CN119916478A - A method and device for suppressing multiple waves on land surface - Google Patents
A method and device for suppressing multiple waves on land surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a land surface multiple wave pressing method and device, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploration. The method uses the data of the shot point and the detector point static correction value for reaction as SRME input data, and uses the total static correction value of the shot point and the detector point to carry out internal interpolation processing time difference correction so as to predict the multiple wave on the surface of the undulating surface. According to the land surface multiple pressing method and device provided by the invention, the shot points and the wave detection points are placed on the real ground surface through the reaction of the static correction values of the shot points and the wave detection points, and when the real travel of the seismic waves is recovered, the total static correction values of the shot points and the wave detection points are interpolated and encrypted and applied to the internal regularization of SRME, so that the accuracy of a surface multiple prediction model is improved, the aim of pressing surface multiple better is achieved, and the method and device are suitable for the surface multiple pressing of the undulating ground surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploration, and relates to a surface multiple pressing method, in particular to a land surface multiple pressing method and a land surface multiple pressing device.
Background
The surface multiples are not only in marine seismic data, but also widely developed in land seismic data, and severely reduce the quality of the seismic data, which is a serious problem in seismic data processing. Currently, the pressing surface multiple is generally made by adopting SRME technology.
The SRME technology is a method for realizing surface layer related multiple suppression by utilizing seismic data per se, carrying out surface layer related multiple prediction through time-space domain two-dimensional convolution and subtracting the predicted multiple through self-adaptive subtraction. The SRME technique was originally applied to marine streamer data, and it was assumed that both shots and geophones were at one level, so that when internal regularization was performed, the time difference between the target trace and the borrowed seismic trace was mainly the offset difference-induced motion correction time difference, which could be corrected by velocity calculation. This condition cannot be met due to land seismic data surface heave or near surface velocity variations. The current solution is to apply the data to a smooth CMP reference surface before surface multiple prediction. The method overcomes the problems, but the application of the high-frequency static correction amount damages the real travel time relationship, the predicted surface multiple has larger error with the reflection time of the surface multiple in the data, and the time difference is difficult to completely solve through subsequent self-adaptive subtraction, so that the pressing effect of the surface multiple is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a land surface multiple wave suppression method and device, which are used for solving the problems of low land seismic data surface multiple wave prediction precision and poor suppression effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A land surface multiple suppression method uses the data of shot point and detector point static correction as SRME input data, and uses the total static correction of shot point and detector point to make internal interpolation processing time difference correction so as to make surface multiple prediction.
As a definition, comprising the steps of:
s1, after static correction and noise suppression treatment are carried out on seismic data, a static correction value is used for reaction, and a gather is formed;
S2, combining interpolation encryption of total static correction values of the shot point and the detector point, and forming a total static correction value library of the shot point and the detector point together with coordinates of the shot point and the detector point;
S3, inputting the trace set and the total static correction library, and predicting surface multiple by using SRME to form a surface multiple model;
the total static correction amount library is used for internal regularized time difference correction;
s4, performing static correction and noise suppression treatment on the seismic data, and performing self-adaptive subtraction on the surface multiple model after static correction to obtain the seismic data of the suppression surface multiple.
As a further definition, the static correction comprises a reference plane static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction, and the static correction comprises a reference plane static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction.
By way of further limitation, the total static correction is a sum of a reference surface static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction.
The invention also provides a land surface multiple pressing device, which comprises:
The seismic data processing module is used for reflecting the seismic data subjected to static correction and noise suppression processing by using static correction values to form a gather;
The total static correction amount library acquisition module is used for merging, interpolating and encrypting the total static correction amounts of the shot point and the detector point, and forming a total static correction amount library of the shot point and the detector point together with coordinates of the shot point and the detector point;
The surface multiple model acquisition module is used for inputting the gather and the total static correction amount library, and performing surface multiple prediction by using the SRME to form a surface multiple model;
And the surface multiple suppression module is used for adaptively subtracting the surface multiple model from the statics corrected seismic data to obtain the surface multiple suppressed seismic data.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical progress:
According to the land surface multiple pressing method and device provided by the invention, the shot points and the wave detection points are placed on the real ground surface through the reaction of the static correction values of the shot points and the wave detection points, and when the real travel of the seismic waves is recovered, the total static correction values of the shot points and the wave detection points are interpolated and encrypted and applied to the internal regularization of SRME, so that the accuracy of a surface multiple prediction model is improved, the aim of pressing surface multiple better is achieved, and the method and device are suitable for the surface multiple pressing of the undulating ground surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment, wherein FIG. 1a is a flow chart of the current land surface multiple pressing scheme, and FIG. 1b is a flow chart of the technical scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the preprocessing result of forward modeling data in the embodiment, wherein FIG. 2a is the input forward modeling data, FIG. 2b is the data subjected to static correction and noise suppression processing, and FIG. 2c is the data of static correction for reaction;
FIG. 3 is a plot of total static correction for an embodiment, wherein FIG. 3a is a plot of total static correction for a shot point, FIG. 3b is a plot of total static correction for a detector point, and FIG. 3c is a plot of total static correction after interpolation encryption;
FIG. 4 is a surface multiple model of SRME prediction in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of static correction processing applied to a surface multiple model in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the result of pressing the surface multiple in the example;
