CN110090096A - A kind of bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a highly conformable tibial-talar bionic fitting overall assembly, which comprises a tibial component, a talus component and a joint pad. The mating surface of the talus is matched with the articular surface of the talus component; each part is an arc-shaped surface designed according to ergonomics, and the coupling surface of the tibial component is provided with a coupling structure combined with the tibial osteotomy surface. The present invention is designed based on the principle of ergonomics, so that the bionic fit of each part of the tibial-talar joint overall assembly is more in line with the structural characteristics of the original bone, and at the same time ensures that the joint pad fits more properly with the tibia, talus or their replacement parts, and the sliding is smoother, rounder and more stable. The performance is better, and the long-term stable "work" after the bionic joint replacement is maintained, reducing the pain of the patient. The present invention is convenient for clinical use and is beneficial to popularization, the postoperative function recovery of patients is good, and the safety trial period is greatly extended.

Description

A highly conformable tibial-talar bionic fit integral assembly

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic instruments, and in particular relates to a highly conformable tibial-talar bionic joint integral assembly conforming to the biomechanical structure of the human body, easy to install and low in cost.

Background technique

In the process of daily production and life, people will inevitably be injured by accidental fractures. For example, sprained feet, or tibial and talus fractures caused by sprained feet are very common. Simple fractures are easier to deal with, and can be reset and fixed. However, if the end surface of the bone joint is defective due to a fracture at the joint site, sometimes the entire joint and the associated bones are severely damaged and have to be replaced. The articular defect between the lower end surface of the tibia and the talus is repaired with the replaceable prosthesis of the prior art, not only the initial stability is not good, but also the long-term bone growth is not good, and the long-term stability is also not good. Especially, in the case of needing to replace the joint, if the prior art artificial joint and the talus end prosthesis are used to replace together, the aforementioned disadvantages will become more prominent. The reason is that the conformity of the articular surface of the prosthesis is poor and the connection structure of the mating surface is unreasonable, which leads to the occurrence of the above-mentioned adverse effects. The inventor thinks that in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is more in line with the ergonomic structure, easy to use clinically, and has good conformability and fixation resistance. The best way to defect.

Ankle fusion has long been considered the "gold standard" for the treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. In recent years, ankle arthroplasty is challenging the "gold standard" of ankle arthrodesis. The main symptoms of patients with ankle arthritis are pain and dysfunction, and pain reduction is the most important consideration in the treatment of ankle arthritis. Both ankle fusion and ankle replacement have shown good results in reducing pain for patients. However, joint replacement is superior in preserving the function of the ankle joint. Studies have shown that patients undergoing ankle arthroplasty have less postoperative claudication and a more normal gait cycle compared with ankle arthroplasty. Ankle replacement can restore ankle function, restore gait, and reduce pain. For patients with end-stage ankle arthritis, ankle replacement is another option for them. The inventor thinks that aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an effective way to overcome the existing prosthesis by developing a tibial-talar joint integral assembly that is more in line with the biomechanical structure of the human body, easy to use clinically, has good conformability, and is resistant to fixation. Best way to have technical flaws.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly conformable tibial-talar bionic fit integral assembly conforming to the biomechanical structure of the ankle joint, easy to install and low in cost.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of highly conformable tibial bone of the present invention-talar bone biomimetic fit overall assembly, comprises tibial component, talus component and joint pad, the tibial articular surface of described tibial component and the tibial joint pad upper part Cooperate with the mating surface, the talar mating surface of the lower part of the joint pad is matched with the talar articular surface of the talar component; the tibial articular surface is an arc-shaped surface designed according to human biomechanics, and the tibial joint surface of the tibial component is provided with a A joint structure combining the osteotomy surface, the joint structure includes a base plate surface and a side wing plate; the articular surface of the talus is also an arc-shaped surface designed according to human biomechanics, and the talus joint surface of the described talus component is provided with a A coupling structure combining the osteotomy surface of the talus. The coupling structure includes a base plate, an oblique fixation rod, and a fixed wing; The surface is provided with a downward convex "V"-shaped fin that cooperates with the replacement part of the upper end of the talus.

