CN119814892A - A method and system for converting substation protocols into standardized format - Google Patents
A method and system for converting substation protocols into standardized format Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种变电站协议标准化转换方法及系统包括：获取目标变电站数据包，并对数据包进行第一预处理；建立第一判断模型，根据第一判断模型对第一预处理结果进行第一判断；对满足第一判断结果的第一预处理结果进行第二预处理，完成变电站协议标准化转换。不仅适用于变电站内不同类型的协议转换，同时适用于同一类型的旧协议与新协议之间的转换，以及不确定协议或非标协议与标准协议之间的转换，适用范围广，实用性强。
The present invention discloses a substation protocol standardization conversion method and system, including: obtaining a target substation data packet, and performing a first preprocessing on the data packet; establishing a first judgment model, and performing a first judgment on the first preprocessing result according to the first judgment model; performing a second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result that meets the first judgment result, and completing the substation protocol standardization conversion. The method is not only applicable to different types of protocol conversions in a substation, but also applicable to the conversion between old protocols and new protocols of the same type, and the conversion between uncertain protocols or non-standard protocols and standard protocols, and has a wide range of applications and strong practicality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of standardized conversion of transformer substation protocols, in particular to a standardized conversion method and system of transformer substation protocols.
Background
The standardized transformer substation protocol refers to a process of unifying and standardizing communication protocols between various devices and systems in a transformer substation, and aims to ensure that devices produced by different manufacturers can communicate and interoperate with each other, so that the reliability and efficiency of the transformer substation are improved, and the standardized transformer substation protocol conversion device is a device for an automation system of the transformer substation, and has the main function of realizing conversion between different communication protocols.
Because a large number of different types of protocols exist in the transformer substation, including international standard protocols, industry general protocols and protocols customized by equipment manufacturers, the protocols have huge differences in terms of data format, frame structure, communication rules, semantics and the like, when analyzing and converting a data packet, analyzing the whole data packet can lead to mutual mixing of head basic information and tail check information of the data packet, the analysis process of the data packet is affected, when the data flow is large, a conversion device can not complete protocol conversion in time due to insufficient processing speed, delay is generated, the quick response capability of the whole transformer substation system is affected, and in order to improve the instantaneity of protocol conversion, the transformer substation protocol standardization conversion device and method are provided
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a standardized conversion method and system for a transformer substation protocol, which can solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a standardized conversion method for a substation protocol, including:
Acquiring a target substation data packet, and performing first preprocessing on the data packet;
establishing a first judgment model, and carrying out first judgment on a first pretreatment result according to the first judgment model;
and performing second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result to finish the standardized conversion of the transformer substation protocol.
As a preferable scheme of the substation protocol standardization conversion method, the second preprocessing of the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result comprises the following steps:
performing first layering on a first pretreatment result meeting the first judgment result;
performing first data conversion on the first layered result;
and performing second judgment on the result after the first data conversion.
As a preferable scheme of the substation protocol standardization conversion method, the second preprocessing of the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result further comprises:
Performing first encapsulation on the result after the first data conversion meeting the second judgment result;
and carrying out first configuration on the first encapsulation result to complete standardized conversion of the transformer substation protocol.
As a preferable scheme of the substation protocol standardization conversion method, the method comprises the steps of performing first judgment on a first pretreatment result according to the first judgment model, wherein the first judgment comprises the following steps:
the first judgment model is used for carrying out first judgment on a first pretreatment result;
The first judgment is used for judging whether the identification of the target protocol type in the first preprocessing result is correct or not;
the first judgment model is any model capable of realizing first judgment.
As a preferable scheme of the substation protocol standardization conversion method, the method further comprises the following steps of:
The first judgment comprises first segmentation analysis and second tail analysis;
carrying out first segmentation analysis on a first pretreatment result by the first judgment model;
And carrying out second tail analysis on the result after the first segmentation analysis to obtain a first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a substation protocol standardization conversion system, including:
A protocol identification module configured with a first preprocessing function;
A protocol analysis module configured with a first judgment function;
a data conversion module configured with a first hierarchy and a first data conversion function;
and the verification packaging module is configured with a second judging function.
As a preferable scheme of the transformer substation protocol standardization conversion system, the protocol analysis module at least comprises:
A data splitting unit configured with a first segmentation parsing function;
and a data parsing unit configured with a second tail parsing function.
