CN119573816A - A composite sensor for monitoring acceleration and pressure and its working method - Google Patents
A composite sensor for monitoring acceleration and pressure and its working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119573816A CN119573816A CN202411850468.XA CN202411850468A CN119573816A CN 119573816 A CN119573816 A CN 119573816A CN 202411850468 A CN202411850468 A CN 202411850468A CN 119573816 A CN119573816 A CN 119573816A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/08—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of piezoelectric devices, i.e. electric circuits therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
- G01P15/09—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a compound sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring and a working method thereof, belonging to the field of sensors, and comprising an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell, wherein the upper end of the upper shell is provided with an M6 mounting thread, the lower end is provided with a hexagonal base, and a groove space is reserved on the inner side of the lower end of the hexagonal base; the outer shape of the middle shell is a hexagonal base, M5 joint mounting holes are formed in the left side and the right side of the middle shell, a double-end beam piece is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the middle shell and is of a sheet-shaped structure, two ends of the double-end beam piece are fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the middle shell or are integrally formed, a cylindrical screw rod which is integrally connected is arranged in the center of the double-end beam piece, an acceleration sensor core structure is mounted on the cylindrical screw rod, the outer shape of the lower shell is a hexagonal base, a mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the lower shell and is used for mounting a pressure sensor core structure, and the upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are welded and connected. The invention has simple structure, can realize synchronous monitoring of acceleration and pressure without mutual interference, and can realize multi-scene application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of sensors.
Background
The piezoelectric acceleration sensor and the piezoelectric pressure sensor adopt piezoelectric materials as sensitive elements, under the action of external force, the acceleration sensor is a sensor capable of measuring acceleration and generally comprises a mass block, an elastic element, the sensitive elements and the like, and the sensor obtains an acceleration value by measuring the inertial force borne by the mass block and utilizing Newton's second law in the acceleration process. A pressure sensor is a device or apparatus that senses a pressure signal and converts the pressure signal to a usable output electrical signal according to a certain law. Both sensors relate to various industries such as water conservancy and hydropower, railway traffic, intelligent construction, production automatic control, aerospace, military industry, petrochemical industry, oil well, electric power, ships, machine tools, pipelines and the like. The traditional sensor is single in application, can not realize simultaneous measurement of acceleration and pressure and can not have a multi-scene application function, and has small vibration output magnitude and poor measurement sensitivity, so that the structure of the sensor needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the composite sensor for monitoring the acceleration and the pressure and the working method thereof have simple structure, can realize synchronous monitoring of the acceleration and the pressure without mutual interference, and can realize multi-scene application.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
On one hand, the invention provides a composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring, which comprises an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell, wherein the upper end of the upper shell is provided with M6 mounting threads, the lower end of the upper shell is provided with a hexagonal base, and a groove space is reserved on the inner side of the lower end of the hexagonal base and is used for vibrating a core body structure of the acceleration sensor;
The middle part of the inner side of the middle shell is provided with a double-end beam piece connected with the shell, the double-end beam piece is of a sheet structure, and the two ends of the double-end beam piece are fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the middle shell or are integrally formed;
The lower shell is a hexagonal base, the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a mounting groove for mounting a pressure sensor core structure, and the upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are welded and connected.
Preferably, the acceleration sensor core structure comprises an electrode plate, a mass block, a fastening nut and two pieces of large piezoelectric ceramics, wherein the first piece of large piezoelectric ceramics, the electrode plate, the second piece of large piezoelectric ceramics and the mass block are sequentially arranged on a cylindrical screw rod of the double-end beam piece, an M2 mounting thread is arranged at the top end of the cylindrical screw rod, the M2 mounting thread is screwed through the fastening nut, and in the acceleration sensor core structure, the first piece of large piezoelectric ceramics, the electrode plate, the second piece of large piezoelectric ceramics and the mass block are concentrically processed in the assembly process without an insulating sleeve, so that short circuit can be avoided.
Preferably, the electrode plate is of a sheet-type circular ring structure, one side of the electrode plate is provided with a convex surface for welding and fixing a lead, the lead is connected with a connector for outputting signals, the connector is of a conventional cylindrical structure, M5 threads are reserved for testing, the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block are of circular ring structures, and a through hole is reserved in the middle of the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block.
