium, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, thiobacillus and escherichia. The silicate microorganism comprises a variant of Bacillus mucilaginosus or Bacillus circulans. The microbial pesticide comprises one or two of bacillus thuringiensis and beauveria bassiana.
In this embodiment, the functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises, by mass, 10 parts of rhizobia, 10 parts of azotobacter, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 5 parts of hollow microspheres, and 100 parts of bacterial adsorbents. The animal manure in the bacterial adsorbent is pig manure, and the plant raw material is wheat straw powder.
The preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting strains of the composite bacteria, and preparing a culture medium material required by the independent culture of each strain;
s2, selecting the true density of 0.20-0.60/cm3The hollow microspheres with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m are put into a stirrer and stirred for 5-10min at the rotating speed of 600-1000r/min, then the broken hollow microspheres are taken out and added into the independent culture base material of each strain for uniform mixing;
s3, respectively and independently culturing each strain, and keeping the effective viable count of each strain to be more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/g after culturing to a mature stable period;
s4, adsorbing by using a bacterial adsorbent, mixing with the culture medium of each flora and the hollow microspheres, and culturing the mixed flora until the mixed flora is cured to finish the preparation of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
Example 2
A functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises composite bacteria and a carrier: the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria; the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent; according to the mass portion, the composite bacteria comprise 10-80 parts, the hollow microspheres comprise 5-30 parts, and the bacteria adsorbent comprises 100-200 parts.
The bacterial adsorbent is a mixture of grass carbon, vermiculite, chitosan, animal excrement and plant raw materials, and the mass ratio of the grass carbon, the vermiculite, the chitosan, the animal excrement and the plant raw materials in the mixture is 8:3:5:40: 30. The hollow micro-bead is a novel ultra-light inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance of hollow spherical powder, and the true density of the hollow micro-bead is 0.20-0.60/cm3Selecting the particle size after screeningHollow microbeads in the range of 40-100 μm. The phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria comprise one or more of bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, agrobacterium, serratia, flavobacterium, enterobacterium, micrococcus, salmonella, chromobacterium, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, thiobacillus and escherichia. The silicate microorganism comprises a variant of Bacillus mucilaginosus or Bacillus circulans. The microbial pesticide comprises one or two of bacillus thuringiensis and beauveria bassiana.
In this embodiment, the functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises, by mass, 5 parts of bacillus, 8 parts of pseudomonas, 15 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 5 parts of beauveria bassiana, 15 parts of hollow microspheres, and 150 parts of a bacterial adsorbent. The animal manure in the bacterial adsorbent is cow manure, and the plant raw material is corn straw powder.
The preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting strains of the composite bacteria, and preparing a culture medium material required by the independent culture of each strain;
s2, selecting the true density of 0.20-0.60/cm3The hollow microspheres with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m are put into a stirrer and stirred for 5-10min at the rotating speed of 600-1000r/min, then the broken hollow microspheres are taken out and added into the independent culture base material of each strain for uniform mixing;
s3, respectively and independently culturing each strain, and keeping the effective viable count of each strain to be more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/g after culturing to a mature stable period;
s4, adsorbing by using a bacterial adsorbent, mixing with the culture medium of each flora and the hollow microspheres, and culturing the mixed flora until the mixed flora is cured to finish the preparation of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
Example 3
A functional microbial inoculum for improving soil comprises composite bacteria and a carrier: the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria; the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent; according to the mass portion, the composite bacteria comprise 10-80 parts, the hollow microspheres comprise 5-30 parts, and the bacteria adsorbent comprises 100-200 parts.
The bacterial adsorbent is a mixture of grass carbon, vermiculite, chitosan, animal excrement and plant raw materials, and the mass ratio of the grass carbon, the vermiculite, the chitosan, the animal excrement and the plant raw materials in the mixture is 8:3:5:40: 30. The hollow micro-bead is a novel ultra-light inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance of hollow spherical powder, and the true density of the hollow micro-bead is 0.20-0.60/cm3After screening, selecting hollow micro-beads with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m. The phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria comprise one or more of bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, agrobacterium, serratia, flavobacterium, enterobacterium, micrococcus, salmonella, chromobacterium, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, thiobacillus and escherichia. The silicate microorganism comprises a variant of Bacillus mucilaginosus or Bacillus circulans. The microbial pesticide comprises one or two of bacillus thuringiensis and beauveria bassiana.
In this embodiment, the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises, by mass, 20 parts of silicate microorganism bacteria, 20 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 30 parts of growth-promoting bacteria, 10 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 30 parts of hollow microspheres, and 200 parts of bacterial adsorbents. The animal manure in the bacterial adsorbent is chicken manure, and the plant raw material is straw powder.
The preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting strains of the composite bacteria, and preparing a culture medium material required by the independent culture of each strain;
s2, selecting the true density of 0.20-0.60/cm3The hollow microspheres with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m are put into a stirrer and stirred for 5-10min at the rotating speed of 600-1000r/min, then the broken hollow microspheres are taken out and added into the independent culture base material of each strain for uniform mixing;
s3, respectively and independently culturing each strain, and keeping the effective viable count of each strain to be more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/g after culturing to a mature stable period;
s4, adsorbing by using a bacterial adsorbent, mixing with the culture medium of each flora and the hollow microspheres, and culturing the mixed flora until the mixed flora is cured to finish the preparation of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
A comparison of 3 sets of examples of the invention is made in the following table,
in summary, the following steps: the hollow microspheres are used as an adsorption carrier, and can form a hemispherical or arc-shaped fragment structure after being broken, so that the hollow microspheres are similar to a semi-closed structure, a living area of a single flora can be formed inside the hollow microspheres, the entrance of mixed bacteria is avoided, the functions of protecting and dividing the flora are achieved, the survival rate of bacteria after being compounded is improved, and the number of the flora is increased; according to the invention, the hollow microspheres are used for forming the semi-closed structure culture flora, a plurality of floras which are not suitable for simultaneous compounding can be compounded together for culture, the requirement of compounding of bacterial species and characteristics is reduced, and the floras can be matched randomly for culture, so that various functional floras can be prepared as required; when the semi-closed microbial community is prepared, the hollow microspheres are firstly subjected to acute rupture in a high-speed stirring mode to prepare a semi-closed structure environment, and then the semi-closed structure environment is mixed with a microbial community base material to culture a microbial community.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A functional microbial inoculum for improving soil is characterized by comprising composite bacteria and a carrier:
the compound bacteria comprise two or more of rhizobia, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria, silicate microorganism bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, growth-promoting bacteria, mycorrhizal bacteria and microbial insecticidal bacteria;
the carrier comprises hollow microspheres and a bacterial adsorbent;
according to the mass portion, the composite bacteria comprise 10-80 parts, the hollow microspheres comprise 5-30 parts, and the bacteria adsorbent comprises 100-200 parts.
2. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the bacterial adsorbent is a mixture of grass carbon, vermiculite, chitosan, animal excrement and plant raw materials, and the mass ratio of the grass carbon, the vermiculite, the chitosan, the animal excrement and the plant raw materials in the mixture is 8:3:5:40: 30.
3. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow micro-bead is a novel ultra-light inorganic non-metallic material with excellent performance of hollow spherical powder, and the true density of the hollow micro-bead is 0.20-0.60/cm3After screening, selecting hollow micro-beads with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m.
4. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the phosphate-solubilizing microorganism bacteria comprise one or more of bacillus, pseudomonas, erwinia, agrobacterium, serratia, flavobacterium, enterobacterium, micrococcus, salmonella, chromobacterium, alcaligenes, arthrobacter, thiobacillus and escherichia.
5. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the silicate microorganism comprises a variant of Bacillus mucilaginosus or Bacillus circulans.
6. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the microbial pesticide comprises one or two of bacillus thuringiensis and beauveria bassiana.
7. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises 10 parts of rhizobia, 10 parts of azotobacter, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 5 parts of hollow microspheres and 100 parts of bacterial adsorbent by weight.
8. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises 5 parts of bacillus, 8 parts of pseudomonas, 15 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 5 parts of beauveria bassiana, 15 parts of hollow microspheres and 150 parts of bacterial adsorbents by mass.
9. The soil improvement functional bacterial agent according to claim 1, wherein: the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum comprises, by mass, 20 parts of silicate microorganism bacteria, 20 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 30 parts of growth-promoting bacteria, 10 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 30 parts of hollow microspheres and 200 parts of bacterial adsorbents.
10. The preparation method of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting strains of the composite bacteria, and preparing a culture medium material required by the independent culture of each strain;
s2, selecting the true density of 0.20-0.60/cm3The hollow microspheres with the particle size range of 40-100 mu m are put into a stirrer and stirred for 5-10min at the rotating speed of 600-1000r/min, then the broken hollow microspheres are taken out and added into the independent culture base material of each strain for uniform mixing;
s3, respectively and independently culturing each strain, and keeping the effective viable count of each strain to be more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/g after culturing to a mature stable period;
s4, adsorbing by using a bacterial adsorbent, mixing with the culture medium of each flora and the hollow microspheres, and culturing the mixed flora until the mixed flora is cured to finish the preparation of the soil improvement functional microbial inoculum.
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