As a preferable scheme of the transformer substation protocol standardization conversion system, the verification packaging module at least comprises:
A data verification unit configured with a second judgment function;
a data encapsulation unit configured with a first encapsulation function.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the method as described above when the processor executes the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the substation protocol standardized conversion method and system have the beneficial effects that the target substation data packet is obtained, the data packet is subjected to first preprocessing, a first judgment model is built, first judgment is conducted on a first preprocessing result according to the first judgment model, second preprocessing is conducted on the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result, and substation protocol standardized conversion is completed. The method comprises the steps of scanning collected transformer substation data packets through a protocol identification module, carrying out primary screening on the data packets through characteristic word identification, carrying out deep analysis on the data packets which cannot be identified through characteristic word identification, identifying the protocol types through a deep packet detection technology, splitting the data packets through a protocol analysis module, establishing multi-field analysis tasks, adopting a communication mode of a message queue between the field analysis tasks and the field analysis tasks, realizing segmented analysis on the data packets, avoiding the phenomenon of data information mixing when the whole data packets are analyzed, simultaneously, providing a set of perfect identification operation stability monitoring and evaluation system through constructing a set of perfect identification operation stability monitoring and evaluation system, improving the accuracy and efficiency of protocol identification, providing powerful support for continuous optimization and improvement of a system, finally realizing stable and efficient operation of network communication, carrying out parallel conversion on the data packets through a data conversion module according to protocol layers when the analyzed data are converted, further distributing the data according to the size of data blocks in each layer, adopting a multi-thread mode to carry out the parallel conversion on the data of different protocol layers, and accelerating the conversion efficiency of the data of the same protocol layer, and the protocol conversion between the data blocks and the protocol types is not applicable to the same protocol, and the protocol types are not applicable to the real-time standard conversion, and the protocol conversion is not applicable to the improvement of the protocol types.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method and a system for standardized conversion of a substation protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an overall system of a standardized conversion method and system for a substation protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a detailed system structure diagram of a standardized conversion method and system of a substation protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a protocol monitoring unit of a standardized conversion method and a standardized conversion system for a substation protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a conversion and encapsulation structure diagram of a standardized conversion method and system for a substation protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an internal structure diagram of a computer device of a substation protocol standardization conversion method and system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-6, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a substation protocol standardization conversion method and system, including:
in the prior art, there are some problems, such as low packet parsing efficiency, poor real-time protocol conversion, etc.
The present application provides a method that can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, and how to implement the substation protocol standardized conversion method will be described in detail below in connection with a plurality of embodiments;
Fig. 1 shows a method flowchart of a substation protocol standardized conversion method and system, including:
s101, acquiring a target substation data packet, and performing first preprocessing on the data packet;
In an alternative embodiment, the target substation data packet is a data packet generated during the operation of the substation containing the feature words, and may include substation equipment status information, fault alarm information, control commands, and the like. The characteristic words are used for identifying the type and the content of the data packet, so that the data packet can be more accurately identified and classified by the system after being preprocessed. For example, a packet of device status information may contain a particular feature word such as "status", while a packet of fault alert information may contain a feature word such as "alarm".
In an alternative embodiment, during the preprocessing stage, the system first decodes the target substation data packet and extracts the feature words in the data packet. Then, the data packets are classified according to the feature words, and the subsequent processing is performed respectively. For example, a data packet of device status information may be sent to the status information processing module, while a data packet of fault alert information may be sent to the fault processing module.
In an alternative embodiment, the system of the present invention employs multi-threading techniques in order to increase the real-time nature of protocol conversion. Each processing module runs on an independent thread, and can process data packets of different categories in parallel. In this way, the system can remain operating efficiently even when the data traffic is large, and bottlenecks due to slow processing by a single module do not occur. For example, the state information processing module and the fault processing module can run simultaneously, and exchange data between the state information processing module and the fault processing module through a thread-safe message queue to ensure that a data packet can be processed in time.
In an alternative embodiment, the first preprocessing means corresponding to the different types of data packets are different, for example, when the substation equipment status information data packet is subjected to the first preprocessing, the steps of removing redundant information, checking the integrity of the data packet and the like may be included, while for the fault alarm information data packet, the critical alarm information may need to be extracted and formatted.
In the embodiment of the application, the first preprocessing at least comprises the operation of identifying characteristic words, namely firstly, the characteristic words in the data packet are scanned to exclude some obviously non-conforming protocol types, and then the deep packet detection technology is used for carrying out deep analysis on the data packet which cannot be identified and determined through the characteristic words to identify the protocol types.
It should be noted that, the data packet of the target substation is obtained, and the first preprocessing is performed on the data packet, so that the data volume of subsequent processing can be effectively reduced, and the processing efficiency of the protocol identification module is improved. Through preliminary screening, data packets which obviously do not belong to a target protocol can be rapidly removed, so that further processing of the data packets is reduced, system resources are saved, and overall protocol conversion speed is increased.
S102, a first judgment model is established, and first judgment is carried out on a first pretreatment result according to the first judgment model;
In the embodiment of the present application, performing a first judgment on a first pretreatment result according to a first judgment model includes:
the first judgment model is used for carrying out first judgment on the first pretreatment result;
the first judgment is used for judging whether the target protocol type identification in the first preprocessing result is correct or not;
The first judgment model is any model capable of realizing the first judgment.
In an alternative embodiment, the first judgment model may be constructed by combining a machine learning algorithm after determining the first judgment content. For example, algorithms such as decision trees, support vector machines, neural networks, etc. may be used to train the model to enable accurate protocol type identification based on the characteristics of the data packet. Through a large amount of historical data training, the model can learn the characteristic modes of different protocol data packets, and can quickly and accurately classify new data packets in practical application.
