CN119447801A

CN119447801A - Electronic device and wearable device

Info

Publication number: CN119447801A
Application number: CN202411392097.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张林光
Original assignee: Lenovo Beijing Ltd
Current assignee: Lenovo Beijing Ltd
Priority date: 2024-09-30
Filing date: 2024-09-30
Publication date: 2025-02-14

Abstract

The application provides electronic equipment and wearable equipment, the electronic equipment comprises a closed metal ring, a circuit board, an antenna feed point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit, one end of the antenna feed point is connected with the first position of the metal ring, the other end of the antenna feed point is connected with the circuit board, one end of the first matching circuit is connected with the second position of the metal ring, the other end of the first matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, one end of the second matching circuit is connected with the third position of the metal ring, the other end of the third matching circuit is connected with the fourth position of the metal ring, the other end of the third matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, the metal ring is in a target working frequency band, and the metal ring is used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of the target working frequency band through the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit.

Description

Electronic equipment and wearable equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an electronic device and a wearable device.

Background

Satellite positioning and track recording are one of the important functions of a smart watch. This results in reduced satellite to ground transmission efficiency due to the shielding of the ground building. The satellite's transmitting antenna to the ground typically takes the form of right-hand circular polarization, and there is a polarization mismatch when communicating with the ground. In addition, if the WIFI antenna has circular polarization characteristics, the WIFI antenna has good user experience. The circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of high interference resistance, reduced polarization loss, overcoming multipath effect, miniaturization, broadband and the like. However, watches are subject to limited bulk or industrial design, which makes it difficult to realize circularly polarized antennas.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides electronic equipment and wearable equipment.

An aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including a closed metal ring, a circuit board, an antenna feed point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, and a third matching circuit;

One end of the antenna feed point is connected with a first position of the metal ring, the other end of the antenna feed point is connected with the circuit board, one end of the first matching circuit is connected with a second position of the metal ring, the other end of the first matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, one end of the second matching circuit is connected with a third position of the metal ring, the other end of the second matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, one end of the third matching circuit is connected with a fourth position of the metal ring, and the other end of the third matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, wherein the metal ring is in a target working frequency band, and the metal ring is used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of the target working frequency band through the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit.

The first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit enable the amplitude and the phase of the two working modes of the metal ring radiation target working frequency band to meet target conditions.

The target working frequency range comprises a plurality of different frequency ranges, wherein each target working frequency range corresponds to a group of matching elements, and each group of matching elements comprises subelements distributed in the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit.

The first matching circuit comprises a first switch connected with the metal ring, and the first switch can be respectively communicated with different subelements;

the second matching circuit comprises a second switch connected with the metal ring, and the second switch can be respectively communicated with different subelements;

the third matching circuit comprises a third switch connected with the metal ring, and the third switch can be respectively communicated with different subelements;

The metal ring is positioned in a first target working frequency range, and is communicated with a first subelement corresponding to the first target working frequency range in the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit through the first switch, the second switch and the third switch;

The metal ring is positioned in a second target working frequency range, and is communicated with a second subelement corresponding to the second target working frequency range in the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit through the first switch, the second switch and the third switch;

the metal ring is positioned in a third target working frequency range, and is communicated with a third subelement corresponding to the third target working frequency range in the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit through the first switch, the second switch and the third switch.

Wherein the first position corresponds to between six o 'clock and nine o' clock positions of the surface on which the metal ring is located;

the second position corresponds to between the six o 'clock position and the seven o' clock position of the surface of the metal ring;

the third position corresponds to between the three o 'clock position and the six o' clock position of the surface of the metal ring;

The fourth position corresponds to between the one and three o' clock positions of the surface on which the metal ring is located.

The first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit are arranged or communicated with a first subelement, so that the metal ring is used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of a first target working frequency band, and the current phases of two working modes of the metal ring to radiate the first target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction.

The first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit are arranged or communicated with a second subelement, so that the metal ring is used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of a second target working frequency band, and the current phases of two working modes of the metal ring to radiate the second target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction.

The first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit are arranged or communicated with a third subelement, so that the metal ring is used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of a third target working frequency band, and the current phases of two working modes of the metal ring to radiate the third target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in a clockwise direction.

The system also comprises a modem;

The modem is used for controlling the first switch to be connected with or disconnected from different subelements in the first matching circuit, controlling the second switch to be connected with or disconnected from different subelements in the second matching circuit and controlling the third switch to be connected with or disconnected from different subelements in the third matching circuit.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a wearable device, including an electronic device and a housing;

The electronic equipment comprises a closed metal ring, a circuit board, an antenna feed point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit and a third matching circuit, wherein one end of the antenna feed point is connected with a first position of the metal ring, the other end of the antenna feed point is connected with the circuit board, one end of the first matching circuit is connected with a second position of the metal ring, the other end of the first matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, one end of the second matching circuit is connected with a third position of the metal ring, the other end of the second matching circuit is connected with the circuit board, one end of the third matching circuit is connected with a fourth position of the metal ring, and the other end of the third matching circuit is connected with the circuit board;

the housing encloses the electronic device, at least a portion of the housing forming the metal ring.

