CN110034449B

CN110034449B - electrical connection element

Info

Publication number: CN110034449B
Application number: CN201811571085.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M.诺沃特尼; T.施奈德; J.瓦斯姆特
Original assignee: Volkswagen AG
Current assignee: Volkswagen AG
Priority date: 2017-12-21
Filing date: 2018-12-21
Publication date: 2021-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-21
Also published as: DE102017223543A1; CN110034449A

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical connection element (10) for electrically connecting a first electrical component (12), in particular an electric drive motor (16) in a motor vehicle, to a second electrical component (14), in particular a power electronics (18) or a high-voltage cable harness (20). The housing sleeve (24) is integrated into a housing (22) of the first electrical component (12), which can be electrically contacted by means of a plug (70). Provision is made for a first busbar (26) to be arranged in the housing sleeve (24), said busbar being electrically contactable via a second busbar (78) of the plug (70). A plurality of sealing elements (30,36,76) are provided at the housing sleeve (24) and at the plug housing (72) in order to achieve a liquid-tight medium separation between the first electrical component (12) and the second electrical component (14).

Description

Electrical connection element

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electrical connection element for electrically connecting two electrical components.

Background

A large number of electrical connection elements for connecting two electrical components are known from the prior art. In this case, the first component is usually configured as a plug, which is inserted into a corresponding insertion opening of the second electrical component. In electric vehicles, electrical contacting of the battery or the electric drive causes corresponding challenges, especially when the electric drive is an oil cooling. Electrical connection elements for high-voltage connections (Hochvolt-verindungen, sometimes referred to as high-voltage connections) are known in particular from the prior art, which connect two dry-running electrical components in each case. In this case, the electrical contacting is particularly simple, since it has to be ensured only for the respective current transmission in the interior of the electrical connection element and for the electrical insulation to the outside. Furthermore, sealed interfaces are known from the prior art, which require a relatively large amount of installation space. In addition, it is difficult to integrate appropriate sensor systems for current measurement in the case of sealed interfaces. Furthermore, the degree of sealing is sometimes low, so that the sealed interface only allows sealing against the injected oil, but not against the oil sump (Ö lsumpf, sometimes referred to as oil pan). Additionally, some sealed interfaces are not suitable for direct attachment of power electronics.

DE 102016216933 a1 discloses a plug for an electrical contact of an electrical machine, wherein the plug has: a housing with a first cantilever provided with a fixing part and a second cantilever provided with another fixing part for fixing at the stator frame; and a positioning member for positioning the plug at the stator frame. Furthermore, a temperature sensor is provided for obtaining the temperature of the electric machine.

Document WO 2004/020814 a1 discloses a cable harness for the electrical connection of an injector to an engine controller of an internal combustion engine. Here, the injector is arranged in a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and is flushed there with cooling or lubricant. The cable harness comprises a first section and a second section, which are connected to one another via a clamping bracket and a cover, wherein both the clamping bracket and the cover have means for self-locking.