Fig. 7 is a comparison of predicted surface multiples models of two schemes in the embodiment, wherein fig. 7a and fig. 7b are respectively input data and predicted surface multiples models of the current land surface multiple pressing scheme, and fig. 7c and fig. 7d are respectively input data and predicted surface multiples models of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment is a land surface multiple wave pressing method and device
The flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 1b, and compared with the current land surface multiple suppression scheme (the flow chart is shown in fig. 1 a), the technical scheme of the method has a larger difference in processing flow compared with the prior art as shown in fig. 1. The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, carrying out reference plane static correction, ground surface consistency residual static correction and noise suppression iteration processing on forward modeling data (shown in figure 2 a) of an undulating ground surface, wherein primary arrival wave interference is suppressed mainly, and a data processing result is shown in figure 2 b;
s2, restoring the shot point to the ground surface by using the reference plane static correction value and the ground surface consistency residual static correction value of the shot point for reaction, and restoring the shot point to the ground surface by using the reference plane static correction value and the ground surface consistency residual static correction value of the shot point for reaction to form a gather, wherein a data processing result is shown in figure 2 c;
S3, accumulating the reference plane static correction value and the earth surface consistency residual static correction value of the shot point to form a total static correction value of the shot point, and accumulating the reference plane static correction value and the earth surface consistency residual static correction value of the demodulation point to form a total static correction value of the demodulation point;
s4, merging, interpolating and encrypting total static correction values of the shot points and the detector points, wherein the grid is a plane (the total static correction value curve is shown in fig. 3) for processing the size of the bin, and the plane is put into a database together with the coordinates of the shot points and the detector points to form a total static correction value library of the shot points and the detector points;
S5, inputting the gather formed in the step S2, calling a total static correction amount library formed in the step S4, and performing surface multiple prediction by using SRME, wherein the total static correction amount library is used for internal regularized time difference correction to form a surface multiple model, as shown in FIG. 4;
S6, applying the shot point, the reference surface static correction value of the wave detection point and the surface consistency residual static correction value to the CMP reference surface by the surface multiple model formed in the step S5, as shown in FIG. 5;
S7, sorting the seismic data processed in the step S1 and the surface multiple model processed in the step S6 into shot set data, and performing self-adaptive subtraction to obtain the seismic data of the pressed surface multiple, wherein the seismic data is shown in FIG. 6.
According to the current land surface multiple wave suppression scheme (the flow chart is shown in figure 1 a) and the technical scheme (the flow chart is shown in figure 1 b), respectively processing forward modeling data of the undulating surface, wherein the processing result is shown in figure 7, and the common offset profile is shown in the figure;
As can be seen from comparison of FIG. 7, the surface multiple model predicted by the technical scheme of the invention is consistent with the multiple time in forward modeling data in a form basically consistent with that of the surface multiple model predicted by the current land surface multiple pressing scheme, and the surface multiple model predicted by the current land surface multiple pressing scheme is greatly different from the forward modeling data at the position with larger surface fluctuation.
The embodiment also provides a land surface multiple pressing device, comprising:
The seismic data processing module is used for reacting the seismic data subjected to static correction and noise suppression processing with static correction values to form a gather;
The total static correction amount library acquisition module is used for merging, interpolating and encrypting the total static correction amounts of the shot point and the detector point, and forming a total static correction amount library together with coordinates of the shot point and the detector point;
The surface multiple model acquisition module is used for inputting the gather and the total static correction amount library, and performing surface multiple prediction by using the SRME to form a surface multiple model;
And the surface multiple suppression module is used for adaptively subtracting the static corrected seismic data from the surface multiple model to obtain the seismic data of the suppression surface multiple.
Claims (5)
1. A land surface multiple suppression method is characterized in that data of static correction values of a shot point and a wave detector for reaction are used as SRME input data, and time difference correction is carried out by using total static correction values of the shot point and the wave detector, so that surface multiple prediction is carried out.
2. A land surface multiple pressing method according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, after static correction and noise suppression treatment are carried out on seismic data, a static correction value is used for reaction, and a gather is formed;
S2, combining interpolation encryption of total static correction values of the shot point and the detector point, and forming a total static correction value library of the shot point and the detector point together with coordinates of the shot point and the detector point;
S3, inputting the trace set and the total static correction library, and predicting surface multiple by using SRME to form a surface multiple model;
the total static correction amount library is used for internal regularized time difference correction;
s4, performing static correction and noise suppression treatment on the seismic data, and performing self-adaptive subtraction on the surface multiple model after static correction to obtain the seismic data of the suppression surface multiple.
3. The method of land surface multiple pressing as defined in claim 2, wherein said static correction includes a reference plane static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction, and said static correction includes a reference plane static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction.
4. A land surface multiple pressing method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the total static correction is a sum of a reference surface static correction and a surface consistency residual static correction.
5. A land surface multiple pressing apparatus, comprising:
The seismic data processing module is used for reflecting the seismic data subjected to static correction and noise suppression processing by using static correction values to form a gather;
The total static correction amount library acquisition module is used for merging, interpolating and encrypting the total static correction amounts of the shot point and the detector point, and forming a total static correction amount library of the shot point and the detector point together with coordinates of the shot point and the detector point;
The surface multiple model acquisition module is used for inputting the gather and the total static correction amount library, and performing surface multiple prediction by using the SRME to form a surface multiple model;
And the surface multiple suppression module is used for adaptively subtracting the surface multiple model from the seismic data subjected to static correction to obtain the seismic data of the suppression surface multiple.
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