CN110012724B - Plant pollen sorting and collecting device and method for sorting and collecting plant pollen - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant pollen classification and collection device and a method for classifying and collecting pollen by using the device. The device comprises a male flower branch holder, an isolator, a diploid pollen collector and a common pollen connected in sequence and connected internally. Collector, wherein the male flower branch holder is fixedly connected with the male cone/male inflorescence of the plant, and the short branch is fixedly connected. The male flower branch holder and the interior of the spacer accommodate male cones/male inflorescences. The device of the invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient carrying and simple collection method; high pollen collection efficiency, simple operation, efficient screening and separation of diploid pollen, good separation effect, good permeability of the collection tool, and no effect on the male and female plants of the plant. The development of the bulb/male flower will be affected, and the collection method will not cause damage to the plant.

Description

Plant pollen sorting and collecting device and method for sorting and collecting plant pollen

technical field

The invention relates to a plant pollen collecting device and a pollen collecting method, in particular to a plant diploid pollen, a haploid pollen collecting device and a method for classifying and collecting plant pollen, belonging to the field of agroforestry breeding.

technical background

Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba L.), also known as ginkgo or Gongsun tree, is native to my country and is a deciduous tree. Because Ginkgo has a wide range of cultivation value, developed countries such as Europe and the United States have been carrying out extensive research on it for many years, especially since the 1980s, the medicinal research of Ginkgo biloba represented by Ginkgo biloba extract has achieved considerable development ( Du Peng, 2003), its products are in short supply in the international market, and with the more and more extensive use of ginkgo and greening in recent years, its market demand has increased significantly. Compared with the strong demand of the market, the existing ginkgo resources have obvious deficiencies. The current ginkgo varieties grow slowly and have a long period of maturity and fruiting. Generally, it takes 20 to 40 years from planting to a large number of results. The size and content of secondary metabolites need to be further improved. All these make the genetic improvement of ginkgo more and more urgent. Therefore, the use of ploidy breeding methods to increase the composition and number of chromosomes, artificial means to cultivate new varieties of Ginkgo biloba is a good breeding way for its improvement. Current polyploid studies have shown that the general triploid varieties are significantly better than other ploidy varieties of the same species in terms of plant characteristics such as growth rate, leaf and fruit yield, secondary metabolite content and stress resistance. Therefore, the research on the cultivation of ginkgo triploids is likely to make breakthroughs in the genetic improvement of leaf size and yield, secondary metabolite content, and plant fast-growing.

By learning and drawing on the successful experience of the predecessors on the ploidy breeding of other forest trees, the more effective and rapid method of artificially cultivating triploid plants is to first induce the chromosome doubling of male gametes (pollen) by artificial means, and then obtain 2n (diploid) after obtaining 2n (diploid). ) male gametes are pollinated on the normal stigma of the plant, so that 2n male gametes and 1n female gametes are fertilized to obtain 3n fertilized eggs, and finally a triploid plant is cultivated. Therefore, in order to cultivate Ginkgo triploid plants by the above method, firstly, 2n male gametes (diploid pollen) of Ginkgo biloba must be obtained.

After years of research, Cheng Jinxin et al. found that 2n male gametes (diploid pollen) of Ginkgo biloba can be produced by induction of colchicine, and the highest yield is 7%. The yield of diploid pollen is relatively low. After years of research, this value is Still no improvement in recent years. Moreover, diploid ginkgo pollen can only be harvested from male ginkgo cones treated with colchicine doubling induction, and after doubling induction, not all ginkgo pollen are diploid pollen, and generally a small amount of ginkgo pollen is successfully induced by doubling. Diploid pollen and common haploid pollen are mixed together to form mixed pollen containing a large amount of common haploid ginkgo pollen and a small amount of diploid ginkgo pollen. Using traditional pollen collection methods, diploid pollen is easy to lose and cannot be differentiate. And to cultivate ginkgo triploids, manual control of pollination is required, that is, the obtained diploid ginkgo pollen is pollinated on ginkgo female cones to fertilize with ginkgo egg cells. With ploid pollen, only ordinary diploid ginkgo plants can be obtained. Therefore, how to efficiently separate and collect these few and precious 2n male gametes produced from the treated male Ginkgo cones is of great significance for the development of triploid plant cultivation of Ginkgo biloba.

Ginkgo biloba is an anemophilous plant. After the common pollen matures, the number of bases is large, and it will drift away when it is blown by the wind or shaken. Due to the huge amount of mixed pollen from Ginkgo biloba, a large amount of pollen will be scattered into the air to form suspended pollen particles, which will cause serious damage to the respiratory tract of the collectors. In addition, the traditional collection method needs to remove the ginkgo sporangium at the end, which will cause damage to the ginkgo plant and easily lead to a decrease in the yield of ginkgo pollen in the next year.

There are two traditional methods of collecting ginkgo pollen. The first is: when the ginkgo pollen is about to mature (the ginkgo microsporangia begins to change from yellow-green to golden yellow), wrap all the sporangia with sulfuric acid paper and clamp them with paper clips. , after the pollen begins to naturally disperse, remove all the sporangia from the plant together with the sulfuric acid paper, put it in a dry place in the shade for 24 hours, remove the shriveled sporangia when the powder is sufficient, and remove the remaining impurities with a 200-mesh sieve. , put the pollen and silica gel together in a sealed space (glass vial), and move it into a 4 ℃ refrigerator for use; the second is: when the ginkgo pollen is about to mature, all the microsporangia on the male ginkgo cones to be collected are artificially collected. Cut them out, place them on sulfuric acid paper, and place the microsporangia in a dry space in the shade until the microsporangia naturally dry and crack, and after all the pollen is scattered, remove the dry sporangia and remove them with a 200-mesh screen. After the remaining impurities, put the pollen and silica gel together in a sealed space (glass vial), and move it into a 4°C refrigerator for later use. The traditional method has low collection efficiency, consumes a lot of labor, and consumes a lot of pollen during the pollen collection process. Only the mixed pollen can be collected, and then other methods can be used to manually distinguish and screen the diploid ginkgo pollen. The pollen needs to be transferred in the later stage of the pollen preservation process, which is easy to cause. The pollen is lost twice, and the operation during the collection process is complicated, requiring operators to wear protective tools such as masks.