It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the application or to delineate the scope of the application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the description that follows.

Drawings

The above, as well as additional purposes, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present application are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:

In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic current diagram of two modes of operation when a metal ring radiates in accordance with one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic current diagram of two modes of operation when a metal ring radiates in accordance with another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first matching circuit according to an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a second matching circuit according to an embodiment of the application;

fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a third matching circuit according to an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 8A shows a schematic diagram of a first matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8B shows a schematic diagram of a second matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8C shows a schematic diagram of a third matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9A illustrates a schematic view of the extent of a first position of a metal ring according to one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9B is a schematic view showing the extent of a first position of a metal ring according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9C is a schematic view showing the extent of a first position of a metal ring according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9D is a schematic view showing the extent of a first position of a metal ring according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 11A shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11B shows a schematic structural diagram of a first matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 11C shows a schematic diagram of a second matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11D shows a schematic structural diagram of a third matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12A shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12B shows a schematic configuration of a first matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12C shows a schematic diagram of a second matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12D shows a schematic diagram of a third matching circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 shows a schematic structural view of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 14 shows a schematic structural view of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 shows an axial ratio diagram of GPSL1 band, GPSL5 band, and WIFI2.4 band according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 16A shows a gain pattern for the GPSL5 band, according to one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 16B shows a gain pattern for the GPSL1 band according to one embodiment of the application;

Fig. 16C shows a gain pattern for the WIFI2.4 band according to one embodiment of the application;

Fig. 17 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

In order to realize a circularly polarized antenna in a small device, improve the anti-interference capability of the small device, reduce polarization loss, overcome multipath effect, miniaturize and widen bandwidth, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a closed metal loop 101, a circuit board 102, an antenna feed point 103, a first matching circuit 104, a second matching circuit 105 and a third matching circuit 106.

One end of the antenna feed point 103 is connected to the first position 1011 of the metal ring 101, the other end is connected to the circuit board 102, one end of the first matching circuit 104 is connected to the second position 1012 of the metal ring 101, the other end is connected to the circuit board 102, one end of the second matching circuit 105 is connected to the third position 1013 of the metal ring 101, the other end is connected to the circuit board 102, one end of the third matching circuit 106 is connected to the fourth position 1014 of the metal ring 101, and the other end is connected to the circuit board 102.

The metal ring 101 is made of a conductive material, and the metal ring 101 may be circular, rectangular, or other suitable shape. In this embodiment, the metal ring 101 is sized 44 mm long, 36 mm wide, and 8 mm high. In other embodiments, the dimensions of the metal ring 101 may be adjusted according to specific needs.

The metal ring 101 is disposed at the periphery of the circuit board 102 and spaced apart from the circuit board 102 by a predetermined distance, and the spaced-apart space forms a clearance area. In this embodiment, the metal ring 101 is spaced 1.5 mm from the circuit board 102. In other embodiments, the preset distance between the metal ring 101 and the circuit board 102 can be adjusted according to specific requirements.

The antenna feed point 103 has one end connected to the first position 1011 of the metal loop 101 and the other end connected to a position corresponding to the first position 1011 in the circuit board 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the first location 1011 is disposed at the seven o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, and the other end of the antenna feed 103 is connected to the seven o' clock position of the circuit board 102. More specifically, the antenna feed point 103 is connected to a radio frequency circuit in the circuit board 102, where the radio frequency circuit is located at a position corresponding to the first position 1011 in the circuit board 102.

The first matching circuit 104 has one end connected to the second position 1012 of the metal ring 101 and the other end connected to a position corresponding to the second position 1012 in the circuit board 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the second location 1012 is set at the six o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, and the other end of the first matching circuit 104 is connected to the six o' clock position of the circuit board 102. More specifically, the first matching circuit 104 is connected to a reference ground in the circuit board 102, where the reference ground is located at a position that covers a position in the circuit board 102 that corresponds to the second position 1012.

The second matching circuit 105 has one end connected to the third position 1013 of the metal ring 101 and the other end connected to a position corresponding to the third position 1013 in the circuit board 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the third position 1013 is provided at the four o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, and the other end of the second matching circuit 105 is connected to the four o' clock position of the circuit board 102. More specifically, the second matching circuit 105 is connected to the reference ground in the circuit board 102, and the reference ground is located at a position that also covers the position in the circuit board 102 corresponding to the third position 1013.