In an alternative embodiment, the first judgment model may be designed in other ways, for example, a rule base may be constructed based on expert system principles, and feature rules of various protocols are included in the rule base. After the data packet is preprocessed, the system matches the data packet according to rules in the rule base, so that the protocol type of the data packet is identified. The method is particularly suitable for identifying the protocol types with high structuring degree and definite rules.
In an alternative embodiment, a multi-field parsing task may be established to parse and validate to establish a first judgment model, wherein each field parsing task focuses on a particular field in the data packet, such as a source address, a destination address, a port number, a protocol type, and the like. In this way, more detailed analysis of the data packets can be performed, thereby improving the accuracy of protocol identification.
In the embodiment of the present application, the process of constructing and training the first judgment model may be divided into the following steps:
First, a large number of substation data packet samples are collected, and the samples should cover various protocol types so as to ensure the generalization capability of the model;
Then, preprocessing the samples to extract characteristics which are helpful for protocol identification, such as the length of a data packet, the value of a specific field, the structure of the data packet and the like;
next, selecting a proper machine learning algorithm, and training the model by using the extracted features and the corresponding protocol type labels;
After training, evaluating the performance of the model by a cross verification method and the like to ensure that the identification accuracy of the model on unknown data meets the requirement;
And finally, deploying the trained model into a protocol identification module for real-time protocol type identification.
It should be noted that, by using the first judgment model constructed by the machine learning algorithm, the accuracy and efficiency of protocol identification can be significantly improved. Compared with the traditional rule-based identification method, the machine learning model can automatically learn and adapt to the change of the data packet characteristics, so that the novel protocol or the nonstandard protocol possibly occurring in the transformer substation can be better dealt with.
In the embodiment of the present application, performing the first judgment on the first preprocessing result according to the first judgment model further includes:
the first judgment comprises first segmentation analysis and second tail analysis;
carrying out first segmentation analysis on the first pretreatment result by the first judgment model;
And carrying out second tail analysis on the result after the first segmentation analysis to obtain a first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result.
In an alternative embodiment, the first segment parsing and the second tail parsing may be implemented using different parsing techniques, respectively. For example, the first segment parsing may employ a regular expression-based parsing method that can flexibly match and extract key information in the data packet. By defining a series of regular expression rules, accurate field segmentation and content extraction can be performed on the data packet. And the second tail analysis can adopt an analysis method based on pattern matching, and the method identifies the end part of the data packet through a predefined protocol tail pattern so as to ensure the integrity of the data packet.
In an alternative embodiment, the first segment resolution and the second tail resolution may be used in combination to improve accuracy and robustness of the resolution. For example, key fields of the data packet are first extracted by a first segmentation resolution, and then the correctness of these fields is verified by a second tail resolution. If the tail of the data packet is found to be out of the expected protocol format in the second tail resolution, the system may readjust the rules of the first segment resolution to accommodate the change in the data packet. This iterative parsing process helps to improve the accuracy of protocol identification and reduces the likelihood of false positives.
In embodiments of the present application, the implementation of the first segment resolution and the second tail resolution may depend on a high performance resolution engine. The parsing engine may be a specially designed software module or may be a functional component integrated in the protocol identification module. The parsing engine needs to have efficient data processing capability to support real-time parsing of large-scale data packets. In addition, the parsing engine should have good scalability to accommodate new protocols or protocol changes that may occur in the future.
In the embodiment of the present application, the steps of the first segment parsing and the second tail parsing may be further refined as the following operations:
Firstly, carrying out first segmentation analysis on a first preprocessing result, segmenting a data packet according to predefined fields, and extracting values of all the fields;
Then, carrying out second tail analysis on the field values obtained by the first segmentation analysis, and verifying whether the field values meet the format requirements of a target protocol;
If the field value passes the verification of the second tail analysis, the first preprocessing result is considered to be valid, and the subsequent processing steps can be carried out;
If the field value fails the validation of the second tail parsing, then either the rules of the first segment parsing need to be readjusted or a deeper analysis of the packet needs to be performed to determine the correct protocol type.
It should be noted that, by using the combination of the first segmentation analysis and the second tail analysis, accuracy and efficiency of protocol identification can be effectively improved. The method for segmenting and analyzing not only can process the protocol with high structuring degree, but also can process the protocol with complex structure or changeable format. In addition, by continuously optimizing the analysis rules and algorithms, the performance of the system can be further improved, so that the system can adapt to continuously changing network environments and protocol standards.
S103, performing second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result to finish the standardized conversion of the transformer substation protocol.
In the embodiment of the present application, performing the second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result that satisfies the first determination result includes:
performing first layering on a first pretreatment result meeting the first judgment result;
performing first data conversion on the first layered result;
and performing second judgment on the result after the first data conversion.
