CN119827211A - High-fidelity sampling method for maintaining in-situ stratum redox state of soil - Google Patents
High-fidelity sampling method for maintaining in-situ stratum redox state of soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供本发明提供一种保持土壤原位地层氧化还原状态的高保真取样方法，包括以下步骤：步骤10，钻探至地下水埋深深度位置，在地下水水位以上形成预成孔；步骤20，将防护套管安装到预成孔中，向防护套管内通入惰性气体，直至防护套管的内腔中充满惰性气体；步骤30，采用高保真取样钻具，穿过防护套管向下采集得到地下水水位以下的预定深度范围内的土壤样品。本发明提供的一种保持土壤原位地层氧化还原状态的高保真取样方法，能够实现地下水水位以下土壤样品的高保真采集，保持土壤原位地层氧化还原电位。
The present invention provides a high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the redox state of the in-situ formation of soil, comprising the following steps: step 10, drilling to the depth of groundwater, forming a pre-formed hole above the groundwater level; step 20, installing a protective casing into the pre-formed hole, and introducing an inert gas into the protective casing until the inner cavity of the protective casing is filled with the inert gas; step 30, using a high-fidelity sampling drill, passing through the protective casing downward to obtain a soil sample within a predetermined depth range below the groundwater level. The high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the redox state of the in-situ formation of soil provided by the present invention can achieve high-fidelity collection of soil samples below the groundwater level and maintain the redox potential of the in-situ formation of soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollution control and treatment, and particularly relates to a high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining a soil in-situ stratum redox state.
Background
The soil sample which is consistent with the oxidation-reduction potential of the in-situ stratum is obtained and is the basis for the full life cycle management of pollution plots such as pollution field investigation, management and control, treatment and repair, safety utilization and the like. However, conventional hydrostatic, vibratory and rotary sampling drills have large turbulence during sampling and the sample is rapidly exposed to atmospheric oxygen during collection or after removal from the sampling drill. This can cause oxidation of organic carbon, ferrous iron, divalent manganese, etc. components in the soil, thereby altering the redox state of the soil and causing a difference in the redox potential of the sample collected from the in situ formation. The change of the oxidation-reduction potential of the soil can influence the metabolic process of microorganisms, so that the biological community structure of the soil and the underground water is changed, and the conversion of heavy metals and organic matters is influenced. On the other hand, certain components in the soil can undergo chemical reaction under the oxidation action of oxygen in the air, so that the chemical morphology of clay minerals on the surface of soil particles is changed, and the migration process of heavy metals and organic matters in the soil and underground water is further influenced. At present, a sampling method capable of effectively keeping the redox potential of the saturated zone soil below the groundwater level is not available, and a high-fidelity soil sample consistent with the redox potential of the in-situ stratum is difficult to obtain, so that the efficient development of pollution site treatment work is greatly hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the in-situ stratum oxidation-reduction state of soil, which can realize high-fidelity collection of soil samples below the groundwater level and maintain the in-situ stratum oxidation-reduction potential of the soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the oxidation-reduction state of a soil in-situ stratum, which comprises the following steps:
Step 10, drilling to the position of the buried depth of the underground water, and forming a pre-hole above the water level of the underground water;
Step 20, installing the protective sleeve into the pre-hole, and introducing inert gas from an inlet of a fourth gas transmission channel of the protective sleeve until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 2-4 times of the volume of an inner cavity of the protective sleeve;
Step 30, adopting a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool, installing a first drill rod at the top end of the drilling main body, and loading the drilling main body into the protective sleeve from the top end of the protective sleeve, wherein if the bottom end of the drilling main body reaches the position of the buried depth of underground water and the bottom end of the first drill rod is positioned near the ground, executing step 40;
Step 40 specifically includes:
Step 401, installing a propulsion main body at the top end of a first drill rod, and separating a cover body of the propulsion main body from a hollow pipe body, wherein a1 st sampling pipe is installed from the top end of the hollow pipe body, so that the 1 st sampling pipe is positioned in an inner cavity of the first drill rod;
step 402, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the volume of an inner cavity of the first drill rod;
Step 403, pushing down the pushing main body, enabling the first drill rod to move downwards, enabling the soil sample to enter a 1 st sampling tube, and filling the 1 st sampling tube with the soil sample when the first drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum;
Step 404, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the first drill rod, and taking out the 1 st sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain a 1 st section soil sample below the groundwater level;
Step 405, installing a propulsion main body at the top end of the nth second drill rod, and separating a cover body of the propulsion main body from the hollow pipe body, and installing an (n+1) th sampling pipe provided with an n ejector rod from the top end of the hollow pipe body, so that the (n+1) th sampling pipe is positioned in an inner cavity of the first drill rod;
