CN119436006B - A method and device for spectral remote sensing of gas leakage in hydrogen-blended natural gas stations - Google Patents
A method and device for spectral remote sensing of gas leakage in hydrogen-blended natural gas stationsInfo
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- CN119436006B CN119436006B CN202310987946.0A CN202310987946A CN119436006B CN 119436006 B CN119436006 B CN 119436006B CN 202310987946 A CN202310987946 A CN 202310987946A CN 119436006 B CN119436006 B CN 119436006B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/005—Protection or supervision of installations of gas pipelines, e.g. alarm
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/38—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote measurement method and device for gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-doped natural gas station, wherein the remote measurement device comprises a laser emission system, an optical receiving system, a signal processing and data acquisition system, a video acquisition system, a cradle head and a power supply, wherein the optical receiving system is connected with the signal processing and data acquisition system, the signal processing and data acquisition system is connected with the video acquisition system, the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the power supply are arranged on the cradle head, and the power supply is respectively connected with the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the cradle head. According to the invention, the laser with specific wavelength irradiates the leaked gas cloud cluster to obtain the displacement of the Stokes Raman scattering spectrum line, so that the qualitative detection of the leaked gas is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas telemetry, and particularly relates to a method and a device for remotely measuring gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-doped natural gas station.
Background
The cost of newly constructing a pure hydrogen pipeline is very high, and the hydrogen loading and conveying through the existing natural gas pipe network is an important means for realizing long-distance, large-scale and low-cost conveying of hydrogen. However, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide are used as flammable and explosive toxic and harmful gases, which are extremely easy to cause serious risks of leakage, ignition, explosion and the like due to corrosion perforation, sealing element failure, moving equipment failure and the like, and threaten the personal safety of station personnel. The existing hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide point contact type gas sensors in the station, such as catalytic combustion type, electrochemical type, resistance type, optical type and other sensors, have the characteristics of high monitoring and detecting precision, good economical efficiency and the like, but also have the characteristics of small monitoring and detecting space coverage, short service life of the sensors, and are easily affected by meteorological conditions, sensor installation positions and the like to generate false alarm and missing alarm conditions.
Aiming at the problems, a spectrum remote sensing hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas leakage monitoring technology which has large coverage, high efficiency and accuracy and can be early-warned in real time is deployed on the basis of arranging a spot-type gas sensor in a hydrogen-doped natural gas station, so that the safety of station personnel and equipment facilities is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses a remote measuring device for the gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-doped natural gas station, which comprises a laser emission system, an optical receiving system, a signal processing and data acquisition system, a video acquisition system, a cradle head and a power supply;
The optical receiving system is connected with the signal processing and data acquisition system;
The signal processing and data acquisition system is connected with the video acquisition system;
The laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the power supply are arranged on the cradle head;
the power supply is respectively connected with the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the cradle head.
Further, the laser emission system comprises a laser emitter, an edge filter, a collimator and a laser beam expander;
The laser emitter, the edge filter, the collimator and the laser beam expander are sequentially arranged on an axis.
Further, the optical receiving system comprises a telescope and a coaxial five-channel detection unit;
the telescope is connected with the coaxial five-channel detection unit.
Further, the coaxial five-channel detection unit comprises a channel, an edge filter, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a condensing lens, a band-pass filter, a first signal collector, a second signal collector, a third signal collector, a fourth signal collector and a fifth signal collector;
the channel comprises a channel inlet, a first cross, a second cross, a nitrogen channel, a water vapor channel, a hydrogen channel, a methane channel and a hydrogen sulfide channel;
The edge filter plate is arranged at the channel inlet;
The first beam splitter is arranged at a first cross;
the second beam splitter is arranged at the twenty-first intersection;
the first signal collector, the condensing lens and the band-pass filter are sequentially arranged on the nitrogen channel;
the second signal collector, the condensing lens and the band-pass filter are sequentially arranged on the water vapor channel;
the third signal collector, the condensing lens and the band-pass filter are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen channel;
the fourth signal collector, the condensing lens and the band-pass filter are sequentially arranged on the methane channel;
The fifth signal collector, the condensing lens and the band-pass filter are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen sulfide channel.
Still further, the channel is "twenty" shaped.
Still further, the signal processing and data acquisition system includes a first ac amplifier, a second ac amplifier, a third ac amplifier, a fourth ac amplifier, a fifth ac amplifier, and a central processing unit;
the first alternating current amplifier is connected with the first signal collector;
the second alternating current amplifier is connected with the second signal collector;
the third alternating current amplifier is connected with a third signal collector;
the fourth alternating current amplifier is connected with a fourth signal collector;
the fifth alternating current amplifier is connected with a fifth signal collector;
The first alternating current amplifier, the second alternating current amplifier, the third alternating current amplifier, the fourth alternating current amplifier and the fifth alternating current amplifier are respectively connected with the central processing unit;
The central processing unit comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a field programmable gate array, a central processing unit, a data acquisition unit and a computer.
Still further, the video acquisition system is a visible light camera.
