CN110679471A - An Innovative Breeding Method of Huanglan Group Germplasm - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to an innovative breeding method of cymbidium germplasm, which comprises the following steps: selecting a yellow modifier group self-bred line as one of the parents, hybridizing with a lanchester group self-bred line, backcrossing the yellow modifier group self-bred line as the parent for 1 time, and continuously selfing for multiple generations by a high-stringency line selection method to breed a plurality of parts of excellent self-bred lines; confirming that the selected inbred line belongs to the yellow blue group by utilizing an SSR molecular marker technology; selecting an inbred line from the X group as a female parent test seed for test cross; the test cross breeding is carried out by taking the corn varieties mainly planted in China as the contrast, multi-point multi-row repeated planting is carried out, the test cross breeding is selected to be superior to the corn varieties mainly planted in China in the yield of 10%, and the selfing line which is superior to the hybrid combination matched by the original parent and the female parent in the characteristics of early maturity, strong vertical lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren resistance, high dehydration speed, low seed water content and the like is the new germplasm of the Huanglan population. The method of the invention aims to improve the genetic gain of the unique germplasm resources in China.

Description

An Innovative Breeding Method of Huanglan Group Germplasm

technical field

The invention relates to a crop breeding method, in particular to an innovative breeding method for the germplasm of yellow orchid group.

Background technique

Maize germplasm resources are the material basis for cultivating high-yield and high-quality multi-resistance hybrids. In particular, local germplasm resources with good ecological adaptability are indispensable and important materials. At present, due to the impact of foreign superior germplasm resources, a large part of maize genetics and breeding units in the Northeast early spring maize area have given up the research and utilization of the germplasm of the Huangqiang group, resulting in a significant decrease in the genetic gain of my country's unique local germplasm. In addition, in recent years, soil compaction and salinization in early-maturing spring corn areas in Northeast China, alternate spring drought, summer drought and autumn drought, and more serious diseases and insect pests such as head smut, large spot and corn borer, and excessive grain moisture content after harvest, etc. Problems continue to appear, resulting in that most corn inbred lines on the market have been unable to meet current and future corn production requirements for early maturity, strong erection resistance to lodging, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, fast dehydration, and low grain moisture content. There is an urgent need for germplasm resources with excellent comprehensive traits.

In order to meet the needs of the situation and solve the problems that most maize inbred lines in the early-maturing spring maize area in Northeast China are not resistant to high temperature, poor drought resistance, poor lodging resistance, and poor disease resistance, we based on the theory of maize genetics and breeding, combined with breeding practice, proposed a An innovative breeding method for the germplasm of Huanglan group. This method can not only continuously improve the genetic gain of my country's unique germplasm resources, but also can solve the problem of early maturity, strong erection lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren resistance, fast dehydration speed and low grain water content in the early-maturing spring maize region of Northeast China. Breeding of other germplasm resources, and accelerated the breeding of new maize varieties with high yield, early maturity, resistance to barrenness, disease resistance and lodging, and suitable for machine harvesting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a kind of innovative breeding method of Huanglan group germplasm, comprising the following steps:

a. Select the inbred line of Huanggai group as one of the parents, cross with the inbred line of Lancaster group, and backcross once with the inbred line of Huanggai group as the parent. Strict line selection method, with early maturity, strong erection lodging resistance, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, and fast dehydration speed as the breeding criteria, and continuous self-breeding for multiple generations to select several excellent inbred lines;

b. Select backbone inbred lines from X group, improved Ruide group, Ruide group, Lanka group, Huang Gai group, Luda Honggu group, and P group as representative lines, and use SSR molecular marker technology to select and bred in step a. Several inbred lines were classified into groups, and it was confirmed that the genetic distance between the inbred lines and the representative inbred lines of the existing groups was relatively far, and they did not belong to the above groups and belonged to the Huanglan group;

c. Select the inbred line from the X group which has a relatively far genetic distance from the Huanggai group and the Lancaster group as the female parent test species, and select the Huanglan group inbred line and the Huanggai group inbred line, Lancaster with the above steps. The inbred line of the special group is the male parent, and the hybrid is combined and hybridized;

d. The obtained hybrids are based on the current main planted maize varieties in my country, and are repeatedly planted in multi-point and multi-row areas, and are tested for maturity period, standing lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren tolerance, dehydration speed, and grain moisture content. The yield of the hybrid combination of the newly selected inbred line is 10% higher than that of the main maize varieties in my country, and it has early maturity, strong erection resistance to lodging, resistance to head smut, resistance to barrenness, fast dehydration, Hybrid combinations with excellent comprehensive traits such as low grain water content, and selected among them are superior in yield, maturity, standing lodging resistance, head smut resistance, tolerance to barrenness, dehydration speed, and grain water content. If the inbred line of the Huanggai group and the inbred line of the Lancaster group are combined with the corresponding hybrid combination, the inbred line corresponding to the selected hybrid combination is the new germplasm of the Huanglan group bred.