Step 406, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the sum of the volumes of the inner cavities of the n second drill rods and the 1 first drill rod;
Step 407, pushing down the pushing main body, moving the second drill rod and the first drill rod downwards, enabling the soil sample to enter an n+1th sampling tube, and filling the n+1th sampling tube with the soil sample when the n second drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum;
Step 408, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the nth second drill rod, and taking out the (n+1) th sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain an (n+1) th section soil sample below the groundwater level;
Step 409, installing an n+1th second drill rod at the top end of the n second drill rod, increasing the value of n by 1, repeating the steps 405-408 until the soil sample in the preset depth range is taken out, and executing the step 60;
Step 50, specifically includes:
Step 501, sequentially installing a1 st second drill rod, a 2 nd second drill rod, a3 rd second drill rod, an m+1 th second drill rod, and a p=1, wherein m is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
Step 502, installing a propulsion main body at the top end of the m+p second drill rods, and separating a cover body of the propulsion main body from the hollow pipe body;
Step 503, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the sum of the volumes of inner cavities of m+p second drill pipes and 1 first drill pipe;
step 504, pushing down the pushing main body, wherein the m+p second drill rods and the first drill rods move downwards, the soil sample enters the p-th sampling tube, and when the m+p second drill rods are all pressed into the stratum, the p-th sampling tube is filled with the soil sample;
Step 505, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the (m+p) th second drill rod, and taking out the (p) th sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain a (p) th section soil sample below the groundwater level;
step 506, installing an m+p+1 second drill rod at the top end of the m+p second drill rod, increasing the value of p by 1, repeating the steps 502-505 until the soil sample in the preset depth range is taken out, and executing the step 60;
and 60, taking the high-fidelity sampling drilling tool out of the stratum, taking out the protective sleeve, and sealing the pre-hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, after the protective sleeve is installed, the top end of the protective sleeve is positioned above the ground, the distance between the top end of the protective sleeve and the ground is 0.1-0.3 m, and the bottom end of the protective sleeve is positioned below the groundwater level, and the distance between the bottom end of the protective sleeve and the groundwater level is 0.2-0.5 m.
As a further development of the invention, the diameter of the protective sleeve is equal to the diameter of the pre-hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diameter of the pre-formed hole is 5-10 times of the diameter of the pre-set sampling soil core.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step 10, drilling is performed using a auger stem to form the pre-hole.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step 10, drilling is performed to form a pre-hole by using a high-fidelity sampling drill.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the drilling is performed by using a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool to form a pre-hole, which specifically comprises:
Step 101, installing a first drill rod at the top end of a drilling main body, loading a1 st sampling tube into the first drill rod, and then installing a pushing main body at the top end of the first drill rod, pressing down the pushing main body, moving the first drill rod downwards, enabling soil to enter the 1 st sampling tube, filling the 1 st sampling tube with the soil when the first drill rod is completely pressed into a stratum, separating the pushing main body from the first drill rod, and taking out the 1 st sampling tube filled with the soil;
102, installing a1 st second drill rod at the top end of a first drill rod, installing a2 nd sampling pipe provided with a1 st ejector rod into the first drill rod, and then installing a propulsion main body at the top end of the 1 st second drill rod;
Step 103, installing a 2 nd second drill rod at the top end of the 1 st second drill rod, loading a3 rd sampling tube provided with 2 ejector rods into the first drill rod, and then installing a pushing main body at the top end of the 2 nd second drill rod, pushing down the pushing main body, enabling the 1 st second drill rod to move downwards, enabling soil to enter the 2 nd sampling tube, and fully filling the 2 nd sampling tube with the soil when the 2 nd second drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum;
104, sequentially adding a second drill rod, and replacing a sampling tube every time when the second drill rod is added until the bottom end of the drilling main body is positioned at the buried depth of the underground water;
and 105, taking the high-fidelity sampling drilling tool out of the stratum to form a pre-hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, before the sampling tube is installed in the first drill rod, inert gas is introduced into the sampling tube until the sampling tube is filled with the inert gas.