The method for collecting ginkgo pollen (CN201410457537.0) is: for an adult male ginkgo tree whose trunk diameter does not exceed 30cm, select a windless period during the flowering period of the male tree, and spread the radius of the male ginkgo tree base as the center to be the horizontal direction of its crown. Then take a rod-type concrete vibrator with a power of 1.8KW, vibrate its vibrating head against the trunk for 5 to 10 minutes, then put away the film on the ground, and pass the obtained pollen through a 120-mesh sieve, that is Get pure ginkgo pollen. This solution can not only shake off the pollen of ginkgo biloba, but will not damage the bark. This method is only applicable to the collection of mixed ginkgo pollen of the whole plant, and cannot collect the pollen of a specific single male cone (such as a single male cone after doubling of colchicine induction). There is a lot of waste in the pollen collection process. Only the mixed pollen can be collected and then manually differentiated and screened for diploid ginkgo pollen. The source of the pollen cannot be distinguished. The collected pollen cannot be used for manual control of pollination. It needs to be transferred during the collection process, which is easy to cause secondary loss of pollen, and the operation during the collection process is complicated, requiring operators to wear protective tools such as masks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the induction rate of diploid pollen of existing wind-pollinated plants (especially ginkgo biloba) is low and difficult to collect, and provides a device for efficiently screening, classifying and collecting pollen from mixed pollen of plants. The collection device is compact in structure, easy to carry, and the classification collection method is simple to operate; the pollen collection efficiency is high, and the safety protection for operators is good; it can effectively screen and separate diploid and haploid from a large amount of mixed pollen The pollen has a good separation effect, and the collection tool has good permeability, which will not affect the development of the male flower (microsporophyll)/male flower of the plant. The collection method does not require the collection of plant sporangia, and will not cause damage to the plant.

In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a plant pollen classification and collection device, including a male flower branch holder, an isolator, a diploid pollen collector, and a common pollen collector, wherein the male flower branch holder is connected to the plant. The male cone/male inflorescence is connected to the short branch and fixedly connected, and the male flower branch holder, the isolator, the diploid pollen collector, and the common pollen collector are sequentially connected into one, and the inner connection is connected, and the male flower branch holder is fixedly connected together. With the interior of the spacer forms a cavity to accommodate male cones/male inflorescences.

Wherein, the plant is selected from wind-pollinated plants, preferably ginkgo, poplar, oak or birch, more preferably ginkgo.

The male flower branch holder connected with the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the lower part of the pollen sorting and collecting device, and the common pollen collector away from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the pollen sorting and collecting device the upper part.

Wherein, the male flower branch holder is a T-shaped sleeve as a whole, which is formed by splicing two left-right symmetrical half sleeves, and the inside of the T-shaped male flower branch holder sleeve after splicing forms a cylindrical hollow sleeve The inner tube of the tube is used to accommodate and fix the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branches.

In particular, the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder includes a "1"-shaped part and a "1"-shaped part.

The "one" type part is the lower part of the male flower branch holder, and the "丨" type part is the upper part of the male flower branch holder. The male flower branch holder is a T-shaped sleeve, which is a T-shaped sleeve formed by splicing two left-right symmetrical half sleeves, and a cylindrical hollow sleeve inner tube is formed inside, for accommodating male flowers. The bulb and the male curd join the short branch

In particular, the inner tube of the sleeve penetrates the "one"-shaped part and the "1"-shaped part of the male flower branch holder.

Especially, the " one " type part tube of described T-shaped sleeve is sleeved on male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch, that is, the bottom of described male flower branch holder T-shaped sleeve is sleeved on male cone/ The male inflorescence is connected to the short branch; the "1"-shaped part of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the isolator, that is, the upper part of the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder is fixedly connected to the isolator.

In particular, the "one" shaped part of the spliced male flower branch holder is a prism with a hollow cavity inside, preferably a cuboid or a cube; the "1" shaped part is a cylinder with a hollow cavity inside.

The "one" type part of the male flower branch holder is the lower part of the male flower branch holder, and the "1" type part is the upper part of the male flower branch holder.

Wherein, the outer side of the half sleeve is provided with two fixing protrusions.

In particular, the fixing protrusion is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube, and its height is smaller than the height of the "one"-shaped portion of the T-shaped sleeve.

In particular, the two fixing projections on each half-sleeve are installed on the extension of the diameter of the cylindrical sleeve inner barrel formed when the two half-sleeves are spliced into a T-sleeve. That is, the two fixing protrusions on each half-sleeve are fixedly installed on both ends of the "one"-shaped portion formed when the two half-sleeves are spliced into a T-sleeve along the splicing surface.

Wherein, a fixed rope is arranged on the outer side of the half sleeve.

In particular, soft iron wire is selected for the fixing rope. The fixing rope is used to clamp the male flower buds of Ginkgo biloba by bundling the fixing protrusions, and splicing them into a complete T-shaped sleeve, and at the same time, the complete T-shaped sleeve is firmly wound and fixed on the branch of Ginkgo biloba.

In particular, when the two half-sleeves are spliced, the connecting line of the two solid ropes is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two fixing protrusions of each half-sleeve.

Wherein, the inner wall of the sleeve inner cylinder of the male flower branch holder T-shaped sleeve is provided with a sealing gasket. It is used to seal the space in the casing to prevent the pollen to be collected from drifting out of the gap in this part.

In particular, the thickness of the gasket is 0.1-0.5 mm, preferably 0.1-0.3 mm, and more preferably 0.2 mm.

In particular, the gaskets are selected from latex gaskets, sponge gaskets or rubber gaskets, preferably latex gaskets.

The thickness of the gasket depends on the thickness of the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch to be socketed. When the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is thicker, the thickness of the gasket is thin. If the short branches are thin, the thickness of the gasket is thick.

Wherein, the outer side of the "1"-shaped part of the male flower branch holder has external threads, which are fixedly connected to the isolator through screw connection.

The upper outer side of each half-sleeve has a thread. After the two half-sleeves are spliced into a T-shaped sleeve, a complete outer thread is formed on the outer side of the "1"-shaped part, that is, the upper outer side wall of the inner barrel of the formed sleeve has a thread. The external thread, and the isolator are fixed together by threading, tightening, and connecting.

In particular, the "one" shaped part of the male flower branch holder is a cube, and its side length is 1-2cm, preferably 1.5cm; the height of the fixing protrusion is 0.2-0.5cm, preferably 0.3cm; The fixed rope is a soft iron wire with a diameter of 2 mm; the diameter of the inner tube of the sleeve is 0.8-1.5 cm, preferably 0.8-1.3 cm, and more preferably 1.3 cm.

Wherein, the isolator is composed of a coaxial isolator main body part, a connecting part and a fixing part, the isolator main body part, the connecting part and the fixing part are sequentially connected into one body, and the interiors are communicated.

In particular, the main body part is a cylinder with a cavity inside, the connecting part is a truncated cone with a cavity inside, the fixing part is a cylinder with a cavity inside, and the diameter of the main body part is larger than the diameter of the fixing part diameter.

In particular, the main body part is fixedly connected with the diploid pollen collector; the connection part connects the main body part and the fixing part into one body; the fixing part is fixedly connected with the male flower branch holder.

In particular, the fixing part is fixedly connected with the upper part of the male flower branch holder through threads.

