CN110092303A - The steering method of crane and crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crane and a crane transition method. The crane includes: machine base, which is placed directly on the ground, including the platform; main arm, whose first end is hinged at the front end of the platform; counterweight, which is placed at the rear end of the platform; Heavy, used for luffing the main arm; sling, used for hoisting heavy objects; hoisting device, including a rope connected at one end to the sling and lapped on the end of the main arm, to lift the sling through the rope; The power system, located on the platform, is used to provide power for the movement of the luffing device and the hoisting device. The crane of the present invention can be stably and reliably placed on the ground for work by providing a machine base directly placed on the ground, and the cost is low. At the same time, since the platform is not fixed on the ground, the crane is convenient to transfer.

Description

Cranes and Crane Transition Methods

technical field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a crane and a crane transition method.

Background technique

Cranes are mainly used for hoisting large heavy objects. With the rapid development of industrial technology, large bridges, docks, and port constructions have become commonplace. There are a large number of goods waiting for loading and unloading in ports and docks every day, requiring the use of a large number of cranes. Do your homework. Many of the current cranes known to the inventor are carried on a base platform fixed on the ground, which is inconvenient for transition (transfer site), or the crane is arranged on the chassis of a mobile vehicle, and the cost is relatively high.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a crane whose base is directly placed on the ground and a method for transitioning the crane.

The first aspect of the present invention discloses a crane, comprising:

Pedestals, placed directly on the ground, including platforms;

a main arm, the first end of which is hinged at the front end of the platform;

a counterweight placed at the rear end of the platform;

a luffing device, connected to the second end of the main arm and the counterweight, for luffing the main arm;

Lifting gear, used for lifting heavy objects;

a lifting device, comprising a rope connected at one end to the spreader and carried on the second end of the main arm, through which the spreader is lifted;

The power system, located on the platform, is used to provide power for the action of the luffing device and the lifting device.

In some embodiments, the distance between the front end and the rear end of the platform is adjustable.

In some embodiments, the platform includes:

a front platform hinged to the first end of the main boom;

a rear platform, carried under the counterweight;

The middle connecting beam is connected between the front platform and the rear platform, and the length of the middle connecting beam can be adjusted to adjust the distance between the front end and the rear end of the platform.

In some embodiments, the middle connecting beam includes a plurality of single-section beams detachably connected end to end, and the length of the middle connecting beam is adjusted by changing the number and/or specifications of the single-section beams.

In some embodiments,

Said platforms include:

left platform;

The right platform is arranged side by side with the left platform and detachably connected with the left platform;

The main arm includes:

a first arm, the first end of which is hinged at the front end of the left platform;

The second arm, the first end of which is hinged at the front end of the right platform, is arranged side by side with the first arm and is detachably fixedly connected to the first arm;

The amplitude changing device includes:

a first luffing mechanism, connected between the second end of the first arm and the counterweight, for luffing the first arm;

a second luffing mechanism, connected between the second end of the second arm and the counterweight, for luffing the second arm;

The lifting device includes:

a first hoisting mechanism comprising a first rope connected at one end to the spreader and carried on a second end of the first arm;

The second hoisting mechanism is arranged corresponding to the second arm, and includes a second rope with one end connected to the spreader and carried on the second end of the second arm;

The power system includes:

The first power system, located on the left platform, is used to provide power to the first luffing mechanism and the first hoisting mechanism;

The second power system, detachable from the first power system, is located on the right platform and is used to provide power for the second luffing mechanism and the second hoisting mechanism.

In some embodiments, the crane further includes a superlift device comprising a superlift mast with one end detachably hinged to the end of the platform.

In some embodiments, the base includes a bottom space provided between the bottom of the platform and the ground for a transport vehicle to drive into.

In some embodiments, the base includes a plurality of spacers distributed at intervals, the platform is placed on the plurality of spacers, and the bottom space is enclosed by the platform and the plurality of spacers.

The second aspect of the present invention also discloses a crane transition method, including:

Step b, driving the transport vehicle into the bottom space;

Step c, raising the carrying surface of the transport vehicle to carry the platform;

Step d, making the transport vehicle move to transport the platform and the crane components set on the platform as a whole.

Based on the crane provided by the present invention, by providing a base directly placed on the ground, it can be stably and reliably placed on the ground for work, and the cost is low. At the same time, since the platform is not fixed on the ground, the crane is convenient to transfer.

Based on the crane transfer method provided by the invention, the crane can be conveniently and flexibly transferred.

Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the crane of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the platform of the crane shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a single-vehicle crane of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a crane in a super-lift condition according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a crane according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of part A of the crane shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of part B of the crane shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a crane according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of part C of the crane shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of part D of the crane shown in Fig. 8 .