In an alternative embodiment, the first layering is performed on the first preprocessing result that satisfies the first determination result, and each piece of layered data needs to perform a first data conversion, where the first data conversion is synchronous conversion.
In an alternative embodiment, the first hierarchy and the first data transformation may use different protocol transformation techniques to accommodate the transformation requirements of the different protocol layers. For example, for a transport layer protocol, the conversion may be performed using a TCP/IP protocol stack, while for an application layer protocol, a customized conversion process may be required according to the semantic rules of the particular protocol. In this way, the accuracy and efficiency of the conversion process can be ensured.
In the embodiment of the present application, the related technicians may select the specific means of the first hierarchy and the first data conversion operation according to the actual requirements, which is not limited by the present application.
In the embodiment of the present application, performing the second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result that satisfies the first judgment result further includes:
Performing first encapsulation on the result after the first data conversion meeting the second judgment result;
and carrying out first configuration on the first packaging result to complete standardized conversion of the transformer substation protocol.
In an alternative embodiment, the second determination is to determine whether the format and structure of the converted data are correct, and may be performed by using various methods, for example, using techniques such as regular expression matching, XML Schema verification, and the like to ensure the correctness of the data format. If the data format is incorrect, the system will return an error message and may trigger a reconversion procedure.
In an alternative embodiment, the first encapsulation is to encapsulate the converted data according to the requirements of the target protocol, so as to ensure that the data packet conforms to the format of the target protocol. The encapsulation process may include the steps of adding the necessary header information, padding the data packet to meet the minimum length requirements, calculating and adding a checksum, and the like.
In an alternative embodiment, the first configuration is to configure the encapsulated data packet according to the specific requirements of the target substation, which may include setting specific transmission parameters, adjusting the priority of the data packet, adding secure encryption, etc. After these configurations are completed, the data packets may be sent to the target substation for further processing.
It should be noted that, through the steps, the standardized conversion method and the standardized conversion system for the transformer substation protocol can effectively convert data packets with different sources and formats into a uniform protocol format, thereby realizing efficient communication between different devices and systems in the transformer substation. In addition, the method and the system have good expansibility and adaptability, can adapt to new protocols and protocol changes which possibly occur in the future, and ensure long-term stable operation of the substation communication system.
In summary, according to the transformer substation protocol standardized conversion method and system, the first judgment model is established to perform efficient and accurate protocol identification, and the first preprocessing and the second preprocessing steps are combined, so that rapid and accurate conversion and encapsulation of the data packet are realized, and the efficiency and reliability of transformer substation communication are greatly improved.
Example 2
The embodiment also provides a transformer substation protocol standardized conversion system, which comprises:
A protocol identification module configured with a first preprocessing function;
A protocol analysis module configured with a first judgment function;
a data conversion module configured with a first hierarchy and a first data conversion function;
and the verification packaging module is configured with a second judging function.
In an embodiment of the present application, the protocol parsing module at least includes:
A data splitting unit configured with a first segmentation parsing function;
and a data parsing unit configured with a second tail parsing function.
In an embodiment of the present application, the verification package module at least includes:
A data verification unit configured with a second judgment function;
a data encapsulation unit configured with a first encapsulation function.
In an alternative embodiment, the protocol parsing module may further include:
a data feature unit configured with a feature word recognition function;
A data depth analysis unit configured with a deep packet inspection technique.
In an alternative embodiment, the verification package module may further include:
A data verification unit configured with a data verification function;
a data encapsulation unit configured with a data encapsulation function.
In an alternative embodiment, the data feature unit is used for performing preliminary screening on the collected substation data packets, the protocol type of the data packets is rapidly identified through feature word identification technology, and for those data packets which cannot be identified through feature word identification, the data deep analysis unit uses deep packet detection technology to perform deep analysis so as to ensure accurate identification of the protocol type.
In an alternative embodiment, the data verification unit is responsible for verifying the data packet, so as to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data in the conversion process. The data packaging unit packages the data according to the converted data format, so that the safety and reliability of the data packet in the transmission process are ensured.
In summary, through the cooperative work of the modules, the substation protocol standardization conversion system disclosed by the invention can efficiently and accurately complete the communication protocol conversion between different devices and systems in the substation, so that the integration level and the efficiency of the whole substation automation system are improved, and the reliability and the efficiency of the substation are ensured.
The above unit modules may be embedded in hardware or independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above units.
The embodiment also provides a computer device, which may be a terminal, and an internal structure diagram thereof may be as shown in fig. 6. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface of the computer device is used for carrying out wired or wireless communication with an external terminal, and the wireless mode can be realized through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements a substation protocol standardization conversion method. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be keys, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
Acquiring a target substation data packet, and performing first preprocessing on the data packet;
Establishing a first judgment model, and carrying out first judgment on a first pretreatment result according to the first judgment model;
and performing second preprocessing on the first preprocessing result meeting the first judgment result to finish the standardized conversion of the transformer substation protocol.