In particular, the diameter of the fixing portion is adapted to the size of the upper part of the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder (ie, the outer diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the sleeve of the male flower branch holder).

In particular, the inner wall of the fixing part of the isolator has an inner thread, which is matched with the outer thread of the outer side of the "1"-shaped part of the male flower branch holder, and is threadedly connected to fix the isolator and the male flower branch holder together.

Wherein, the main part of the isolator is fixedly connected with the diploid pollen collector.

In particular, the main body and the diploid pollen collector are fixed together through screw connection or snap connection.

In particular, the inner wall of the main part of the isolator connected with the diploid pollen collector has an inner thread or an outer wall has an outer thread or has a snap groove at the top, which is threaded or snapped with the diploid pollen collector. .

In particular, the inside of the main body is provided with a metal filter screen, which is used to preliminarily filter impurities such as shriveled pollen sacs, flower bracts or small leaves mixed in the pollen.

In particular, the metal filter screen is disposed at the end of the main body part close to the diploid pollen collector, that is, the metal filter screen is disposed inside the main body part close to the end of the main body part close to the diploid pollen collector.

In particular, the distance between the installation position of the metal filter screen and one end of the main body of the isolator connected to the diploid pollen collector is 0.2-1.0 cm, preferably 0.5 cm.

In particular, the diameter of the metal filter mesh is consistent with the inner diameter of the main body of the isolator, and the aperture of the filter mesh is 0.2-0.4 cm.

Wherein, the connecting part of the isolator is connected with the main body part by the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated connecting part, and the connecting part with the fixing part is the lower bottom surface of the circular truncated connecting part.

In particular, one end of the isolator connecting portion with a truncated truncated cavity inside is integrally connected with the main body portion, and the diameter of the other port is gradually reduced until it is compatible with the diameter of the fixing portion.

Wherein, the isolator fixing part and the male flower branch holder are connected by threads and fixed together.

In particular, the inner wall of the fixing part has an inner thread, which is matched with the outer outer thread of the upper part of the male flower branch holder, and is threadedly connected with the male flower branch holder.

Wherein, an air inlet is opened at one end of the isolator main body part close to the connecting part, so that the isolator is communicated with the external environment, so as to ventilate the isolator and blow air into the isolator.

In particular, the isolator further includes a duct and a blower, the blower is connected to the main body of the isolator through the duct, and the blower blows air into the isolator, simulating a natural wind environment, and blowing the male bulbs inside the isolator / The pollen from the microsporangium of the male inflorescence is dehiscent, causing it to scatter.

In particular, one end of the conduit is connected to the air inlet, and the other end is connected to a blower, and the blower is turned on to blow air into the isolator to disperse the pollen cracked on the microsporangia of male cones/male inflorescences.

When the pollen collection device is out of service, remove the duct and blower, and seal the air intake with a sealing plug.

Wherein, the blower selects an air pump. Any device known in the art capable of blowing air is suitable for use in the present invention.

In particular, the blowing time of the blower is 5-10 min, and the air volume is 3-4 m ³ /min.

In particular, the air outlet diameter of the blower is (20±2) mm, the rated power is (900±10) W, and the working voltage is 220V.

Wherein, the diploid pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, one end of which is fixedly connected to the isolator, the other end is fixedly connected to the common pollen collector, and the interior is provided with a trapped diploid Diploid pollen filters for pollen.

One end of the diploid pollen collector connected with the separator is the lower end of the diploid pollen collector; the other end connected with the common pollen collector is the upper end of the diploid pollen collector.

In particular, the diploid pollen filter is arranged near the end connected to the common pollen collector.

In particular, the distance between the set position of the diploid pollen filter and the end connected to the common pollen collector is 0.2-1.0 cm, preferably 0.5 cm.

In particular, the diameter of the diploid pollen filter is adapted to the inner diameter of the diploid pollen collector.

Wherein, the diameter of the diploid pollen filter is smaller than the diameter of the diploid pollen of the plant to be collected and larger than the diameter of the ordinary pollen.

In particular, the pore size of the diploid pollen filter is 20 μm-80 μm.

In particular, the pore size of the diploid pollen filter is smaller than the diameter of diploid pollen of Ginkgo biloba and larger than that of ordinary pollen.

In particular, the pore size of the diploid pollen filter is 40 μm.

In particular, the diploid pollen collector is a transparent cylinder made of PE material.

The fixed connection in the present invention can be selected from threaded connection, bolt connection, clamping connection, welding, etc., preferably threaded connection. Any fixed connection known in the art is suitable for use in the present invention.

In particular, the inner wall of the end of the diploid pollen collector connected with the main part of the isolator has internal threads or the outer wall has external threads; The threads on the connecting end) can be matched, and they are fixed together by threaded connection. The outer wall of the other end of the diploid pollen collector connected with the common pollen collector has an external thread or an internal thread; it is connected with the lower part of the common pollen collector (that is, connected with the diploid pollen collector). The threads on one end) can be matched, and they are fixed together by threaded connection.

The common pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, one end of which is fixedly connected to the diploid pollen collector, the other end is open, and a common pollen filter for intercepting haploid pollen is arranged inside.

One end of the common pollen collector connected with the diploid pollen collector is the lower end of the common pollen collector; its open end is the upper end of the common pollen collector.

In particular, the common pollen filter is arranged near the open end of the common pollen collector.

In particular, the distance between the setting position of the common pollen filter and the open end of the common pollen collector is 0.2-1.0 cm, preferably 0.5 cm.

In particular, the diameter of the common pollen filter is adapted to the inner diameter of the common pollen collector.

Wherein, the pore size of the common pollen filter is smaller than the diameter of the haploid pollen of the plant to be collected.

In particular, the pore size of the common pollen filter is 10 μm-50 μm.

In particular, the pore size of the common pollen filter is smaller than the ginkgo haploid pollen particle size.

In particular, the pore size of the common pollen filter is 20 μm.

The pore size of ordinary pollen filter is equivalent to that of ginkgo haploid pollen.

In particular, the common pollen collector is a transparent cylinder made of PE material.

In particular, the inner wall of the end of the common pollen collector connected to the diploid pollen collector has an inner thread or an outer wall has an outer thread; The threads on the connecting end of the collectors can be matched, and they are fixed together by threaded connections. The outer wall of the other open end of the common pollen collector has an external thread or an internal thread.

In particular, the open end of the common pollen collector further includes a top cover, and the top cover is fixedly connected with the open end of the common pollen collector.

In particular, the top cover is screwed to the open end of the common pollen collector.