Preferably, the thickness of the double-end beam piece is 0.5mm. The signal output amplification factor based on the double-end beam sheet structure is related to the thickness of the double-end beam sheet, the specific amplification factor is recorded when the specific amplification factor is required to be calibrated with a standard sensor, and the acceleration and charge signal output calculation can be carried out according to the actual amplification factor.
Preferably, the pressure sensor core structure comprises an insulating ring, a lower mounting threaded column, a pre-tightening screw, two pieces of small piezoelectric ceramics and two electrode blocks, wherein the insulating ring is placed in a mounting groove of a lower shell;
The top of the lower mounting threaded column is attached to the second electrode block, the lower mounting threaded column is in butt joint with the lower shell and then is in welded connection, and a pre-tightening screw rod is arranged in the lower mounting threaded column.
Preferably, the insulating ring is of a circular ring structure, the small piezoelectric ceramic is of a circular ring structure, and a through hole is reserved in the middle of the small piezoelectric ceramic; the electrode block is of a solid wafer structure and is used for outputting electric signals of the small piezoelectric ceramics and providing support, and a lead is welded at the center of the first electrode block and is connected to the connector through a through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramics for signal transmission;
The lower shell is provided with a wire through hole with phi 0.5 at the center for wire output, the lower mounting threaded column is of a cylindrical structure, a hole is formed in the middle of the lower mounting threaded column, a thin sheet is arranged at the top end of the lower mounting threaded column, the thin sheet and the lower mounting threaded column are integrally formed and used as a deformation membrane of the pressure sensor, an M6 thread is arranged outside the lower mounting threaded column and used for sensor mounting, and an M4 internal thread is arranged inside the lower mounting threaded column and used for tightening a pre-tightening screw;
The pre-tightening screw is of a cylindrical structure, external threads are arranged on the outer side of the middle lower end of the pre-tightening screw and are used for being matched with M4 internal threads in the lower installation threaded column, a through hole phi 1.5 is formed in the middle of the pre-tightening screw and used for circulating and transmitting fluid media, the surface of the upper end of the pre-tightening screw is flat, the surface area of the upper end of the pre-tightening screw is similar to that of the small piezoelectric ceramic, and the pre-tightening screw is used for compressing and supporting the small piezoelectric ceramic after being screwed.
Preferably, the bottom of the pre-tightening screw is provided with a 'rice' -shaped groove. The groove not only can concentrate pressure in the screw through hole, but also can be used as a pre-tightening debugging groove, and can be screwed by using a one-shaped or cross-shaped screwdriver, and the membrane is deformed by controlling the screwing force, so that the pre-tightening force of the pressure sensor structure is controlled. When the tightening force is small, the testing range of the sensor is increased, and when the tightening force is large, the testing range of the sensor is reduced, and meanwhile, the linearity performance is better and better, so that the sensor can be suitable for various application scenes.
Preferably, the thickness of the sheet of the lower mounting thread post is 0.2mm.
Preferably, the assembly process is as follows:
(1) Placing the insulating ring into a mounting groove at the lower end of the lower shell, placing a first piece of small piezoelectric ceramic into the inner side of the insulating ring, and attaching the first piece of small piezoelectric ceramic to the top surface of the mounting groove;
(2) Welding a lead to the center of a first electrode block, attaching the top surface of the first electrode block to a first small piezoelectric ceramic, and sequentially penetrating out the lead through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramic and the lead through hole with phi 0.5 of the lower shell;
(3) Placing a second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic inside the insulating ring to be attached to the first electrode block, placing the second electrode block inside the insulating ring, and attaching the top of the second electrode block to the second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic;
(4) Abutting the upper end of the lower mounting threaded column with the lower end of the lower shell, and welding after pre-pressing;
(5) Screwing the pre-tightening screw into an M4 internal thread in the lower mounting threaded column;
(6) Sleeving a first large piezoelectric ceramic on a cylindrical screw rod of the double-end beam piece until the first large piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the surface of the double-end beam piece;
(7) Sleeving the electrode plate on a cylindrical screw until the electrode plate is attached to the first large piezoelectric ceramic, and welding a wire on the convex surface of one side of the electrode plate for signal transmission;
(8) Sleeving the second large piezoelectric ceramic on the cylindrical screw rod until the second large piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the electrode plate;
(9) Screwing the fastening nut onto the cylindrical screw;
(10) The upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are butted and then welded with contact surfaces;
(11) Two lead wires led out are led out from the mounting holes of the M5 connector at two ends of the middle shell respectively and welded to the central output point of the connector;
(12) The connector is butted to the M5 connector mounting hole of the middle shell, and welded and fixed on the contact surface.