Example 3
In a preferred embodiment, the complete system shown in fig. 2-5 is designed to implement the method flow of the present application, wherein the complete system may include a protocol identification module 100, a protocol parsing module 200, a data conversion module 300, and a verification encapsulation module 400, as shown in fig. 2;
In the embodiment of the present application, the protocol identification module 100 firstly identifies the feature word of the collected substation data packet, searches the byte sequence matched with the feature word in the feature word library, identifies the corresponding protocol type, if the feature word identifies the corresponding plurality of protocol types, then carries out deep packet detection on the data packet, uses the deep packet detection technology to judge the binary data structure and the text data structure of the data packet, identifies the corresponding protocol type, and transmits the protocol data packet to the corresponding protocol analysis module 200;
In the embodiment of the application, the protocol analysis module 200 divides the data packet into a plurality of analysis tasks, establishes a multi-field analysis task, adopts a communication mode of a message queue between the field analysis task and the field analysis task to realize the segmentation analysis of the data packet, executes the data load analysis task and the tail verification analysis task according to the information after head analysis, judges the protocol identification by the result of the tail verification analysis task, and if the verification result passes, the integrated analysis result is transmitted to the data conversion module 300, and if the verification result does not pass, the protocol is re-identified;
in the embodiment of the present application, the data conversion module 300 performs layering on the data packet transmitted and analyzed by the protocol analysis module 200 according to the protocol hierarchy, further distributes the data according to the size of the data block in each layer, performs parallel conversion on the data of different protocol layers by adopting a multithreading mode, performs parallel conversion on the different data blocks of the same protocol layer by adopting a multiprocessing mode, and transmits the converted data to the verification encapsulation module 400;
In the embodiment of the present application, the verification encapsulation module 400 uses the specification of the target protocol as a standard, firstly merges the conversion results of the plurality of data block parallel processing units, then performs format and structure verification on the conversion results of each protocol layer parallel processing unit, and encapsulates the converted data according to the frame structure and format requirements of the target protocol.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the protocol identification module 100 includes a feature word identification unit 110, a deep packet inspection unit 120, and a protocol monitoring unit 130;
In the embodiment of the present application, the feature word recognition unit 110 performs byte-by-byte scanning on the collected substation data packet, searches for a byte sequence matched with the feature word in the feature word library, rapidly filters the data packet, eliminates the type of the protocol which does not conform to the data packet, and transmits the protocol which cannot be determined by the feature word recognition to the deep packet inspection unit 120;
In the embodiment of the present application, the deep packet inspection unit 120 analyzes the content of the data packet by using the deep packet inspection technology, analyzes the specific content and behavior characteristics of the protocol, and further identifies the protocol type;
In the embodiment of the present application, the protocol identification module 100 firstly identifies the feature word of the collected substation data packet, searches the byte sequence matched with the feature word in the feature word library, identifies the corresponding protocol type, if the feature word identifies a plurality of corresponding protocol types, carries out deep packet detection on the data packet, uses the deep packet detection technology to judge the binary data structure and the text data structure of the data packet, identifies the corresponding protocol type, and transmits the protocol data packet to the corresponding protocol analysis module 200.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the protocol monitoring unit 130 includes an identification data real-time monitoring component 131, a scanned byte total number extracting component 132, an identification operation stability evaluation coefficient obtaining component 133, a comparing component 134 and an abnormality determining and alarming component 135;
in the embodiment of the present application, the recognition data real-time monitoring component 131 is configured to monitor, in real time, a recognition response duration corresponding to a byte scanning start time to a protocol transmission start time in each recognition process of the feature word recognition unit 110;
in the embodiment of the present application, the total number of scanned bytes extracting component 132 is configured to extract the total number of scanned bytes in each recognition process of the feature word recognition unit 110;
In the embodiment of the present application, the recognition operation stability evaluation coefficient obtaining component 133 is configured to obtain a recognition operation stability evaluation coefficient by using a corresponding recognition response duration and a total number of scanned bytes in each recognition process of the feature word recognition unit 110;
In an alternative embodiment, the identified operational stability rating factor is obtained by the following formula:
wherein H represents an evaluation coefficient of the recognition operation stability, n represents the total number of times of recognition by the feature word recognition unit 110, T i represents a recognition response time corresponding to the i-th recognition, T i+1 represents a recognition response time corresponding to the i+1st recognition, T c represents a preset recognition response time reference value, L represents a first adjustment coefficient, s represents a second adjustment coefficient, and k represents a third adjustment coefficient;
in an alternative embodiment, the first adjustment factor is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein L represents a first adjustment coefficient, N i represents the number of bytes corresponding to the ith identification, N i+1 represents the number of bytes corresponding to the (i+1) th identification, T i represents the identification response time length corresponding to the ith identification, and T i+1 represents the identification response time length corresponding to the (i+1) th identification;
In an alternative embodiment, the second adjustment factor is obtained by the following formula:
Wherein s represents a second adjustment coefficient, T c represents a preset identification response time length reference value, N c represents a preset byte number reference value, N max represents a maximum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of identification, and T max represents an identification response time length corresponding to the maximum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of identification;
In an alternative embodiment, the third adjustment factor is obtained by the following formula:
The method comprises the steps of (1) setting a third adjustment coefficient, wherein k represents a third adjustment coefficient, N max represents the maximum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of recognition, T max represents the recognition response time corresponding to the maximum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of recognition, N min represents the minimum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of recognition, T min represents the recognition response time corresponding to the minimum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in N times of recognition, T c represents a preset recognition response time reference value, T p represents the average value of the corresponding recognition response time in the process of N times of recognition, and m represents the recognition times of a feature word recognition unit 110 spaced between the minimum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single scanning in the N times of recognition and the maximum value of the number of bytes in the process of completing single recognition;
in the embodiment of the present application, the comparing component 134 is configured to compare the identified operation stability evaluation coefficient with a preset evaluation coefficient threshold;
In the embodiment of the present application, the abnormality determining and alarming module 135 is configured to determine that the stability abnormality exists in the identification process of the feature word identifying unit 110 and perform an abnormality alarm when the identified operation stability evaluation coefficient is lower than a preset evaluation coefficient threshold.