Wherein, the top cover has a cylindrical cover body with an inner thread or an outer thread, which is used to close the open end of the common pollen collector.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for classifying and collecting plant pollen using the above-mentioned plant pollen classification and collection device, comprising the following steps:

1) Select male cones/male inflorescences that are in the normal growth position and single growth, and then carry out doubling induction treatment to the male cones/male inflorescences that enter the prophase of meiosis;

2) The male flower branch holder is sleeved on the connecting short branch of the male cone/male inflorescence treated by doubling induction, and the male flower branch holder is bundled and fixed on the long branch attached to the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch. dry on;

3) the isolator is fixedly connected with the male flower branch holder; and the air inside and outside the isolator is circulated, and the male cone/male inflorescence after doubling induction treatment develops normally in the isolator, until the microsporangia is about to start powdering;

4) When it is observed that the microsporangium is about to start to loose powder, the diploid pollen collector, the common pollen collector and the isolator are sequentially installed;

5) After the microsporangium is cracked, blow air into the isolator cavity, and feed air, so that the cracked pollen is blown by the air flow, and passes through the isolator main body, the diploid pollen collector, the common Pollen collector, sort and collect pollen.

Wherein, the male cones/male inflorescences described in step 1) are selected to connect the male cones/male inflorescences with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm.

In particular, the male cone/male inflorescence described in step 1) selects the male cone/male inflorescence of an air-pollinated plant, preferably the male cone of Ginkgo biloba, poplar, oak or birch, more preferably Ginkgo male cones.

Wherein, the doubling induction treatment in step 1) uses 0.5-1.0% colchicine aqueous solution to soak the male cones/male inflorescences of the plants to be collected pollen, and the soaking time is 40-50h.

In particular, 0.5-1.0% colchicine aqueous solution is used to soak and treat Ginkgo male cones to be collected pollen, and the soaking time is 40-50 hours.

In particular, 0.6% colchicine aqueous solution was used to soak and treat Ginkgo male cones for 48 hours.

In the doubling induction treatment described in the present invention, in addition to the doubling induction treatment of colchicine, methods known in the art for doubling the chromosomes of microspores during meiosis are all applicable to the present invention.

Wherein, the male flower branch holder described in step 2) is a T-shaped sleeve spliced by left and right symmetrical half sleeves.

Two symmetrical half-sleeves on the left and right are sleeved on the connecting short branches of the induced male cones/male inflorescences, and the T-shaped sleeves of the male flower branch holders that are spliced into one are sleeved on the male cones/male inflorescences. on a short branch and tie the two half casings together.

In particular, in the bundling, two symmetrical half-sleeves on the left and right which are sleeved on the connecting twigs are spliced together by fixing ropes, and fixed on the connecting twigs of the male cone/male inflorescence.

Wherein, by screw connection in step 3), the fixed part of the isolator and the upper part of the male flower branch holder are fixedly installed together, that is, the male flower branch holder has an external thread "1" type part and has an internal thread. The isolator fixing part is connected by thread, screwed tightly, and fixed into one body with the male flower branch holder.

Wherein, the sequential installation of the diploid pollen collector, the common pollen collector and the isolator in step 4) includes: fixing the diploid pollen collector on the isolator; fixing the common pollen collector Mounted on the diploid pollen collector.

In particular, in step 4), the microsporangia are about to start powdering means that the color of the ginkgo microsporangia gradually changes from yellow-green to golden yellow.

Especially, in step 4), the diploid pollen collector is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main body of the isolator by screw connection; the common pollen collector is fixed on the upper part of the diploid pollen collector by screw connection.

In particular, after screwing the male thread on the outer wall of the lower end of the diploid pollen collector or the female thread on the inside with the female thread on the inner wall or the male thread on the outside of the isolator body on the side with the metal filter Connect; connect the outer thread on the outer wall of the lower end of the common pollen collector or the inner thread on the inner wall with the inner thread on the inner wall or the outer thread on the outer wall of the diploid pollen collector with the diploid pollen filter on one side Connect after tightening.

In particular, the upper part of the isolator main body is the end of the isolator main body away from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting the short branch; the upper part of the diploid pollen collector is the diploid pollen collector away from the male cone/male flower Connect one end of the short branch in sequence. The upper part of the male flower branch holder is the end away from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting the short branch.

Wherein, blowing air into the isolator as described in step 5), the time for blowing the pollen is 5-10min; the air volume is 3-4m ³ /min.

In particular, the air outlet diameter of the blower is (20±2) mm, the rated power is (900±10) W, and the working voltage is 220V.

When the pollen is blown through the primary filter of the metal filter in the main body of the isolator, it is blown into the diploid pollen collector, and is filtered and intercepted by the diploid pollen filter in the diploid pollen collection container. The diploid pollen is kept in the diploid pollen collector, and the remaining ordinary pollen is continuously blown into the ordinary pollen collector by the airflow, and then filtered and intercepted by the ordinary pollen filter in the ordinary pollen collecting container, and finally all left behind In a common pollen collection container.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and benefits of the present invention are as follows:

(1) compared with the traditional manual collection of ginkgo pollen, because what the present invention adopts is the closed collection method, the whole collection process is all carried out in the collector, and the pollen loss is few, and can not occur during manual collection (collection is in the fully open It can be carried out in space under conditions) where the pollen diffuses into the air with the wind or artificial vibration. At the same time, because the pollen is less scattered and the pollen content in the air is low, it will not cause respiratory damage to the collectors, reducing the operator's exposure to the day after tomorrow. Allergic reaction to pollen.

(2) The method for collecting Ginkgo biloba pollen of the present invention can pass through a filter membrane with a pore size of 40 μm, and the collected pollen can be divided into two types according to the diameter of the pollen, namely ordinary pollen (diameter less than or equal to 40 μm) and diploid pollen (diameter less than or equal to 40 μm) larger than 40 μm), the screening, separation and purification of the diploid Ginkgo biloba pollen obtained by doubling induction in the mixed pollen are directly completed, and the isolated and purified pollen can be directly stored and used for future pollination hybridization.

(3) The ginkgo pollen collecting device of the present invention is light and compact, can be used in both indoor and field conditions, can distinguish the source of pollen, especially can collect pollen of a designated single male cone flower independently, and does not collect pollen during the collection process. There are unidentified pollen mixed in, and the collected ginkgo pollen can be directly used for artificial pollination operation.

(4) The ginkgo pollen collection device of the present invention mainly utilizes a large amount of air to blow into the collection space when collecting pollen, and after making the air in the space flow rapidly, the air flow is used to carry the pollen away from the sporangia, and because the air flow is small and does not need to be removed Ginkgo biloba sporangia, so it will not damage ginkgo plants, reducing the damage to ginkgo during the collection process of traditional collection methods.

(5) The device of the present invention is provided with an independent collection container, except that the diploid pollen collection container and the common pollen collection container can be connected and placed for collecting ginkgo diploid pollen and common pollen respectively, and a single The ordinary pollen collection container is used for small-scale simple collection of mixed pollen, flexible operation, various choices, and can quickly switch the collection mode.