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the in-situ stratum redox state of the soil provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly drilling to the position of the buried depth of the underground water, and forming a pre-pore above the water level of the underground water; then installing a protective sleeve in the pre-hole, and introducing inert gas into the protective sleeve; finally, collecting soil samples below the groundwater level by using a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool; during sampling, the drilling main body, the first drill rod, the plurality of second drill rods and the propelling main body are sequentially connected from bottom to top, a sampling tube filled with inert gas is installed in the first drill rod, inert gas is introduced from the inlet of the third gas transmission channel of the propelling main body, the inert gas sequentially enters the sampling cavity through the third gas transmission channel of the propelling main body, the second gas transmission channel of the second drill rod and the first gas transmission channel of the first drill rod, so that the sampling cavity is filled with the inert gas, soil below the drilling main body is isolated from the atmosphere, the drilling machine pushes the propelling main body, the first drill rod and the second drill rod downwards, a soil sample enters the sampling tube, the soil sample in the sampling tube is always not contacted with the atmosphere, the sampling tube is replaced by a new sampling tube after the sampling tube is filled, the inert gas is introduced from the inlet of the third gas transmission channel of the propelling main body again, the inert gas sequentially enters the sampling cavity through the third gas transmission channel of the propelling main body, the second gas transmission channel of the second drill rod and the first gas transmission channel of the first drill rod, so that the sampling cavity is filled with the inert gas, the soil below the drilling main body is isolated from the atmosphere, the soil sample is pushed downwards, the soil sample is always kept from the soil sample is not contacted with the atmosphere, the soil sample is not pushed downwards, the soil sample is not pushed into the soil sample is always and the soil sample is not pushed to be in the soil sample, and the soil sample is not in the soil is in the sampling sample, and the soil is in the sampling sample is in the sampling condition or the soil is in the sampling mode and the sample is not in the air and the air is not sampling air and the air is not in the air and the air is not air and the air and the air is not air and the air and is air and the air and the, in the collection process, the soil below the drilling main body is always kept to be effectively isolated from the atmosphere, the oxidation-reduction potential of the saturated zone soil below the groundwater level is effectively kept, and the high-fidelity collection of the soil sample is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a subterranean formation after installation of a protective casing in a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first drill pipe in a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a first drill pipe according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a first drill rod according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second drill pipe in a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a second drill pipe in the method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of a second drill rod in the method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a pusher body in a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a hollow tubular body of a propulsion body in a method of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a hollow tubular body of a propulsion body in accordance with the method of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a drilling body in a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, a first hollow rod body 110, a first gas transmission channel 111, a first gas guide groove 112, a second sealing ring 113, a first sealing ring 114, a first one-way valve 115, a second hollow rod body 120, a second gas transmission channel 121, a second gas guide groove 122, a third gas guide groove 123, a third sealing ring 124, a fourth sealing ring 125, a third gas transmission channel 21, a cover body 20, a hollow pipe body 22, a fourth gas guide groove 23, a fifth sealing ring 24, a sixth sealing ring 25, a second one-way valve 26, a conical hollow drill bit 31, a seventh sealing ring 32, a protective sleeve 13, a fourth gas transmission channel 131, a groundwater level 3 and a ground 4 are shown.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical scheme of the invention in detail.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-fidelity sampling method for keeping the in-situ stratum redox state of soil, which adopts a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool. The high-fidelity sampling drilling tool comprises a drilling main body, a first drill rod, a second drill rod and a propelling main body, wherein the first drill rod, the second drill rod and the propelling main body are all provided with inner cavities. The first drill rod is provided with a first gas transmission channel 111 communicated with the inner cavity of the first drill rod, the second drill rod is provided with a second gas transmission channel 121, and the propulsion main body is provided with a third gas transmission channel 21. The high-fidelity sampling drilling tool provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a sampling tube and a mandril. When the device is used, the drilling main body, the plurality of second drill rods, the first drill rod and the propelling main body are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the inner cavities of the drilling main body, the plurality of second drill rods, the first drill rod and the propelling main body are sequentially communicated to form a sampling cavity, and the third gas transmission channel 21, the second gas transmission channel 121, the first gas transmission channel 111 and the sampling cavity are sequentially communicated. The sampling tube is installed in the inner cavity of the first drill rod. Wherein the number of second drill rods and ejector rods is determined according to the on-site acquisition depth. Preferably, the length of the sampling tube, the length of the first drill rod, the length of the second drill rod and the length of the ejector rod are all equal, and then the number of the second drill rods is equal to the number of the ejector rods.