The third matching circuit 106 has one end connected to the fourth position 1014 of the metal ring 101 and the other end connected to a position corresponding to the fourth position 1014 in the circuit board 102. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the fourth location 1014 is set at the two o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, and the other end of the third matching circuit 106 is connected to the two o' clock position of the circuit board 102. More specifically, the third matching circuit 106 is connected to a reference ground in the circuit board 102, and the reference ground is located at a position that also covers a position in the circuit board 102 corresponding to the fourth position 1014.

The metal ring 101 is in a target working frequency band, and the first matching circuit 102, the second matching circuit 103 and the third matching circuit 104 enable the metal ring 101 to be used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of the target working frequency band.

The first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are each provided with a capacitor and/or an inductor. The metal loop 101 is configured and adjusted as a signal of the circularly polarized antenna radiating the target operating frequency band by a combination of capacitances and/or inductances in the first location 1011, the second location 1012, the third location 1013, and the fourth location 1014 in the metal loop 101, and in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106.

In the above-described arrangement, the combination of the capacitances and/or inductances in the first, second, third, and fourth locations 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014 and in the first, second, and third matching circuits 104, 105, 106 in the metal ring 101 is configured. So that the metal loop 101 radiates a signal of the target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna. By adjusting the first position 1011, the second position 1012, the third position 1013, and the fourth position 1014 in the metal ring 101 and the combination of the capacitances and/or inductances in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106, the target operating frequency band of the radiation signal of the metal ring 101 and the type of the circularly polarized signal can be switched. And the electronic equipment of this scheme simple and easy structure only need set up electric capacity and/or inductance, and the cost is lower, easy integration. The method realizes the construction of the circularly polarized antenna in the small-sized equipment, improves the anti-interference capability of the small-sized equipment, reduces the polarization loss, overcomes the multipath effect, and is miniaturized and broadband.

In an example of the present application, an electronic device is further provided, and the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 enable the amplitude and the phase of the two operation modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the target operation frequency band to meet the target condition.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, the metal ring 101 is caused to simultaneously operate in the M3 operation mode and the M4 operation mode when radiating a signal by the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106. In the M3 mode of operation, the phase of the current is 90 degrees, so that the cell forms an X-polarization. In the M4 mode of operation, the phase of the current is 0 degrees, so that the electric field forms a Y polarization. Therefore, the current phases of the two working modes form a 90-degree phase difference, the radiated signals rotate clockwise, and the amplitude of the radiated signals meets 2400MHz-2500MHz of the metal ring 101, so that the left-hand circularly polarized signals of the WIFI2.4 frequency band can be radiated.

As another example, as shown in fig. 3, the metal ring 101 is made to simultaneously operate in the M2 operation mode and the M3 operation mode when radiating a signal by the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106. In the M2 mode of operation, the phase of the current is 0 degrees, so that the electric field forms a Y polarization. In the M3 mode of operation, the phase of the current is 90 degrees, so that the cell forms an X-polarization. Therefore, the current phases of the two working modes form a 90-degree phase difference, the radiated signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, and the amplitude of the radiated signals meets the requirement that the metal ring 101 radiates 1575MHz signals, so that right-hand circularly polarized signals of the GPSL1 frequency band can be radiated.

In the above-described scheme, by adjusting the settings of the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106, the amplitude and phase of the two operation modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the target operation frequency band can be changed. When the amplitude and phase of the two operation modes of the target operation frequency band radiated by the metal ring 101 satisfy the specific conditions, the metal ring 101 can radiate the signal of the target operation frequency band required during operation.

In an example of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, the target operating frequency band includes a plurality of different frequency band ranges, where each target operating frequency band corresponds to a set of matching elements, and each set of matching elements includes sub-elements 107 distributed among the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106.

In this embodiment, the subelement 107 can be a capacitor or an inductor. In other embodiments, any impedance element may be selected for subelement 107.

The target operating frequency band includes a plurality of different frequency band ranges. For example, the WIFI2.4 band ranges from 2400MHz to 2500MHz. For another example, the WIFI5 band may have a band range of 5150MHz to 5825MHz.

By the sub-elements 107 distributed in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105 and the third matching circuit 106, a group of matching elements is formed, so that the metal ring 101 can radiate signals of a target working frequency band.

For example, as shown in table 1, the subelement 107 in the first matching circuit 104 is set to a capacitance having a capacitance value of 5.3pF (nano-meter), the subelement 107 in the second matching circuit 105 is set to a capacitance having a capacitance value of 5.1pF, and the subelement 107 in the third matching circuit 106 is set to a capacitance having a capacitance value of 0.8pF, so that the metal ring 101 can radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal in the GPSL5 band.