(6) After collecting ginkgo pollen, the device of the present invention can directly remove the collection container and use it as a storage device, which is easy to operate and reduces the pollen loss during the transfer process. Silica gel is more conducive to the long-term preservation of pollen and can be reused.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the diploid pollen collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view schematic diagram of the male flower branch holder of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

2A is a schematic top view of the male flower branch holder of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention, which is not spliced with two half-sleeves;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the male flower branch holder half sleeve of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the rear view of the male flower branch holder semi-casing of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the isolator accommodating cavity of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the diploid pollen collector of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the common pollen collector of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the assembly schematic diagram of the male flower branch holder and the isolator of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention being fixed on the male cone flower/male inflorescence connecting short branch (duct, blower, male cone flower/male inflorescence are not shown);

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the male flower branch fixer of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention is fixed on the male cone flower/male inflorescence connecting short branch of the long branch of the plant;

Fig. 10 is the schematic diagram of the male flower branch fixing device and the isolator containing cavity of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention being fixed on the male cone flower/male inflorescence connecting short branch of the long branch of the plant (the pipe, the blower, the male flower cone/male inflorescence are not Shows);

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention being fixed on a long branch of a plant.

Description of reference numerals

1. Male flower branch fixer; 11, 12, half casing; 13, fixed protrusion; 14, gasket; 15, fixed rope; 16, external thread; 17, casing inner cylinder; 18, "one" part; 19, "丨" type part (with external thread); 20, splicing surface; 2, isolator; 21, main body part of isolator; 22, connection part of isolator; 23, fixed part of isolator; 24, air inlet; 25, metal filter; 3, diploid pollen collector; 31, diploid pollen filter; 4, common pollen collector; 41, common pollen filter; 5, blower; 6, conduit; 7, male ball Connecting short branches of flowers/male inflorescences; 8. long branches and stems; 9. male cones/male inflorescences.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and characteristics of the present invention will become clearer with the description. However, these examples are only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 7, the plant pollen collecting device of the present invention comprises a male flower branch holder 1, an isolator 2, a diploid pollen collector 3, and a common pollen collector 4 that are connected in sequence and communicated inside, And with the blower 5 that is connected by conduit 6 with isolator, wherein, male flower branch holder is fixed on the connecting short branch 7 of plant male cone flower/male inflorescence when using; One end of isolator is fixedly connected with male flower branch holder; Two One end of the ploidy pollen collector is fixedly connected with the other end of the isolator; one end of the haploid pollen collector is fixedly connected with the other end of the diploid pollen collector, and the isolator, the diploid pollen collector, the common pollen Collectors away from plant male cones/male inflorescences connecting short shoots. The male flower branch holder and the spacer that are fixedly connected together form a cavity for accommodating male cones/male inflorescences and male cones/male inflorescences connecting short branches, and the interior of the isolator fixedly connected to the male flower branch holder accommodates Male cones/male inflorescences, and a blower 5 communicated with the isolator is provided at one end of the isolator close to the male flower branch holder to blow air into the pollen collection device to simulate a natural wind environment. The male flower branch holder fixed on the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the bottom of the pollen sorting and collecting device, and the common pollen collector far from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the pollen sorting and collecting device upper part of the device.

As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, the male flower branch holder is a sleeve with a T-shaped cross section spliced by two symmetrical half sleeves 11 and 12. The spliced T-shaped sleeve includes a "one"-shaped part 18 and a "1"-shaped part 19, and the interior of the spliced T-shaped sleeve forms a cylindrical hollow sleeve inner cylinder 17 (that is, the inner cavity of the sleeve), The inner tube of the casing is used to accommodate the connecting short branches of male cones/male inflorescences and male cones/male inflorescences; each of the two half casings has a splicing surface 20. When the two half casings are spliced to each other, the splicing faces are merged together. Together. The "one"-shaped part of the T-shaped sleeve is sleeved on the male bulb/male inflorescence connecting short branch, which is referred to as the bottom of the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder in the present invention; The isolator is connected, and the part of the casing "I"-shaped part connected with the isolator is called the upper part of the male flower branch holder, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.

As shown in Figures 2, 2A and 4, the "one" shaped part of the male flower branch holder formed by splicing is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or cube as a whole, and the "1" shaped part is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole. Two fixing protrusions 13 and one fixing rope 15 are respectively provided on the outer side of each half-sleeve. The fixing protrusions are rectangular or cube-shaped and are located at the lower part of the "one"-shaped part, and their height is smaller than that of the T-shaped sleeve. The height of the "one" profile; the fixing rope can be soft iron wire, rubber soft rope, Kevlar rope, etc., used to clamp and fix the two symmetrical half-casings on the male bulb / The male inflorescence is connected to the short branch and is spliced into a complete T-shaped casing, and the complete T-shaped casing is firmly wound and fixed on the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch. Any sturdy thin rope known in the art that can bind two objects together can be used as the securing rope of the present invention.

The 2 fixing protrusions on each half-sleeve are arranged on the extension line of the diameter of the inner sleeve formed after the 2 half-sleeves are spliced into a T-sleeve, that is, the 2 fixing projections on each half-sleeve are The protrusions are on the same straight line and are located on the extension line of the half-sleeve along the splicing surface of the "one" part, as shown in Figures 2A, 3, and 4. That is, the 2 fixed protrusions on each half sleeve are installed at both ends of the radial extension line of the cylindrical inner barrel formed when the half sleeves are spliced into a T-shaped sleeve, the two are on the same straight line, and the 2 The two protrusions are respectively located on the extension line of the splicing surface when the half sleeves are spliced, that is, the two fixed protrusions on each half sleeve are fixedly installed on the surface formed when the two half sleeves are spliced into a T-shaped sleeve. The "one" part is along the two ends of the splicing surface, that is to say, when the two half-sleeves are spliced, the 4 fixing protrusions of the 2 half-sleeves are merged together at the splicing point, and then the 2 half The spliced-together fixing protrusions of the sleeves are wound together.

As shown in Figures 2, 2A, 3, and 4, the fixed rope (fixed soft iron wire) is arranged on the outside of the two half-sleeves. The line is perpendicular to the line connecting the two fixed protrusions of each half-sleeve. Splicing the two half sleeves together to form a T-shaped sleeve, a cylindrical sleeve inner cylinder (ie the inner cavity of the sleeve) is formed inside, and the fixed protrusions at both ends are tied together with fixed iron wires, and sleeved on the male ball The flower/male inflorescence is connected to the short branch; then the fixing wire is wound around the long branch of the plant, the bottom of the T-shaped casing is firmly fixed with the short branch of the plant, and the inner tube of the casing is wrapped Male cones/male inflorescences connect short shoots.