As shown in fig. 11, the drilling body comprises a conical hollow drill bit 31, wherein threads are arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the conical hollow drill bit 31, a circle of limiting protrusions are arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the conical hollow drill bit, and a circle of seventh sealing rings 32 are arranged on the upper surface of the limiting protrusions.
As shown in fig. 2, the first drill rod includes a first hollow rod body 110, one end (bottom end) of the first hollow rod body 110 is provided with a first threaded boss for connection with a drilling body, and the other end (top end) of the first hollow rod body is provided with a second threaded boss for connection with a second drill rod. When the screw thread protruding head is used, the first screw thread protruding head is inserted into the conical hollow drill bit and is in threaded connection with the conical hollow drill bit, and the bottom end of the first screw thread protruding head is abutted to the limiting protrusion. The inlet of the first gas transmission channel 111 is located on the end face of the second screw boss, and the outlet is located on the inner wall face of the first screw boss. The outlet of the first gas transmission channel 111 is provided with a first one-way valve 115, which only allows the gas in the first gas transmission channel 111 to flow outwards, but does not allow the gas to enter the first gas transmission channel 111. The soil gas containing pollutants in the stratum can be effectively prevented from entering the first gas transmission channel 111, and the pollutant gas can be adsorbed on the surface of the first gas transmission channel 111 after entering to pollute the first gas transmission channel 111.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, a half circle of first air guide grooves 112 are arranged on the end surface of the second screw thread protruding head along the circumferential direction of the inner cavity, and the first air guide grooves 112 are communicated with the inlet of the first air conveying channel.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, two circles of second sealing rings 113 are arranged on the end surface of the second threaded raised head, and the inlet of the first gas transmission channel is positioned between the two circles of second sealing rings. As shown in fig. 4, a ring of first sealing rings 114 is provided on the end surface of the first threaded nose. After the first drill rod is connected with the drilling main body, the first sealing ring 114 is matched with the seventh sealing ring 32, so that underground water can be prevented from entering the cavity of the first drill rod through the joint between the first threaded protruding head and the drilling main body, and meanwhile, the polluted gas dissolved in the underground water can be prevented from entering the cavity of the drill rod, so that the inner wall of the drill rod is polluted.
As a preferred example, as shown in fig. 5, the second drill rod includes a second hollow rod body 120, and one end (bottom end) of the second hollow rod body 120 is provided with a first threaded groove for connecting with the first drill rod, and the first threaded groove is adapted to the second threaded protruding head. The other end (top end) of the second hollow rod body 120 is provided with a third screw thread protrusion adapted to the first screw thread groove, so that a plurality of second hollow rod bodies 120 can be sequentially connected. The inlet of the second gas delivery passage 121 is positioned on the end surface of the third screw boss, and the outlet is positioned on the groove bottom surface of the first screw groove.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, a half circle of second air guide grooves 122 are arranged on the end surface of the third screw thread protruding head along the circumferential direction of the inner cavity, and the second air guide grooves 122 are communicated with the inlet of the second air transmission channel. As shown in fig. 7, a half circle of third air guide grooves 123 are arranged on the groove bottom surface of the first thread groove along the circumferential direction of the inner cavity, and the third air guide grooves 123 are communicated with the outlet of the second air transmission channel. When the second drill rod is connected with the first drill rod, the first air guide groove 112 is correspondingly communicated with the third air guide groove 123, the first air conveying channel 111 of the first drill rod is communicated with the first air guide groove 112, and the second air conveying channel 121 of the second drill rod is communicated with the third air guide groove, so that even if the inlet of the first air conveying channel of the first drill rod is not opposite to the outlet of the second air conveying channel of the second drill rod, the communication of the first air conveying channel and the second air conveying channel can be ensured, and good transmission of inert gas can be performed. When two adjacent second drilling rods are connected, the second air guide grooves 122 are correspondingly communicated with the third air guide grooves 123, the second air transmission channels 121 on the second drilling rods above are communicated with the third air guide grooves 123, and the second air transmission channels 121 on the second drilling rods below are communicated with the second air guide grooves, so that even if the outlets and inlets of the second air transmission channels of the two adjacent first drilling rods are not opposite, the second air transmission channels of the two adjacent second drilling rods can be communicated, and good transmission of inert gas can be performed.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, two circles of third sealing rings 124 are arranged on the end surface of the third threaded raised head, and the inlet of the second gas transmission channel is positioned between the two circles of third sealing rings 124. As shown in fig. 7, two circles of fourth sealing rings 125 are arranged on the bottom surface of the first thread groove, and the outlet of the second gas transmission channel is positioned between the two circles of fourth sealing rings 125. After the first drilling rod is connected with the second drilling rod, two circles of second sealing rings are matched with two circles of fourth sealing rings, after two adjacent second drilling rods are connected, two circles of third sealing rings are matched with two circles of fourth sealing rings, inert gas is prevented from leaking at the joint of the threaded raised head or the threaded groove, the inert gas flow at the gas outlet of the first drilling rod is small or no gas is discharged, and therefore the expected effect of removing air in the cavity of the drilling rod cannot be achieved.
