CN110816343A - Mobile charging pile, mobile charging pile system and method of operating charging pile system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile charging pile (1) for charging a battery pack of an electric vehicle, comprising: an internal energy storage (2) for storing and outputting electrical energy; a charging station interface (3) electrically coupled to an electric vehicle interface of an electric vehicle; and power electronics (4) for controlling a charging point for charging the electric vehicle with electrical energy from the internal energy store (2) The charging current for charging the battery pack of an electric vehicle. The charging station interface (3) is configured for electrical coupling with an external current source, wherein the power electronics (4) is configured for controlling the charging of the internal energy store with electrical energy from the external current source (5). (2) Charging current for charging. Furthermore, the invention relates to a mobile charging pile system (20) and a method for operating the mobile charging pile system (20).

Description

Mobile charging pile, mobile charging pile system and method of operating charging pile system

technical field

The invention relates to a mobile charging pile for charging a battery pack of an electric vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a mobile charging station system with a charging station and a mobile charging station and a method for operating a charging station system.

Background technique

Different charging pile infrastructures are known for charging battery packs of electric vehicles. Basically, a distinction is made here between two types of charging point infrastructure, namely a charging point infrastructure with stationary charging points and a charging point infrastructure with mobile charging points.

Fixed charging points are fixedly installed at one location and connected to the grid. The fixed charging pile has a charging pile interface for electrically coupling the charging pile with the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle. The charging station interface is designed, for example, as a charging station socket or a charging station plug with a charging cable. The charging process of the battery pack of the electric vehicle can be controlled by means of the power electronics of the stationary charging pile. The electrical energy required to charge the battery pack is obtained from the grid. Furthermore, special stationary charging points can be designed to receive electrical energy from the electric vehicle and transmit it directly to the grid. This concept is designed, for example, for grids that are subject to relatively strong fluctuations, for example because it is supplied with a relatively large proportion from regenerative energy converters, such as wind turbines or photovoltaic installations. In sunlight and/or strong winds, relatively more current can be generated, while at night and in the absence of wind, relatively little current can be generated. If the current energy demand cannot be met by the available energy converters, the electrical energy stored in the battery pack can be used. A stationary charging station constructed for this purpose is known, for example, from DE 10 2016 202 798 A1.

Mobile charging piles are basically different from fixed charging piles in three characteristics. First of all, the mobile charging point is not fixedly fixed at one location like the stationary charging point, but is only temporarily parked in one location and is in any case secured by a safety device against unauthorized movement of the mobile charging point. Furthermore, the mobile charging station has an internal energy store for storing and outputting electrical energy to the battery pack or other consumer to be charged of the electric vehicle. Furthermore, mobile charging piles do not have a permanent electrical connection to the grid. The electrical coupling to the grid is only required for charging the internal energy store. For this purpose, mobile charging stations are mostly removed from their installation sites (Aufstellungsort) and brought to grid-coupled charging stations. In addition to the charging station interface for the electrical coupling to the electric vehicle, the mobile charging station also has a charging station interface for this purpose, which is usually arranged in inaccessible areas of the mobile charging station. In order to charge the internal energy store as quickly as possible by means of the charging station, additional power electronics are required which have a higher power than the power electronics for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle. A mobile charging station with a charging station interface and a charging station interface according to the type described is known, for example, from DE 10 2011 107 628 A1.

Compared with fixed charging points, mobile charging points have the following advantages: They can be installed in almost any installation location (aufstellbar). No connection to the grid is required at the installation site, so that the mobile charging station can be used particularly flexibly. Furthermore, the internal energy store has the advantage that mobile charging points can also be operated in the event of a temporary grid breakdown, since they can operate autonomously until the internal energy store needs to be charged from the grid.