As shown in Figures 2, 2A and 3, the inner wall of the T-shaped sleeve is provided with a gasket 14, the thickness of the gasket is 0.1-0.5mm, preferably 0.1-0.3mm, more preferably 0.2mm, and the gasket is usually a latex gasket , that is, the inner walls of the two half-sleeves that are symmetrical on the left and right are provided with sealing gaskets along the inner walls. When the two half-sleeves are spliced together for use, the inner wall of the T-sleeve is connected to the male bulb/male flower located in the inner tube of the casing. The gap between the connecting twigs of the sequence is closed to prevent the pollen to be collected from wafting out from the gap between the T-shaped casing and the male cone/male inflorescence connecting twig; the thickness of the gasket depends on the male cone to be socketed. / The thickness of the male inflorescence connecting the short branch depends on the thickness of the male cone / male inflorescence connecting the short branch. The thickness of the pad is 0.1-0.5mm.

As shown in Figure 4, the outer side of the "1"-shaped part of the half-sleeve has threads. When the two half-sleeves are spliced into a T-sleeve, the outer side of the T-sleeve forms a complete external thread, that is, the formed T-sleeve The upper outer side wall of the pipe is provided with external threads, which are fixedly connected with the separator through threads to form a relatively airtight container for accommodating male cones/male inflorescences.

As shown in Figure 8-11, the "one" part of the T-shaped sleeve that is in contact with the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the lower part of the male flower branch holder, which is also the bottom of the pollen sorting and collecting device of the present invention; and the isolator The "1"-shaped part of the T-shaped sleeve that is fixedly connected is the upper part of the male flower branch holder, that is, the end where the male flower branch holder and the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch are in contact is the lower part of the male flower branch holder, and The end away from the connecting short branch is the upper part of the male flower branch holder.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the "one" part (ie the bottom) of the T-shaped sleeve formed by splicing two half sleeves is taken as an example, as shown in Figure 2; the side length is 1.5cm (usually 1-2cm). ); the fixed protrusion is in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, and its height is less than the height of the "one" part of the T-shaped sleeve, and its height is 0.3cm (usually 0.2-0.5cm). The fixed rope is a soft iron wire with a diameter of 2mm, and the diameter of the inner tube of the casing is 1.3cm (usually 0.8-1.5cm).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 , the isolator 2 includes a separator body part 21 , a connecting part 22 , a fixing part 23 , an air inlet 24 , a blower 5 and a duct 6 , wherein the isolator body part, the connecting part and the fixing part are between The isolator main body part, the connecting part and the fixing part are coaxial to form an isolator accommodating cavity. The fixed part of the isolator is fixedly connected with the male flower branch holder, which is the lower part of the isolator; the isolator connecting part connects the main body part and the fixed part into one; the main part of the isolator is fixedly connected with the diploid pollen collector, away from the male flower branch The retainer is the upper part of the isolator. The air inlet is opened at one end of the main body of the isolator near the connecting part, and the blower is connected to the air inlet through a duct, blowing air into the isolator, simulating the natural wind environment, and blowing the air connecting the male bulbs/male inflorescences on the short branches. The pollen from the cracking of the microsporangium causes the pollen to scatter. When the pollen collection device is out of service, remove the duct and blower, and seal the air intake with a sealing plug.

The main part of the isolator is a cylinder with a cavity inside, the connecting part of the isolator is a truncated cone with a cavity inside, and the fixing part of the isolator is a cylinder with a cavity inside. The diameter of the main body portion is larger than the diameter of the fixing portion.

The diameter of the fixed part is adapted to the size of the "1"-shaped part on the upper part of the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder (that is, it is compatible with the outer diameter size of the inner cylinder 17 of the sleeve of the male flower branch holder), and the size of the fixed part is compatible. There is an internal thread inside, which is threadedly connected with the external thread of the "1" type part of the T-shaped sleeve of the male flower branch holder; or the end of the fixing part away from the main body part has a snap groove and the upper part of the male flower branch holder. , snap into each other and fix them together. The main part of the isolator is connected with the diploid pollen collector, and the part connected to the diploid pollen collector has internal threads on the inner wall or external threads on the outer wall or has a snap-fit groove at its top, which is connected with the diploid pollen collector. Collectors are screwed or snapped. The inside of the main body is provided with a metal filter screen 25, which is used to initially filter impurities such as dried pollen sacs, flower bracts or small leaves mixed in the pollen. A metal filter screen is arranged inside the main body part close to the end close to the diploid pollen collector. The diameter of the metal filter mesh is adapted to the inner diameter of the isolator body. The inside of the truncated truncated connecting part has a truncated truncated cavity, the upper bottom surface of which is connected with the main body part, and the lower bottom surface of which is connected with the fixing part. The diameter of the main body portion is the same as the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the connecting portion, and the diameter of the lower portion of the connecting portion is the same as the diameter of the fixing portion.

The isolator fixing part is fixedly connected (eg, screwed, snapped, etc.) to the male flower branch holder, and the isolator main body is fixedly connected (eg, screwed, snapped, etc.) to the diploid pollen collector.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the isolator fixing part is fixedly connected with the outer thread of the "1"-shaped part of the male flower branch holder sleeve by means of threaded connection. In addition, other fixed connections such as clamping, riveting, welding, etc. All methods are applicable to the present invention; the main part of the isolator and the diploid pollen collector are integrally connected by threads, and other fixed connection methods, such as clamping, riveting, welding, etc., are applicable to the present invention.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the main body part, the connecting part and the fixing part of the isolator are made of PE material with a thickness of 1 mm, wherein the outer diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the main body part is 2.6 cm, the inner diameter is 2.5 cm, and the length is 6 cm; The outer diameter of the cylindrical cavity inside the part is 1.55cm, the inner diameter is 1.45cm, and the length is 0.5cm; the diameter of the fixing part matches the diameter of the upper casing inner cylinder of the male flower branch holder; the inner diameter of the upper bottom surface of the connecting part is 2.5cm, and the lower bottom surface The inner diameter is 1.45cm, and the height is 0.5cm; the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the connecting part is the same as that of the main body, and the diameter of the lower bottom surface is the same as that of the fixing part; the diameter of the metal filter mesh is adapted to the inner diameter of the main part of the isolator, and the aperture is 5 -30 meshes (preferably 20 meshes), the distance between the metal filter screen and the connecting end of the isolator body and the diploid pollen collector is 0.2-1.0 cm (preferably 0.5 cm).

As shown in Figure 6, the diploid pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, and is provided with a diploid pollen filter 31 for retaining diploid pollen. The diameter of the diploid pollen filter is related to the diploid pollen collection. The inner diameter of the device is the same. The end of the diploid pollen collector close to the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the lower part of the diploid pollen collector, and the end away from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the upper part of the diploid pollen collector.