The invention is designed based on the biomechanical principle of the human ankle joint, so that the bionic cooperation of each part of the tibial-talar joint assembly is more in line with the biomechanical characteristics of the ankle joint, and at the same time ensures that the joint pad cooperates more properly with the tibia, talus or their replacement parts, and slides more smoothly. More rounded, better stability, maintain long-term stable "work" after bionic joint replacement, and reduce the pain of the patient. The present invention is convenient for clinical use and is beneficial to popularization, the postoperative function recovery of patients is good, and the safety trial period is greatly extended.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional coordination schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left view of tibial component of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of tibial component of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the right side view of the joint pad of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of joint pad of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the bottom view of the talus component of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the top view of the talus component of the present invention;

Symbols in the figure: 1~tibial component, 11~articular surface of tibia, 12~joint surface of tibia, 13~base plate surface, 14~wing plate, 15~joint retaining edge, 16~main rod of top angle, 17~auxiliary rod of bottom angle , 18~fixing screw hole, 2~talar component, 21~articular surface of talus, 22~joint surface of talus, 23~fixing rod, 24~fixing wing, 25~V-shaped arc groove. 3~joint pad, 31~articular surface of talus, 32~joint surface of talus, 33~V-shaped fin.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any transformation or replacement based on the teaching of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 to 4, a highly conformable tibial-talus bionic integral assembly of the present invention includes a tibial component 1, a talus component 2, and a joint pad 3, and the tibial articular surface 11 of the tibial component 1 and The tibial mating surface 31 on the upper part of the joint pad 3 matches, and the talar mating surface 32 on the lower part of the joint pad 3 cooperates with the talar articular surface 21 of the talar component 2; the tibial articular surface 11 is an arc-shaped surface designed according to human biomechanics , the tibial joint surface 12 of the tibial component 1 is provided with a joint structure combined with the tibial osteotomy surface, and the joint structure includes the base plate surface and the lateral wing plate 14; The arc-shaped surface of the design, the talar joint surface 22 of the talar component 2 is provided with a joint structure combined with the talar osteotomy surface, and the joint structure includes a base plate, an oblique fixed rod 23 and a fixed wing 24; The tibial mating surface 31 of the joint pad 3 is a concave spherical arc surface designed according to human biomechanics, and the described talar mating surface 32 is provided with a downwardly convex "V"-shaped fin 33 that matches the replacement part of the upper end of the talus.

The radius of curvature of the concave spherical arc surface under the tibial mating surface 31 of the joint pad 3 is 20-70cm; the curvature of the tibial mating surface 31 matches the curvature of the tibial articular surface 11 of the lower end of the tibia or its replacement parts, and the two are multidimensional. Slip fit.

The two wings of the "V" shaped fin 33 on the mating surface 32 of the talus of the joint pad 3 are respectively front and back arc surfaces with a radius of 100-300 mm; and the left and right wings are outwardly extended arc surfaces with a radius of 20-70 mm; The "V" shaped fin 33 is arc-shaped transversely, and the top of the arc is toward the outside, and the arc radius of the top of the arc is 20-70mm; On the other hand, the radius of the arc is 100-300mm; the cross-sectional angle of the "V"-shaped fin 33 is 15-40°.

The two wings of the "V" shaped fin 33 on the mating surface 32 of the talus of the joint pad 3 are front and back arc surfaces with a radius of 100-300mm;

The joint pad 3 has a trapezoidal structure, the top surface is wider than the bottom surface, and the slope of the trapezoid is 0-10°.

The joint pad 3 body is made of high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.

The tibial articular surface 11 of the tibial component 1 is an upwardly convex spherical arc surface with a radius of curvature of 20-70 cm. On the tibial joint surface 12, oblique fixed rods arranged in a zigzag shape are arranged, and the three rods are arranged in an equilateral triangle or an isosceles triangle. , the oblique fixed rod is inclined 30~60° downward relative to the talus joint surface, the diameter of the top angle main rod 16 is 3~10mm; the bottom angle auxiliary rod 17 is 2~8mm in diameter; the length of the fixation rod is 10~30mm; the tibial joint surface 13 The front edge has a front wing plate 14 connected in an "L" shape, and the front wing plate 14 is provided with a fixing screw hole 13; the side of the tibial articular surface 11 is provided with a joint retaining edge 15, in order to prevent excessive varus of the joint pad.