As shown in fig. 8, the pushing body includes a cover 20 and a hollow pipe 22, the end surface of the cover 20 is provided with a protrusion for being inserted into one end (top end) of the hollow pipe 22, the other end (bottom end) of the hollow pipe 22 is provided with a second threaded groove for being connected with a second drill rod, and the second threaded groove is matched with the third threaded protrusion. The inlet of the third gas transmission channel 21 is positioned on the outer wall surface of the hollow pipe body, and the outlet is positioned on the groove bottom surface of the second thread groove. The cover body 20 of the pushing main body and the hollow pipe body 22 are detachably connected, so that the cover body 20 can be conveniently inserted and pulled out, high-quality completion of the operation processes such as air evacuation, sampling pipe taking out and the like in the cavity of the drill rod is guaranteed, and the sampling efficiency is remarkably improved. The inlet of the third gas transmission channel is provided with a second one-way valve 26 which only allows the exogenous gas to enter the third gas transmission channel 21 and does not allow the gas in the third gas transmission channel 21 to flow outwards. After the propulsion main body, the second drill body and the first drill body are connected, the second one-way valve 26 is matched with the first one-way valve 115 for use, so that the entry of soil gas containing pollutants in the stratum into the gas transmission channel can be effectively avoided, and the pollution of the gas transmission channel caused by the fact that the polluted gas is adsorbed on the surface of the gas transmission channel after entering the stratum can be prevented.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, a half circle of fourth air guide groove 23 is arranged on the groove bottom surface of the second thread groove along the circumferential direction of the inner cavity of the hollow pipe body, and the fourth air guide groove 23 is communicated with the outlet of the third air transmission channel. The propulsion main body is connected with the second drill rod, the fourth air guide groove 23 is correspondingly communicated with the second air guide groove 122, the third air transmission channel 21 of the propulsion main body is communicated with the fourth air guide groove 23, and the second air transmission channel 121 of the second drill rod is communicated with the second air guide groove, so that even if the outlet of the third air transmission channel is not opposite to the inlet of the second air transmission channel, the communication of the third air transmission channel and the second air transmission channel can be ensured, and the good transmission of inert gas can be performed.
In the sampling process, the two ends of the drill rods are easy to adhere to polluted soil to cause the blockage of the air guide grooves, and distilled water is needed to be used for cleaning on site, so that in order to improve the sampling effect, all the air guide grooves are arranged to be half circles on the premise of ensuring the complete communication of the air transmission channels between two adjacent drill rods.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, a ring of fifth sealing rings 24 is provided on the end surface of the hollow tube body. After the cover 20 is connected with the hollow tube 22, the fifth sealing ring can prevent inert gas from leaking from the connection part of the cover and the hollow tube, so that the flow rate of the inert gas entering the sampling cavity is reduced. As shown in fig. 10, two circles of sixth sealing rings 25 are arranged on the groove bottom surface of the second thread groove, and the outlet of the third gas transmission channel is positioned between the two circles of sixth sealing rings 25. After the second drill rod is connected with the propulsion main body, the two circles of third sealing rings and the two circles of sixth sealing rings are matched, so that inert gas is prevented from leaking at the joint of the threaded raised heads or the threaded grooves, the inert gas flow at the gas outlet of the first drill rod is small or no gas is discharged, and the expected effect of exhausting air in the cavity of the drill rod cannot be achieved.