The upper shell, the middle shell, the lower mounting threaded column, the pre-tightening screw, the electrode block, the electrode plate and the fastening nut are made of 17-4 stainless steel, and the whole is in a sealing welding mode, so that the high strength is realized.
On the other hand, the invention provides a working method of the composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring, and the composite sensor adopts an upper mounting mode or a lower mounting mode, so that multi-scene application can be realized;
When the pressure monitoring requirement of the composite sensor is not met, an upper mounting mode is adopted, the composite sensor is mounted on a pipeline through an M6 mounting thread at the upper end of the upper shell, and only the acceleration sensor works at the moment;
When the fluid medium in the pipeline passes through a pressure source, the fluid medium passes through a through hole in the middle of a pre-tightening screw rod, the sheet at the top end of the lower mounting screw rod is extruded, the pressure is conducted onto an electrode block through the sheet and is further conducted onto small piezoelectric ceramics, the small piezoelectric ceramics output a signal based on piezoelectric effect after extrusion, and therefore pressure monitoring in the pipeline can be achieved.
The present invention is not limited to the details of the prior art.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The sensor is integrally designed into a symmetrical structure, the shell is integrally designed into a hexagonal structure, M6 threads are arranged at the upper end and the lower end, the output connectors are positioned at two sides, the use interference is reduced, and the use and installation applicability is greatly enhanced.
2. The invention adopts the composite structure of the acceleration sensor and the pressure sensor, the lower end is the pressure sensor structure, and the middle end is the acceleration sensor structure, so that the vibration monitoring of the conventional object can be performed, and the monitoring of the pressure signal can be realized. When the sensor is in no pressure monitoring requirement, an upper mounting mode can be adopted, and when the pressure monitoring requirement exists, a lower mounting mode can be adopted, so that multi-scene application can be realized, and the service performance is greatly improved.
3. The invention designs a double-end beam sheet structure similar to a cantilever beam of a bending type acceleration sensor based on a conventional compression type and bending type piezoelectric acceleration sensor structure, and an integrated cylindrical screw rod is arranged at the center of the double-end beam sheet structure, so that the compression type acceleration sensor core structure can be installed. Wherein, the both ends of bi-polar roof beam piece and the casing in the sensor are integrated into an organic whole structure, and the thickness of bi-polar roof beam piece is about 0.5mm. When the sensor monitors running, the sensor structure is subjected to external force (such as inertial force caused by acceleration change), and the mass block generates corresponding acceleration due to inertia. The acceleration causes the mass to drive the two end beam plates to bend, so that the large piezoelectric ceramic is further stretched or compressed, and further charge output is generated. The magnitude of the charge amount is proportional to the magnitude of the acceleration, and therefore the magnitude of the acceleration can be estimated by measuring the charge amount. The structure not only avoids the defects of large volume and inconvenient use of the bending type piezoelectric acceleration sensor, but also has the characteristics of low resonance frequency and high sensitivity of the conventional bending type piezoelectric acceleration sensor, so that the bending type piezoelectric acceleration sensor can be used for low-frequency measurement.
In addition, the double-end beam piece is based on the principle that the acceleration sensor is mounted on the cantilever beam for testing, so that the double-end beam piece can amplify the output signal of the sensor during micro vibration, but compared with a conventional cantilever beam testing structure, the double-end beam piece has the advantages that the two ends of the structure are in a fixed mode, the core body is restrained to be in an up-down vibration mode during vibration, and the transverse signal interference under the conventional cantilever beam vibration structure is avoided. Therefore, the invention can be used for micro vibration measurement of large buildings such as earthquake foundation vibration and dam power stations, and detection of low-frequency vibration signals such as pipeline leakage, and the test performance is greatly improved.