Furthermore, a control module for a motor vehicle transmission is known from WO 2006/077208 a 1. The control module has a first housing part, on which a first line part (schaltungstel) is arranged. The control module additionally has a second housing part and a carrier, at which the flexible conductor foil is arranged. The conductor film is connected to the circuit component in a housing interior between the first housing part and the second housing part. The conductor foil is also electrically connected outside the interior of the housing to an electrical component which is fixed to the carrier. In this case, a stack-shaped structure is provided, in which the carrier is arranged with a first side on the inner side of the first housing part, on which the line part is arranged, the line part being arranged in a recess of the carrier, the flexible conductor foil being arranged on a second side of the carrier facing away from the first housing part, and the second housing part being placed on the flexible conductor foil.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to propose an electrical connection element for electrically connecting two electrical components, which overcomes the disadvantages known from the prior art and which can be produced cost-effectively and can be assembled simply.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an electrical connection element for electrically connecting a first electrical component to a second electrical component, wherein the first electrical component has a housing sleeve in which a first busbar (Stromschiene) is guided. It is provided here that the housing sleeve has a first sealing element at its end face of the housing facing the first electrical component, with which the housing sleeve is sealed off from the housing. It is further provided that the housing bush is covered at its end face facing away from the housing by a cover cap, wherein a second sealing element is arranged between the cover cap and the housing bush, with which second sealing element the first busbar is sealed with respect to the housing bush and the cover cap. The second sealing element is preferably embodied here as a circumferential seal made of an elastomer which is accommodated in a form-fitting manner in a recess at the end face of the housing sleeve facing away from the housing. This sealing combination makes it possible to seal the housing sleeve against liquid even in the event of a non-inserted plug, and thus to prevent the escape of liquid coolant for the first electrical component in an operationally reliable manner. The seal has an increased degree of sealing in relation to the electrical interfaces known from the prior art, so that the housing sleeve is also suitable for use in an oil sump.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electrical connection element comprises a plug with a plug housing in which the second bus bar is arranged, wherein the second bus bar can be inserted into the at least one plug opening of the housing sleeve. A highly integrated and extremely compact design of the electrical connection element is thereby possible.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plug housing has a fifth sealing element, in particular a circumferential seal, at its end face facing the housing of the first electrical component. As a result, an additional sealing of the plug-in region against the surroundings is possible, so that dirt or liquid is reliably prevented from entering from the plug side.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plug housing is connected to the housing sleeve by means of at least one screw connection in a force-fitting manner. Another threaded connection is preferably provided for fitting the bushing into the housing of the first electrical component. This ensures the tightness of the first electrical component even if the plug housing is not mounted. By means of the screw connection, a cost-effective and easily assemblable solution for the electrical connection element is possible. In this case, no additional plug-in sleeves or other components have to be assembled during assembly, so that assembly time and therefore assembly costs can be saved.

For many applications, it is advantageous to arrange a measuring unit for current measurement at the second busbar. It is possible by means of the measuring unit for current measurement at the second busbar to provide the required control process with the current actual value and thus to make possible an effective current control. In this case, the arrangement at the second busbar of the plug is advantageous in comparison to the arrangement at the first busbar in the housing sleeve, since the second busbar in the plug housing is more easily accessible and the current flows only when the first busbar and the second busbar are in contact.

In this case, it is particularly preferred if the measuring unit is embodied as a hall sensor or as a measuring resistor. The hall sensor and the measuring resistor are simple and cost-effective sensors for obtaining the current intensity at the second busbar. The measuring resistor, which is also referred to as Shunt (Shunt), as well as the hall sensor, can be integrated into the plug housing of the plug in a space-saving manner.

In an advantageous embodiment of the electrical connection element, it is provided that the first and second bus bars each have a section which is formed perpendicular to an end face of the housing bushing or plug housing which faces the first electrical component, wherein the sections of the first and second bus bars form contact regions (sometimes referred to as contact regions) of the electrical connection element. By the perpendicular arrangement, a particularly simple engagement and connection between the plug and the housing sleeve is possible. In particular, the risk of the bus bar buckling during assembly is reduced.

In this case, it is particularly preferred if a pressing element, in particular a resilient tongue, is provided in the region of the contact region, with which a section of the second busbar is pressed against a section of the first busbar. The contact region between the first and second bus bars is pretensioned by the pressing element, thereby providing increased safety against lifting of one of the bus bars and the resulting affected current transmission. Furthermore, a latching mechanism can be provided on the clamping element in order to ensure that the plug is locked in this position when the plug tongue of the second busbar is fully inserted.

