CN119876832B - Method for improving wear resistance of steel material - Google Patents
Method for improving wear resistance of steel materialInfo
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- CN119876832B CN119876832B CN202510389195.1A CN202510389195A CN119876832B CN 119876832 B CN119876832 B CN 119876832B CN 202510389195 A CN202510389195 A CN 202510389195A CN 119876832 B CN119876832 B CN 119876832B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种提高钢铁材料耐磨性的方法，涉及钢铁材料后处理技术领域，该方法是以钢铁材料为基体，先对基体表面进行预处理，之后将基体在150~280℃温度下进行预热处理，再以空心球体作为喷涂粉末，利用超音速热喷涂设备，将空心球体加热至1800~2200℃，以氮气和氢气为载气，将空心球体以800~1000m/s的速度喷射到基体表面，即在基体表面形成厚度为0.3~0.5mm的耐磨涂层，进而能够提高基体的耐磨性；空心球体是以铜冶炼废渣为原料通过等离子体快速加热法制得的，其壁厚为1~3μm，粒径为45~75μm。本发明通过在钢铁材料表面制备耐磨涂层使得钢铁材料具有更好的耐磨损性能。该方法整体过程简便，经济成本较低，同时为铜冶炼废渣的工业化综合再利用创造了良好的应用前景。
The present invention provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, and relates to the technical field of post-processing of steel materials. The method uses the steel material as a substrate, pre-processes the substrate surface first, and then preheats the substrate at a temperature of 150-280°C, and then uses a hollow sphere as a spray powder, uses a supersonic thermal spraying device, heats the hollow sphere to 1800-2200°C, and uses nitrogen and hydrogen as carrier gases to spray the hollow sphere to the substrate surface at a speed of 800-1000m/s, that is, a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5mm is formed on the substrate surface, thereby improving the wear resistance of the substrate; the hollow sphere is prepared by a plasma rapid heating method using copper smelting waste slag as a raw material, and has a wall thickness of 1-3μm and a particle size of 45-75μm. The present invention enables the steel material to have better wear resistance by preparing a wear-resistant coating on the surface of the steel material. The overall process of this method is simple and the economic cost is low. At the same time, it creates good application prospects for the industrial comprehensive recycling of copper smelting waste slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of post-treatment of steel materials, in particular to a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials.
Background
With the rapid development of modern industrial technology, mechanical parts and equipment made of steel materials are required to be capable of working under severe conditions of high precision, high load, high temperature and the like. The abrasion and abrasion of parts can cause the abrasion failure of parts, and the high requirement is put on the abrasion resistance of steel materials or surface protection materials. With the development of equipment manufacturing industry to large scale and high operation speed, the improvement of the service life of steel materials has become one of important tasks for improving the overall competitiveness of the national manufacturing industry.
The steel materials can be divided into two main categories from the aspect of the structure phase for resisting abrasion, namely austenitic manganese steel and martensitic wear-resistant steel by utilizing the high hardness of a matrix, and the other category comprises high-chromium cast iron and high-vanadium high-speed steel by strengthening the abrasion resistance by virtue of a second phase. Taking high chromium cast iron with lower cost as an example, the market price is close to ten thousand yuan/ton. However, the wear-resistant parts made of steel materials in crushing, grinding, excavating and other equipment are frequently impacted and worn by materials, so that the wear-resistant parts fail rapidly, the consumption of the wear-resistant parts is large each year, and how to realize the unification of the wear resistance and the economic benefit is a concern.
Therefore, intensive research into low-cost methods capable of improving the wear resistance of steel materials has become one of the hot spots in the field of steel material research for some time now and in the future. The coating is a measure for effectively improving the wear resistance of the steel material, and the impact force in the wear process can be greatly relieved through the composite structure with the alternately soft and hard surfaces, so that the material has higher wear resistance. At present, the research on preparing the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the steel material is relatively less.