The technical effect of the technical scheme is that the module can rapidly capture any delay or acceleration phenomenon in the identification process by monitoring the identification response time of the feature word identification unit 110 in real time, namely the time interval from the byte scanning start to the protocol transfer start, so as to provide basic data for subsequent analysis and evaluation. The total number of scanning bytes in each recognition process is extracted, so that the relationship between the recognition efficiency and the data quantity is facilitated to be understood, and a basis is provided for optimizing a recognition algorithm and resource configuration. By using the mathematical model, a comprehensive evaluation coefficient H is calculated by comprehensively considering a plurality of dimensions such as the identification response time length, the total number of scanned bytes and the like. The introduction of the coefficient not only quantifies the stability of the identification process, but also enables the stability assessment to be more scientific and objective. The first adjusting coefficient L, the second adjusting coefficient s and the third adjusting coefficient k are introduced, so that the evaluation coefficient can be more flexibly adapted to the requirements under different recognition scenes. The coefficients are calculated by a complex formula, so that factors such as the identification times, byte number change, response time and the like are fully considered, and the accuracy and the comprehensiveness of the evaluation result are ensured. By comparing the calculated evaluation coefficient of the identified running stability with a preset evaluation coefficient threshold, the abnormality determination and alarm mechanism is triggered immediately upon finding that the stability is insufficient. The instant feedback mechanism can quickly draw attention of operation and maintenance personnel, is convenient for taking measures in time, and avoids the influence of stability problems on protocol identification and even the operation of the whole system. Through continuous monitoring and evaluation, operation and maintenance personnel can clearly know the operation states of the feature word recognition unit 110 under different conditions, so that a recognition algorithm is optimized, system configuration is adjusted or hardware equipment is upgraded in a targeted manner, and stability and efficiency of protocol recognition are improved continuously. The stable protocol identification capability is important to maintaining the smoothness of network communication and guaranteeing the accuracy of data transmission. By implementing the technical scheme, not only is the reliability of the system enhanced, but also the trust degree and satisfaction degree of the user on the system are improved.
In sum, by constructing a set of perfect identification operation stability monitoring and evaluating system, the technical scheme not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of protocol identification, but also provides powerful support for continuous optimization and improvement of the system, and finally realizes stable and efficient operation of network communication.
In the embodiment of the present application, the protocol parsing module 200 includes a data splitting unit 210 and a data parsing unit 220;
The data splitting unit 210 locates the header field, the data load field and the tail field of each protocol layer according to the protocol standard document, splits the header field, the data load field and the tail field, and establishes the analysis task of the corresponding field;
The data parsing unit 220 parses the parsing tasks of the corresponding fields in sequence according to the protocol parsing standard of the protocol, parses the field based on the parsing result of the previous field, and finally determines whether the protocol identification is correct according to the checking parsing result of the tail field.
The protocol standard document provides unified rules for communication between different devices, systems and software, specifies the format of protocol data, including the structure of header, data portion and trailer, and specifies the coding modes of the data, such as character coding, binary coding and data compression modes.
In order to ensure that the analysis information between the fields is not mixed when the corresponding field task is analyzed, the data analysis unit 220 adopts a communication mode of a message queue between the field analysis task and the field analysis task, the former field analysis task sends the analyzed data packet or the conversion request and the like as a message to the queue, and other field analysis tasks acquire and process the message from the message queue;
The message queue is an asynchronous communication mechanism for transferring messages (data) between different modules, one module packages the data into a message to be sent to the message queue, and the other modules acquire and process the message from the message queue;
the message queue realizes asynchronous communication between the field analysis task and the field analysis task, and the sender and the receiver do not need to be in an operation state at the same time, which is helpful for decoupling each field, so that the system architecture is more flexible, meanwhile, the message queue is used as a buffer area for controlling the data flow, when the data generation speed is faster than the processing speed, the message queue can temporarily store the data, avoid data loss, distinguish the data analyzed by each field task, prevent the analysis information between the fields from being mixed, and ensure the accuracy of the analysis data.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the data conversion module 300 includes a data layering unit 310 and a data conversion unit 320;
The data layering unit 310 decomposes the data conversion task into link layer, network layer, layer according to the layered structure of the protocol,
The transmission layer and the application layer serve as independent tasks, and subdivide the data of the same layer according to the size of the data block in the same layer;
The data conversion unit 320 performs data conversion on data blocks with different sizes in the same layer in a multi-process parallel conversion mode, and performs data conversion on data in different protocol layers in a multi-thread parallel conversion mode.