In a further preferred embodiment of the electrical connection element, it is provided that a plurality of bus bars arranged parallel to one another are provided at the housing sleeve and at the plug. An additional function can be achieved by a plurality of bus bars arranged parallel to one another. When using the electrical connection element according to the invention in the case of alternating current, different conductors can be realized by different bus bars. In addition, a greater current can be transmitted via a plurality of bus bars which are preferably arranged parallel to one another. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to transmit further information via the respective bus bar, so that a suitable number of bus bars and plug openings can be selected for a project.

An embodiment of the electrical connection element in which the first electrical component is lubricated by the liquid medium and the second electrical component is held out of contact with the liquid medium is particularly advantageous. The electrical connection element according to the invention is particularly advantageous on account of the high sealing action when the electrical component is surrounded by a liquid, in particular by an oil bath, in particular in order to cool the electrical component, and the second electrical component must absolutely be kept dry.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first electrical component is an electric drive motor of a motor vehicle and the second electrical component is a power electronics or a cable harness of the motor vehicle. A preferred application case for the electrical connection element according to the invention is the electrical interface between a preferably oil-cooled electric drive machine in a motor vehicle on one side and power electronics or cable harnesses on the other side. A functionally reliable electrical connection can be realized here by means of the electrical connection element.

The different embodiments of the invention mentioned in the present application can advantageously be combined with one another, provided that they are not implemented differently in the individual cases.

Drawings

The invention is illustrated in the following examples on the basis of the accompanying drawings. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an electrical connection element according to the invention in a sectional view;

fig. 2 shows a housing bush of an electrical connection element according to the invention in a front view towards an end face and in a sectional view; and is

Fig. 3 shows a plug of an electrical connection element according to the invention in a plurality of views and in a sectional view.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

10 interface contact

12 first electric component

14 second electric component

16 electric drive motor

18 power electronic device

20 cable harness

22 casing

24 casing bushing

26 first bus bar

28 end face

30 first sealing element

32 end face

34 cover

36 second sealing element

38 threaded fastener (Verschrauung)

40 first recess

42 threaded hole

44 first threaded hole

46 second screw hole

48 notches

50 first section of first busbar

52 second segment of the first busbar

54 radius of curvature

56 contact zone

58 threaded hole

60 first plug-in opening

62 second plug-in opening

64 third plug-in opening

66 third bus bar

68 fifth bus bar

70 plug

72 plug shell

74 end face

76 third seal member

78 second bus bar

80 first section

82 second section

84 radius of curvature

86 measuring unit

88 Hall sensor

90 measuring resistance

92 threaded fastener

94 fourth bus bar

96 sixth bus bar

98 plug tongue

100 pressing the element.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an electrical connection element 10 for electrically connecting a first electrical component 12, in particular an electric drive motor 16 of a motor vehicle, to a second electrical component 14, in particular a power electronics system 18 or a cable harness 20. The electrical connection element 10 comprises a housing bushing 24 which is arranged in the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12 and can be electrically contacted via an opening in the housing 22. Disposed in the housing sleeve 24 is a first busbar 26, which has a first section 50 that can be brought into connection with the first electrical component 12 and that extends substantially parallel to the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12. The first busbar 26 additionally has a second section 52 which extends perpendicularly to the first section 50 and perpendicularly to the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12. A bending radius 54 is formed between the first section 50 and the second section 52 of the first busbar 26. The housing bush 24 has a recess 48 in the region of the second section 52 of the first busbar 26. The second portion 52 preferably rests against the first wall of the recess 48. Here, a pressing element 100 is provided on the first busbar 26, which is guided through the recess 48 in the housing sleeve 24 and latches there.

