Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application provides a method for simulating business anomalies, which can be executed by a device for simulating business anomalies. FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of modeling traffic anomalies according to one embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG. 1, including:
s102, determining the target object and the simulation point information in response to the operation of selecting the target abnormality simulation information by the user.
Specifically, the target object may be a target application, and the device simulating the business anomaly determines the target object and the simulation point information according to the operation of selecting the target anomaly simulation information by the user.
Optionally, as an embodiment, before determining the target object and the simulation point information in response to the operation of selecting the abnormal simulation information by the user, the method shown in fig. 1 further includes:
displaying a plurality of pieces of abnormal simulation information, wherein the plurality of pieces of abnormal simulation information comprise target abnormal simulation information, and each piece of abnormal simulation information comprises object information, scene information corresponding to the object information, service information corresponding to the scene information and simulation point information corresponding to the service information.
Specifically, before the user performs the service demonstration, the device for simulating the service abnormality may present a plurality of abnormality simulation information to the user, the abnormality simulation information including object information, scene information, service information, and simulation point information. One object information may correspond to a plurality of scene information, one scene information may correspond to a plurality of service information, and one service information may correspond to a plurality of simulation point information. The operation of selecting the target abnormal simulation information by the user may be a clicking operation of the user on the abnormal simulation information.
For example, the anomaly simulation information includes object information corresponding to the application a, scene information corresponding to the scene b, service information corresponding to the service c, and simulation point information e corresponding to the anomaly action d. When the user clicks the abnormal simulation information 1, the application a is determined to be a target object, and the simulation point information e is determined to be simulation point information.
In this embodiment, before the user selects the simulation point information, a plurality of abnormal simulation information are displayed for the user, so that the user can conveniently select the abnormal simulation information.
S104, outputting simulation point information to the target object.
Specifically, after the target object and the simulated point information are determined, the device simulating the business anomaly outputs the simulated point information to the target object.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, the simulated point information is related to the target service; after receiving the simulation point information, the target application responds to the operation of the target application operating personnel on the target application, and the target application executes the target service in the target scene.
Specifically, after receiving the simulation point information, the target application may enter into the target scene according to the manual operation of the target application side and execute the target service. The simulation point information corresponds to a simulation point related to the target service execution process, for example, the simulation point may be executed during the target service execution process.
Alternatively, as an embodiment, the simulated point information is related to the target service;
wherein, before outputting the simulation point information to the target object, the method shown in fig. 1 further comprises:
the control target object executes the target service in the target scene.
Specifically, the target object is controlled to execute the target service in the target scene before the simulation point information is output to the target object. The process of controlling the target object to execute the target service may be performed by outputting scene information and service information to the target object, the target object executing the target service according to the scene information and the service information.
For example, the device simulating the traffic anomaly may output target scene information and target traffic information to the target application, the target application enters a target scene corresponding to the target scene information, and the target application executes the traffic information corresponding to the target traffic.
In the embodiment, the target object is controlled to execute the target service in the target scene, so that the target service is not required to be executed manually on the target object side, and the demonstration of the abnormal scene of the target application is facilitated.
Optionally, as an embodiment, controlling the target object to execute the target service in the target scene includes:
in the case where the target service needs to be repeatedly executed, it is determined whether the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is greater than or equal to a set number of times.
In the case where the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is smaller than the set number of times, the target service is repeatedly executed in the target scene until the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed reaches a predetermined number of times.
Specifically, in the case where the target application needs to be repeatedly executed, it is determined whether the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is greater than or equal to the set number of times, and in the case where the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is less than the set number of times, the target service is repeatedly executed in the target scene. In the case where the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is greater than or equal to the set number of times, the execution of the target service is stopped.
For example, taking the transfer of the target service to the application b by the application a as an example, the application a and the application b may cause the transfer failure between the application a and the application b due to the network connection problem, and the application a may attempt to resume the network connection and complete the transfer operation repeatedly. At this time, it is determined whether the repeated operation of the application a is greater than or equal to the set number of times, which may be set to 2 times, and the application a may be repeatedly executed once.
