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CN1105274C - 利用旧井来开发地热能的方法 - Google Patents

利用旧井来开发地热能的方法 Download PDF

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CN1105274C
CN1105274C CN96192635A CN96192635A CN1105274C CN 1105274 C CN1105274 C CN 1105274C CN 96192635 A CN96192635 A CN 96192635A CN 96192635 A CN96192635 A CN 96192635A CN 1105274 C CN1105274 C CN 1105274C
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well
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oil
geothermal energy
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CN1179206A (zh
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艾恩纳·兰格塞特
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G4/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy
    • F03G4/074—Safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/30—Geothermal collectors using underground reservoirs for accumulating working fluids or intermediate fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种地下孔道，能将其周围的地热能传递给注入其中的携带能量的液体。根据本发明，至少两个基本竖直延伸的孔道区段(2，4)的下端(7，8)通过一个附加的孔道区段(3)相互连接，管道区段(2，4)原来是作为开采石油和天然气的井。

Description

利用旧井来开发地热能的方法
本发明涉及一种地利用旧井来开发地热能的方法，该方法是将地热能传递给注入其中的携带能量的液体。
美国专利4 290 266中曾公开了一种可以被置于地下封闭洞孔中的环状管路，一种液体可以通过该环状管路的第一区段向下流入地下，而从该环状管路的第二区段向上流出。这种现有技术的缺点是该环状管路的两个区段延展地彼此太近，从而使向上流的热液体被向下流的冷液体所冷却，导致的结果是整体效率很低。
另外，众所周知，有许多深的井孔或井坑与其在地面上辅助设施一起被用来或正被用来开采石油或天然气。这些设施常表现出对环境的不利，因而为了环保或其它原因，要采取越来越多的方法用于迁移或拆除这类设施，以及在停止开采石油和天然气之后将井密封，这是一个非常昂贵的过程。
本发明的目的是提供一种新井区段，利用至少两个旧井与至少一个新井区段来开发地热能，由此可以避免上述的缺点。
上述目的的技术解决方案在于，这种利用至少两个曾被用来开采油气的单独的旧井与至少一个新井区段一起来开发地热能的方法，新井区段原先设有被用来开采油气，每个旧井具有一底部，其特征在于，新井段与每个旧井的底部相互连接，利用旧井分别将热交换液体向下注入新井区段和从其中引出，因而，新井区段适于将热交换液体从一个井运送到另一个，然后再送到地热电站。本发明通过参考附图来进行详细描述，附图大略地说明了本发明的孔道。
如图所示，一个平台1位于海床5上，它上层部分向上伸出海平面6。从平台附近的海床5延伸出两个基本上竖直的孔道区段，即第一孔道区段2和第三孔道区段4，分别通向位于地层中的7、8位置，石油和天然气就是从这里开采出并通过孔道区段2、4运出来的。
当石油和天然气的开采停止后，本发明的方法不是迁移平台和密封孔道区段2、4，而是开凿另一附加的或第二个孔道区段3，它将位置7和8彼此相连，从而提供了一个包括第一、第二和第三孔道区段2，3和4的孔道环路。
将一种合适的液体，如水，注入到第一孔道区段2后，该液体沿着第二孔道区段3流动，在那里它被周围的地层加热，接着向上流过第三孔道区段4。这样在孔道区段4中的已被加热的液体就避免了被向下流过第一孔道区段2的冷水冷却。
如果基本上垂直的孔道区段2和4象图中所示的那样从同一平台1延伸，则附加的孔道区段3在它向第二区段8延伸之前，要先在远离位置7处形成一个相对较大的环路，从而确保该液体在向上流出第三孔道区段4之前，可以被加热到接近第二孔道区段3周围地层的温度，即使通流速度很高。
在平台上可以安装一套已知的本身自有设施(没有示出)，热能可以通过它转换成另一种合适的能源形式，如电能，并提供给用户。这种设施可以包括：热交换器、涡轮机、发电机等。可以设想，这套设施对于本领域的技术人员来说是很熟悉的。
应当理解，本发明使得设施和井坑的再利用成为可能，相反，要是对它们进行停运将花费所有者很大的经费。本发明所提供的能源释放物没有污染环境，并且该能源可以从一种几乎取之不尽的资源中得到。
为了说明提供的能量所涉及到的成本，参见以下数据。
在海床以下3500米到6000米的深度，温度大约是110到180℃。
两个井孔中的每一个都有大约3000米长，以便开采石油和天然气，时下它们的成本大约为一亿五千万NOK。另外一个用来连接两个井孔的斜钻孔大约为1000米长，成本大约为两千万NOK。
例如，在北海的开采地区Statfjord B有大约40口井，它们将在2003年左右与平台一起被关闭，但是通过应用本发明，这些井可以作为20个孔道环路的一部分用来生产地热能，而平台则可以被用作上面提到的设施的底架台座。
应当理解，能在孔道区段内插入内部可流液体的管子。
象这样的油田，可以运用以下的数据：
管的内径                     0.215m
水流量                       700m3/h
水流速                       5.32m/s
水泵上游水流的入口温度       20℃
水泵下游水流的出口温度       40℃
钻井中水流的出口温度         110℃
孔道长度                 7000m
泵功率                   1.72MW
热功率                   40MW
根据粗略的估计，这一热功率可以提供大约5兆瓦的有效输出。这样，油田中的20个孔道环路就能够提供100兆瓦的电力总输出，扣除水泵运行耗能20×1.75MW＝34.4MW，则可得到65.6兆瓦的电能。
尽管本发明的上述描述中宣称两个孔道区段可以通过另一附加孔道区段来彼此相连，但应当理解，也可以将两个以上的孔道区段彼此相连。

Claims (2)

1.利用至少两个曾被用来开采油气的单独的旧井与至少一个新井区段一起来开发地热能的方法，新井区段原先没有被用来开采油气，每个旧井具有一底部，其特征在于，新井区段与每个旧井的底部相互连接，利用旧井分别将热交换液体向下注入新井区段和从其中引出，因而，新井区段适于将热交换液体从一个井运送到另一个，然后再送到地热电站。
2.利用一第一旧井和一第二旧井来开发地热能的方法，每个旧井原先曾被用来开采油气，每个旧井具有一底部，其特征在于钻出至少一个新井区段；
将新井区段与每个旧井的底部相互连接；
一种热交换液体相继向下流过第一旧井，经新井区段和向上流过第二旧井，从而获得加热的液体；以及输送该加热的液体，以便在地热电站中使用。
CN96192635A 1995-01-27 1996-01-26 利用旧井来开发地热能的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1105274C (zh)

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NO950306 1995-01-27
NO950306A NO302781B1 (no) 1995-01-27 1995-01-27 Anvendelse av minst to adskilte brönner til utvinning av hydrokarboner til utvinning av geotermisk energi

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AU (1) AU4635396A (zh)
DK (1) DK0804709T3 (zh)
IS (1) IS1755B (zh)
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EP0804709A1 (en) 1997-11-05
CN1179206A (zh) 1998-04-15
NO302781B1 (no) 1998-04-20
MX9705651A (es) 1998-07-31
AU4635396A (en) 1996-08-14
NO950306L (no) 1996-07-29
IS1755B (is) 2000-11-20
EP0804709B1 (en) 1999-06-16
WO1996023181A1 (en) 1996-08-01
DK0804709T3 (da) 1999-11-22
RU2153637C2 (ru) 2000-07-27
US6000471A (en) 1999-12-14
NO950306D0 (no) 1995-01-27
IS4530A (is) 1997-07-24

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