As another example, as shown in table 1, the subelement 107 in the first matching circuit 104 is set to a capacitance with a capacitance value of 2.6pF, the subelement 107 in the second matching circuit 105 is set to a capacitance with a capacitance value of 0.2pF, and the subelement 107 in the third matching circuit 106 is set to an inductance with an inductance value of 3.9pH (nano henry), so that the metal ring 101 can radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal in the GPSL1 frequency band.

For another example, as shown in table 1, the subelement 107 in the first matching circuit 104 is set to a capacitance with a capacitance value of 2.6pF, the subelement 107 in the second matching circuit 105 is set to a capacitance with a capacitance value of 0.4pF, and the subelement 107 in the third matching circuit 106 is set to a capacitance with a capacitance value of 0.4pF, so that the metal ring 101 can radiate a left-hand circularly polarized signal in the WIFI2.4 band.

Target operating frequency band	Polarization of	First matching circuit	Second matching circuit	Third matching circuit
					GPSL5	Right hand circular polarization	5.3PF capacitor	5.1PF capacitor	Capacitance of 0.8pF
GPSL1	Right hand circular polarization	2.6PF capacitor	Capacitance of 0.2pF	3.9PH inductance
					WIFI2.4	Left-hand circular polarization	2.6PF capacitor	Capacitance of 0.4pF	Capacitance of 0.4pF

TABLE 1

In the above-mentioned scheme, the subelements 107 distributed in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105 and the third matching circuit 106 are adjusted to form the matching element group corresponding to the target operating frequency band, so that the metal ring 101 can radiate the signal of the target operating frequency band required during the operation.

In an example of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the first matching circuit 104 includes a first switch 1041 connected to the metal ring 101, where the first switch 1041 is capable of communicating with different sub-elements 107 respectively.

At least two different sub-elements 107 may be provided in the first matching circuit 104, and by switching the first switch 1041, the sub-elements 107 that are connected can be switched. The number of channels that the first switch 1041 can communicate with is the same as the number of sub-elements 107 provided in the first matching circuit 104. For example, four different subelements 107 are provided in the first matching circuit 104, and the first switch 1041 should be a four-way switch.

As shown in fig. 6, the second matching circuit 105 includes a second switch 1051 connected to the metal ring 101, and the second switch 1051 is capable of communicating with different subelements 107, respectively.

At least two different sub-elements 107 may be provided in the second matching circuit 105, and by switching the second switch 1051, the communicating sub-elements 107 can be switched. The number of channels through which the second switch 1051 can communicate is the same as the number of subelements 107 provided in the second matching circuit 105. For example, if three different subelements 107 are provided in the second matching circuit 105, the second switch 1051 should be a three-way switch.

As shown in fig. 7, the third matching circuit 106 includes a third switch 1061 connected to the metal ring 101, where the third switch 1061 is capable of communicating with different subelements 107, respectively.

At least two different sub-elements 107 may be provided in the third matching circuit 106, and by switching the third switch 1061, the communicating sub-elements 107 can be switched. The number of channels that the third switch 1061 can communicate with is the same as the number of subelements 107 provided in the third matching circuit 106. For example, two different subelements 107 are provided in the third matching circuit 106, and the third switch 1061 should be a two-way switch.

The metal ring 101 is in a first target working frequency band, and is connected to a first sub-element corresponding to the first target working frequency band in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 through the first switch 1041, the second switch 1051, and the third switch 1061.

The metal ring 101 is in a second target operating frequency band, and is connected to a second sub-element corresponding to the second target operating frequency band in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 through the first switch 1041, the second switch 1051, and the third switch 1061.

The metal ring 101 is in a third target operating frequency band, and is connected to a third sub-element corresponding to the third target operating frequency band in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 through the first switch 1041, the second switch 1051, and the third switch 1061.

For example, the first target working frequency band is set as a GPSL5 frequency band, the second target working frequency band is set as a GPSL1 frequency band, and the third target working frequency band is set as a WIFI2.4 frequency band. As shown in fig. 8A, 3 sub-elements 107, which are a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 5.3pF, a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF, are provided in the first matching circuit. As shown in fig. 8B, 3 sub-elements 107, which are a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 5.1pF, a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.2pF, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF, are provided in the second matching circuit. As shown in fig. 8C, 3 sub-elements 107, which are a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.8pF, a second sub-element having an inductance value of 3.9pH, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF, are provided in the third matching circuit. The switch 1061 is configured to switch the first switch 1041 to connect the first subelement of the first matching circuit 104 having a capacitance of 5.3pF, switch the second switch 1051 to connect the first subelement of the second matching circuit 105 having a capacitance of 5.1pF, and switch the third switch 1061 to connect the first subelement of the third matching circuit 106 having a capacitance of 0.8 pF. So that the metal loop 101 radiates signals in the GPSL5 band. The second switch 1051 is switched to communicate with the second subelement having a capacitance of 2.6pF in the first matching circuit 104, the second switch 1051 is switched to communicate with the second subelement having a capacitance of 0.2pF in the second matching circuit 105, and the third switch 1061 is switched to communicate with the second subelement having an inductance of 3.9pH in the third matching circuit 106. So that the metal loop 101 radiates signals of the GPSL1 band. By switching the first switch 1041 to connect to the third subelement in the first matching circuit 104 having a capacitance of 2.6pF, switching the second switch 1051 to connect to the third subelement in the second matching circuit 105 having a capacitance of 0.4pF, and switching the third switch 1061 to connect to the third subelement in the third matching circuit 106 having a capacitance of 0.4 pH. So that the metal ring 101 radiates signals in the WIFI2.4 band.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first target operating frequency band, the second target operating frequency band, and the third target operating frequency band may be replaced by any other frequency band, the number of sub-elements in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 may be set based on the number of target operating frequency bands to be switched, and if the target operating frequency band to be switched includes GPSL5 and GPSL1, the number of sub-elements in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 may be set to 2.