The known mobile charging points have the disadvantage that they can only be moved with difficulty and mostly only with the use of expensive auxiliary tools, in particular due to their large dead weight, which is usually up to 3 tons. Furthermore, the charging of the internal energy store is disadvantageous due to the inaccessible charging station interface. Finally, such a mobile charging station is relatively expensive to manufacture, in particular because of the two power electronics required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate or at least partially eliminate the abovementioned disadvantages in a mobile charging point, a mobile charging point system and a method for operating a mobile charging point system. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile charging point, a mobile charging point system and a method for operating a mobile charging point system, which are simple and cost-effective, especially in the absence of The additional device ensures improved charging of the internal energy store of the mobile charging point.

The above-mentioned tasks are solved by the patent claims. The task is therefore solved by a mobile charging point with the features of the independent claim 1 , a mobile charging point system with the features of the dependent claim 9 and by a method for operating a mobile charging point system with the features of the dependent claim 10 . Additional features and details of the invention emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. The features and details described here in connection with the mobile charging point according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the mobile charging point system according to the invention and the method for operating the mobile charging point system according to the invention, and The reverse is also true, respectively, so that the disclosures with respect to the various aspects of the invention are always referred to or can be referred to each other.

According to a first aspect of the invention, this task is solved by a mobile charging station for charging a battery pack of an electric vehicle. The mobile charging pile has: an internal energy storage for storing and outputting electrical energy; a charging pile interface for electrically coupling the mobile charging pile with the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle; and power electronics for controlling The charging current for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle with electrical energy from the internal energy storage. According to the invention, the charging station interface is designed for electrical coupling to an external current source, wherein the power electronics is designed to control the charging current for charging the internal energy store with electrical energy from the external current source.

The internal energy store can have, for example, a lithium-ion battery and/or a lithium iron phosphate battery and/or a lithium polymer battery and/or a sodium-nickel chloride battery or the like. The internal energy store preferably has a store housing, which protects the batteries of the energy store from external influences, in particular mechanical shocks, and other environmental influences, such as moisture, heat, etc. The internal energy store is designed to store electrical energy. For this purpose, the energy store can be electrically coupled to the charging stations of the mobile charging station system via the charging station interface. Furthermore, the internal energy store is configured to output electrical energy to the battery pack of the electric vehicle. For this purpose, the charging station interface can be electrically coupled to the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle.

The charging station interface is designed as a bidirectional interface and is preferably arranged on the mobile charging station in such a way that the charging station interface is easily accessible to the user. The charging station interface can be electrically coupled to an external current source, in particular a grid-coupled charging station, so that current can be conducted from the external current source via the charging station interface into the internal energy store in order to charge it. Furthermore, the charging station interface is designed for electrical coupling with an electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle. It can be provided that the charging station interface is designed for electrical coupling to the charging station and to the electric vehicle interface via the same interface contacts of the charging station interface. This configuration has the advantage that it is particularly space-saving and can be operated simply and automatically. Alternatively, the charging station interface has a first interface contact for electrical coupling with the charging station and a second interface contact at least partially different from the first interface contact for electrical coupling with the electric vehicle interface. This configuration has the advantage that the interface contacts can be optimized for the strength of the current to be conducted through each. Likewise, according to the invention, it can also be provided that the charging station interface has an adapter which is designed for electrical coupling to the electric vehicle interface and can be decoupled for the electrical coupling to the charging station. This has the advantage that the risk of thermal overloading of the interface contacts when charging the internal energy store at the charging station can be reduced.

The power electronics are designed to control the charging current for charging the battery with electrical energy from the internal current store. With the aid of the power electronics, it is possible, for example, to control the strength of the charging current as well as the charging voltage and thus the charging power of the charging current. In this way, the service life of the internal energy store and of the battery pack of the electric vehicle can be extended. Furthermore, the power electronics are designed to control the charging current for charging the internal energy store with electrical energy from an external current source. With the aid of the power electronics, it is possible to control, for example, the strength of the charging current as well as the charging voltage and thus the charging power of the charging current.

The mobile charging pile according to the invention has the following advantages over conventional mobile charging piles: With the aid of a simple device and in a cost-effective manner, both the internal energy storage of the mobile charging pile and the battery of the electric vehicle can be charged. group charging. Both charging processes can be carried out via the same charging station interface, so that, in particular, the electrical coupling of the mobile charging station to the charging station is improved, since the charging station interface is easily and automatically accessible to the user. Furthermore, the two charging processes can be carried out by means of the same power electronics, so that the costs and the installation space of the charging electronics for the mobile charging station are reduced.