4. The deformation membrane (sheet) of the pressure sensor structure is positioned between the lower mounting threaded column and the electrode block, and the deformation membrane and the lower mounting threaded column are of an integrated structure, have the thickness of about 0.2mm and have stronger strain. In addition, the inner side of the lower mounting thread column hole is provided with an internal thread, and is matched with a pre-tightening screw rod, so that the pre-tightening screw rod can be screwed to the inner side of the lower mounting thread column hole. The bottom of the pre-tightening screw is provided with the 'rice' -shaped groove, and the groove not only can enable pressure to be concentrated in the through hole of the pre-tightening screw, but also can be used as a pre-tightening debugging groove, so that the pre-tightening force of the pressure sensor structure is controlled. In addition, the bottom of the pre-tightening screw is provided with a through hole phi 1.5, the deformation membrane is exposed at the inner side of the through hole and is in contact with a fluid medium, and when pressure is generated, the core structure of the pressure sensor can be directly pressurized, so that the deformation of the small piezoelectric ceramic is caused to generate charge signal output.
5. The upper shell, the double-end beam sheets and the middle shell of the invention are of an integral structure, the rigidity intensity is big, not fragile. And the upper end of the upper shell is provided with a vibration space, so that output interference is avoided. The pressure sensor has a simple structural design structure, and due to the double-end beam sheet structure on the acceleration sensor, the two structures have a large distance, so that the two structures are not interfered with each other during synchronous operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an anatomical perspective view of a compound sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the upper housing of the present invention, (a) is an angle one, and (b) is an angle two;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the middle housing structure of the present invention, (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a left side view;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the lower housing of the present invention, (a) is at an angle one and (b) is at an angle two;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a lower mounting screw thread post according to the present invention, wherein (a) is at an angle I and (b) is at an angle II;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a pretensioned screw in a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, (a) is an angle one, (b) is an angle two, and (c) is an angle three;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a fastening nut according to the present invention, (a) is at an angle one and (b) is at an angle two;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a mass according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of a large piezoelectric ceramic according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of an electrode sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of an insulating ring according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic perspective view of an electrode block according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the sensor mounting of the present invention;
In the figure, the upper shell, the middle shell, the 3-connector, the lower shell, the 5-insulating ring, the 6-lower mounting threaded column, the 7-pre-tightening screw, the 8-electrode block, the 9-small piezoelectric ceramic, the 10-electrode plate, the 11-large piezoelectric ceramic, the 12-mass block, the 13-fastening nut, the 14-double-end beam plate, the 15-cylindrical screw and the 16-sheet are arranged in the figure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not fully described and is according to the conventional technology in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left", "right", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring comprises an upper shell 1, a middle shell 2 and a lower shell 4, wherein the upper end of the upper shell 1 is provided with M6 mounting threads, the lower end is provided with a hexagonal base, and a groove space is reserved on the inner side of the lower end of the hexagonal base and used for vibrating a core structure of the acceleration sensor;
The middle shell 2 is provided with a hexagonal base, M5 joint mounting holes on the left side and the right side for mounting the joint 3, a double-end beam piece 14 connected with the shell is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the middle shell, and the double-end beam piece is of a sheet structure, and the two ends of the double-end beam piece are fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the middle shell or are integrally formed;
The lower shell 4 is a hexagonal base, the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a mounting groove for mounting a pressure sensor core structure, and the upper shell 1, the middle shell 2 and the lower shell 4 are welded and connected.
Example 2
A composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring is disclosed in embodiment 1, except that the acceleration sensor core structure comprises an electrode plate 10, a mass block 12, a fastening nut 13 and two pieces of large piezoelectric ceramics 11, wherein the first piece of large piezoelectric ceramics 11, the electrode plate 10, the second piece of large piezoelectric ceramics 11 and the mass block 12 are sequentially arranged on a cylindrical screw rod 15 of a double-end beam plate, M2 mounting threads are arranged at the top end of the cylindrical screw rod 15, and the M2 mounting threads are screwed through the fastening nut 13.
The electrode plate 10 is of a sheet-type circular ring structure, one side of the electrode plate is provided with a convex surface for welding and fixing a lead, the lead is connected with a connector for outputting signals, the connector is of a conventional cylindrical structure, M5 threads are reserved for testing, the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block are of circular ring structures, and a through hole is reserved in the middle of the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block.