The current circular polarized antenna in the market needs to realize the multi-band circular polarized antenna by changing the capacitance and/or inductance inside the electronic equipment, and the multi-band circular polarized antenna cannot be realized on the premise of not changing the capacitance and/or inductance. Therefore, it is currently difficult to realize switchable multiband circularly polarized antennas in small devices.

In the above-described scheme, the first switch 1041 and the same number of sub-elements as the number of target operating frequency bands to be switched are provided in the first matching circuit 104, the second switch 1051 and the same number of sub-elements as the number of target operating frequency bands to be switched are provided in the second matching circuit 105, and the third switch 1061 and the same number of sub-elements as the number of target operating frequency bands to be switched are provided in the third matching circuit 106. The first switch 1041 controls the sub-element communicated with the first matching circuit 104, the second switch 1051 controls the sub-element communicated with the second matching circuit 105, and the third switch 1061 controls the sub-element communicated with the third matching circuit 106, so that the circularly polarized antenna with various target working frequency bands can be switched in small-sized equipment without changing the structure.

In an example of the present application, there is further provided an electronic device, where the first position 1011 corresponds to a position between six o 'clock and nine o' clock of the surface on which the metal ring 101 is located.

As shown in fig. 9A, the dashed line portion of the metal ring 101 in fig. 9A is a range between the six o 'clock position and the nine o' clock position of the surface where the metal ring 101 is located, and the first position 1011 may be set at any point in the range, so that more operation modes can be excited and the bandwidth is better.

More preferably, the first position 1011 may be set at the seven o' clock position of the metal ring 101.

The second position 1012 corresponds to between the six o 'clock and seven o' clock positions of the surface on which the metal ring 101 is located.

As shown in fig. 9B, the dashed line portion of the metal ring 101 in fig. 9B is a range between the six o 'clock position and the seven o' clock position of the surface where the metal ring 101 is located, and the second position 1012 can be set at any point in the range, so that impedance matching can be optimized, signal reflection can be reduced, and transmission efficiency can be improved. In addition, the coverage and uniformity of signals can be enhanced, the phase and amplitude of circular polarization can be controlled more effectively, and the polarization effect is enhanced.

More preferably, the second location 1012 may be disposed at a midpoint of the six o 'clock and seven o' clock positions of the metal ring 101.

The third position 1013 corresponds to between the three o 'clock and six o' clock positions of the surface on which the metal ring 101 is located.

As shown in fig. 9C, the dashed line portion of the metal ring 101 in fig. 9C is a range between the three o 'clock position and the six o' clock position of the surface where the metal ring 101 is located, and the third position 1013 can be set at any point in the range, so that impedance matching can be optimized, signal reflection can be reduced, and transmission efficiency can be improved. In addition, the coverage and uniformity of signals can be enhanced, the phase and amplitude of circular polarization can be controlled more effectively, and the polarization effect is enhanced.

More preferably, the third location 1013 may be located at the five o' clock position of the metal ring 101.

The fourth position 1014 corresponds to between the one and three o' clock positions of the surface on which the metal ring 101 is located.

As shown in fig. 9D, the dashed line portion of the metal ring 101 in fig. 9D is a range between the one-o-clock position and the three-o-clock position of the surface where the metal ring 101 is located, and the fourth position 1014 can be set at any point in the range, so that impedance matching can be optimized, signal reflection can be reduced, and transmission efficiency can be improved. In addition, the coverage and uniformity of signals can be enhanced, the phase and amplitude of circular polarization can be controlled more effectively, and the polarization effect is enhanced.

More preferably, the fourth location 1014 may be located at a midpoint between the one and three o' clock positions of the metal ring 101.

In an example of the present application, there is further provided an electronic device, where the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are disposed or connected to a first subelement, so that the metal loop 101 radiates a signal of a first target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna, and so that current phases of two operating modes of the metal loop 101 radiating the first target operating frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signal rotates in a counterclockwise direction.