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be considered part of the Authorized Specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only, and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

For the convenience of description, spatially relative terms may be used here, such as "on ...", "over ...", "on the surface of ...", "above", etc., to describe the The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "above" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "beneath" or "above" the other devices or configurations. under other devices or configurations”. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "beneath". The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

"Front" in the following embodiments refers to the direction of the main arm 2 relative to the counterweight 4, that is, the main arm 2 is located in front of the counterweight 4, and "rear" is opposite to "front". "Left" means that the observer observes from the rear of the crane to the front of the crane, the direction of the left hand of the observer is the left side of the crane, and "right" is opposite to "left".

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the crane includes a base, a main arm 2, a counterweight 4, a luffing device 5, a spreader 1, a lifting device 6 and a power system. The base is intended to be placed directly on the ground, including platform 3. The first end of the main arm 2 is hinged at the front end of the platform 3; the counterweight 4 is placed at the rear end of the platform 3; the luffing device 5 connects the second end of the main arm 2 and the counterweight 4 for luffing the main arm 2 The sling 1 is used to hoist heavy objects; the lifting device 6 includes a rope with one end connected to the sling 1 and carried on the second end of the main arm 2, and the sling 1 is lifted by the rope; the power system is located on the platform for Provide power for the action of the luffing device 5 and the lifting device 6.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the counterweight 4 of the crane is a container-type counterweight, and the counterweight 4 can be increased or decreased according to work needs. The luffing device 5 includes a luffing pulley block and a luffing hoist. A luffing steel wire rope is wound between the luffing pulley blocks. The luffing steel wire rope is connected with the luffing hoist on the platform. The retraction of the luffing wire rope can realize the rotation of the main arm 2 around the front end of the platform 3, thereby changing the angle between the main arm 2 and the platform 3 to change the operating radius or lifting capacity of the crane. The two ends of the luffing pulley block can be respectively connected with the second end of the main arm 2 and with the counterweight through a device such as a pull plate or a wire rope.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the spreader 1 is a device used to connect with the heavy object to lift the heavy object. The commonly used spreader 1 is a hook-type spreader as shown in the figure, and the spreader 1 can also be Without a hook, as long as it can be used for heavy objects. The hoisting device 6 includes a hoisting hoist and a hoisting rope. As shown in the figure, the hoisting hoist is arranged on the platform, one end of the hoisting rope is connected with the hoisting hoist, and the other end is connected with the spreader 1 and carried on the main Arm 2 is remote from the second end of the platform. Carried on the second end of the main arm 2 means that the hoisting rope connected to the spreader 1 can be passed around and set on the second end of the main arm 2 so that the main arm 2 can be used as a hoisting rope to lift the spreader 1 When the fulcrum, or hoisting rope can also pass through the second end of the main arm 2 and be located on the end of the main arm 2 as a bearing fulcrum. In the figure, the hoisting rope is lapped on the end of the main arm 2 by passing around a pulley provided on the main arm 2 .

The crane in this embodiment can be stably and reliably placed on the ground for work by providing a base that is directly placed on the ground, compared with providing a chassis. The grounding specific pressure is small and the cost is low. Compared with the crane on the fixed track, since the base is not fixed on the ground, it is more convenient for the crane to transfer, and it does not require the ground to prepare the installation foundation, reducing the cost of foundation treatment.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and 8 , the distance between the front end and the rear end of the platform 3 is adjustable. After the distance between the front end and the rear end of the platform 3 is adjustable, the distance between the counterweight 4 arranged on the rear end of the platform 3 and the hinge of the main arm 2 on the platform 3 can be easily adjusted, so that it can be easily changed. The size of the front and rear directions of the crane is suitable for different operating spaces. Simultaneously, it is also possible to adjust the stress angle of the pull plate or rope of the luffing device 5 by changing the angle between the pull plate or rope of the luffing device 5 connected between the counterweight 4 and the main arm 2 and the platform, and adjust The lifting capacity of the crane.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , the platform 3 includes a front platform, a rear platform and a middle connecting beam. The front platform is hinged to the first end of the main arm 2; the rear part is flat-loaded under the counterweight 4; the length of the middle connecting beam can be adjusted, and it is detachably connected between the front platform and the rear platform. This arrangement can easily adjust the distance between the front end and the rear end of the platform 3 by adjusting the length of the connecting beam in the middle.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the middle connecting beam includes a plurality of single-section beams that are detachably connected at the end. The length of the middle connecting beam can be adjusted conveniently and reliably by arranging single-section beams to be modularly assembled into the middle connecting beam. The length of the middle connecting beam can be conveniently adjusted by changing the number and/or specifications of the single-section beams.