Copper smelting slag is smelting tailings generated when copper is produced by utilizing copper sulfide concentrate. At present, the accumulation amount of copper smelting slag in China is large. Because of different smelting processes of copper smelting, the components and the contents of substances contained in copper slag are different. The main application direction of the copper smelting slag is that firstly valuable metal elements are purified, and secondly the copper smelting slag is used as building materials. However, the comprehensive application rate of the application to the copper smelting slag is less than 22%, and a large amount of copper smelting slag is still left unused and the environmental safety is endangered.
Therefore, if a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials by adopting copper smelting waste slag as a raw material can be provided, the uniformity of the wear resistance and the economic benefit can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the wear resistance of the steel material. The method has simple whole process and lower economic cost, and simultaneously converts the copper smelting waste slag into a high-value product, thereby creating good application prospect for industrialized comprehensive recycling of the copper smelting waste slag.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following specific scheme:
A method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials mainly comprises the following steps:
step (1), taking a steel material as a matrix, and preprocessing the surface of the matrix;
step (2), preheating the substrate at a preheating temperature of 150-280 ℃;
Step (3), using a hollow sphere as spraying powder, heating the hollow sphere to 1800-2200 ℃ by using a supersonic thermal spraying device, using nitrogen and hydrogen as carrier gases, and spraying the hollow sphere to the surface of a substrate at a speed of 800-1000 m/s, namely forming a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm on the surface of the substrate, so that the wear resistance of the substrate can be improved;
The hollow sphere is prepared from copper smelting waste slag serving as a raw material through a plasma rapid heating method, the wall thickness of the hollow sphere is 1-3 mu m, and the particle size of the hollow sphere is 45-75 mu m.
In the step (1), the surface of the substrate is cleaned, then the surface grease is removed by ethanol or acetone, and the surface of the substrate is subjected to sand blasting by a sand blaster to obtain the substrate with a rough surface.
Further, in the step (3), the chemical components contained in the hollow sphere are ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 1~3%, mass percent and the balance is Fe 2SiO4.
The preparation method of the hollow sphere used in the step (3) comprises the steps of ball milling copper smelting waste slag serving as an original raw material, uniformly mixing the copper smelting waste slag with alcohol to prepare a mixed solution, spraying the mixed solution through a plasma rapid heating method to form the hollow sphere, and screening to obtain the hollow sphere with the particle size of 45-75 mu m.
Further, in the step (3), when spraying is carried out, the oxygen flow is 600-800L/min, the nitrogen flow is 8-20L/min, the hydrogen flow is 6-10L/min, the kerosene flow is 20-30L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the spraying distance is 300-350 mm, and the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 5-8 mm/s.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The deposited hollow sphere sheet layer stack layer is thinner than that of a solid sphere and has finer microscopic grain structure by utilizing the wear-resistant coating prepared by the hollow sphere. From the principle of materials, a thinner lamellar structure means that the stress concentration of the coating is relieved when it is subjected to wear. Thinner sheets can distribute stresses faster as wear occurs, reducing the creation and propagation of microcracks. The fine microscopic grain structure increases the area of the grain boundary, and the grain boundary has the function of preventing dislocation movement, so that the dislocation is difficult to move in a large scale when the coating is stressed, and the hardness of the coating is improved. Meanwhile, the grain boundary can absorb part of energy, so that the toughness of the coating is enhanced. The good combination of the hardness and the toughness ensures that the coating has stronger high-load abrasion resistance and better abrasion resistance.
(2) During the coating spray preparation, the carrier contains nitrogen and hydrogen. The addition of hydrogen can prevent ferrous iron in the hollow sphere from being oxidized into ferric iron. Under the high-temperature spraying environment, oxidative substances such as oxygen and the like easily change the valence state of the iron element. And ferrous iron and ferric iron have differences in material properties, the appearance of ferric iron can change the microstructure and physical properties of the coating, and the wear resistance of the coating is affected. The hydrogen is used as reducing gas, so that a relatively reduced environment can be created in the spraying process, the conversion of ferrous iron to ferric iron is inhibited, the stability of the coating components is ensured, and further, the high wear resistance of the coating is ensured.