For example, the first target operating band requires the metal loop 101 to radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal. As shown in fig. 10, the first matching circuit 104 has a first sub-element having a capacitance of 5.3pF, the second matching circuit 105 has a first sub-element having a capacitance of 5.1pF, and the third matching circuit 106 has a first sub-element having a capacitance of 0.8 pF. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, namely, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band are realized.

For another example, the first target operating band requires the metal ring 101 to radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal. The electronic device can switch three target operating frequency bands, and therefore, the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are each provided with a first sub-element, a second sub-element, and a third sub-element. As shown in fig. 8A, the first subelement having a capacitance of 5.3pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected by switching the first switch 1041. As shown in fig. 8B, the first subelement having a capacitance value of 5.1pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected by switching the second switch 1051. As shown in fig. 8C, the first subelement having a capacitance value of 0.8pF in the third matching circuit 106 is connected by switching the third switch 1061. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, namely, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band are realized.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting or connecting the first subelements in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105 and the third matching circuit 106, the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the first target working frequency band can be realized.

In an example of the present application, there is further provided an electronic device, where the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are disposed or connected to a second subelement, so that the metal loop 101 radiates a signal of a second target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna, and so that current phases of two operating modes of the metal loop 101 radiating the second target operating frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signal rotates in a counterclockwise direction.

For example, the second target operating band requires the metal loop 101 to radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal. As shown in fig. 11A, the first matching circuit 104 is provided with a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF, the second matching circuit 105 is provided with a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.2pF, and the third matching circuit 106 is provided with a second sub-element having an inductance value of 3.9 pH. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, namely, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band are realized.

For another example, the second target operating band requires the metal ring 101 to radiate a right-hand circularly polarized signal. The electronic device can switch three target operating frequency bands, and therefore, the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are each provided with a first sub-element, a second sub-element, and a third sub-element. As shown in fig. 11B, the second subelement having a capacitance value of 2.6pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected by switching the first switch 1041. As shown in fig. 11C, the second subelement having a capacitance value of 0.2pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected by switching the second switch 1051. As shown in fig. 11D, the second subelement having an inductance value of 3.9pH in the third matching circuit 106 is connected by switching the third switch 1061. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, namely, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band are realized.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting or connecting the second subelements in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105 and the third matching circuit 106, the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the right-hand circularly polarized signals of the metal ring 101 radiating the second target working frequency band can be realized.

In an example of the present application, there is further provided an electronic device, where the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are disposed or connected to a third subelement, so that the metal ring 101 radiates a signal of a third target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna, and the current phases of two operating modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the third target operating frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signal rotates in a clockwise direction.

For example, the third target operating band requires the metal loop 101 to radiate a left-hand circularly polarized signal. As shown in fig. 12A, a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF is provided in the first matching circuit 104, a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF is provided in the second matching circuit 105, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF is provided in the third matching circuit 106. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the third target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the clockwise direction, i.e. the metal ring 101 radiates the left-hand circularly polarized signals of the third target working frequency band.

For another example, the third target operating band requires the metal ring 101 to radiate a left-hand circularly polarized signal. The electronic device can switch three target operating frequency bands, and therefore, the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105, and the third matching circuit 106 are each provided with a first sub-element, a second sub-element, and a third sub-element. As shown in fig. 12B, the third subelement having a capacitance value of 2.6pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected by switching the first switch 1041. As shown in fig. 12C, the third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected by switching the second switch 1051. As shown in fig. 12D, the third subelement having a capacitance value of 0.4pF in the third matching circuit 106 is connected by switching the third switch 1061. So that the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the third target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference and the signals rotate in the clockwise direction, i.e. the metal ring 101 radiates the left-hand circularly polarized signals of the third target working frequency band.

In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting or connecting the third subelement in the first matching circuit 104, the second matching circuit 105 and the third matching circuit 106, the current phases of the two working modes of the metal ring 101 radiating the third target working frequency band form a 90-degree phase difference, and the signals rotate in the clockwise direction, that is, the metal ring 101 radiating the left-hand circularly polarized signals of the third target working frequency band can be realized.

There is also provided in an example of the present application an electronic device, as shown in fig. 13, further comprising a modem 108;

The modem 108 is electrically connected to the first switch 1041, the second switch 1051 and the third switch 1061, and the modem 108 is configured to control the first switch 1041 to connect or disconnect different subelements 107 in the first matching circuit 104, control the second switch 1051 to connect or disconnect different subelements 107 in the second matching circuit 105, and control the third switch 1061 to connect or disconnect different subelements 107 in the third matching circuit 106.

The modem 108 may be disposed on the circuit board 102 or anywhere in the electronic device. Preferably, the modem is located near the processor in the circuit board 102, and is capable of receiving and executing instructions from the processor more quickly.