The thickness of the double-ended beam sheet 14 is 0.5mm. The signal output amplification factor based on the double-end beam sheet structure is related to the thickness of the double-end beam sheet, the specific amplification factor is recorded when the specific amplification factor is required to be calibrated with a standard sensor, and the acceleration and charge signal output calculation can be carried out according to the actual amplification factor.
Example 3
The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring is characterized in that, as shown in the embodiment 2, the pressure sensor core structure comprises an insulating ring 5, a lower mounting threaded column 6, a pre-tightening screw 7, two pieces of small piezoelectric ceramics 9 and two electrode blocks 8, wherein the insulating ring 5 is placed in a mounting groove of a lower shell 4, and a first piece of small piezoelectric ceramics 9 is arranged on the inner side of the insulating ring 5 and is attached to the top surface of the mounting groove;
The top of the lower mounting threaded column 6 is attached to the second electrode block 8, the lower mounting threaded column 6 is in butt joint with the lower shell 4 and then is in welded connection, and a pre-tightening screw rod 7 is arranged in the lower mounting threaded column.
The insulation ring 5 is of a ring structure, the small piezoelectric ceramic 9 is of a ring structure, and a through hole is reserved in the middle of the small piezoelectric ceramic, the electrode block 8 is of a solid wafer structure and is used for outputting electric signals of the small piezoelectric ceramic and providing support, a wire is welded at the center of the first electrode block 8 and is connected to the connector 3 through the through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramic 9 for signal transmission;
The center of the lower shell 4 is provided with a wire through hole with phi 0.5 for wire output, the lower mounting threaded column 6 is of a cylindrical structure, a hole is arranged in the middle of the lower mounting threaded column 6, the top end of the lower mounting threaded column 6 is provided with a sheet 16, and the sheet 16 and the lower mounting threaded column are integrally formed and used as a deformation membrane of the pressure sensor;
the pre-tightening screw 7 is of a cylindrical structure, external threads are arranged on the outer side of the middle lower end of the pre-tightening screw 7 and are used for being matched with M4 internal threads in the lower installation threaded column, a through hole phi 1.5 is formed in the middle of the pre-tightening screw 7 and used for circulating and transmitting fluid media, the surface of the upper end of the pre-tightening screw is flat, the surface area of the pre-tightening screw is similar to that of the small piezoelectric ceramic, and the pre-tightening screw is used for compressing and supporting the small piezoelectric ceramic after being screwed.
The bottom of the pre-tightening screw 7 is provided with a 'rice' -shaped groove. The groove not only can concentrate pressure in the screw through hole, but also can be used as a pre-tightening debugging groove, and can be screwed by using a one-shaped or cross-shaped screwdriver, and the membrane is deformed by controlling the screwing force, so that the pre-tightening force of the pressure sensor structure is controlled. When the tightening force is small, the testing range of the sensor is increased, and when the tightening force is large, the testing range of the sensor is reduced, and meanwhile, the linearity performance is better and better, so that the sensor can be suitable for various application scenes.
The sheet 16 of the lower mounting screw post is 0.2mm thick.
Example 4
A composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring as described in example 3, except that the assembly process is as follows:
(1) Placing the insulating ring 5 into a mounting groove at the lower end of the lower shell 4, placing a first small piezoelectric ceramic 9 into the inner side of the insulating ring, and attaching the first small piezoelectric ceramic 9 to the top surface of the mounting groove;
(2) Welding a lead to the center of the first electrode block 8, attaching the top surface of the first electrode block 8 to the first small piezoelectric ceramic 9, and sequentially penetrating out the lead through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramic and the lead through hole of the lower shell phi 0.5;
(3) Placing a second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic 9 inside the insulating ring 5 and attaching the second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic 9 to the first electrode block 8, placing the second electrode block 8 inside the insulating ring 5, and attaching the top of the second electrode block to the second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic 9;
(4) The upper end of the lower mounting threaded column 6 is butted with the lower end of the lower shell 4, and the lower mounting threaded column is welded after being pre-pressed;
(5) Screwing the pre-tightening screw rod 7 into an M4 internal thread inside the lower mounting threaded column 6;
(6) Sleeving a first large piezoelectric ceramic 11 on a cylindrical screw 15 of the double-end beam piece 14 until the large piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the surface of the double-end beam piece 14;
(7) Sleeving the electrode plate 10 on a cylindrical screw rod 15 until the electrode plate is attached to the first large piezoelectric ceramic 11, and welding a wire on the convex surface of one side of the electrode plate 10 for signal transmission;
(8) Sleeving a second large piezoelectric ceramic 11 on the cylindrical screw rod 15 until the second large piezoelectric ceramic 11 is attached to the electrode plate 10, sleeving a mass block 12 on the cylindrical screw rod 15 until the mass block is attached to the second large piezoelectric ceramic 11;
(9) Screwing the fastening nut 13 onto the cylindrical screw 15;
(10) The upper shell 1, the middle shell 2 and the lower shell 4 are butted and then welded with contact surfaces;
(11) Two lead wires led out are led out from the mounting holes of the M5 connector at two ends of the middle shell respectively and welded to the central output point of the connector 3;
(12) The connector 3 is butted to the M5 connector mounting hole of the middle shell 2 and welded and fixed on the contact surface.