In this embodiment, the number of repeated executions of the target service is limited by the set number of times, and when the number of repeated executions is smaller than the set number of times, the target service may be repeatedly executed, and when the number of repeated executions is greater than or equal to the set number of times, the execution of the target service is stopped. Different setting times can be set for different businesses, the repeated execution times of the businesses are limited, and the demonstration effect is improved.
S106, acquiring target abnormal action information output by the target object at the simulation point corresponding to the simulation point information.
Specifically, when the target object is in the process of executing the target service and the simulation point information corresponds to the simulation point, the target object outputs target abnormal action information to the device for simulating the service abnormality at the simulation point.
S108, controlling the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information.
Specifically, the device simulating the business abnormality controls the target object to execute the target abnormal action according to the target abnormal action information. The abnormal actions can comprise actions such as controlling the control target object to sleep and run-time abnormal, the abnormal action information can be set to be a number or a unique mark, and the device simulating the business abnormal matches the corresponding target abnormal actions according to the number, so that the control target object executes the target abnormal actions.
For example, the target object outputs abnormal operation information to the device simulating the abnormal operation, the abnormal operation information includes a number 511, the device simulating the abnormal operation matches the corresponding abnormal operation a according to the number 511, and then the target object is controlled to execute the abnormal operation a.
In this embodiment, the device for simulating a business anomaly outputs simulated point information to the target object, and then matches the corresponding target anomaly action and controls the target object to execute the target anomaly action according to the target anomaly action information output by the target object at the simulated point corresponding to the simulated point information. The process of simulating the abnormal action is executed by the device for simulating the abnormal action, and when other objects need to execute the abnormal action, the device for simulating the abnormal action can be applied to control the other objects to complete the abnormal action, so that the reusability of abnormal logic is improved. In addition, the process of simulating the abnormal action is executed by the device for simulating the business abnormality, the abnormal action can be completed only by embedding the simulation points in the application, the influence of logic for completing the abnormal action in the application on the application is small, the simulation points in the application are conveniently deleted, and the output of products is convenient.
Optionally, as an embodiment, controlling the target object to perform the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information includes:
and controlling the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information through the abnormal simulation tool kit, wherein the abnormal simulation tool kit and the target object are installed in the same terminal equipment.
Specifically, the device for simulating the service abnormality may include a console and an abnormality simulation toolkit, and before outputting the simulation point information to the target object, the device for simulating the service abnormality transmits the abnormality simulation toolkit to the terminal device where the target object is located, and the terminal device where the target object is located installs the abnormality simulation toolkit after receiving the abnormality simulation toolkit. The anomaly simulation toolkit includes simulated anomaly logic for controlling the target object to perform an anomaly action.
When the target object outputs the target abnormal action information, the abnormal simulation tool bag matches the corresponding target abnormal action according to the target abnormal action information and controls the target object to execute the target abnormal action.
In this embodiment, by packing the logic for simulating the business abnormality into the abnormality simulation tool kit, the target object matches the corresponding abnormality simulation logic in the abnormality simulation tool kit through the target abnormality action information in the simulation point, thereby realizing the action for simulating the business abnormality of the target object. The logic for simulating the abnormal action does not need to be embedded into the target object, so that the reusability of the logic for simulating the abnormal action is improved; in addition, all logic simulating abnormal actions is stored in an abnormal simulation tool kit, so that the abnormal simulation logic can be added, deleted or modified conveniently; in addition, the complexity of the simulation point information in the target object is low, so that the simulation points in the target object can be added, deleted and modified conveniently.
Optionally, as an embodiment, after receiving the target abnormal action information, the abnormal simulation toolkit determines a corresponding target abnormal action based on a preset matching rule, where the preset matching rule includes a corresponding relationship between the target abnormal action information and the target abnormal action, and the preset matching rule is stored in the console.