Among them, the method of continuous self-crossing for multiple generations through the method of high, large and strict selection, the breeding standards are suitable for the early-maturing spring corn area in Northeast China, early maturity, strong erection resistance to lodging, resistance to head smut, resistance to barrenness, and speed of dehydration Fast, low grain moisture content.

Early maturity: refers to more than 2 days earlier than the original parent;

Strong anti-lodging ability: the lodging rate is less than 10%;

Head smut resistance: the resistance to head smut has reached the level of moderate resistance or above;

Barren resistance: the yield of barren plots is the same as that of the original parent or more than 5% higher than that of the original parent;

Fast dehydration rate: the dehydration rate of the grain is faster than the control in the later stage;

Low grain moisture content: The grain moisture content at harvest is less than 25%.

Wherein, the Huang Gaiqun inbred line is preferably selected from one of Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H.

Wherein, the Lancaster group inbred line is preferably one selected from MO17, PH4CV and LH301.

Among them, the main corn variety currently planted in my country is Zhengdan 958.

Wherein, the repeated planting in the multi-point and multi-row area is preferably three repetitions in the 6-row area of 8 experimental points such as Chifeng in Inner Mongolia, Tongliao in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot in Inner Mongolia, Yushu in Jilin, Tonghua in Jilin, Zhaodong in Heilongjiang, Jiamusi in Heilongjiang, Qingyuan in Liaoning, etc. planting.

The invention also provides the application of the innovative breeding method of Huanglan group germplasm in maize breeding.

The innovative breeding method of Huanglan group germplasm of the present invention aims to continuously improve the genetic gain of my country's unique germplasm resources, enrich the genetic basis of my country's germplasm resources, and solve the problems of early maturity, strong erection resistance, and silk resistance in early-maturing spring maize areas in Northeast China. Breeding of germplasm resources for smut, barren-resistant and fast dehydration speed, and accelerate the selection of new corn varieties with high yield, early maturity, barren tolerance, disease resistance and lodging, suitable for machine harvesting, to promote farmers' enthusiasm for grain planting and agricultural economy sustainable development and ensure food security in my country.

Detailed ways

The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The varieties Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, MO17, PH4CV and LH301 involved in this embodiment are all well-known varieties, and those skilled in the art can introduce them from the breeding units or germplasm banks of each variety.

1. In the spring of 2012, in Beijing, the Huanggai group inbred lines (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H) were selected and the Lancaster group inbred lines (MO17, PH4CV and LH301) were crossed with each other to obtain (Jing 2416). ×MO17, Beijing 2416 × PH4CV, Beijing 2416 × LH301, Chang 7-2 × MO17, Chang 7-2 × PH4CV, Chang 7-2 × LH301, Beijing 2416H × MO17, Beijing 2416H × PH4CV, Beijing 2416H × LH301)F ₁ seed.

2. In the winter of 2012, the hybrid offspring (Jing 2416×MO17, Jing 2416×PH4CV, Jing 2416×LH301, Chang 7-2×MO17, Chang 7-2×PH4CV, Chang 7-2×LH301, Jing 2416H×MO17 , Jing 2416H × PH4CV, Jing 2416H × LH301) F ₁ was planted in Hainan and backcrossed with the Huanggaiqun inbred lines (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H) to obtain [(Jing 2416 × MO17) × Jing 2416, ( Beijing 2416×PH4CV)×Beijing 2416, (Beijing 2416×LH301)×Beijing 2416, (Chang 7-2×MO17)×Chang 7-2, (Chang 7-2×PH4CV)×Chang 7-2, (Chang 7 -2×LH301)×Chang 7-2, (Jing 2416H×MO17)×Jing 2416H, (Jing 2416H×PH4CV)×Jing 2416H, (Jing 2416H×LH301)×Jing 2416H] backcross the 1st generation seeds, and according to the appropriate Northeast early-maturing spring corn area, the standard of early maturity, strong standing lodging resistance, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, fast dehydration, and low grain water content (more than 2 days earlier than the original parent; lodging rate is less than 10% ; Head smut resistance reaches the level of moderate resistance or above; the rate of dehydration in the later stage of the grain is faster than that of the control, and the water content of the grain at harvest is below 25%) The progeny of the first generation of backcross are selected for breeding, and 6-10 individuals are selected for each backcross combination ear.