According to a preferred development of the invention, it can be provided in the mobile charging station that the power electronics are designed to control a charging power of at least 200 kW for charging the internal energy store; and to control a charging power of at least 50 kW for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle. Preferably, the power electronics are designed to control a charging current strength between 50A and 70A, in particular 63A. With the aid of such power electronics, it is ensured with simple means and in a cost-effective manner that the internal energy store is charged particularly quickly and the battery pack is charged in a way that protects the battery pack.

It is preferred according to the present invention that the mobile charging pile has a cooling device for cooling the interface of the charging pile. The cooling device is preferably designed to dissipate heat from the charging contacts of the charging station interface and thus cool them. Preferably, the cooling device has a water cooling circuit for this purpose. More preferably, the cooling device has a temperature sensor for determining the temperature in the region of the charging point interface, in particular in the region of the charging contacts. Further preferably, the cooling device has regulating means for regulating the cooling device as a function of the temperature determined by the temperature sensor. Alternatively or additionally, the cooling device may be coupled to the power electronics device in order to control the cooling device as a function of the operating state of the power electronics device. Therefore, when charging the internal energy store, a higher cooling power can be set due to the higher heating of the charging station interface than when charging the battery pack. In this way, overheating of the charging point interface, in particular the charging contacts, can be avoided, so that the service life of the charging point interface can be improved with a simple device and in a cost-effective manner.

More preferably, the power electronics device has a detection device, wherein the detection device is designed to detect the electrical coupling of the mobile charging point to the battery pack of the electric vehicle and/or the mobile charging point to an external current source electrical coupling. According to the invention, the detection device can be designed as a current source detection device. With the aid of such a detection device, the characteristics of the current source can be analyzed, so that it can be determined whether the interface of the charging station is electrically coupled to the interface of the electric vehicle or to the charging station. Alternatively, the detection device can have, for example, a keyer, a sensor or the like, which provides a signal, in particular when electrically coupled to the charging station. This can take place, for example, in cooperation with optical or magnetic markings, pins, etc. of the charging station. The detection device has the advantage that the operating state of the power electronics, for example the charging of the internal energy store, can be better controlled as a function of the detected current source.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the charging station interface has a charging cable with a charging plug for electrically coupling, in particular automatically, to a charging socket of an electric vehicle. Preferably, the charging cable and the charging plug are also designed to be electrically coupled, in particular automatically, to an external current source, in particular a charging station. Additionally or alternatively, the charging station interface has a charging socket for electrical coupling with a charging plug of the charging station and for electrical coupling with a charging plug of the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle. It can likewise be provided that the charging socket is arranged on the charging cable. Such a charging station interface has the advantage that the interface to the electric vehicle and the electrical coupling to the charging station are improved by means of a simple device and in a cost-effective manner.

Preferably, the mobile charging point has a charging point housing and a plurality of wheels, wherein the wheels are arranged in the charging point housing, in particular in a retractable manner. The charging station housing is designed to protect the components of the charging station, such as the internal energy store, power electronics, etc., from external influences, such as weather, mechanical shocks, etc. The wheels are configured for moving the charging point to eg a placement site, a transport vehicle or the like. The wheels can be retracted completely or partially in the charging station housing. It is preferred here that the wheels are retractable in such a way that the bearing surface of the mobile charging station can be enlarged, for example by bringing the supporting elements of the mobile charging station into contact. The retraction performance of the wheels has the following advantages, by which the reliable standing of the mobile charging pile at the installation site can be achieved. Furthermore, it is possible in this way to prevent the mobile charging station from being moved by unauthorized third parties.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mobile charging pile has an electric motor for driving at least one wheel to move the mobile charging pile. The electric motor is preferably operable with electrical energy stored in an internal energy store. Preferably, the electric motor can be controlled by means of existing power electronics. The electric motor has the advantage of improving the movement of the mobile charging station by means of a simple device. Thus, for example, it is possible to improve: moving the mobile charging point closer to the installation site and aligning the mobile charging point at the installation site.