Specifically, the abnormal simulation toolkit determines, after receiving the target abnormal action information, a target abnormal action corresponding to the target abnormal action information based on a preset matching rule stored in the console.
In this embodiment, the preset matching rule is stored in the console, so that the storage occupation amount of the terminal device for installing the abnormal simulation toolkit is reduced.
Optionally, as an embodiment, before the target object is controlled by the anomaly simulation toolkit to perform the target anomaly action, the method further includes:
and sending a preset matching rule to the abnormal simulation tool package, wherein the preset matching rule comprises a matching relation between abnormal action information and abnormal actions, so that the abnormal simulation tool package determines the target abnormal actions.
Specifically, the preset matching rule is transmitted to the abnormality simulation toolkit before the target object is controlled by the abnormality simulation toolkit to execute the target abnormal action. After receiving the target abnormal action information, the abnormal simulation tool bag determines a target abnormal action corresponding to the target abnormal action information based on a local preset matching rule.
In this embodiment, before matching a target abnormal action corresponding to target abnormal action information, the device for simulating a business abnormality sends a preset matching rule to the abnormal simulation tool package, and after receiving the target abnormal action information, the abnormal simulation tool package can match to the corresponding target abnormal action according to the preset matching rule set in the same terminal device as the abnormal simulation tool package, thereby improving the matching speed of the target abnormal action.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the preset matching rule includes a matching relationship between abnormal action information corresponding to the target object and abnormal actions corresponding to the target object.
Specifically, the abnormal action information and the abnormal action included in the preset matching rule are both information corresponding to the target object. The preset matching rules corresponding to other applications are not output to the terminal equipment for installing the target object, so that the file size of the preset matching rules is reduced, the matching speed between abnormal action information and abnormal actions is improved, and the storage pressure of the terminal equipment for installing the target object is reduced.
A method of simulating a traffic abnormality according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2, and the method of simulating a traffic abnormality may be performed by an apparatus for simulating a traffic abnormality. As shown in fig. 2, the device for simulating business anomalies includes a simulation console and an anomaly simulation toolkit.
Before the business abnormality is simulated, outputting an abnormality simulation tool package to a server where an application is located, and installing the abnormality simulation tool package by the server where the application is located, wherein the abnormality simulation tool package comprises an action library for simulating abnormal actions of the business abnormality.
The method for simulating the business anomaly comprises the following steps: the demonstration user selects abnormal simulation information to be demonstrated on the simulation control console, and the simulation control console determines target application and simulation point information according to the abnormal simulation information selected by the user. The anomaly simulation information includes application information, scene information, business information, and simulation point information. The device for simulating the business abnormality controls a plurality of applications to complete the target business. In the process of completing the target service, the target application outputs abnormal action information to an abnormal simulation tool kit at a simulation point. For example, the simulation console outputs the simulation point information to the application a, and then the simulation console controls the application a, the application B, and the application C to execute the target service, and the application a outputs the abnormal action information to the abnormal simulation toolkit installed on the same server 1 as the application a at the simulation point in the process of executing the target service. The abnormal simulation tool package matches corresponding abnormal actions according to the received abnormal action information and controls the target application to execute the abnormal actions.
In addition, before the abnormal simulation tool package receives the abnormal action information, the simulation console pushes an abnormal simulation rule to the abnormal simulation tool package, wherein the abnormal simulation rule comprises a matching relationship between the abnormal action information and the abnormal action. After the abnormal action information is received, the abnormal simulation tool bag determines the corresponding abnormal action according to the abnormal action information and the abnormal simulation rule.
In the scheme, the process of simulating the abnormal action is executed by the device for simulating the abnormal action, and when other objects need to execute the abnormal action, the device for simulating the abnormal action can be used for controlling the other objects to complete the abnormal action, so that the reusability of abnormal logic is improved.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of modeling traffic anomalies according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the method for simulating the service abnormality may be performed by a device for simulating the service abnormality, where the device for simulating the service abnormality includes a simulation console and an abnormality simulation tool pack, and before performing application demonstration, the simulation console outputs the abnormality simulation tool pack to a terminal device where an application is located, and after receiving the abnormality simulation tool pack, the terminal where the application is located installs the abnormality simulation tool pack, where the abnormality simulation tool pack includes an action library for controlling the application to complete an abnormal action.
