CN119657819B - Sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of sand core coatings, and particularly relates to a sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings and a preparation method thereof. The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings comprises pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, magnesia, calcium titanate, cryolite, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium pyrophosphate, rectorite, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, n-octanol and water. The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings provided by the invention takes the mixture of pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite and phosphorus pentoxide as a refractory material, water as a carrier liquid, the mixture of sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite as a suspending agent, and simultaneously n-octanol defoamer and octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant are added, and the synergistic effect between the raw materials ensures that the prepared sand core coating has good metal liquid scouring resistance, sand adhesion resistance and thermal stability during application, so that the sand core coating has excellent peel strength and refractoriness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of sand core coatings, and particularly relates to a sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The casting coating generally comprises refractory materials, carrier liquid, binders, suspending agents and other auxiliary agents, is widely applied to various casting moulds and cores in casting production, and has the effects of preventing sand sticking of castings, reducing the surface roughness of the castings, prolonging the service life of sand moulds and improving the surface materials of the castings.
Casting coatings can be classified in a variety of ways. The fire-resistant coating can be classified into high fire-resistant coating, medium fire-resistant coating and low fire-resistant coating according to fire-resistant degree, water-based coating and alcohol-based coating according to the carrier liquid used, clay sand coating, resin sand coating, sodium silicate sand coating and metal mold coating according to casting materials, cast steel coating, cast iron coating, nonferrous alloy coating and the like according to casting alloy materials.
When castings with complex inner cavity structures and needing an air tightness test are cast, such as a cast water-cooled motor shell integrated curved surface special-shaped water channel, the follow-up treatment cannot be performed through sand blasting, shot blasting and the like due to the complex curved surface special-shaped cavity, the inner cavity cleanliness is poor, although polishing technologies such as abrasive particle flow and the like are applied, the original pitting surface of a product water channel cannot be reserved, and the cooling effect cannot be achieved. The aluminum alloy castings with complex structures often need sand cores to form internal cavities or complex shapes, and the selection of sand core coatings is particularly important, so that the sand cores can be ensured to be stable at high temperature, and the sand cores are not deformed or damaged in the molten metal pouring process. If the sand core coating with good performance cannot be well selected, the defects of serious sand burning, sand inclusion and the like can be caused, the sand cleaning difficulty can be caused, the cleaning and polishing workload can be increased, the casting quality is seriously influenced, even the casting is scrapped, the inherent quality of the casting can be influenced, the defects of air holes, looseness and the like in the casting can be caused, the casting is unqualified in the post-processing air tightness test, namely, the penetration occurs in the compression test.
Therefore, the exploration of a novel sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings. The sand core coating has the advantages of metal liquid scouring resistance, sand adhesion resistance and thermal stability, and the invention also provides a preparation method thereof.
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings comprises, by weight, 22-24 parts of pyrophyllite, 11-13 parts of fayalite, 7.2-7.6 parts of zircon powder, 3.1-3.4 parts of magnesia, 5.1-5.5 parts of calcium titanate, 4.3-5.2 parts of cryolite, 1.5-1.7 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.6-2.8 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.2-3.5 parts of rectorite, 0.18-0.21 part of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.35-0.37 part of n-octanol and 24-26 parts of water.
Wherein:
the pyrophyllite has a chemical composition shown as ：MgO 0.76%、CaO 2.13%、Al2O315.89%、SiO2 76.37%、Fe2O3 0.41%、P2O5 0.67%、K2O 0.36%、Na2O 0.05%、 percent by mass and a loss on ignition of 3.36 percent.
The fayalite has a chemical composition shown below as ：FeO 67.59%、SiO224.52%、MgO 2.54%、Al2O3 0.21%、TiO2 0.03%、CaO 0.32%、K2O 0.03%、Na2O 0.02%、P2O5 0.01%、 percent loss on ignition of 4.73 percent in mass percent.
The magnesite has a chemical composition shown below as ：SiO2 9.32%、Al2O3 1.45%、MgO 72.65%、Fe2O3 0.58%、CaO 5.32%、SO3 0.12%、 and a loss on ignition of 10.56% in mass percent.