According to the high-fidelity sampling drilling tool provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first drill rod and the second drill rod are adopted, and the first drill rod is mainly used for fixing and protecting the sampling tube, so that the sampling tube is not deformed and damaged in the sampling process, and therefore, the material requirement of the first drill rod is higher, and the strength and the rigidity of the first drill rod are ensured. The conical hollow drill bit 31 is easy to deform or damage in the use process, the lower end of the first drill rod is set to be in the form of a threaded protruding head for convenient and rapid replacement, the first drill rod is connected with a drilling main body by being inserted into the conical hollow drill bit, the situation that the conical hollow drill bit 31 cannot be taken out due to being embedded into the lower end of the first drill rod after being damaged can be effectively avoided, and then the first drill rod is damaged is caused, so that the equipment maintenance cost in the sampling process is reduced. The second drill rod is mainly used for connecting the first drill rod and the propelling main body, and the load of the power unit of the drilling machine and the soil layer effect of the second drill rod are obviously lower than those of the first drill rod, so that the strength and rigidity requirements of the second drill rod are lower than those of the first drill rod. In addition, the second drilling rod bears the biggest position of knocking load and is the top position of being connected with advancing the main part, consequently designs the top position of second drilling rod into the form of screw thread protruding head, compares with adopting the screw thread recess, can effectively avoid advancing the damaged back of main part and can't take out the condition because of the top of nested second drilling rod, reduces the equipment maintenance cost in the sampling process.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-fidelity sampling method for maintaining the oxidation-reduction state of a soil in-situ stratum, which comprises the following steps:
and 10, drilling to the position of the buried depth of the underground water, and forming a pre-hole above the water level of the underground water.
The soil near the depth of underground water burial has various microorganism types, and has aerobic and anaerobic microorganism communities, so that the microorganism communities have complex structures. Before collecting soil samples below the groundwater level, pre-pore-forming is formed above the groundwater level, so that the compression effect of the shallow unsaturated soil collection process on stratum in the depth range can be avoided, the change of soil pore structure is caused, and the redox state of the collected soil samples is further influenced.
Preferably, the diameter of the pre-formed hole is 5-10 times of the diameter of the pre-set sampling soil core. Through reasonable setting of the diameter of pre-pore, the compression effect of the collection process of soil to stratum in this degree of depth within range can be effectively avoided, simultaneously reduce because the pre-pore excavates the earth stress release and the deformation of the soil layer near groundwater buried depth that causes, keep the original state of normal position stratum. Too small a diameter of the pre-pore may result in insufficient formation stress adjustment during the pre-pore process, and too large a diameter may result in reduced sampling efficiency.
There are various schemes for forming the pre-hole, the first of which is drilling with a auger stem to form the pre-hole.
In a second scheme, a high-fidelity sampling drill is used for drilling to form a pre-hole.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 101, installing a first drill rod at the top end of a drilling main body, installing a1 st sampling tube into the first drill rod, installing a pushing main body at the top end of the first drill rod, pushing down the pushing main body, enabling the first drill rod to move downwards, enabling soil to enter the 1 st sampling tube, enabling the 1 st sampling tube to be filled with the soil when the first drill rod is fully pressed into a stratum, separating the pushing main body from the first drill rod, and taking out the 1 st sampling tube filled with the soil.
102, Installing a 1 st second drill rod at the top end of the first drill rod, installing a 2 nd sampling tube provided with a 1 st ejector rod into the first drill rod, then installing a pushing main body at the top end of the 1 st second drill rod, pushing down the pushing main body, enabling the 1 st second drill rod to move downwards, enabling soil to enter the 2 nd sampling tube, filling the 2 nd sampling tube with the soil when the 2 nd second drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum, separating the pushing main body from the 1 st second drill rod, and taking out the 2 nd sampling tube filled with the soil.
Step 103, installing a 2 nd second drill rod at the top end of the 1 st second drill rod, loading a3 rd sampling tube provided with 2 ejector rods into the first drill rod, then installing a pushing main body at the top end of the 2 nd second drill rod, pushing down the pushing main body, enabling the 1 st second drill rod to move downwards, enabling soil to enter the 2 nd sampling tube, filling the 2 nd sampling tube with the soil when the 2 nd second drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum, separating the pushing main body from the 1 st second drill rod, and taking out the 2 nd sampling tube filled with the soil.
Step 104, sequentially adding second drill rods, replacing a sampling tube every time one second drill rod is added, pressing the added second drill rod into the stratum, and taking out the sampling tube filled with the soil sample until the bottom end of the drilling main body is located at the buried depth of the underground water.