The housing sleeve 24 has a first end face 28 that faces the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12. At the first end face 28, a first sealing element 30 is arranged, preferably a circumferential seal made of an elastomer, with which the housing sleeve 24 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner against the housing 22. The housing sleeve 24 additionally has a second end face 32 opposite the first end face 28, which can be closed with a cover 34. A second sealing element 36 is arranged between the cover 34 and the second end face 32. In order to achieve a form-fitting accommodation of the second sealing element 36, a first recess 40 is provided at the second end face 32 of the housing sleeve 24, in which the second sealing element 36 is accommodated. A corresponding recess is additionally provided at the cover 34 for accommodating the second sealing element 36. The second sealing element 36 is preferably designed as a circumferential sealing unit which seals the first busbar against the second end face 32 of the housing sleeve 24 and the cover 34. In order to achieve a corresponding positioning of the second sealing element 36, the groove 40 at the second end face 32 of the housing sleeve 24 is designed as a circumferential groove in order to accommodate the second sealing element 36 in a form-fitting manner. In addition, two threaded

bores

44,46 are introduced into the first end face 28 of the housing sleeve 24, with which the plug 70 can be connected to the housing sleeve 24 by means of a screw connection.

The electrical connection element 10 furthermore comprises a plug 70 having a plug housing 72 and a second busbar 78. Here, the second bus bar 78 can be electrically connected to the first bus bar 26 by inserting the plug 70 into the housing sleeve 24. In this case, the second busbar 78 rests with a second section 82 running perpendicular to the housing 22 against the first busbar 26 in the contact region 56. The contact of the two

busbars

26,78 is supported by a pressing element 100, which pressing element 100 presses the second section 82 of the second busbar 78 against the second section 52 of the first busbar 26 in the contact region 56. The second busbar 78 additionally has a first section 80 for coupling to the second electrical component 14, which preferably extends perpendicularly to a second section 82 of the second busbar 78. A bending radius 84 is formed between the first section 80 and the second section 82 of the second busbar 78. At the end face 74 of the plug housing 72 facing the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12, a third sealing element 76, preferably also a circumferential seal made of an elastomer, is provided, with which the plug housing 72 is sealed with respect to the housing 22 of the first electrical component 12. Furthermore, a threaded fastener 38 is provided at the plug housing 72, via which threaded fastener 38 the plug 70 is fixed in the threaded bores 42,58 of the housing bushing 24. Furthermore, threaded fasteners 92 are provided, with which threaded fasteners 92 housing sleeve 24 is fixed in housing 22 via threaded bores 44, 46. This ensures the tightness of the housing sleeve 24 even when the plug 70 is not inserted. After the plug 70 is assembled, the plug region itself is also sealed off from the surroundings. A measuring unit 86 is additionally provided at the plug 70 for current measurement with the plug 70 inserted. The measuring unit 86 is preferably designed as a hall sensor 88 or as a measuring resistor (shunt) 90 and allows a compact design of the electrical connection element 10.

Fig. 2 shows a front view (left) and a sectional view (right) of the housing bush 24 of the electrical connection element 10 according to the invention. Three plug-in

openings

60,62,64 arranged parallel to one another are formed at the first end 28, into which plug-in

openings

60,62,64 corresponding plug-in tongues 98 at the ends of the bus bars 78,94,96 of the plug 70 can be inserted. It can also be seen that the housing sleeve 24 has, in addition to the first busbar 26, a third busbar 66 and a fifth busbar 68, which are arranged parallel to the first busbar 26.

The plug 70 is shown in fig. 3 in a front view (top), two side views (left and middle) and in a sectional view (right). The plug 70 has three parallel bus bars 78,94,96 which can be inserted into the plug-in

openings

60,62,64 of the housing sleeve 24. It can also be seen in fig. 3 that a dedicated measuring unit 86 is provided for each of the bus bars 78,94,96, so that the measurement of the current can be carried out independently for each

bus bar

78,94, 96.