In order to better identify the parallel conversion boundary, the data layering unit 310 identifies the parallel conversion boundary according to the data dependency relationship, and determines which data layers can be parallel converted;
when the input data of one task directly depends on the output data of another task, there is a direct data dependency relationship, when there is no direct input and output data dependency between two tasks, but they generate indirect dependency through intermediate data or other tasks as an indirect dependency relationship, when two tasks have no correlation in data, i.e. the execution of one task does not depend on any data of another task, they can be executed in parallel;
In protocol analysis and conversion, for example, link layer analysis, network layer analysis, transmission layer analysis, application layer analysis and conversion tasks of all layers are respectively used as nodes, connection lines are formed between the nodes according to data dependency relations among the tasks, for example, task A directly or indirectly depends on the result of task B, a directed edge is drawn from node B to node A, a data dependency graph is constructed in the mode, dependency relations among the tasks can be intuitively seen, parallel boundaries can exist between tasks represented by the nodes which are not directly or indirectly connected with the directed edge in the data dependency graph, for example, if node C and node D do not have any connection, task C and task D can be executed in parallel, the parallel conversion boundaries can be accurately identified according to the data dependency relations, meanwhile, a parallel conversion data layer can be adopted, and the speed of analysis data conversion can be accelerated.
In an alternative embodiment, in order to ensure consistency and accuracy of data during parallel conversion, the data conversion unit 320 adopts a lock mechanism to ensure consistency of data during multi-thread parallel conversion, and adopts a communication mechanism to coordinate shared data during multi-process data conversion to ensure accuracy of data;
The basic principle of the mutual exclusion lock is that only one thread can acquire the lock at the same time, after one thread acquires the mutual exclusion lock, other threads attempting to acquire the lock are blocked until the threads holding the lock release the lock, the parallel conversion technology is to process data of different parts by using a plurality of threads, processes or resources simultaneously in the data conversion process so as to accelerate the recovery speed, the traditional sequential recovery mode is broken through, hardware resources such as a multi-core processor, a multi-disk I/O channel and the like of the system are fully utilized, the data conversion task is divided into a plurality of subtasks to be executed in parallel, the parts capable of being converted independently are determined by analyzing the structure and the content of backup data, for example, when the analyzed data is converted, the data packet is layered, each layer is allocated with one conversion thread, and the parallel conversion tasks can be performed simultaneously, and the parallel conversion tasks are mutually independent and are cooperated to complete the conversion work of the whole data.
Wherein the verification package module 400 includes a data verification unit 410 and a data package unit 420;
in an alternative embodiment, the data verification unit 410 checks whether the converted data length meets the requirements according to the target protocol specification, checks whether the sequence of each field in the converted data is consistent with the target protocol specification, and finally verifies whether the format and content of the header and the trailer meet the requirements;
in an alternative embodiment, the data encapsulation unit 420 encapsulates the converted data meeting the requirements specified by the target protocol, fills the fields in sequence according to the format requirements of the header of the target protocol, places the converted data in a correct position according to the format of the target protocol after the header encapsulation is completed, and finally fills the tail verification information into the last part of the data packet to complete the encapsulation of the whole data packet.
In order to more accurately verify and package the converted data, when the data package unit 420 packages the tail verification information, according to a checksum calculation method specified by a target protocol, the checksum information is calculated on the whole data packet, and the tail information is added in a tail field, so that at a receiving end, the tail information is used for verifying the integrity of the data and correctly analyzing the data packet;
In an alternative embodiment, the checksum is generated by performing a mathematical operation on a particular portion of the data, such as the entire data packet, data block, etc., to generate a relatively short value (checksum value) that represents a characteristic of the original data, and at the receiving end or reading the data, the checksum is recalculated on the received data using the same calculation method, and then the new checksum value is compared with the original checksum value;
in an alternative embodiment, when the data is packaged, the checksum of the data is added, so that whether the converted data meets the target protocol standard or not can be conveniently checked when the transformer substation protocol is standardized, and the accuracy of data conversion is improved.