And 105, taking the high-fidelity sampling drilling tool out of the stratum to form a pre-hole.
Step 20, as shown in fig. 1, installs the protective sleeve 13 into the pre-hole. As shown in fig. 1, the protective sleeve 13 is provided with a fourth air conveying channel 131, an inlet of the fourth air conveying channel 131 is positioned on the top end outer wall surface of the protective sleeve 13, and an outlet of the fourth air conveying channel is positioned on the bottom end inner wall surface. And bentonite slurry is filled between the outer side of the protective sleeve and the pre-hole, so that the air-tight effect is prevented from weakening due to shaking of the protective sleeve 13 in a soil layer.
Preferably, the diameter of the protective sleeve 13 is equal to the theoretical as built diameter of the pre-hole.
Preferably, after the protective sleeve 13 is installed, as shown in fig. 1, the top end of the protective sleeve 13 is located above the ground, and the distance between the top end of the protective sleeve 13 and the ground 4 is 0.1-0.3 m. The top end of the protective sleeve is higher than the ground, so that the soil around the sampling point can be effectively prevented from falling into the pre-hole, and pollution is caused to the soil of the in-situ stratum. In addition, the distance between the top end of the protective sleeve 13 and the ground 4 can provide a sufficient operation space for the inlet design of the fourth gas transmission channel 131 and the subsequent feeding of inert gas.
The bottom end of the protective sleeve 13 is located below the groundwater level 3, and the distance between the protective sleeve and the groundwater level is 0.2-0.5 m. The bottom end of the protective sleeve 13 is embedded to a certain distance below the groundwater level, so that the obvious change of a soil pore structure in the soil collection process near the groundwater burial depth can be effectively avoided, and the redox state of the collected soil sample is maintained.
And introducing inert gas from the inlet of the fourth gas transmission channel 131 of the protective sleeve 13 until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 2-4 times of the volume of the inner cavity of the protective sleeve. The protective sleeve is filled with inert gas, so that the contact between the soil near the buried depth of the underground water and the atmosphere is avoided, and the oxidation-reduction state of the soil near the buried depth of the underground water is maintained.
And 30, adopting a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool, installing a first drill rod at the top end of the drilling main body, and loading the drilling main body into the protective sleeve from the top end of the protective sleeve. If the bottom end of the drilling body reaches the point of the depth of the groundwater burial and the bottom end of the first drill pipe is located near the surface, step 40 is performed. Otherwise, step 50 is performed.
Step 40 specifically includes:
and step 401, installing a pushing main body at the top end of the first drill rod, and separating a cover body of the pushing main body from the hollow pipe body. And loading the 1 st sampling tube from the top end of the hollow tube body, so that the 1 st sampling tube is positioned in the inner cavity of the first drill rod.
And step 402, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the volume of the inner cavity of the first drill rod. The cover body of the pushing main body is arranged at the top end of the hollow pipe body.
Step 403, pushing down the pushing body, moving the first drill rod downwards, and enabling the soil sample to enter the 1 st sampling tube, wherein the 1 st sampling tube is filled with the soil sample when the first drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum.
And step 404, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the first drill rod, and taking out the 1 st sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain the 1 st section soil sample below the groundwater level. And the 1 st second drill rod is arranged at the top end of the first drill rod. n=1.
And 405, installing a pushing main body at the top end of the nth second drill rod, and separating a cover body of the pushing main body from the hollow pipe body. And loading the (n+1) th sampling tube provided with the n ejector rods from the top end of the hollow tube body, so that the (n+1) th sampling tube is positioned in the inner cavity of the first drill rod.
And 406, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the sum of the volumes of the inner cavities of the n second drill rods and the 1 first drill rod. The cover body of the pushing main body is arranged at the top end of the hollow pipe body.
In step 407, the pushing body is pushed down, the second drill rod and the first drill rod move downwards, the soil sample enters the n+1th sampling tube, and when the n second drill rod is fully pressed into the stratum, the n+1th sampling tube is filled with the soil sample.
And 408, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the nth second drill rod, and taking out the (n+1) th sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain the (n+1) th section of soil sample below the groundwater level.
And 409, installing an n+1th second drill rod at the top end of the n second drill rod. The value of n is increased by 1. And repeating the steps 405-408 until the soil sample in the preset depth range is taken out. Step 60 is performed.