(3) The invention prepares the copper smelting waste slag into the hollow sphere for spraying to form the wear-resistant coating, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits. From the economical point of view, copper smelting waste is a waste and has lower economic cost. The wear-resistant coating is converted into a high-value wear-resistant coating raw material, so that the production cost of the wear-resistant coating is reduced. From the perspective of environmental protection, the copper smelting slag in China has huge accumulation amount, low comprehensive application rate and idle accumulation of a large amount of waste slag, occupies land resources and endangers environmental safety. The invention opens up a new application field for copper smelting waste residues, realizes the resource utilization of waste materials, and reduces the pressure of the waste residues on the environment. Meanwhile, the wear-resistant coating prepared by the method is applied to the surface of the steel material, so that the wear resistance of the steel material is improved, the consumption of steel wear-resistant parts is reduced, the energy consumption and the environmental pollution in the steel production process are indirectly reduced, and good comprehensive benefits are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the microtopography of the wear resistant coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the interface between the wear-resistant coating and the substrate in the product of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in connection with specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, which comprises the following specific steps:
step (1), taking a steel material as a matrix, firstly cleaning the surface of the matrix, and then removing surface grease by using ethanol or acetone;
step (2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the substrate by using a sand blasting machine to obtain a substrate with a rough surface, wherein during the sand blasting treatment, the sand material used is alumina or silicon dioxide, the grain diameter of the sand material is 20-60 meshes, and the air pressure is 0.3-1.0 MPa;
step (3), fixing the sandblasted substrate on a clamp, and preheating the surface of the substrate at a preheating temperature range of 150-280 ℃;
And (4) heating the hollow sphere to 1800-2200 ℃ by using supersonic thermal spraying equipment with the hollow sphere as spraying powder, spraying the hollow sphere onto the surface of a substrate at a speed of 800-1000 m/s with nitrogen and hydrogen as carriers, and finally obtaining the high-wear-resistance steel material, wherein the surface of the steel material is provided with the wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm.
Specifically, in the step (4), when spraying is performed, the oxygen flow is 600-800L/min, the nitrogen flow is 8-20L/min, the hydrogen flow is 6-10L/min, the kerosene flow is 20-30L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the spraying distance is 300-350 mm, and the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 5-8 mm/s.
Wherein the hollow sphere used in the step (4) has a wall thickness of 1-3 μm and a particle diameter of 45-75 μm. The preparation method of the hollow sphere comprises the steps of ball milling copper smelting waste slag serving as an original raw material, uniformly mixing the copper smelting waste slag with alcohol to prepare mixed solution, spraying the mixed solution through a plasma rapid heating method to form the hollow sphere, and screening to obtain the hollow sphere. The hollow sphere contains chemical components in percentage by mass ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 1~3%, and the balance of Fe 2SiO4.
According to the invention, the hollow sphere is used as spraying powder for supersonic thermal spraying, and the formed flaky stacked layers are thinner, so that the hardness of the coating reaches 57-60 HRC, and the high-wear-resistance ceramic material has good wear resistance.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, which comprises the following specific steps:
Step (1), selecting a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 2mm as a matrix, firstly adopting milling to clean the surface of the matrix so as to remove rust impurities, and then using ethanol to remove surface grease;
step (2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix by using a sand blaster, wherein sand is 30-mesh silicon dioxide, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and then removing the residual sand on the surface;
Step (3), fixing the substrate on a clamp, moving a spray gun, and carrying out preheating treatment on the surface of the substrate, wherein the preheating temperature is 150 ℃;
The method comprises the steps of (4) taking a hollow sphere as spraying powder, spraying the hollow sphere onto the surface of a substrate by using supersonic thermal spraying equipment, wherein the mass percentage of chemical components contained in the hollow sphere and the balance of the components is ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 3%,, the particle size of the hollow sphere is 45 mu m, the spraying process parameters are that the oxygen flow is 600L/min, the nitrogen flow is 8L/min, the hydrogen flow is 6L/min, the kerosene flow is 20L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8MPa, the spraying distance is 300mm, the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 5mm/s, the number of spraying layers is 30, each 5 layers of spraying layers are separated by 3min, the next layer of spraying is performed, and finally, the steel material with high wear resistance is obtained, and the surface of the steel material has a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.3 mm.