Further, the cradle head comprises a three-dimensional cradle head and a cradle head driving circuit;
The three-dimensional cradle head is connected with the cradle head driving circuit.
The invention also discloses a remote measurement method for the gas leakage spectrum of the hydrogen-doped natural gas station, which comprises the following steps:
The laser emission system emits pulse laser with specific wavelength, irradiates the leaked gas cloud cluster, and generates Raman scattered light after photons and leaked gas molecules are in inelastic collision;
The optical receiving system receives the Raman scattered light, converts the Raman scattered light into an electric signal after light splitting and filtering treatment, and sends the electric signal to the signal processing and data acquisition system;
Based on background visible light image data acquired by a video acquisition system, a signal processing and data acquisition system processes the electric signals to obtain Raman scattering spectrums;
Determining a leak gas molecular species based on the raman scattering spectrum;
determining a gas leak point location based on the raman scattered light signal source;
The concentration of the leak gas is determined from the ratio of raman scattered light of the leak gas and nitrogen gas measured simultaneously.
Still further, the raman shift of the leaked gas molecules is determined by the following formula:
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1) Irradiating the leaked gas cloud cluster by using laser with specific wavelength to obtain the displacement of Stokes Raman scattering spectral line, so as to realize qualitative detection of the leaked gas;
2) Combining a laser radar equation, measuring the concentration of the leaked gas according to the ratio of the Raman scattering signals of the leaked gas and the atmospheric nitrogen which are measured simultaneously, and realizing quantitative detection of the leaked gas;
3) The remote sensing monitoring and detecting of the leakage of the hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas are realized, the coverage area, the efficiency and the accuracy of monitoring and detecting are improved, and the problems of missing report, false report and narrow coverage area of the traditional contact type gas sensor are solved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of a method of remote measurement of gas leakage spectra of a hydrogen-loaded natural gas farm in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-loaded natural gas yard gas leakage spectrum telemetry device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a coaxial five-channel detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The laser device comprises the following components of 1, a laser emitter, 2, an edge filter, 3, a collimator, 4, a laser beam expander, 5, a Fresnel lens, 6, a telescope, 7, an edge filter, 8-1, a first light splitter, 8-2, a second light splitter, 9-1, a first signal collector, 9-2, a second signal collector, 9-3, a third signal collector, 9-4, a fourth signal collector, 9-5, a fifth signal collector, 10-1, a first alternating current amplifier, 10-2, a second alternating current amplifier, 10-3, a third alternating current amplifier, 10-4, a fourth alternating current amplifier, 10-5, a fifth alternating current amplifier, 11, a central processing unit, 12, a visible light camera, 13, a three-dimensional tripod head, 14, a tripod head driving circuit, 15, a power supply, 16, a condensing lens, 17 and a band-pass filter.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The natural gas gathering and transportation station is easy to cause inflammable and explosive, toxic and harmful gas medium leakage due to the sealing failure, corrosion perforation and other reasons of the equipment and facility sealing parts, so that accidents such as ignition explosion, atmospheric pollution and the like are caused. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the monitoring capability of site medium gas leakage.
The raman spectrum belongs to a molecular vibration spectrum, and molecular structure information is obtained by measuring the change of scattered light relative to the frequency of incident light, and is irrelevant to the frequency of incident photons and the level difference of molecular transition energy.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of a method for remote measurement of gas leakage spectra from a hydrogen-loaded natural gas farm in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for remote measurement of gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-doped natural gas station provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
S101, a laser emission system emits pulse laser with specific wavelength, the laser irradiates on leaked gas cloud clusters such as hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide, a small amount of photon frequency and light direction change according to different molecular scattering sections after photons and leaked gas molecules are in inelastic collision, and Raman scattered light (Raman scattered light is a component with different wavelength and frequency from the incident laser, and longer wavelength scattering is Stokes Raman scattered light). The pulsed laser has a wavelength of 355nm, a power of 60mJ and a frequency of 20Hz, for example.
S102, the optical receiving system receives Stokes Raman scattering light signals generated by the leaked gas cloud, converts the Stokes Raman scattering light signals into electric signals after light splitting and filtering processing, and sends the electric signals to the signal processing and data acquisition system.
S103, based on background visible light image data acquired by a video acquisition system, a signal processing and data acquisition system processes the electric signals to obtain Raman scattering spectrums, the molecular species of leaked gas is qualitatively detected according to displacement variation generated by a Stokes Raman scattering light signal obtained by the Raman scattering spectrums, the Stokes Raman scattering wavelength displacement is dependent on the molecular species, so that the molecular species can be identified from the wavelength of Stokes light, a Raman displacement calculation formula is shown as formula (1), and the qualitative detection of leaked gas can be performed according to the Raman spectrum displacement of common gas in a natural gas gathering and transportation station.