Fig. 1 to 3 show a three-pole variant of the electrical connection element 10 according to the invention in the form of an embodiment with a plug contact (Steckkontakt, sometimes referred to as plug contact). The sealing via the sealing

elements

30,36,38,58 is designed in such a way that, in the assembled state of the housing sleeve 24, the sealing on the side of the housing 22 facing the first electrical component 12 is ensured even without a plug-in connection with the plug 70. After the plug 70 is assembled, the

plug regions

48,56 are also sealed from the surroundings. Instead of plug contacts between the

busbars

26,66,68,78,94,96, electrical connections via clamping contacts (sometimes called clamping contacts) or spring contacts (sometimes called spring contacts) are also possible. Plug contacts (imersten Ansatz) are particularly advantageous since they can be realized more easily than clamping contacts or spring contacts. Alternative to the illustrated three-pole form of the electrical connection element 10, embodiments with more or fewer contacts are also possible. The number of contacts depends on the application and can be adapted to the function to be performed and to the current.

The current measurement is effected via the measuring unit 86 which is directly connected to the bus bars 78,94,96 of the plug 70. The measuring unit 86 can preferably be realized by a hall sensor 88 or by a measuring resistor 90, also referred to as a shunt. The measuring unit 86 can have a signal interface to a control circuit board of the second electrical component 14, in particular to a control circuit board of the power electronics 18.

Overall, it can be understood that the electrical connection element 10 according to the invention is distinguished by a highly integrated and therefore extremely compact design, wherein the current sensing means 86,88,90 are integrated into the plug 70. The electrical connection element 10 is not sealed only against oil mist or oil spray, but has an improved tightness, so that the electrical connection element 10 is suitable for use in the case of oil. The electrical contacting of the bus bars 28,66,68,78,94,96 is effected when the plug 70 and the housing sleeve 24 are engaged, wherein a stable fastening and a high tightness of the plug 70 and the housing sleeve 24 is achieved by the threaded fastener 92.

Claims

1. An electrical connection element (10) for electrically connecting a first electrical component (12) to a second electrical component (14), wherein the first electrical component (12) has a housing (22), wherein the electrical connection element (10) has a housing bush (24), in which housing bush (24) a first bus bar (26) is guided, characterized in that the housing bush (24) has a first sealing element (30) at its end face (28) facing the housing (22), with which the housing bush (24) is sealed off from the housing (22), the housing bush (24) being covered at its end face (32) facing away from the housing (22) by a cover cap (34), wherein a second sealing element (36) is arranged between the cover cap (34) and the housing bush (24), with which second sealing element the first bus bar (26) is covered with respect to the housing bush (24) and to the housing bush (24) The cover (34) is sealed, wherein the electrical connecting element (10) has a plug (70) with a plug housing (72) in which a second bus bar (78) is arranged, wherein the second bus bar (78) can be inserted into at least one plug-in opening (60,62,64) of the housing sleeve (24), wherein the plug housing (72) has a third sealing element (76) at its end face (74) facing the housing (22), and wherein the first sealing element (30) of the housing sleeve (24) and the third sealing element (76) of the plug housing (72) seal the housing sleeve (24) and the plug housing (72) at opposite sides of the housing (22).

2. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing bushing (24) is connected with a force fit with the housing (22) of the first electrical component (12) by means of a threaded connection (92,44, 46).

3. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a measuring unit (86) is arranged at the second busbar (78) for current measurement.

4. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the measuring unit (86) is embodied as a Hall sensor (88) or as a measuring resistor (90).

5. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first busbar (26) and the second busbar (78) each have a section (52,82) which is formed perpendicular to one of the end faces (28,74) of the housing bushing (24) or the plug housing (72) facing the housing (22), wherein the sections (52,82) of the first busbar (26) and the second busbar (78) form a contact region (56) of the electrical connection element (10).

6. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of bus bars (26,66,68,78,94,96) arranged parallel to one another are provided at the housing bushing (24) and at the plug (70).

7. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first electrical component (12) is lubricated by a liquid medium and the second electrical component (14) is kept out of contact with the liquid medium.

8. The electrical connection element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first electrical component (12) is an electric drive motor (16) of a motor vehicle and the second electrical component is a power electronics (18) or a cable harness (20) of the motor vehicle.