Particularly preferably, the mobile charging station has a crash protection frame (Anfahrschutzbügel) for crash protection. Preferably, the crash protection frame is configured to be movable relative to the charging point housing. The crash protection frame is preferably designed in this range to be moved close to the charging point housing or retracted in it for transporting the mobile charging point. Furthermore, the crash protection frame is preferably designed to move away from the charging point housing when the mobile charging point is installed at the installation site, in order to protect the charging point housing from a collision with the motor vehicle. It is preferred according to the invention that the crash protection frame is coupled, in particular mechanically, to the wheels of the mobile charging station. This coupling preferably provides that the crash protection frame automatically retracts when the wheels are extended and automatically extends when the wheels are retracted. The crash protection frame has the advantage that damage to the mobile charging station can be minimized in the event of a collision with a motor vehicle with a simple arrangement and at low cost. This adjustability of the crash protector has the advantage that the movement and storage of the mobile charging post is improved due to the reduced external dimensions caused by the retraction of the crash protector.

According to a second aspect of the invention, this task is solved by a mobile charging pile system. The mobile charging station system has a mobile charging station for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle and a charging station which can be coupled to the grid for charging an internal energy store of the mobile charging station. According to the invention, the mobile charging station is configured as a mobile charging station according to the invention, wherein the charging station is configured for electrical coupling with the charging station interface. The charging station is preferably designed to be fixedly mounted and preferably has a securing device for securing the charging station to the mounting ground.

In the described mobile charging point system, all the advantages already described in relation to the mobile charging point according to the first aspect of the invention result. Therefore, the mobile charging station according to the invention has the following advantages over conventional mobile charging station systems: by means of a simple device and in a cost-effective manner, both the internal energy storage of the mobile charging station and the battery of the electric vehicle can be charged. group charging. Both charging processes can be carried out via the same charging station interface, so that, in particular, the electrical coupling of the mobile charging station to the charging station is improved, since the charging station interface is easily and automatically accessible to the user. Furthermore, the two charging processes can be carried out by means of the same power electronics, so that the costs and the installation space of the charging electronics for the mobile charging station are reduced.

According to a third aspect of the invention, this task is solved by a method for operating a mobile charging station system according to the invention. The method has the following method steps:

electrically coupling the charging pile interface of the mobile charging pile of the mobile charging pile system with the charging station of the mobile charging pile system,

The internal energy storage of the mobile charging pile is charged by means of the charging station,

decoupling the charging pile interface from the charging station, and

The charging pile interface is provided for electrical coupling with an electric vehicle interface of an electric vehicle for charging a battery pack of the electric vehicle.

When electrically coupling the charging station interface of the mobile charging station to the charging station, a cable connection is preferably established between the mobile charging station and the charging station, in particular by means of a conventional charging cable with a charging plug designed for this purpose. The charging of the internal energy store of the mobile charging point is preferably controlled by means of the power electronics of the mobile charging point. When decoupling the charging station interface from the charging station, the cable connection between the mobile charging station and the charging station is preferably removed. In order to provide the charging point interface of the mobile charging point for electrical coupling with the electric vehicle interface, the mobile charging point is brought, for example, to an installation site, in particular a parking lot or the like, and is installed there. Preferably, the mobile charging point is here secured against unauthorized removal. The charging station interface provided is the same as the charging station interface for charging the mobile charging station, wherein, for example, a plug adapter or a different charging cable can be provided. Likewise, different charging contacts can be used for charging the internal energy store and for charging the battery pack.

Subsequently, the electrical coupling of the charging station interface of the mobile charging station with the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle and the charging of the battery pack of the electric vehicle with the electrical energy stored in the internal energy storage of the mobile charging station can be carried out. The charging can be controlled by means of power electronics.