3. In the spring of 2013, the selected ears of the first generation of the backcross were planted in Beijing according to the ear row for selfing, and 3-5 individual plants were selfed in the excellent ear row. The standard of erection resistance to lodging, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, fast dehydration, and low grain water content (selection criteria are the same as above) are used for self-breeding progeny.

4. From the winter of 2013 to the winter of 2015, continuous self-inbred selection was carried out in Beijing-Hainan through the tall and strict line selection method for 2 generations per year (selection criteria are the same as above), and 20 excellent inbred lines were bred for 5 generations of self-inbred lines. . The 20 inbred lines all showed early maturity, strong erection lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren resistance, fast dehydration, and low grain water content (more than 2 days earlier than the original parent; lodging rate was less than 8 %; the resistance to head smut reached the level of medium resistance or above; the dehydration rate of the grains in the later stage was faster than that of the control, and the water content of the grains at harvest was below 23%).

5. In the spring of 2016, select the backbone inbred lines commonly used in production: Jing 724, Jing MC01, Jing B547, Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, MO17, PH4CV, LH301, Zheng 58, Ye 478, CH03, B73, PH6WC, Dan 340, E28, Qi 319, P178 are X group (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547), Huang Gai group (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H), Luda Lanka group (MO17, PH4CV and LH301) ), improved Ruide group (Zheng 58, Ye 478 and CH03), Ruide group (B73 and PH6WC), Honggu group (Dan 340, E28), P group (Qi 319, P178) and other 7 different germplasm groups The representative lines of the 20 selected and bred excellent inbred lines were divided into groups by SSR molecular marker technology. The results showed that the newly bred 20 inbred lines formed independent groups, namely the Huanglan group. This group includes the excellent characteristics of four major maize germplasm resource groups, such as Ruide group, Huanggai group, Lanka group and Luda Honggu group, which are widely used in my country.

6. Using the representative lines of different germplasm groups in step 5 and the 20 newly bred self-crosses, using SSR molecular marker technology to carry out genetic distance analysis according to the UPGMA (Unweight Pair Group Method Arithmeticaverages) method, it is found that the newly bred The 20 inbred lines have the farthest genetic distance from group X.

7. In the winter of 2016, the X group inbred lines (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547) were used as the female parent test species, and 20 newly selected Huanglan group inbred lines and original parents (Jing 2416, Chang 7- 2. Jing 2416H, MO17, PH4CV and LH301) were used as the male parent to carry out cross-combination and hybridization.

8. In the spring of 2017, the hybrids obtained by cross-combining were compared with Zhengdan 958, the main maize variety currently planted in my country. Chifeng in Inner Mongolia, Tongliao in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot in Inner Mongolia, Yushu in Jilin, Tonghua in Jilin, Zhaodong in Heilongjiang, Jiamusi in Heilongjiang, 8 experimental sites, including Qingyuan, Liaoning Province, were planted three times in 6 rows, and screened and identified comprehensive traits such as high temperature and drought resistance, cloudy and rain tolerance, disease resistance and lodging resistance, and yield (screening criteria: the yield was the same as the control or more than 5% higher than the control). 2 days earlier than the control; the lodging rate is less than 5%; the resistance to head smut is above the level of moderate resistance; the later dehydration rate of the grain is faster than that of the control, and the grain moisture content at harvest is below 23%). Through the comprehensive performance analysis of yield, lodging resistance, disease resistance, stability and other traits, it was found that the newly bred 20 hybrid combinations of Huanglan group inbred lines and X group inbred lines were in high yield, stable yield, adaptability It is superior to the original parent Jing 2416, Chang 7-2, Jing 2416H, MO17, PH4CV and LH301 and the inbred lines of X group in terms of susceptibility, lodging resistance and disease resistance. At the same time, there are 10 hybrid combinations of the newly bred Huanglan group inbred lines that can increase the yield by more than 10% compared with the current main variety Zhengdan 958 and have excellent comprehensive traits.

10. In the winter of 2017, the X group inbred lines (Jing 724, Jing MC01 and Jing B547) were used as the female parent test species, and 10 newly screened Huanglan group inbred lines and original parents (Jing 2416, Chang 7-2) were used as the test species. , Jing 2416H, MO17, PH4CV and LH301) as the male parent to carry out hybridization and hybridization.