One end of the diploid pollen collector is connected with the main body of the isolator, and its inner wall near the end connected with the main body of the isolator has internal threads or external threads, or the diploid pollen collector is The top of one end of the isolator connected to the main body of the isolator has a snap groove, which is screwed or snapped with the main body of the isolator; the other end of the diploid pollen collector is fixedly connected to the common pollen collector, and its The inner wall close to the end connected with the common pollen collector has internal threads or the outer wall has external threads, or there is a snap groove on the top of the end of the diploid pollen collector connected with the common pollen collector, and the common pollen collector is connected with the common pollen collector. threaded connection or snap connection.

The diploid pollen filter is arranged in the interior near the end connected to the common pollen collector to retain the diploid pollen, and the diploid pollen filter is arranged close to the end connected to the common pollen collector at a distance of 0.2-1.0 cm (preferably 0.5 cm).

The pore size of the diploid pollen filter is determined according to the size of the diploid pollen of different plants, which is usually smaller than the diameter of the diploid pollen of the plant and larger than the diameter of the ordinary pollen of the plant. In the present invention, it is usually 20 μm-80 μm. The diameter of diploid pollen is usually 41 μm-60 μm, and the pore size of the diploid pollen filter is 40 μm.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the cylindrical cavity of the diploid pollen collector has an outer diameter of 2.6 cm, an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, a length of 1.5 cm, and both sides are open, and is made of PE material with a thickness of 1 mm; diploid pollen The diameter of the filter is compatible with the inner diameter of the diploid pollen collector. The diploid pollen filter and the inner wall of the diploid pollen collector cylinder are closely connected. A small hole is used as an example for illustration, and other dimensions are also applicable to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the common pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, and a common pollen filter 41 for intercepting common haploid pollen is arranged inside. The diameter of the common pollen filter is consistent with the inner diameter of the common pollen collector. The end of the common pollen collector close to the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the lower part of the common pollen collector, and the end away from the male cone/male inflorescence connecting short branch is the upper part of the common pollen collector.

One end of the common pollen collector is connected with the diploid pollen collector, and its inner wall close to the end connected with the diploid pollen collector has an inner thread or an outer wall has an outer thread or is connected with the ordinary pollen collector. The top of the connected end of the diploid pollen collector has a snap groove, which is screwed or snapped with the diploid pollen collector; the other end of the common pollen collector is open; the common pollen filter is set close to the common pollen collector The inside of the open end, which is used to trap common pollen,

The common pollen filter is arranged inside the open end of the common pollen collector to retain common haploid pollen, and the distance between the setting position of the common pollen filter and the open end of the common pollen collector is 0.2-1.0 cm (preferably 0.5 cm).

The pore size of the common pollen filter is determined according to the size of the common pollen of different plants, and is usually smaller than the diameter of the common pollen of the plant. In the present invention, it is usually 10 μm-50 μm. For example, the diameter of the common pollen of Ginkgo biloba The pore size of the filter is 20 μm.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the common pollen collector is 2.6 cm, the inner diameter is 2.5 cm, the length is 3 cm, and both sides are open, and it is made of PE material with a thickness of 1 mm; The diameter is compatible with the inner diameter of the diploid pollen collector, the filter is closely connected with the inner wall of the diploid pollen collector cylinder, the thickness of the membrane is 0.05mm, and the membrane is evenly distributed with small holes of 20μm diameter. Other dimensions are also suitable for use in the present invention.

The open end of the common pollen collector can also be provided with a top cover (not shown in the figure), and the size of the top cover is consistent with the diameter of the common pollen collector. Closed to keep the inside of the plant pollen collection device clean and avoid possible contamination when it is used later. The inner wall of the open end of the common pollen collector has internal threads or the outer wall has external threads, or the top of the end of the common pollen collector connected to the top cover has a snap groove, which is screwed or snapped with the top cover.

The plant pollen classification and collection method of the present invention, and the working principle of the pollen classification and collection device of the present invention are described by taking ginkgo pollen classification and collection as an example:

①Male cone/male inflorescence selection and doubling induction treatment:

When the male cone/male inflorescence 9 of the plant has not yet entered meiosis, select the male cone to be collected, and select the male cone that is in the normal growth position, single growth, and the diameter of the connecting short branch is in the range of 0.8-1.2cm; Narcissine double induced treatment of male Ginkgo cones.

The doubling induction treatment usually adopts 0.5-1.0% colchicine aqueous solution to soak the male cones/male inflorescences of the plants to be collected pollen, and the soaking time is 40-50h. In the method of the present invention, 0.6% colchicine aqueous solution is generally used for soaking treatment for 48 hours; in the specific embodiment of the present invention, 0.6% colchicine aqueous solution is used for soaking treatment of ginkgo male cones for 48 hours.

②The installation of the male flower branch holder:

As shown in Figures 8 and 9, two symmetrical half-casings on the left and right are placed on both sides of the male bulb after the induction treatment respectively, and the two symmetrical half-casings are spliced together, and the two half-casings are combined to form The inner cylindrical cavity of the male bulb is clamped inside the spliced T-shaped sleeve (that is, the male flower branch holder), and the two half-sleeves that are symmetrical on the left and right are fixed by the fixing rope outside the half-sleeve. The fixing protrusions are wound together and fixed, and then the fixing rope is wound and fixed on the long branch 8 of the ginkgo, so that the male flower branch holder is stably installed on the connecting short branch of the male bulb.

③Install the isolator accommodating chamber:

As shown in Figure 10, the fixing part of the isolator is screwed and installed on the upper part of the male flower branch holder, that is, it passes through the upper end of the male flower branch holder with the outer thread "1"-shaped part and the isolator fixing part with internal thread Threaded connection, screwed, and fixed into one body with the male flower branch holder, the isolator main body part, the connection part and the fixed part installed on the male flower branch holder are connected in an integral sequence, and the interior is communicated, forming a structure that can accommodate the male bulbs to be waited. / The spacer of the male inflorescence accommodates the cavity.

④Development of male cone/male inflorescence:

After installing the isolator accommodating cavity of the pollen sorting and collecting device, pass the air inlet on the main body of the isolator and the metal filter (pore size: 20 mesh or 0.90mm) inside the main body of the isolator to ensure the inside and outside of the isolator of the pollen collecting device. The air circulation in the environment makes the male Ginkgo cones continue to develop normally in the isolator of the pollen collector after the doubling of colchicine induction treatment, until the microsporangium is about to start to disperse powder (the color gradually changes from yellow-green to golden yellow).

⑤ Install diploid and haploid pollen collectors:

As shown in Figure 11, when the ginkgo microsporangia is about to start powdering (the color gradually changes from yellow-green to golden yellow), the air inlet on the main body of the isolator is connected to the blower through a conduit 6 (usually a rubber hose), and then Install the diploid and haploid pollen collectors in sequence, that is, the diploid pollen collector uses the outer thread on the outer wall or the inner thread on the inner side at both ends of the diploid pollen collector, and the inner wall of the main part of the isolator with the metal filter screen. The inner thread on the outer wall or the outer thread on the outside is screwed and connected; then the ordinary pollen collector is connected with the diploid pollen collector with the diploid pollen collector by using the outer thread on the outer wall or the inner thread on the inside. The inner thread on the inner wall of one side of the pollen filter or the outer thread on the outer wall is screwed and connected.