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings comprises, by weight, 23 parts of pyrophyllite, 12 parts of fayalite, 7.4 parts of zircon powder, 3.3 parts of magnesite, 5.3 parts of calcium titanate, 4.8 parts of cryolite, 1.6 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.7 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.3 parts of rectorite, 0.20 part of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.36 part of n-octanol and 25 parts of water.
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings uses the mixture of pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite powder and phosphorus pentoxide as a refractory material, so that the sand core coating has molten metal scouring resistance, sand adhesion resistance and thermal stability. Wherein, the pyrophyllite and the fayalite are compounded for use, so that the prepared sand core coating has molten metal scouring resistance. The main component of the pyrophyllite is aluminosilicate, and the pyrophyllite can form silicate melt after being contacted with metal liquid at high temperature, so that the resistance of the sand core coating to the metal liquid is enhanced, while the main component of the fayalite is ferric silicate, the crystal structure is compact, and the pyrophyllite shows higher inertia in high-temperature and chemical corrosion environments, so that the metal liquid scouring resistance of the sand core coating can be further improved by adding the pyrophyllite. The zircon powder, the magnesia and the calcium titanate are compounded for use, so that the sand-resistant property, the thermal stability and the chemical stability of the prepared sand core coating are ensured. The zircon powder has high fire resistance and low thermal expansibility, so that the zircon powder can be kept stable at a high temperature, has high thermal conductivity, and can rapidly conduct heat to a casting, so that the contact time of molten metal and a sand core is shortened, and the sand core coating has sand-resistant property. The crystal structure of the calcium titanate is favorable for forming a compact coating, enhancing the mechanical strength and the thermal stability of the coating, and in addition, the stable chemical property of the calcium titanate can resist the corrosion of molten metal in a high-temperature environment, so that the chemical sand bonding is reduced. The chemical inertness of the magnesite ensures that the magnesite is not easy to react with molten metal at high temperature, thereby reducing mechanical sand bonding and chemical sand bonding, and simultaneously, the high wear resistance of the magnesite can resist the scouring of the molten metal, and the abrasion of the surface of a sand core is reduced. Therefore, the pyrophyllite, the fayalite, the zircon powder, the calcium titanate and the magnesia are compounded for use, so that the molten metal scouring resistance, the sand adhesion resistance and the stability of the prepared sand core coating are ensured. In addition, cryolite and phosphorus pentoxide are added into the refractory material, so that the fluidity of the sand core coating is improved, and the sand core coating forms a more compact structure at high temperature through filling, thereby further improving the comprehensive performance of the sand core coating.
In addition, the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings uses the mixture of the sodium pyrophosphate and the rectorite as a suspending agent, and the sodium pyrophosphate keeps the particles in a suspension state in a carrier liquid by increasing electrostatic repulsive force among the particles, so that the solid particles in the sand core coating can be uniformly distributed by the layered structure of the rectorite, and meanwhile, the adhesive force of the sand core coating is improved. The octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether is used as a surfactant to reduce the surface tension of the sand core coating, and the n-octanol defoamer is added.
The preparation method of the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite, and sieving with 1500 mesh sieve to obtain a first mixture;
(2) Uniformly mixing octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and water, then adding the first mixture prepared in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 65-70min to prepare a second mixture;
(3) And (3) adding n-octanol into the second mixture prepared in the step (2), and continuously stirring and mixing for 40-45min to prepare the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings.
Wherein:
in the step (2), the stirring rotating speed is 500-550r/min.
In the step (3), the stirring rotating speed is 1000-1100r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings provided by the invention takes the mixture of pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite and phosphorus pentoxide as a refractory material, water as a carrier liquid, the mixture of sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite as a suspending agent, and simultaneously n-octanol defoamer and octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant are added, and the synergistic effect between the raw materials ensures that the prepared sand core coating has good metal liquid scouring resistance, sand grinding resistance and thermal stability during application, so that the sand core coating has excellent peeling strength and refractoriness.
(2) The preparation method of the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings has the advantages of simple production process, easy operation, high production efficiency, high finished product quality and stable comprehensive performance.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is described in the embodiment 1, comprises, by weight, 23 parts of pyrophyllite, 12 parts of fayalite, 7.4 parts of zircon powder, 3.3 parts of magnesite, 5.3 parts of calcium titanate, 4.8 parts of cryolite, 1.6 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.7 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.3 parts of rectorite, 0.20 part of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.36 part of n-octanol and 25 parts of water.