The metal materials of the invention are all 17-4 stainless steel materials, and the whole metal material adopts a sealing welding mode and has high strength.
Example 5
The working method of the composite sensor for monitoring the acceleration and the pressure adopts an upper mounting mode or a lower mounting mode, and can realize multi-scene application;
When the pressure monitoring requirement of the composite sensor is not met, an upper mounting mode is adopted, the composite sensor is mounted on a pipeline through an M6 mounting thread at the upper end of the upper shell 1, and only the acceleration sensor works at the moment;
When the composite sensor needs to monitor pressure and acceleration at the same time, a lower mounting mode is adopted, as shown in fig. 15, the acceleration sensor and the pressure sensor work simultaneously when the composite sensor is mounted on a pipeline through a lower mounting threaded column 6 of a lower shell 4, when a fluid medium in the pipeline generates a pressure source, the fluid medium passes through a through hole in the middle of a pre-tightening screw 7 to squeeze a thin sheet 16 at the top end of the lower mounting threaded column 6, the pressure is conducted to an electrode block 8 through the thin sheet 16 and is further conducted to small piezoelectric ceramics, the small piezoelectric ceramics outputs a signal based on a piezoelectric effect after being squeezed, so that the pressure in the pipeline can be monitored, if vibration is generated on the surface of the pipeline, the sensor body generates tiny vibration, the vibration generates extrusion on the large piezoelectric ceramics due to inertia when the mass block 12 on the core body of the acceleration sensor moves up and down, and charge signals are output based on the piezoelectric effect, and therefore the vibration monitoring on the surface of the pipeline can be realized.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite sensor for monitoring acceleration and pressure is characterized by comprising an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell, wherein the upper end of the upper shell is provided with M6 mounting threads, the lower end of the upper shell is provided with a hexagonal base, and a groove space is reserved on the inner side of the lower end of the hexagonal base and is used for vibrating a core body structure of the acceleration sensor;
The middle part of the inner side of the middle shell is provided with a double-end beam piece which is of a sheet structure, and two ends of the double-end beam piece are fixedly connected with the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the middle shell or integrally formed;
The lower shell is a hexagonal base, the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a mounting groove for mounting a pressure sensor core structure, and the upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are welded and connected.
2. The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the acceleration sensor core structure comprises an electrode plate, a mass block, a fastening nut and two pieces of large piezoelectric ceramics, wherein the first piece of large piezoelectric ceramics, the electrode plate, the second piece of large piezoelectric ceramics and the mass block are sequentially arranged on a cylindrical screw rod of the double-end beam plate, an M2 mounting thread is arranged at the top end of the cylindrical screw rod, and the M2 mounting thread is screwed by the fastening nut.
3. The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring according to claim 2, wherein the electrode plate is of a thin-plate circular ring structure, a convex surface is arranged on one side of the electrode plate for welding and fixing a wire, a wire connecting nozzle is used for outputting signals, the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block are of circular ring structures, and a through hole is reserved in the middle of the large piezoelectric ceramic and the mass block.
4. A combined sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in, that the thickness of the double-ended beam sheet is 0.5mm.
5. The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring according to claim 4, wherein the pressure sensor core structure comprises an insulating ring, a lower mounting threaded column, a pre-tightening screw, two pieces of small piezoelectric ceramics and two electrode blocks, wherein the insulating ring is placed in a mounting groove of the lower shell, and a first piece of small piezoelectric ceramics is arranged on the inner side of the insulating ring and is attached to the top surface of the mounting groove;
The top of the lower mounting threaded column is attached to the second electrode block, the lower mounting threaded column is in butt joint with the lower shell and then is in welded connection, and a pre-tightening screw rod is arranged in the lower mounting threaded column.