Step 50, specifically includes:
And 501, sequentially installing a1 st second drill rod, a2 nd second drill rod, a 3 rd second drill rod, an m+1 th second drill rod, and the m+1 th second drill rod until the bottom end of the drilling main body reaches the position of the buried depth of the underground water, wherein the bottom end of the m+1 th second drill rod is positioned near the ground. Wherein m is an integer of 0 or more. p=1.
And 502, installing a propelling body at the top end of the (m+p) th second drill rod, and separating a cover body of the propelling body from the hollow pipe body. And loading the p-th sampling tube provided with the m+p ejector rods from the top end of the hollow tube body, so that the p-th sampling tube is positioned in the inner cavity of the first drill rod.
And 503, introducing inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body until the volume of the introduced inert gas is 3-5 times of the sum of the volumes of the inner cavities of the m+p second drill rods and the 1 first drill rods. The cover body of the pushing main body is arranged at the top end of the hollow pipe body.
And 504, pushing down the pushing body, and moving the m+p second drill rods and the first drill rods downwards, wherein the soil sample enters the p-th sampling tube, and the p-th sampling tube is filled with the soil sample when the m+p second drill rods are fully pressed into the stratum.
And 505, separating the propulsion main body from the top end of the (m+p) th second drill rod, and taking out the (p) th sampling tube filled with the soil sample to obtain a (p) th section soil sample below the groundwater level.
And step 506, installing the (m+p+1) th second drill pipes on the top ends of the (m+p) th second drill pipes. The value of p is increased by 1. And repeating the steps 502-505 until the soil sample in the preset depth range is taken out. Step 60 is performed.
And 60, taking the high-fidelity sampling drilling tool out of the stratum, taking out the protective sleeve (13), and sealing the pre-hole.
The invention provides a high-fidelity sampling method for keeping the oxidation-reduction state of a soil in-situ stratum, which comprises the steps of firstly drilling to a position above the ground water burial depth to form a pre-pore, then installing a protective sleeve in the pre-pore, introducing inert gas into the protective sleeve, finally adopting a high-fidelity sampling drilling tool to collect soil samples below the ground water level, sequentially connecting a drilling main body, a first drill rod, N second drill rods and a propulsion main body from bottom to top during sampling, installing a sampling pipe filled with the inert gas into the first drill rod, introducing the inert gas from an inlet of a third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body, sequentially introducing the inert gas into a sampling cavity through the third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body, a second gas transmission channel of the second drill rod and the first gas transmission channel of the first drill rod, filling the inert gas into the sampling cavity, isolating the soil below the drilling main body from the atmosphere, pushing the main body, gradually moving downwards, enabling the soil samples to enter the sampling main body, always keeping the soil samples in the sampling pipe from contact with the atmosphere, continuously increasing the depth of the sampling pipe from bottom to the third gas transmission channel of the propulsion main body, continuously increasing the depth of the first drill rod and the first gas transmission channel of the first drill rod, continuously sealing the inert gas transmission channel of the sampling cavity, continuously and continuously sealing the soil sample in the sampling cavity from the first gas transmission channel of the first drill rod, and continuously sealing the soil sample in the sampling cavity, effectively maintains the oxidation-reduction potential of the saturated zone soil under the groundwater level, and realizes the high-fidelity collection of the soil sample.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that the above specific embodiments and descriptions are provided for further illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
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| CN103424281A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Novel in-situ continuous sampling apparatus for wetland soil interstitial water |
| US20150247787A1 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2015-09-03 | Allan James Yeomans | Method of and apparatus for determining the carbon content of soils |
| CN105548481A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 南京索益盟环保科技有限公司 | Method for monitoring soil gas by field surveying |
| CN107884358A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 成都恒力达科技有限公司 | A kind of portable soil nutrient detection means |
| CN110793819A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-14 | 上海环境绿色生态修复科技有限公司 | Active soil gas sampling device for shallow groundwater depths |
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- 2025-02-14 CN CN202510164501.1A patent/CN119827211A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103424281A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Novel in-situ continuous sampling apparatus for wetland soil interstitial water |
| US20150247787A1 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2015-09-03 | Allan James Yeomans | Method of and apparatus for determining the carbon content of soils |
| CN105548481A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-04 | 南京索益盟环保科技有限公司 | Method for monitoring soil gas by field surveying |
| CN107884358A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 成都恒力达科技有限公司 | A kind of portable soil nutrient detection means |
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