The modem 108 receives the instruction from the processor and controls the first switch 1041 to switch on or off the different subelements 107 in the first matching circuit 104, the second switch 1051 to switch on or off the different subelements 107 in the second matching circuit 105, and/or the third switch 1061 to switch on or off the different subelements 107 in the third matching circuit 106 based on the instruction.

In an example of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device, as shown in fig. 14, the first position 1011 is disposed at a seven-o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, the second position 1012 is disposed at a midpoint between the six-o' clock position and the seven-o 'clock position of the metal ring 101, the third position 1013 is disposed at a five-o' clock position of the metal ring 101, and the fourth position 1014 is disposed at a midpoint between the one-o 'clock position and the three-o' clock position of the metal ring 101.

As shown in fig. 8A, the first matching circuit 104 is provided with a first switch 1041, a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 5.3pF, a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6 pF. The first sub-element, the second sub-element, or the third sub-element in the first matching circuit 104 may be communicated through the first switch 1041.

As shown in fig. 8B, the second matching circuit 105 is provided with a second switch 1051, a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 5.1pF, a second sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.2pF, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4 pF. The first, second, or third subelements in the second matching circuit 105 may be communicated through the second switch 1051.

As shown in fig. 8C, the third matching circuit 106 is provided with a third switch 1061, a first sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.8pF, a second sub-element having an inductance value of 3.9pH, and a third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4 pF. The first subelement, the second subelement, or the third subelement in the third matching circuit 106 can be communicated through a third switch 1061.

The first subelement having a capacitance value of 5.3pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected through the first switch 1041, the first subelement having a capacitance value of 5.1pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected through the second switch 1051, and the first subelement having a capacitance value of 0.8pF in the third matching circuit 106 is connected through the third switch 1061. The current phases of the M2 working mode and the M3 working mode of the metal ring 101 running simultaneously form a 90-degree phase difference, the radiated signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, and the amplitude of the radiated signals meets the requirement that the metal ring 101 radiates 1176MHz signals, so that right-hand circularly polarized signals of the GPSL5 frequency band are radiated.

The second subelement having a capacitance value of 2.6pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected through the first switch 1041, the second subelement having a capacitance value of 0.2pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected through the second switch 1051, and the second subelement having an inductance value of 3.9pH in the third matching circuit 106 is connected through the third switch 1061. The current phases of the M2 working mode and the M3 working mode of the metal ring 101 running simultaneously form a 90-degree phase difference, the radiated signals rotate in the anticlockwise direction, and the amplitude of the radiated signals meets the requirement that the metal ring 101 radiates 1575MHz signals, so that right-hand circularly polarized signals of the GPSL1 frequency band are radiated.

The third sub-element having a capacitance value of 2.6pF in the first matching circuit 104 is connected through the first switch 1041, the third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF in the second matching circuit 105 is connected through the second switch 1051, and the third sub-element having a capacitance value of 0.4pF in the third matching circuit 106 is connected through the third switch 1061. The current phases of the M3 working mode and the M4 working mode of the metal ring 101 running simultaneously form a 90-degree phase difference, the radiated signals rotate clockwise, and the amplitude of the radiated signals meets 2400MHz-2500MHz of the metal ring 101, so that the left-hand circularly polarized signals of the WIFI2.4 frequency band are radiated.

In this embodiment, when the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the first switch 1041 increases, the resonant frequency of the M2 operation mode shifts to the low level, which mainly affects the GPS L5 frequency band. When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the first switch 1041 communicates is in the vicinity of 5pF, the bandwidth is sharply narrowed.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the first switch 1041 is connected increases, the resonance frequency of the M3 operation mode shifts to a low level. When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the first switch 1041 is connected is in the vicinity of 3pF, the bandwidth of the signal at 2300MHz or more is abruptly flattened.

Only when the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the first switch 1041 is connected is in the vicinity of 3pF, the bandwidth of the signal of the M4 operation mode above 2300MHz abruptly flattens. The remaining capacitance values have no effect on the M4 mode of operation.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the second switch 1051 is connected increases, the resonance frequency of the M2 operation mode shifts to a low level. Mainly influence GPSL1 frequency band and GPSL5 frequency band, have no influence to WIFI 2.4.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the second switch 1051 is connected increases, the resonance frequency of the M2 operation mode changes slightly. But affects bandwidth, especially for WIFI2.4 bands. The smaller the capacitance value of the subelement 107 to which the second switch 1051 communicates, the better the corresponding bandwidth.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the second switch 1051 changes, no influence is exerted on the M4 operation mode.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 increases, the resonant frequency of the M2 operating mode shifts toward a lower frequency, and the bandwidth becomes wider. However, when the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected to the third switch 1061 is greater than 3pF, the subelement is close to the short circuit state and mainly operates around 1850 MHz.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 increases, the resonant frequency of the M3 operating mode shifts toward a low frequency offset, and the bandwidth becomes narrower. However, when the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected to the third switch 1061 is greater than 3pF, it is close to the short circuit state. While the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 is near 0.5pF, it is close to the open state.