In some embodiments, the crane includes systems and devices that can be disassembled independently. As shown in FIGS. The platform is detachably attached. As shown in Figure 1, main arm 2 comprises first arm 21 and second arm 22, and the first end of first arm 21 is hinged at the front end of left platform; The first end of second arm 22 is hinged at the front end of right platform The front end is arranged side by side with the first arm 21 and is detachably fixedly connected with the first arm 21. In the figure, the first arm 21 and the second arm 22 are connected by a transverse connecting beam. By removing the transverse connecting beam, the first arm 21 and the second arm 22 can be separated. By arranging two arms connected in parallel, the load capacity of the crane can be increased, for example, the wind resistance of the main arm of the crane can be improved.

The luffing device 5 includes a first luffing mechanism 51 and a second luffing mechanism 52, the first luffing mechanism 51 is connected between the second end of the first arm 21 and the counterweight 4, and is used for changing the first arm 21. amplitude; the second amplitude-changing mechanism 52 is connected between the second end of the second arm 22 and the counterweight 4, and is used to vary the amplitude of the second arm 22; as shown in the figure, the first amplitude-changing mechanism 51 includes a corresponding first A luffing pulley block and the first luffing hoist 53 connected thereto, and the ropes or pull plates connected to the end of the first arm 21 at both ends of the first luffing pulley block, and the ropes or pull plates connected to the counterweight 4 plate. The second luffing mechanism 52 includes a corresponding second luffing pulley block and a second luffing hoist 54 connected thereto, and a rope or a pull plate connected to the end of the second arm 22 at both ends of the second luffing pulley block, And the rope or pull plate that is connected with counterweight 4. With this setting, when the first arm 21 and the second arm 22 are separated, the first amplitude changing mechanism 51 and the second amplitude changing mechanism 52 can independently control the amplitude of the first arm 21 and the second arm 22 respectively.

The hoisting device 6 includes a first hoisting mechanism 61 and a second hoisting mechanism 62, the first hoisting mechanism 61 is arranged corresponding to the first arm 21, includes a first hoisting hoist 63 and one end is connected with the spreader 1 and overlapped on the second arm. The first rope on the end of an arm 21, the first hoisting winch 6 that is arranged on the left platform is connected with the first rope; The second hoisting hoist 64 on the platform is connected to the spreader 1 at one end and the second rope lapped on the end of the second arm 22, and the second hoisting hoist 64 is connected to the second rope.

The power system includes a first power system and a second power system. The first power system is located on the left platform and is used to provide power to the first luffing mechanism 51 and the first hoisting mechanism 61; the second power system is detachable from the first power system and is located on the right platform to provide power to the first lifting mechanism. The second luffing mechanism 52 and the second hoisting mechanism 62 provide power. The first power system and the second power system can be devices such as diesel engines and electric motors, and can independently provide power to corresponding luffing mechanisms and hoisting mechanisms.

The crane of this embodiment can be split into multiple small load capacity cranes by independently splitting the platform 3, main arm 2, luffing device 5, hoisting device 6, power system, counterweight, etc. of the crane. The crane can form a single-vehicle working condition. By assembling without dismantling, the various devices of the crane and the multiple sub-devices and subsystems of the system can work together, so that the crane can maintain a large load capacity and form a multi-vehicle working condition, which is helpful. It is used to adapt the working capacity of the crane to different working environments.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the crane further includes a super-lift device, which includes a super-lift mast 9 with one end detachably hinged on the end of the platform 3 . This setting can also make the crane switch between the super-lifting working condition with the super-lifting device and the non-super-lifting working condition without the super-lifting device.

In some embodiments, platform 3 includes a plurality of modular sub-beams. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the platform 3 includes a left front main beam 331, a front connecting beam 332, a right front main beam 333, a left middle connecting beam 338, a right middle main beam 334, a left rear main beam 337, a rear connecting beam 336, a right Rear connecting beam 335 . The front platform can be formed by connecting the left front main beam 331 , the front connecting beam 332 and the right front main beam 333 . A rear platform can be formed by connecting the left rear main beam 337 , the rear connecting beam 336 and the right rear connecting beam 335 . The left platform can be formed by connecting the left front main beam 331 , the left middle connecting beam 338 and the left rear main beam 337 . The right platform can be formed by connecting the right front main beam 333 , the right middle connecting beam 334 and the right rear main beam 335 . The modular design can make the size and structure adjustment of the crane platform more convenient.

In some embodiments, the base includes a bottom space provided between the bottom of the platform 3 and the ground for the transport vehicle 8 to drive into. As shown in Figures 5 to 10, there is a bottom space between the bottom of the platform 3 of the crane and the ground that can accommodate the transport vehicle 8, by sending the transport vehicle into the bottom space below the platform 3 of the crane, the transport vehicle 8 can be used 8 The platform is carried and transported, so that the short-distance transfer of the crane can be realized, which is convenient and simple.