11. In the spring of 2018, the hybrids obtained by cross-combining were compared with Zhengdan 958, the main maize variety currently planted in my country. Chifeng in Inner Mongolia, Tongliao in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot in Inner Mongolia, Yushu in Jilin, Tonghua in Jilin, Zhaodong in Heilongjiang, Jiamusi in Heilongjiang, 8 experimental sites in Qingyuan, Liaoning Province, etc. were planted three times in 6 rows, and screened and identified comprehensive traits such as high temperature and drought resistance, cloudy and rain tolerance, disease resistance and lodging resistance, and yield (screening criteria: the yield was the same as the control number or 5% higher than the control). more than 2 days earlier than the control; the lodging rate is less than 5%; the resistance to head smut has reached the level of medium resistance or above; the dehydration rate of the grains is faster than the control in the later stage, and the grain moisture content at harvest is below 23%). Through the identification of 8 points in 2 years, it was found that the newly bred inbred lines were significantly better than the original parents in terms of early maturity, strong erection lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren resistance, and fast dehydration speed. Inbred line of Huanglan group. These three inbred lines of Huanglan group are excellent new germplasms of Huanglan group, named Jinghuanglan 1, Jinghuanglan 2 and Jinghuanglan 3, and have been preserved. The preservation information is as follows:

Jinghuanglan 1, named Zea mays, its deposit number is CGMCC 18329, and was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Management Committee on August 20, 2019, address: 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing No. 3, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101.

Jinghuang orchid 2, named Zea mays, its preservation number is CGMCC 18330, and was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Management Committee on August 20, 2019, address: 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing No. 3, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101.

Jinghuang orchid 3, named Zea mays, its preservation number is CGMCC 18336, and was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Management Committee on August 20, 2019, address: 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing No. 3, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. an innovative breeding method for Huang orchid group germplasm, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: a. Select the inbred line of Huanggai group as one of the parents, cross with the inbred line of Lancaster group, and backcross once with the inbred line of Huanggai group as the parent. Strict line selection method, with early maturity, strong erection lodging resistance, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, and fast dehydration speed as the breeding criteria, and continuous self-breeding for multiple generations to select several excellent inbred lines; b. Select backbone inbred lines from X group, improved Ruide group, Ruide group, Lanka group, Huang Gai group, Luda Honggu group, and P group as representative lines, and use SSR molecular marker technology to select and bred in step a. Several inbred lines were classified into groups, and it was confirmed that the genetic distance between the inbred lines and the representative inbred lines of the existing groups was relatively far, and they did not belong to the above groups and belonged to the Huanglan group; c. Select the inbred line from the X group which has a relatively far genetic distance from the Huanggai group and the Lancaster group as the female parent test species, and select the Huanglan group inbred line and the Huanggai group inbred line, Lancaster with the above steps. The inbred line of the special group is the male parent, and the hybrid is combined and hybridized; d. The obtained hybrids are based on the current main planted maize varieties in my country, and are repeatedly planted in multi-point and multi-row areas, and are tested for maturity period, standing lodging resistance, head smut resistance, barren tolerance, dehydration speed, and grain moisture content. Through comprehensive character identification, the yield of the hybrid combination of the newly selected inbred line is 10% higher than that of the main maize varieties in my country. Hybrid combinations with low water content and excellent comprehensive traits are selected in which yield, maturity, erection lodging resistance, head smut resistance, tolerance to barrenness, dehydration speed, and grain water content are superior to Huanggaiqun self-crossing. For the corresponding hybrid combination of the inbred line of the Lancaster group and the Lancaster group, the inbred line corresponding to the selected hybrid combination is the new germplasm of the Huanglan group bred. 2. the innovative breeding method of yellow orchid group germplasm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described by tall and strict line selection method continuous self-crossing for many generations, the standard of breeding is to be suitable for Northeast early-maturing spring corn area, mature Early stage, strong standing lodging resistance, resistance to head smut, barren resistance, fast dehydration, and low grain water content. 3. The innovative breeding method of Huanglan group germplasm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Huang Gai group inbred line is selected from a kind of in Jing 2416, Chang 7-2 and Jing 2416H. 4. The innovative breeding method of Huanglan group germplasm according to claim 1, wherein the Lancaster group inbred line is selected from one of MO17, PH4CV and LH301. 5. the innovative breeding method of Huang orchid group germplasm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the corn variety of described current my country's main planting is Zhengdan 958. 6. the innovative breeding method of yellow orchid group germplasm according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described multi-point multi-row area repeated planting, for Inner Mongolia Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Hohhot, Jilin elm, Jilin Tonghua, Heilongjiang 8 experimental sites in Zhaodong, Jiamusi in Heilongjiang and Qingyuan in Liaoning were planted three times in 6 rows.