Fig. 1 is a microscopic morphology diagram of the wear-resistant coating prepared in this example, fig. 2 is a morphology diagram of the interface between the coating and the substrate in the product prepared in this example, and as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the coating prepared by the method of the present invention is tightly combined with the substrate, the coating is mainly composed of a stack of parallel lamellar structures, the middle of the coating contains some large particle structures, the thickness of the deposited lamellar structure is 2-10 μm, which is significantly smaller than the thickness of the lamellar structure (usually 10-30 μm) in the coating prepared by using a solid sphere, and the thinner lamellar structure enables the coating to have better toughness, and can significantly improve the wear resistance.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, which comprises the following specific steps:
Step (1), selecting a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 2mm as a matrix, firstly adopting grinding to clean the surface of the matrix so as to remove rust impurities, and then using ethanol to remove surface grease;
Step (2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix by using a sand blaster, wherein sand is 60-mesh silicon dioxide, and then removing residual sand on the surface;
Step (3), fixing the substrate on a clamp, and moving a spray gun to preheat the surface of the substrate, wherein the preheating temperature is 280 ℃;
The method comprises the steps of (4) taking a hollow sphere as spraying powder, spraying the hollow sphere onto the surface of a substrate by using supersonic thermal spraying equipment, wherein the mass percentage of chemical components contained in the hollow sphere and the balance of the components is ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 1%,, the particle size of the hollow sphere is 75 mu m, the spraying process parameters are that the oxygen flow is 800L/min, the nitrogen flow is 20L/min, the hydrogen flow is 10L/min, the kerosene flow is 30L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 1.2MPa, the spraying distance is 350mm, the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 8mm/s, the number of spraying layers is 30, each 5 layers of spraying layers are separated by 3min, the next layer of spraying is performed, and finally, the steel material with high wear resistance is obtained, and the surface of the steel material has a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.5 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, which comprises the following specific steps:
Step (1), selecting a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 2mm as a matrix, firstly adopting milling to clean the surface of the matrix so as to remove rust impurities, and then using acetone to remove surface grease;
step (2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix by using a sand blaster, wherein sand is 30-mesh silicon dioxide, and then removing residual sand on the surface;
step (3), fixing the substrate on a clamp, and moving a spray gun to preheat the surface of the substrate, wherein the preheating temperature is 200 ℃;
The method comprises the steps of (4) taking a hollow sphere as spraying powder, spraying the hollow sphere onto the surface of a substrate by using supersonic thermal spraying equipment, wherein the mass percentage of chemical components contained in the hollow sphere and the balance of the components is ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 2%,, the particle size of the hollow sphere is 55 mu m, the spraying process parameters are that the oxygen flow is 680L/min, the nitrogen flow is 12L/min, the hydrogen flow is 7L/min, the kerosene flow is 24L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 1.0MPa, the spraying distance is 320mm, the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 6mm/s, the number of spraying layers is 30, each 5 layers of spraying layers are separated by 3min, the next layer of spraying is performed, and finally, the steel material with high wear resistance is obtained, and the surface of the steel material has a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.38 mm.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for improving the wear resistance of steel materials, which comprises the following specific steps:
Step (1), selecting a Q235 steel plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 2mm as a matrix, firstly adopting milling to clean the surface of the matrix so as to remove rust impurities, and then using acetone to remove surface grease;
step (2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix by using a sand blaster, wherein sand is silicon dioxide with 50 meshes, and then removing the residual sand on the surface;
step (3), fixing the substrate on a clamp, and moving a spray gun to preheat the surface of the substrate, wherein the preheating temperature is 240 ℃;
The method comprises the steps of (4) taking a hollow sphere as spraying powder, spraying the hollow sphere onto the surface of a substrate by using supersonic thermal spraying equipment, wherein the mass percentage of chemical components contained in the hollow sphere and the balance of the components is ：Fe3O421%、Fe2O315%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O36%、ZnO 2.5%,, the particle size of the hollow sphere is 60 mu m, the spraying process parameters are that the oxygen flow is 720L/min, the nitrogen flow is 16L/min, the hydrogen flow is 9L/min, the kerosene flow is 27L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 1.1MPa, the spraying distance is 340mm, the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 7mm/s, the number of spraying layers is 30, each 5 layers of spraying layers are separated by 3min, the next layer of spraying is performed, and finally, the steel material with high wear resistance is obtained, and the surface of the steel material has a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.43 mm.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 4 only in that in step (4), solid spheres were sprayed onto the substrate surface using a supersonic thermal spraying apparatus.