Wherein:
the pyrophyllite has a chemical composition shown as ：MgO 0.76%、CaO 2.13%、Al2O315.89%、SiO2 76.37%、Fe2O3 0.41%、P2O5 0.67%、K2O 0.36%、Na2O 0.05%、 percent by mass and a loss on ignition of 3.36 percent.
The fayalite has a chemical composition shown below as ：FeO 67.59%、SiO224.52%、MgO 2.54%、Al2O3 0.21%、TiO2 0.03%、CaO 0.32%、K2O 0.03%、Na2O 0.02%、P2O5 0.01%、 percent loss on ignition of 4.73 percent in mass percent.
The magnesite has a chemical composition shown below as ：SiO2 9.32%、Al2O3 1.45%、MgO 72.65%、Fe2O3 0.58%、CaO 5.32%、SO3 0.12%、 and a loss on ignition of 10.56% in mass percent.
The preparation method of the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is disclosed in the embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite, and sieving with 1500 mesh sieve to obtain a first mixture;
(2) Uniformly mixing octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and water, then adding the first mixture prepared in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 65 minutes to prepare a second mixture;
(3) And (3) adding n-octanol into the second mixture prepared in the step (2), and continuously stirring and mixing for 43min to prepare the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings.
Wherein:
in the step (2), the stirring rotating speed is 525r/min.
In the step (3), the stirring rotating speed is 1050r/min.
Example 2
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is described in the embodiment 2, comprises, by weight, 24 parts of pyrophyllite, 11 parts of fayalite, 7.2 parts of zircon powder, 3.4 parts of magnesite, 5.1 parts of calcium titanate, 5.2 parts of cryolite, 1.5 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.6 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.5 parts of rectorite, 0.18 part of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.37 part of n-octanol and 26 parts of water.
Wherein:
the pyrophyllite has a chemical composition shown as ：MgO 0.76%、CaO 2.13%、Al2O315.89%、SiO2 76.37%、Fe2O3 0.41%、P2O5 0.67%、K2O 0.36%、Na2O 0.05%、 percent by mass and a loss on ignition of 3.36 percent.
The fayalite has a chemical composition shown below as ：FeO 67.59%、SiO224.52%、MgO 2.54%、Al2O3 0.21%、TiO2 0.03%、CaO 0.32%、K2O 0.03%、Na2O 0.02%、P2O5 0.01%、 percent loss on ignition of 4.73 percent in mass percent.
The magnesite has a chemical composition shown below as ：SiO2 9.32%、Al2O3 1.45%、MgO 72.65%、Fe2O3 0.58%、CaO 5.32%、SO3 0.12%、 and a loss on ignition of 10.56% in mass percent.
The preparation method of the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is disclosed in the embodiment 2, comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite, and sieving with 1500 mesh sieve to obtain a first mixture;
(2) Uniformly mixing octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and water, then adding the first mixture prepared in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 70 minutes to prepare a second mixture;
(3) And (3) adding n-octanol into the second mixture prepared in the step (2), and continuously stirring and mixing for 40min to prepare the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings.
Wherein:
in the step (2), the stirring rotating speed is 500r/min.
In the step (3), the stirring rotating speed is 1100r/min.
Example 3
The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is described in the embodiment 3, comprises, by weight, 22 parts of pyrophyllite, 13 parts of fayalite, 7.6 parts of zircon powder, 3.1 parts of magnesite, 5.5 parts of calcium titanate, 4.3 parts of cryolite, 1.7 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.8 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.2 parts of rectorite, 0.21 part of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.35 part of n-octanol and 24 parts of water.
Wherein:
the pyrophyllite has a chemical composition shown as ：MgO 0.76%、CaO 2.13%、Al2O315.89%、SiO2 76.37%、Fe2O3 0.41%、P2O5 0.67%、K2O 0.36%、Na2O 0.05%、 percent by mass and a loss on ignition of 3.36 percent.