Description of drawings

The mobile charging pile according to the invention, the mobile charging pile system according to the invention and the method for operating the mobile charging pile system according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Schematically, respectively:

FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the mobile charging station according to the invention in a transport situation in a side view,

FIG. 2 shows the mobile charging station of FIG. 1 in a side view in operating condition,

Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the mobile charging pile system according to the invention in a side view, and

FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention in a flow chart.

Elements with the same function and mode of action are each assigned the same reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 4 .

Detailed ways

In FIG. 1 a preferred embodiment of the mobile charging point 1 according to the invention is schematically depicted in a side view in a transport situation. The mobile charging pile 1 has a charging pile housing 9 , and the charging pile housing has a plurality of rollers 10 . In this embodiment, the mobile charging point 1 has an optional electric motor 11 arranged in the charging point housing 9 for driving the wheels 10 . Preferably, the electric motor 11 or another device is configured to raise or lower the wheel 10 . In the transport situation shown in FIG. 1 , the wheels 10 are extended so that the mobile charging point 1 can be moved. An internal current store 2 is arranged in the charging pile housing 9 for storing and for outputting electrical energy. The mobile charging station 1 has a charging station interface 3 with a plurality of charging plugs 8 which are electrically coupled to the internal energy store 2 via a charging cable that is not visible. Alternatively or additionally, the charging point interface 3 can have a charging socket for electrical coupling with the charging plug 8 . The charging point interface 3 is arranged on an area of the mobile charging point 1 which is particularly easily accessible by the user.

Furthermore, the mobile charging station 1 has power electronics 4 for controlling the charging of the internal energy store 2 by means of an external current source 5 (see FIG. 3 ) and for controlling the charging of the electric vehicle with electrical energy from the internal energy store 2 charging of the battery pack. The power electronics 4 has a detection device 7 for detecting the electrical coupling of the charging station interface 3 to the external current source 5 and for detecting the electrical coupling of the charging station interface 3 to the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle. In order to protect the charging point housing 9 from a collision with a motor vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle, the mobile charging point 1 has a plurality of crash protection frames 12 which extend around the charging point housing 9 . The crash protector 12 is linearly movable relative to the charging pile housing 9 . In the transport situation, the crash protection frame 12 moves close to the charging pile housing 9 , thereby reducing the external dimensions of the mobile charging pile 1 . According to the invention, it can be provided that not all crash bars 12 are designed to be movable. Finally, the mobile charging pile 1 has an operation area (Bedienfeld) 13 for operating the mobile charging pile 1 and for displaying the operating status of the mobile charging pile 1 and the like.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the mobile charging point 1 of FIG. 1 in an operating condition in a side view. In operating conditions, the wheels 10 are retracted into the charging point housing 9 , so that the mobile charging point 1 has an improved stand in the installation position and cannot be moved by means of simple means. Furthermore, the crash protector 12 is arranged in the extended state. In this operating state, the internal energy store 2 can be charged by the external current source 5 . Furthermore, in this operating state, the battery pack of the electric vehicle can be charged via the internal energy store 2 . The mobile charging station 1 is designed in such a way that according to the invention charging can be carried out by means of the same, easily accessible charging station interface 3 and the same power electronics 4 .

In Fig. 3 a preferred embodiment of the mobile charging pile system 20 according to the invention is schematically depicted in side view. The mobile charging point system 20 has a plurality of mobile charging points 1 , which are constructed, for example, according to the mobile charging points 1 described in FIGS. 1 and 2 . Furthermore, the mobile charging station system 20 has an external current source 5 designed as a charging station 21 . The charging station 21 has a charging station interface 22 for electrically coupling with the charging station interface 3 of the mobile charging station 1 for charging the internal energy storage 2 .