Example 4
Embodiment 3 is a conversion between different types of protocols in a substation, and the standardized conversion method and system for the substation protocols are also applicable to conversion between the old protocol and the new protocol of the same type, and specifically are as follows:
In an alternative embodiment, the type of the old protocol is identified through the protocol identification module 100, the collected transformer substation data packet is scanned byte by byte through the feature word identification unit 110, a byte sequence matched with the feature word in the feature word library is searched, the data packet is rapidly screened, the protocol type which is not met is discharged, the protocol which cannot be determined by the feature word identification is transmitted to the deep packet detection unit 120, the deep packet detection unit 120 analyzes the content of the data packet by utilizing the deep packet detection technology, the specific content and the behavior characteristic of the protocol are analyzed, and the type of the old protocol is further identified;
In an alternative embodiment, the protocol parsing module 200 uses the data splitting unit 210 to locate the header field, the data load field and the tail field of each protocol layer according to the protocol standard document, split the old protocol data packet, establish the parsing task of the corresponding field, sequentially parse the parsing task of the corresponding field by the data parsing unit 220, parse the present field according to the parsing result of the previous field, and finally determine whether the identification of the old protocol is correct according to the checking parsing result of the tail field;
In an alternative embodiment, the data conversion module 300 performs layering on the data packet after the protocol analysis module 200 transfers analysis according to the protocol hierarchy, and further distributes the data according to the size of the data block in each layer, performs parallel conversion on the data of different protocol layers by adopting a multithreading mode, performs parallel conversion on the data of different data blocks of the same protocol layer by adopting a multiprocessing mode, and improves the data conversion rate;
The verification packaging module 400 takes the specification of the target protocol as a standard, combines the conversion results of the plurality of data block parallel processing units, performs format and structure verification on the conversion results of each protocol layer parallel processing unit, and packages the converted data into a new protocol according to the frame structure and format requirements of the target protocol.
Example 5
In addition to the above embodiments, the method and system for standardized conversion of a substation protocol are also applicable to conversion between some uncertain protocols or nonstandard protocols and standard protocols, and specifically include the following steps:
in an alternative embodiment, when the protocol identification module 100 identifies the uncertain protocol or the nonstandard protocol, the deep packet inspection unit 120 is directly utilized to identify the data packet transmitted by the uncertain protocol or the nonstandard protocol, the deep packet inspection technology is adopted to analyze the content of the data packet, analyze the specific content and the behavior characteristics of the protocol, and further identify the type of the protocol;
In an alternative embodiment, the protocol parsing module 200 uses the data splitting unit 210 to locate the header field, the data load field and the tail field of each protocol layer according to the protocol standard document, split the old protocol data packet, establish the parsing task of the corresponding field, where the parsing task does not include the content which is not in accordance with the protocol standard and is transmitted by the uncertain protocol or nonstandard protocol, parse only the data which is in accordance with the protocol standard, the data parsing unit 220 parses the parsing task of the corresponding field in sequence, parse the present field based on the parsing result of the previous field, and finally determine whether the identification of the old protocol is correct according to the verification parsing result of the tail field;
In an alternative embodiment, the data conversion module 300 performs layering on the data packet after the protocol analysis module 200 transfers analysis according to the protocol hierarchy, and further distributes the data according to the size of the data block in each layer, performs parallel conversion on the data of different protocol layers by adopting a multithreading mode, performs parallel conversion on the data of different data blocks of the same protocol layer by adopting a multiprocessing mode, and improves the data conversion rate;
In an alternative embodiment, the verification packaging module 400 uses the specification of the target protocol as a standard, combines the conversion results of the multiple data block parallel processing units, performs format and structure verification on the conversion results of each protocol layer parallel processing unit, and packages the converted data into a standard protocol according to the frame structure and format requirement of the target protocol.
According to the standardized conversion method and system for the transformer substation protocol, the collected transformer substation data packets are scanned through the protocol identification module 100, the data packets are initially screened through feature word identification, the data packets which cannot be identified through feature word identification are deeply analyzed through the deep packet detection technology, the protocol types are identified, the data packets are split through the protocol analysis module 200, multi-field analysis tasks are established, a communication mode of a message queue is adopted between the field analysis tasks and the field analysis tasks, segmented analysis of the data packets is achieved, the phenomenon of data information mixing is avoided when the whole analysis of the data packets is carried out, the data packets are layered according to protocol layers through the data conversion module 300 when the analyzed data are converted, the data are further distributed in each layer according to the size of data blocks, parallel conversion is carried out on the data blocks of different protocol layers through a multi-thread mode, parallel conversion is carried out on the different data blocks of the same protocol layer through a multi-process mode, the data conversion efficiency is improved, the accuracy and the real-time of the protocol conversion are improved, the standardized conversion device and the method for the transformer substation protocol are not only suitable for the conversion of different types in the transformer substation, the protocol conversion is suitable for the old protocol types and the new protocol conversion protocol types, the protocol conversion is not suitable for the practical conversion range, and the practical conversion is not suitable for the practical conversion range.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The scheme in the embodiment of the application can be realized by adopting various computer languages, such as object-oriented programming language Java, an transliteration script language JavaScript and the like.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
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