6. The composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of claim 5, wherein the insulating ring is a circular ring structure, the small piezoelectric ceramic is a circular ring structure, and a through hole is left in the middle; the electrode block is of a solid wafer structure and is used for outputting electric signals of the small piezoelectric ceramics and providing support, and a lead is welded at the center of the first electrode block and is connected to the connector through a through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramics for signal transmission;
The lower shell is provided with a wire through hole at the center for wire output, the lower mounting threaded column is of a cylindrical structure, a hole is arranged in the middle of the lower mounting threaded column, a thin sheet is arranged at the top end of the lower mounting threaded column, and the thin sheet and the lower mounting threaded column are integrally formed and used as a deformation membrane of the pressure sensor;
The pre-tightening screw is of a cylindrical structure, external threads are arranged on the outer side of the middle lower end of the pre-tightening screw and are used for being matched with M4 internal threads in the lower installation threaded column, and through holes are formed in the middle of the pre-tightening screw and used for circulation and transmission of fluid media.
7. The combined sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of claim 6, characterized in, that the pre-tightening screw bottom is provided with a "rice" shaped groove.
8. The combination sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of claim 7, characterized in, that the sheet thickness of the lower mounting screw post is 0.2mm.
9. The combination sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring of claim 8, characterized in that the assembly process is as follows:
(1) Placing the insulating ring into a mounting groove at the lower end of the lower shell, placing a first piece of small piezoelectric ceramic into the inner side of the insulating ring, and attaching the first piece of small piezoelectric ceramic to the top surface of the mounting groove;
(2) Welding a lead to the center of a first electrode block, attaching the top surface of the first electrode block to a first small piezoelectric ceramic, and sequentially penetrating out from a through hole of the first small piezoelectric ceramic and a lead through hole of a lower shell;
(3) Placing a second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic inside the insulating ring to be attached to the first electrode block, placing the second electrode block inside the insulating ring, and attaching the top of the second electrode block to the second piece of small piezoelectric ceramic;
(4) Abutting the upper end of the lower mounting threaded column with the lower end of the lower shell, and welding after pre-pressing;
(5) Screwing the pre-tightening screw into an M4 internal thread in the lower mounting threaded column;
(6) Sleeving a first large piezoelectric ceramic on a cylindrical screw rod of the double-end beam piece until the first large piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the surface of the double-end beam piece;
(7) Sleeving the electrode plate on a cylindrical screw until the electrode plate is attached to the first large piezoelectric ceramic, and welding a wire on the convex surface of one side of the electrode plate for signal transmission;
(8) Sleeving the second large piezoelectric ceramic on the cylindrical screw rod until the second large piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the electrode plate;
(9) Screwing the fastening nut onto the cylindrical screw;
(10) The upper shell, the middle shell and the lower shell are butted and then welded with contact surfaces;
(11) Two lead wires led out are led out from the mounting holes of the M5 connector at two ends of the middle shell respectively and welded to the central output point of the connector;
(12) The connector is butted to the M5 connector mounting hole of the middle shell, and welded and fixed on the contact surface.
10. The working method of the composite sensor for acceleration and pressure monitoring based on the method of claim 9 is characterized in that the composite sensor adopts an upper installation mode or a lower installation mode, so that multi-scene application can be realized;
When the pressure monitoring requirement of the composite sensor is not met, an upper mounting mode is adopted, the composite sensor is mounted on a pipeline through an M6 mounting thread at the upper end of the upper shell, and only the acceleration sensor works at the moment;
When the fluid medium in the pipeline passes through a pressure source, the fluid medium passes through a through hole in the middle of a pre-tightening screw rod, the sheet at the top end of the lower mounting screw rod is extruded, the pressure is conducted onto an electrode block through the sheet and is further conducted onto small piezoelectric ceramics, the small piezoelectric ceramics output a signal based on piezoelectric effect after extrusion, and therefore pressure monitoring in the pipeline can be achieved.
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| CN119573816B (en) | 2025-10-31 |
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