FIG. 4 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention in a flow chart. In a first method step 100 , the charging pile interface 3 of the mobile charging pile 1 of the mobile charging pile system 20 is electrically coupled with the charging station interface 22 of the charging station 21 , especially the charging station 21 of the mobile charging pile system 20 . The charging station 21 is preferably connected to the grid. The electrical coupling takes place in particular by means of a charging cable designed for this purpose with a charging plug 8 and/or a charging socket. In a second method step 200 , the internal energy store 2 of the mobile charging station 1 is fully or at least partially charged by means of the charging station 21 , in particular fully or at least partially charged by means of electrical energy provided by the grid. The charging is controlled by means of the power electronics 4 of the mobile charging station 1 . In a third method step 300 , the charging station interface 3 is decoupled from the charging station 21 . In this state, the connection between the mobile charging pile 1 and the external current source 5 is interrupted. In a fourth method step 400, a charging pile interface 3 is provided for electrical coupling with the electric vehicle interface of the electric vehicle for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle. The charging of the battery pack can be controlled by means of the power electronics 4 of the mobile charging station 1 . The provision may, for example, include the installation of the mobile charging point 1 at an installation site, in particular a parking lot or the like.

List of reference signs

1 Mobile charging pile

2 Internal energy storage

3 Charging pile interface

4 Power electronics

5 External current source

6 Cooling device

7 Detection device

8 Charging plug

9 Charging pile shell

10 wheels

11 Electric motor

12 Crash Protector

13 Operating area

20 Mobile charging pile system

21 Charging Stations

22 Charging station interface

100 First Method Steps

200 Second method step

300 Third method step

400 Fourth method step

Claims (10)

1. A mobile charging pile (1) for charging a battery pack of an electric vehicle, the mobile charging pile having: an internal energy storage (2) for storing and outputting electrical energy; (1) A charging pile interface (3) electrically coupled to an electric vehicle interface of an electric vehicle; and power electronics (4) for controlling the electrical energy for the electric energy from the internal energy store (2) the charging current to charge the battery pack of the electric vehicle, It is characterized in that, The charging station interface (3) is configured for electrical coupling with an external current source, wherein the power electronics (4) is configured for controlling the charging of the internal charging point with electrical energy from the external current source (5). Charging current for charging the energy store (2). 2. The mobile charging pile (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, The power electronics (4) are configured to control a charging power of at least 200 kW for charging the internal energy store (2); and to control a charging power of at least 50 kW for charging a battery of the electric vehicle Charge. 3. The mobile charging pile (1) according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that, The mobile charging pile (1) has a cooling device (6) for cooling the charging pile interface (3). 4. The mobile charging pile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The power electronic device (4) has a detection device (7), wherein the detection device (7) is designed to detect the electrical coupling of the mobile charging station (1) to the battery pack of an electric vehicle and/or Or the electrical coupling between the mobile charging pile (1) and the external current source (5). 5. The mobile charging pile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The charging pile interface (3) has a charging cable with a charging plug (8) for electrically coupling with the charging socket of the electric vehicle. 6. The mobile charging pile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that, The mobile charging pile (1) has a charging pile housing (9) and a plurality of wheels (10), wherein the wheels (10) are especially arranged in the charging pile housing (9) in a retractable manner middle. 7. The mobile charging pile (1) according to claim 6, It is characterized in that, The mobile charging pile (1) has a motor (11) for driving at least one wheel (10) to move the mobile charging pile (1). 8. The mobile charging pile (1) according to claim 6 or 7, It is characterized in that, The mobile charging pile (1) has a collision protection frame (12) for collision protection. 9. A mobile charging pile system (20) having a mobile charging pile (1) for charging a battery pack of an electric vehicle and a charging station (21) capable of being coupled to a power grid, the charging station for charging the internal energy storage (2) of the mobile charging pile (1), It is characterized in that, The mobile charging station (1) is constructed according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the charging station (21) is configured for electrical coupling with the charging station interface (3). 10. A method for operating a mobile charging pile system (20) according to claim 9, said method having the following steps: electrically coupling the charging pile interface (3) of the mobile charging pile (1) of the mobile charging pile system (20) with the charging station (21) of the mobile charging pile system (20), The internal energy storage (2) of the mobile charging pile (1) is charged by means of the charging station (21), decoupling the charging pile interface (3) from the charging station (21), and The charging pile interface (3) is provided for electrically coupling with an electric vehicle interface of an electric vehicle for charging a battery pack of the electric vehicle.

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