In some embodiments, the base includes a plurality of spacers distributed at intervals, the platform 3 is placed on the plurality of spacers 7 , and the bottom space is surrounded by the platform and the plurality of spacers 7 . By arranging the cushion block 7, there is a bottom space between the platform 3 and the ground, which facilitates the entry of the transport vehicle. The pad can be a separate pad that is separated from the bottom of the platform, and the pad can also be a pad fixed to the bottom of the platform 3 . As shown in the figure, the pad 7 can be a subgrade box, and after the transport vehicle 8 transfers the crane, the pad 7 can be removed, so that the crane can increase the contact area between the platform 3 and the ground when it is working. Reduce the grounding specific pressure to make the crane work more stable and reliable.

In some embodiments, the transport vehicle is an axle truck, which is more suitable for turning into the bottom of the platform 3 to transport the crane.

In some embodiments, the transfer method of the above-mentioned crane is also disclosed. The transfer method includes: step b, driving the transport vehicle into the bottom space; step c, raising the carrying surface of the transport vehicle to carry the platform; step d, making the transport vehicle The movement is to transport the platform 3 and the crane parts set on the platform 3 as a whole.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent replacement of some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of crane characterized by comprising

Pedestal is directly placed on ground, including platform (3)；

Principal arm (2), first end are hinged on the front end of the platform (3)；

Counterweight (4), is placed on the rear end of the platform (3)；

Luffing device (5) connects the second end and the counterweight (4) of the principal arm (2), for the principal arm (2) luffing；

Suspender (1), for hanging a liter weight；

Jack up unit (6) connect with the suspender (1) including one end and is carried on the rope of the second end of the principal arm (2), leads to Cross suspender (1) described in the rope raising；

Dynamical system is located on the platform (3), for mentioning for the movement of the luffing device (5) and the jack up unit (6) For power.

2. crane as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the distance between the front and rear end of the platform (3) can It adjusts.

3. crane as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the platform (3) includes:

Front platform, it is hinged with the first end of the principal arm (2)；

Back platform is carried below the counterweight (4)；

Middle part attachment beam is connected between the front platform and the back platform, and the length of the middle part attachment beam is adjustable Whole the distance between the front and rear end to adjust the platform (3).

4. crane as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the middle part attachment beam includes that multiple head and the tail are detachably connected Single-unit beam, the length of the middle part attachment beam is adjusted by the quantity and/or specification that change the single-unit beam.

5. crane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that

The platform (3) includes:

Left part platform；

Right part platform is set side by side with the left part platform, is detachably connected with the left part platform；

The principal arm (2) includes:

First arm (21), first end are hinged on the front end of the left part platform；

Second arm (22), first end are hinged on the front end of the right part platform, be set side by side with first arm (21) and with institute It states and is removably secured connection between the first arm (21)；

The luffing device (5) includes:

First jib lubbing mechanism (52) is connected between the second end and the counterweight (4) of first arm (21), for described First arm (21) luffing；

Second jib lubbing mechanism (52) is connected between the second end and the counterweight (4) of second arm (22), for described Second arm (22) luffing；

The jack up unit (6) includes:

First lifting mechanism (61) connect with the suspender (1) including one end and is carried on the second end of first arm (21) On the first rope；

Second lifting mechanism (62) is correspondingly arranged with second arm (22), including one end connect and carries with the suspender (1) The second rope in the second end of second arm (22)；

The dynamical system includes:

First dynamical system is located on the left part platform, for first jib lubbing mechanism (52) and first raising Mechanism (61) provides power；

Second dynamical system, it is separable with first dynamical system, it is located on the right part platform, for becoming to described second Width mechanism (52) and second lifting mechanism (62) provide power.

6. crane as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the crane further includes super lifting device, the setting-up dress Set the setting-up mast (9) being removably hinged on the platform (3) end including one end.

7. crane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the pedestal includes setting described flat The bottom space that for transport vehicle (8) drives into of the platform (3) between bottom and ground.

8. crane as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the pedestal includes the multiple cushion blocks (7) being spaced apart, institute It states platform (3) to be placed on the multiple cushion block (7), the bottom space is surrounded by the platform and the multiple cushion block (7).

9. a kind of steering method of crane as claimed in claim 7 or 8 characterized by comprising

Transport vehicle (8) is driven into the bottom space by step b；

Step c increases the loading end of the transport vehicle (8) to carry the platform (3)；

Step d makes the transport vehicle (8) movement with platform described in whole Transporting (3) and the lifting being set on the platform (3) Machine component.