The fayalite has a chemical composition shown below as ：FeO 67.59%、SiO224.52%、MgO 2.54%、Al2O3 0.21%、TiO2 0.03%、CaO 0.32%、K2O 0.03%、Na2O 0.02%、P2O5 0.01%、 percent loss on ignition of 4.73 percent in mass percent.
The magnesite has a chemical composition shown below as ：SiO2 9.32%、Al2O3 1.45%、MgO 72.65%、Fe2O3 0.58%、CaO 5.32%、SO3 0.12%、 and a loss on ignition of 10.56% in mass percent.
The preparation method of the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings, which is disclosed in the embodiment 3, comprises the following steps:
(1) Grinding pyrophyllite, fayalite, zircon powder, calcium titanate, magnesia, cryolite, phosphorus pentoxide, sodium pyrophosphate and rectorite, and sieving with 1500 mesh sieve to obtain a first mixture;
(2) Uniformly mixing octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and water, then adding the first mixture prepared in the step (1), and continuously stirring and mixing for 65 minutes to prepare a second mixture;
(3) And (3) adding n-octanol into the second mixture prepared in the step (2), and continuously stirring and mixing for 45min to prepare the sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings.
Wherein:
In the step (2), the stirring rotating speed is 550r/min.
In the step (3), the stirring rotating speed is 1000r/min.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings described in this comparative example 1 is the same as that of example 1, except that the raw material composition is different. The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings of the comparative example 1 comprises, by weight, 12 parts of fayalite, 7.4 parts of zircon powder, 3.3 parts of magnesite, 5.3 parts of calcium titanate, 4.8 parts of cryolite, 1.6 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.7 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.3 parts of rectorite, 0.20 part of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.36 part of n-octanol and 25 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings described in this comparative example 2 is the same as that of example 1, except that the raw material composition is different. The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings of the comparative example 2 comprises, by weight, 23 parts of pyrophyllite, 7.4 parts of zircon powder, 3.3 parts of magnesite, 5.3 parts of calcium titanate, 4.8 parts of cryolite, 1.6 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.7 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.3 parts of rectorite, 0.20 part of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.36 part of n-octanol and 25 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings described in this comparative example 3 is the same as that of example 1, except that the raw material composition is different. The sand core coating for the aluminum alloy castings of the comparative example 3 comprises, by weight, 23 parts of pyrophyllite, 12 parts of fayalite, 4.8 parts of cryolite, 1.6 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 2.7 parts of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.3 parts of rectorite, 0.20 part of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.36 part of n-octanol and 25 parts of water.
100Kg of the sand core coating prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 are added into a coating stirrer, 25Kg of purified water is added, the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred for 30 minutes, then the sand core coating which is uniformly stirred flows into a coating dip-coating pool through a 80-mesh filter screen, the Baume degree 38 is controlled, the sand core is immersed into the sand core coating dip-coating pool, the residence time is 4 seconds, the sand core coating is uniformly coated on the surface of the sand core, the coating is uniform, and the sand core is dried in a drying furnace and then subjected to aluminum alloy low-pressure casting. The core coatings prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for performance and the results are shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1 results of Performance test of core coatings prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3
As is apparent from the data described in table 1, the sand core coating for aluminum alloy castings prepared according to the present invention has excellent peel strength and refractoriness, and its use can ensure the internal quality of castings, whereby the sand core coating prepared according to the present invention has excellent molten metal scouring resistance, sand blocking resistance and stability.
Claims (6)
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101444827A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 西安理工大学 | Pyrophillite lost foam casting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN104418597A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-03-18 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Castable used for RH refining furnace lining and construction method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007020586A1 (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-06 | Ashland-Südchemie-Kernfest GmbH | Coating materials for casting molds and cores to avoid reaction gas defects |
| CN103878302B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-01-20 | 珠海市斗门福联造型材料实业有限公司 | A kind of water-based self-drying/quick-drying sand casting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN107511449A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-26 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of casting sand type coating |
| WO2024094936A1 (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-10 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Refractory covering particle composition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101444827A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2009-06-03 | 西安理工大学 | Pyrophillite lost foam casting coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN104418597A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-03-18 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Castable used for RH refining furnace lining and construction method thereof |
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