The solid spheres in comparative example 1 were prepared by ball milling and pulverizing copper smelting waste, and then sieving.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 4 in that step (4) was not included.
The steel materials obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to an anti-frictional wear test, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. Wherein, the frictional wear test is carried out by using an MFT-5000 frictional wear testing machine, and the 95 zirconia beads (with a frictional radius of 6.35mm, a roughness Ra of 0.25 μm, a load of 6N, a time of 10min, a frequency of 5Hz, and a length of 10 mm) fixed by the upper clamp do reciprocating motion perpendicular to the surface of the coating.
TABLE 1 results of anti-Friction wear test for examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2
As is clear from Table 1, comparative example 2 does not produce a coating on the surface of the steel material, and the abrasion resistance of the whole is poor. Comparative example 1 a coating was prepared on the surface of the steel material with improved overall abrasion resistance compared to comparative example 2, but still higher than the steel material treated in examples 1-4, because the hardness (54.6 HRC) of the coating prepared with the solid spheres in comparative example 1 was less than the hardness (57-60 HRC) of the coating prepared with the hollow spheres, so that the coating of the solid spheres had reduced resistance to external abrasion loads, the friction pair could be pressed into the coating to a deeper depth, the cross-sectional area of the wear scar was larger, and the abrasion resistance was less than that of the coating of the hollow spheres. And the lamellar structure of the hollow sphere coating is thinner, the thinner lamellar structure can lead the abrasion microcrack to rapidly deflect, effectively reduce the crack concentration and delay the lamellar falling of the coating, thereby improving the abrasion resistance.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for improving the wear resistance of the steel material is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
step (1), taking a steel material as a matrix, and preprocessing the surface of the matrix;
step (2), preheating the substrate at a preheating temperature of 150-280 ℃;
Step (3), using a hollow sphere as spraying powder, heating the hollow sphere to 1800-2200 ℃ by using a supersonic thermal spraying device, using nitrogen and hydrogen as carrier gases, and spraying the hollow sphere to the surface of a substrate at a speed of 800-1000 m/s, namely forming a wear-resistant coating with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm on the surface of the substrate, so that the wear resistance of the substrate can be improved;
the preparation method of the hollow sphere used in the step (3) comprises the steps of ball milling copper smelting waste slag serving as an original raw material, uniformly mixing the copper smelting waste slag with alcohol to prepare a mixed solution, spraying the mixed solution through a plasma rapid heating method to form the hollow sphere, and screening to obtain the hollow sphere with the wall thickness of 1-3 mu m and the particle size of 45-75 mu m;
In the step (3), the chemical components contained in the hollow sphere are ：Fe3O4 21%、Fe2O3 15%、SiO29%,CaO 3%、Al2O3 6%、ZnO 1~3%, mass percent and the balance is Fe 2SiO4;
In the step (3), when spraying is carried out, the oxygen flow is 600-800L/min, the nitrogen flow is 8-20L/min, the hydrogen flow is 6-10L/min, the kerosene flow is 20-30L/h, the pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the spraying distance is 300-350 mm, and the horizontal moving speed of a spray gun is 5-8 mm/s.
2. The method for improving the wear resistance of the steel material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the surface of the substrate is pretreated by cleaning the surface of the substrate, removing surface grease by using ethanol or acetone, and performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of the substrate by using a sand blaster to obtain the substrate with a rough surface.
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| CN118497657A (en) * | 2024-05-07 | 2024-08-16 | 华北电力大学 | Preparation method of anti-corrosion coating based on industrial solid waste and applicable to high-temperature chloride salt |
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