The lateral wing plate 14 of the tibial component 1 is an asymmetrical hyperbolic peak-shaped structure. Based on the difference in the structure of the left and right feet of the human body, the height of the outer peak is 10-25mm, and the height of the inner peak is 0-8mm lower than the outer peak; Fixing screw holes 13; the base plate of the tibial component 1 is trapezoidal in cross section, that is, the front width of the component is 25-35 mm, the rear width of the component is 20-30 mm, and the height of the trapezoid is 35-45 mm.

A microporous structure is provided on the joint surface 11 of the tibial component 1 and the fixation rod; the substrate surface of the joint surface 22 of the talar component 2, the oblique fixation rod 23 and the fixation wing 24 are provided with convex-concave or microporous bone fixation Combine structure.

The tibial component 1 is made of titanium alloy, and the talar component 2 is made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, both surfaces are provided with pure titanium coating; the joint pad 3 is made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene material.

Both the tibial articular surface 11 of the tibial component 1 and the talar articular surface 21 of the talar component 2 are polished.

The arc surface of the talar articular surface 21 of the described talar component 2 is an arc surface front and back, and a "V"-shaped arc groove 25 is arranged longitudinally in the front and back, corresponding to the "V"-shaped fin of the bionic joint between the tibia and the talus. Matching; the two sides of the "V" arc groove 25 of the articular surface of the talar bone are respectively provided with hyperbolic arc surfaces, that is, the whole is arc-shaped front and rear, with a radius of curvature of 20-70 cm, and the left and right sides are also abducted circles Arc shape, the radius of curvature is 10~30cm.

The "V" groove 5 of the articular surface 21 of the talar bone component 2 is arc-shaped transversely, and the top of the arc faces outward, and the radius of the arc of the top is 20-70mm; the vertical direction of the "V" groove 5 is also It is arc-shaped, with the top of the arc facing upwards, and the radius of the arc is 100-300 mm; the "V"-shaped arc groove on the articular surface of the talar bone 21 is a curve that curves from the inside to the outside, and the radius of curvature is 20-50 cm.

The talar joint surface 22 of the talus component 2 is provided with a fixed rod 23 with an inclination angle of 30-60° and a diameter of 10-15 mm; The included angle is 30~120°; the length of the fixed rod is 10~30mm; the talar joint surface 22 is composed of three planes, i.e. the main plane and two flank planes, the flank plane and the main plane The side view between the planes is at an angle of 100~150°.

Working principle and working process of the present invention:

The present invention is designed based on the principle of human biomechanics, so that the whole body and the mating surface of the bionic fitting joint are more in line with the structural characteristics of the original bone, and at the same time, it ensures that the bionic fitting joint cooperates more properly with the tibia, talus or its replacement parts, and the sliding is smoother and more rounded, with stability. Better, keep the long-term stable "work" after bionic joint replacement, and reduce the pain of the patient. For patients with tibial-talar joint fracture defects, when using the whole tibial-talar joint of the present invention, first select a suitable model, especially for the left and right feet. First repair or replace the tibia or talus, and then embed the joint pad of the present invention so that the mating surface of the present invention and the tibia, talus or its replacement parts fit closely, and then the replacement of the tibial-talar joint integral assembly can be completed.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus, including tibial component (1), astragalus component (2) and joint It pads (3), it is characterised in that the tibial prosthesis face (11) of the tibial component (1) and the shin bone mating surface on joint pad (3) top (31) it matches, the astragalus mating surface (32) of joint pad (3) lower part is matched with the astragalus articular surface (21) of astragalus component (2)； The arcwall face of body biomechanics design is pressed by tibial prosthesis face (11) system, and the shin bone of the tibial component (1) combines Face (12) is provided with the coupling structure in conjunction with Tibial osteotomy face, and the connection structure includes real estate and side wing (14)； The astragalus articular surface (21) is also by the arcwall face of body biomechanics design, the astragalus knot of the astragalus component (2) Conjunction face (22) is provided with the coupling structure in conjunction with astragalus osteotomy surface, and the coupling structure includes substrate, diagonal hold-down bars (23) and fixed-wing (24)；The shin bone mating surface (31) of the joint pad (3) presses the concave ball shape arc of body biomechanics design Face, the astragalus mating surface (32) are provided with and " V " shape fin (33) convex under astragalus upper end replacement component cooperation.

2. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the joint The concave spherical cambered surface radius of curvature for padding the shin bone mating surface (31) of (3) is 20~70cm；The shin bone mating surface (31) is bent Rate matches with shin bone lower end or its tibial prosthesis face (11) curvature for replacing component, and the two multidimensional is slidably matched.

3. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described " V " shape fin (33) both wings of the astragalus mating surface (32) of joint pad (3) are in front and back cambered surface respectively, and cambered surface radius is 100~ 300mm；And left and right both wings are in the cambered surface of outreach, cambered surface radius is 20~70mm；The " V " shape fin (33) is laterally arc-shaped, And arc top, towards outside, the arc radius on arc top is 20~70mm；Longitudinal also arc-shaped, the arc top of the " V " shape fin (33) Upward, arc radius is 100~300mm；The section angle of the " V " shape fin (33) is 15~40 °.

4. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shin bone The tibial prosthesis face (11) of component (1) is in convex spherical arc, and radius of curvature is 20~70cm, and shin bone faying face is arranged on (12) The diagonal hold-down bars of isosceles triangle arrangement, three sticks are in equilateral triangle or isosceles triangle is distributed, and diagonal hold-down bars is relative to astragalus Faying face tilts down 30~60 °, the main stick of apex angle (16) 3~10mm of diameter；Base angle auxiliary stick (17) diameter is 2~8mm；Hold-down bars Length is 10~30mm；There is a front wing panel (14) of L-shaped connection therewith in the front of shin bone faying face (13), on front wing panel (14) It is provided with fixing screw hole (13)；Joint block edge (15) are arranged in tibial prosthesis face (11) side, and joint pad is excessively interior in order to prevent It turns over.

5. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that described The side wing (14) of tibial component (1) is asymmetric hyperbolic peak type structure, with the difference of human body or so leg structure, wherein outside peak High 10~25mm, inside peak are lower than 0~8mm of outside peak；Fixing screw hole (13) are respectively set on each carina；The shin section Part (1) real estate is trapezoidal in cross section, i.e., wide 25~35mm before component, wide 20~30mm after component, and trapezoidal height is 35- 45mm。

6. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that described Microcellular structure is set on the faying face (11) of tibial component (1), hold-down bars；The faying face (22) of the astragalus component (2) it Substrate surface, hold-down bars (23) and fixed-wing (24) setting convex-concave or pore type bone fixation integrated structure.

7. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that described Tibial component (1) is titanium alloy production, and astragalus component (2) is vitallium production, and surface both is respectively provided with pure titanium coating；Institute The joint pad (3) stated is the production of ultra high molecular polyethylene material.

8. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the astragalus The arcwall face of the astragalus articular surface (21) of component (2) is the arc-shaped face in front and back, and the longitudinally disposed " V " shape arc groove of front and back (25), the " V " shape fin in bionical cooperation joint matches between shin bone-astragalus；The " V " shape circular arc of the astragalus articular surface (21) Double curved arc face is respectively set in slot (25) two sides, i.e., whole arc-shaped in front and back, and radius of curvature is 20~70cm, and left and right is also in outer That opens up is arc-shaped, and radius of curvature is 10~30cm.

9. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that described The " V " shape slot (5) of the astragalus articular surface (21) of astragalus component (2) is laterally arc-shaped, and arc top, towards outside, the circular arc on arc top is partly Diameter is 20~70mm；The " V " shape slot (5) is longitudinal also arc-shaped, and upward, arc radius is 100~300mm on arc top； " V " shape arc groove on the astragalus articular surface (21) is in the curved curve of Inside To Outside, and radius of curvature is 20~50cm.

10. the bionical cooperation black box of high temporal shin bone-astragalus according to claim 1 or 8, it is characterised in that described Hold-down bars (23) are arranged in the astragalus faying face (22) of astragalus component (2), and tilt angle is 30~60 °, and diameter is 10~15mm；Institute The wing fixed-wing that the hold-down bars (23) stated extends to two sides, the angle between both wings is 30~120 °；The diagonal is solid Determining stick length is 10~30mm；The astragalus faying face (22) is made of three plane combinations, i.e. principal plane and two flanks Plane, side view is in 100~150 ° of angles between the flank plane and principal plane.