The process of executing the business process by the application comprises the following steps:
302. and executing the business process. The application may execute the business process under the control of the device simulating the business anomaly or under the control of a worker.
304. The simulation point is performed. The application executes the simulation points to complete the abnormal actions. And outputting abnormal action information to an abnormal simulation tool bag at the simulation point by applying the simulation point information output by the device for simulating the business abnormality. The process of applying the execution simulation point is mainly completed through an anomaly simulation toolkit, and the specific step 304 includes:
3042. and identifying the scene according to the abnormal action information output by the simulation point. The simulation console outputs scene configuration and action rule configuration to the anomaly simulation toolkit before the anomaly simulation toolkit obtains the anomaly action information. The abnormal simulation tool bag identifies a scene corresponding to the abnormal action according to the abnormal action information.
3044. The simulated action in the scene determined in step 3042 is matched according to the abnormal action information applied to the simulated point output. The anomaly simulation toolkit determines corresponding action markers according to the anomaly action information and the scene and action rule configuration determined in step 3042.
3046. And acquiring corresponding abnormal actions from the action library according to the action marks determined in the step 3044 and executing the abnormal actions.
The process of executing the business process by the application further comprises the following steps:
306. after the simulation point is executed, the business process continues to be completed.
308. The presentation is ended. The application's demander determines whether the application meets the demand according to whether the business process meets the expectations in the process of executing the abnormal actions.
The method for simulating abnormal business is described below by taking the example that part of business requests in the transfer process have overtime of receipt request of a payer and the abnormal throwing out of the payer after the payment is completed. The business is completed by the cooperation of two applications of a transaction center A and an account center B, wherein the transaction center A is a business request entrance, and the account center B completes the accounting operation of a payer and a payee.
Firstly, finding out a simulation point, namely a simulation point PAY_BEGIN and a simulation point PAY_END in an account center B, wherein the simulation point PAY_BEGIN corresponds to a SCENE (SCENE 01) of a payor request acceptance timeout, and the simulation point PAY_END corresponds to a SCENE (SCENE 02) of an abnormality after the payor payoff the money.
The JAVA example codes after the account center B completes the burying of the points are shown in table one.
List one
The action library in the abnormality simulation tool bag is provided with at least two actions as shown in the table.
Watch II
The action matching rule configuration output to the abnormality simulation toolkit at least comprises rules shown in a table three before the abnormal action is executed.
Watch III
Scene of payor request acceptance timeout: the simulation console outputs a simulation point PAY_BEGIN, pushes a current SCENE identifier SCENE01 for the application A and the application B, and controls the application A and the application B to execute a service request, wherein an action rule corresponding to the application request is payAccount=12345. And in the service execution process, if the simulation point PAY_BEGIN is matched with the abnormal action SLEEP, the dormancy simulation of the execution thread is overtime, and at the moment, the application A is overtime, and the application B continues to execute. No simulation action is performed at the simulation point pay_end.
The payor throws out the unusual scene after finishing paying out the money: the simulation console outputs a simulation point PAY_END, pushes a current SCENE identifier SCENE02 for the application A and the application B, and controls the application A and the application B to execute a service request, wherein an action rule corresponding to the application request is payAccount=12345. And in the service execution process, when the simulation point PAY_END is matched with the abnormal action EXCEPTION, executing the throwing abnormal action. No simulation action is performed at the simulation point pay_begin.
In the scheme, the process of simulating the abnormal action is executed by the device for simulating the abnormal action, and when other objects need to execute the abnormal action, the device for simulating the abnormal action can be used for controlling the other objects to complete the abnormal action, so that the reusability of abnormal logic is improved.
An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 4. Referring to fig. 4, at the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, optionally including an internal bus, a network interface, a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least 1 disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.