⑥ Diploid pollen collection:

After waiting for the microsporangium to crack (start to disperse the powder), turn on the blower and pump air into the main part of the isolator of the pollen collection device for 5-10 minutes, so that the ginkgo pollen that has been cracked from the ginkgo microsporangium is blown by the airflow. , after primary filtration through the metal filter screen in the main part of the isolator, blow it into the diploid pollen collection container, filter and intercept the diploid pollen collection container with a filter membrane with 40μm diameter pores, and double the ginkgo biloba The body pollen is retained in the diploid pollen collector, while the remaining ordinary ginkgo pollen is continuously blown into the ordinary pollen collector by the airflow, and then filtered and intercepted by the filter membrane with 20μm diameter holes on the ordinary pollen collector container. All ended up in a common pollen collection container.

⑦ Pollen storage:

Rotate the diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collector in the opposite direction, and separate them from the branches, and classify and collect the diploid pollen in the diploid pollen collector and the common haploid in the common pollen collector respectively. Take out the pollen, transfer it to a 4°C refrigerator, and store it in an airtight container.

Claims (12)

1. A plant pollen classifying and collecting device is characterized by comprising a male flowering branch fixer, an isolator, a diploid pollen collector and a common pollen collector, wherein the male flowering branch fixer is fixedly connected with a male bulbil/male inflorescence connecting short branch of a plant, the male flowering branch fixer, the isolator, the diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collector are sequentially connected into a whole and are communicated with each other, and a cavity for accommodating the male bulbil/male inflorescence is formed inside the isolator fixedly connected to the male flowering branch fixer.

2. The collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the male flowering branch fixer is a T-shaped sleeve integrally formed by splicing two bilaterally symmetrical half sleeves, and the inside of the spliced T-shaped male flowering branch fixer sleeve forms a cylindrical hollow sleeve inner barrel for accommodating and fixing the male bulbar/male inflorescence connecting short branch.

3. The collecting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the T-shaped male flower holder sleeve comprises a i-shaped part and a i-shaped part, and the sleeve inner cylinder formed after splicing penetrates through the i-shaped parts and the i-shaped parts of the male flower holder.

4. A collecting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the separator comprises a body portion, a connecting portion and a fixing portion which are coaxial and which are connected together in series and which communicate internally.

5. The collection apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the isolator further comprises a duct and a blower connected to the main body of the isolator via the duct, the blower blowing air into the isolator to simulate a natural wind environment and to blow pollen cracked from microsporidia of a male inflorescence/staminate in the isolator to fly.

6. The collection device of claim 4, wherein said separator body portion is fixedly connected to said diploid pollen collector; the connecting part connects the main body part and the fixing part into a whole; the fixing part is fixedly connected with the male flower branch fixer.

7. The collecting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said diploid pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, one end of said cylinder is fixedly connected with said separator, the other end of said cylinder is fixedly connected with said common pollen collector, and a diploid pollen filter for trapping diploid pollen is arranged inside said cylinder.

8. The collecting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said common pollen collector is a cylinder with a cavity inside, one end of which is fixedly connected with said diploid pollen collector, and the other end of which is open, and in which a common pollen filter for trapping haploid pollen is arranged.

9. A method for classifying and collecting pollen by using the plant pollen classifying and collecting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

1) selecting a single-growing male ball flower/male inflorescence at a normal growth position, and then carrying out double induction treatment on the male ball flower/male inflorescence entering the early stage of meiosis;

2) sleeving the male flowering branch fixer on the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence subjected to the doubling induction treatment, binding the male flowering branch fixer, and fixing the bundled male flowering branch fixer on the growing long branch of the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence;

3) fixedly connecting the isolator with the male flower branch fixer; and the air inside and outside the isolator is circulated, and the male ball flower/male inflorescence after the double induction treatment normally develops in the isolator until the microsporocyst is about to begin to loose powder;

4) when the microspore is observed to be about to loose powder, a diploid pollen collector, a common pollen collector and the isolator are sequentially arranged,

5) after the microsporocyst is cracked, blowing air into the cavity of the isolator, sending air into the cavity, blowing the cracked pollen by airflow, and carrying out classified collection on the pollen by sequentially passing through the isolator main body part, the diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collector.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the blowing of the pollen into the cavity of the isolator in the step 5) is performed for 5-10 min.

11. A method for classifying and collecting pollen by using the plant pollen classifying and collecting device as claimed in claim 7, comprising the steps of:

1) selecting a single-growing male ball flower/male inflorescence at a normal growth position, and then carrying out double induction treatment on the male ball flower/male inflorescence entering the early stage of meiosis;

2) sleeving the male flowering branch fixer on the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence subjected to the doubling induction treatment, binding the male flowering branch fixer, and fixing the bundled male flowering branch fixer on the growing long branch of the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence;

3) fixedly connecting the isolator with the male flower branch fixer; and the air inside and outside the isolator is circulated, and the male ball flower/male inflorescence after the double induction treatment normally develops in the isolator until the microsporocyst is about to begin to loose powder;

4) when the microspore is observed to be about to loose powder, a diploid pollen collector, a common pollen collector and the isolator are sequentially arranged,

5) after the microsporocyst is cracked, blowing air into the cavity of the isolator, sending air into the cavity, blowing the cracked pollen by airflow, and carrying out classified collection on the pollen by sequentially passing through the isolator main body part, the diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collector.

12. A method for classifying and collecting pollen by using the plant pollen classifying and collecting device as claimed in claim 8, comprising the steps of:

1) selecting a single-growing male ball flower/male inflorescence at a normal growth position, and then carrying out double induction treatment on the male ball flower/male inflorescence entering the early stage of meiosis;

2) sleeving the male flowering branch fixer on the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence subjected to the doubling induction treatment, binding the male flowering branch fixer, and fixing the bundled male flowering branch fixer on the growing long branch of the connecting short branch of the male bulbodium/male inflorescence;

3) fixedly connecting the isolator with the male flower branch fixer; and the air inside and outside the isolator is circulated, and the male ball flower/male inflorescence after the double induction treatment normally develops in the isolator until the microsporocyst is about to begin to loose powder;

4) when the microspore is observed to be about to loose powder, a diploid pollen collector, a common pollen collector and the isolator are sequentially arranged,

5) after the microsporocyst is cracked, blowing air into the cavity of the isolator, sending air into the cavity, blowing the cracked pollen by airflow, and carrying out classified collection on the pollen by sequentially passing through the isolator main body part, the diploid pollen collector and the common pollen collector.

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