When the capacitance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 changes, there is no influence on the M4 operation mode.

When the inductance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 increases, the resonant frequencies of the M2 operation mode and the M3 operation mode are both shifted toward low frequency, and the shift amplitude is small.

When the inductance value of the subelement 107 connected by the third switch 1061 changes, no influence is exerted on the M4 operation mode.

In the above scheme, the working mode of the antenna is switched by loading different capacitances and/or inductances through the switch, so that the three-frequency circular polarization characteristic is realized. The scheme is simple, easy to implement and has good antenna performance. And in actual measurement, the axial ratio is smaller than 3dB in GPSL5 frequency band, GPSL1 frequency band and WIFI2.4 frequency band as shown in figure 15. As shown in fig. 16A, 16B and 16C, gain patterns in the GPSL5 band, the GPSL1 band and the WIFI2.4 band all have the characteristic of good omnidirectionality.

An example of the present application provides a wearable device, as shown in fig. 17, comprising an electronic device 100 and a housing 200;

The electronic equipment 100 comprises a closed metal ring 101, a circuit board 102, an antenna feed point 103, a first matching circuit 104, a second matching circuit 105 and a third matching circuit 106, wherein one end of the antenna feed point 103 is connected with a first position 1011 of the metal ring 101, the other end of the antenna feed point is connected with the circuit board 102, one end of the first matching circuit 104 is connected with a second position 1012 of the metal ring 101, the other end of the first matching circuit is connected with the circuit board 102, one end of the second matching circuit 105 is connected with a third position 1013 of the metal ring 101, the other end of the second matching circuit 105 is connected with the circuit board 102, one end of the third matching circuit 106 is connected with a fourth position 1014 of the metal ring 101, and the other end of the third matching circuit 106 is connected with the circuit board 102;

The housing 200 encloses the electronic device 100, at least a portion of the housing 200 forming the metal ring 101.

The housing 200 may be made of a non-metal material, and the inner wall of the housing 200 may be made of a metal material to form the metal ring 101, so that the volume of the wearable device can be minimized while the circularly polarized antenna is implemented in the wearable device.

It should be appreciated that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as shown above are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the disclosure, but the protection scope of the disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the disclosure, and it is intended to cover the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device includes a closed metal loop, a circuit board, an antenna feed point, a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, and a third matching circuit;

one end of the antenna feed point is connected with the first position of the metal ring, and the other end of the antenna feed point is connected with the circuit board; one end of the first matching circuit is connected with the second position of the metal ring, and the other end of the first matching circuit is connected with the circuit board; one end of the second matching circuit is connected with a third position of the metal ring, and the other end of the second matching circuit is connected with the circuit board;

The metal ring is positioned in a target working frequency band, and the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit enable the metal ring to be used as a circularly polarized antenna to radiate signals of the target working frequency band.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the third matching circuit enable the amplitudes and phases of the two operation modes of the metal loop radiation target operation frequency band to meet target conditions.

3. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the target operating frequency band comprises a plurality of different frequency band ranges, wherein each target operating frequency band corresponds to a set of matching elements, each set of matching elements comprising sub-elements distributed across the first, second, and third matching circuits.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, the first matching circuit comprising a first switch connected to the metal ring, the first switch being capable of communicating with different sub-elements, respectively;

5. The electronic device of claim 2, the first position corresponding to between six o 'clock and nine o' clock positions of a surface on which the metal ring is located;

6. The electronic device of claim 3 or 4, the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the third matching circuit being arranged or in communication with a first sub-element such that the metallic ring radiates a signal of a first target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna, and such that the metallic ring radiates current phases of two modes of operation of the first target operating frequency band to form a 90 degree phase difference and the signal rotates in a counter-clockwise direction.

7. The electronic device of claim 3 or 4, the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the third matching circuit being arranged or in communication with a second sub-element such that the metallic ring radiates signals of a second target operating band as a circularly polarized antenna, and such that the metallic ring radiates current phases of two modes of operation of the second target operating band to form a 90 degree phase difference and the signals rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.

8. The electronic device of claim 3 or 4, the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, and the third matching circuit being arranged or in communication with a third subelement such that the metallic ring radiates a signal of a third target operating frequency band as a circularly polarized antenna, and such that the metallic ring radiates current phases of two modes of operation of the third target operating frequency band to form a 90 degree phase difference and the signal rotates in a clockwise direction.

9. The electronic device of claim 4, further comprising a modem;

10. A wearable device comprising an electronic device and a housing;