The processor, network interface, and memory may be interconnected by an internal bus, which may be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, ISA) bus, a peripheral component interconnect standard (Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus, among others. The buses may be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one bi-directional arrow is shown in FIG. 4, but not only one bus or type of bus.
And the memory is used for storing programs. In particular, the program may include program code including computer-operating instructions. The memory may include memory and non-volatile storage and provide instructions and data to the processor.
The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory to the memory and then runs the computer program to form a device for simulating business abnormality on a logic level. The processor is used for executing the programs stored in the memory and is specifically used for executing the following operations:
determining target object and simulation point information in response to a user selecting the target abnormality simulation information;
outputting the simulation point information to the target object;
acquiring target abnormal action information output by the target object at a simulation point corresponding to the simulation point information;
and controlling the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information.
The method for simulating the business exception disclosed in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 of the present application can be applied to a processor or implemented by the processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or by instructions in the form of software. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field-Programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps, and logic blocks in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.
Of course, other implementations, such as a logic device or a combination of hardware and software, are not excluded from the electronic device of the present application, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flows is not limited to each logic unit, but may be hardware or a logic device.
The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by an electronic device comprising a plurality of application programs, enable the electronic device to perform the method of the embodiment of fig. 1, and in particular to perform the method of:
determining target object and simulation point information in response to a user selecting the target abnormality simulation information;
outputting the simulation point information to the target object;
acquiring target abnormal action information output by the target object at a simulation point corresponding to the simulation point information;
and controlling the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for simulating a traffic abnormality according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 5, in a software implementation, an apparatus 500 for simulating a business anomaly may include: a trigger module 502, an analog information output module 504, an action information acquisition module 506, and an abnormal action execution module 508, wherein,
the triggering module 502 determines the target object and the simulation point information in response to the user selecting the target abnormality simulation information.
And a simulation information output module 504 for outputting the simulation point information to the target object.
The action information obtaining module 506 obtains the target abnormal action information output by the target object at the simulation point corresponding to the simulation point information.
The abnormal action executing module 508 controls the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the analog point information is related to the target service;
wherein, the device 500 for simulating abnormal business further comprises:
and the service execution module 510 is used for controlling the target object to execute the target service in a target scene.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the service execution module 510 includes:
determining whether the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is greater than or equal to a set number of times under the condition that the target service needs to be repeatedly executed;
and repeatedly executing the target service in the target scene until the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed reaches the predetermined number of times in the case where the number of times the target service has been repeatedly executed is smaller than the set number of times.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the apparatus 500 for simulating abnormal business further includes:
displaying a plurality of pieces of abnormal simulation information, wherein the plurality of pieces of abnormal simulation information comprise the target abnormal simulation information, and each piece of abnormal simulation information comprises object information, scene information corresponding to the object information, service information corresponding to the scene information and simulation point information corresponding to the service information.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the abnormal action executing module 508 includes:
and controlling the target object to execute the target abnormal action matched with the target abnormal action information through an abnormal simulation tool package, wherein the abnormal simulation tool package and the target object are installed in the same terminal equipment.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the apparatus 500 for simulating abnormal business further includes:
and sending a preset matching rule to the abnormal simulation tool package, wherein the preset matching rule comprises a matching relation between abnormal action information and abnormal actions, so that the abnormal simulation tool package determines the target abnormal actions.
Optionally, as an embodiment, the preset matching rule includes a matching relationship between abnormal action information corresponding to the target object and abnormal actions corresponding to the target object.
It should be understood that the foregoing and other operations and/or functions of each unit in the apparatus 500 for simulating a traffic anomaly according to an embodiment of the present application are respectively for implementing a corresponding flow of the method in fig. 1, and are not described herein for brevity.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In one typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer-readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or nonvolatile memory, etc., such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flashRAM). Memory is an example of computer-readable media.
Computer readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of storage media for a computer include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium, which can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, does not include transitory computer-readable media (transmission media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.