Taking a Q-switched pulsed Nd: YAG laser (355 nm,60mJ,20 Hz) as an example of a laser source, under 355nm incident laser irradiation, the Raman scattering wavelengths of part of the leaked gas molecules are as follows, and the Raman scattering wavelengths of nitrogen, water vapor, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gases are 386.7nm, 407.8nm, 416nm, 395.6nm and 390.9nm, respectively.
Taking a Nd: YAG laser (second harmonic wavelength of 532nm,5-7ns,10 Hz) as a laser light source for example, under 355nm incident laser irradiation, the Raman scattering wavelengths of partial leaked gas molecules are as follows, and the Raman scattering wavelengths of nitrogen, water vapor, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gases are 607.31nm, 660.28nm, 683.01nm, 629.72nm and 617.44nm, respectively.
S104, determining the position of the gas leakage point according to the source of the Stokes Raman scattering optical signal.
S105, taking a backward echo signal of nitrogen with stable content in the atmosphere as a reference value, and determining the concentration of the leaked gas according to the ratio of the Raman scattered light of the leaked gas and the nitrogen, which are measured simultaneously. By way of example, raman scattered light of the leak gas and nitrogen can be calculated according to the following lidar equation (2).
Taking hydrogen as an example, the quantitative calculation method of the leakage concentration of hydrogen is as follows:
Wherein S Gas is a Raman scattered light signal of leaked gas, S N2 is a Raman scattered light signal of nitrogen in the atmosphere, eta is photon efficiency of a detector (a signal collector in a coaxial five-channel detection unit), P 0 is laser power, K is collection efficiency of an optical receiving system, Y (r) is an overlapping function of an emitted laser beam and a view field of a light receiver (the optical receiving system), A is a light receiving surface area of the light receiver, r is a telemetry distance (namely a distance between a leaked gas cloud and a telemetry device), N is gas density, sigma is a Raman scattering section, c is a light velocity, tau is a laser pulse width, alpha L is an extinction coefficient, and alpha R is an extinction coefficient of Raman scattered light.
Raman scattering light signals of the gas leaked into the air and the atmosphere N 2 are simultaneously measured by using the raman lidar, and the concentration of leaked gas such as hydrogen, methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc. can be obtained according to S Gas(r)/SN2 (r).
According to the remote measurement method for the leakage spectrum of the gas in the hydrogen-doped natural gas station, disclosed by the invention, the displacement of the Stokes Raman scattering spectrum line is obtained by irradiating the leakage gas cloud cluster with laser with specific wavelength, so that the leakage gas is qualitatively detected, and the concentration of the leakage gas is measured according to the ratio of the Raman scattering signals of the leakage gas and atmospheric nitrogen which are measured simultaneously by combining a laser radar equation, so that the quantitative detection of the leakage gas is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, based on the above-mentioned method for measuring the spectrum of gas leakage in the hydrogen-doped natural gas station, the present embodiment provides a device for measuring the spectrum of gas leakage in the hydrogen-doped natural gas station, which comprises a laser emission system, an optical receiving system, a signal processing and data acquisition system, a video acquisition system, a cradle head and a power supply 15;
The optical receiving system is connected with the signal processing and data acquisition system;
The signal processing and data acquisition system is connected with the video acquisition system;
the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the power supply 15 are arranged on the cradle head;
The power supply 15 is respectively connected with the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the cradle head.
A laser emission system for emitting laser light of a specific wave field;
an optical receiving system for receiving the raman scattered light and converting it into an electrical signal;
The signal processing and data acquisition system is used for processing the electric signals to obtain Raman scattering spectra and leakage gas molecular species;
the video acquisition system is used for acquiring background visible light image data;
the cradle head is used for providing angles meeting the shooting of horizontal and pitching view fields;
And the power supply 15 is used for providing electric energy for the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the cradle head.
The remote sensing device for the gas leakage spectrum of the hydrogen-doped natural gas station realizes remote sensing monitoring and detection of the leakage of the hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas, improves the coverage area, efficiency and precision of monitoring and detection, and solves the problems of missing report, false report and narrow coverage area of the traditional contact type gas sensor.
In some embodiments, the laser emission system comprises a laser emitter 1, an edge filter 2, a collimator 3, a laser beam expander 4, and a mirror;
the laser emitter 1, the edge filter 2, the collimator 3 and the laser beam expander 4 are sequentially arranged on an axis. The reflecting mirror can be arranged at a certain position of the laser path according to actual requirements and is used for changing the laser emission direction.
A laser transmitter 1 for transmitting monochromatic light of a specific wavelength, frequency, power pulse;
an edge filter 2 for filtering stray light outside a specific wavelength emitted from the laser emitter 1;
A collimator 3 for condensing divergent laser beams emitted from the laser emitter resonant cavity;
a laser beam expander 4 for expanding the diameter of the parallel input beam to a larger diameter, a parallel output beam of divergent angle;
And the reflecting mirror is used for changing the propagation direction of the laser light path.
The laser emission system can emit laser with specific wavelength according to actual requirements, so that the molecular species of leaked gas can be conveniently identified.
In some embodiments, the optical receiving system comprises a telescope 6 and a coaxial five-channel detection unit;
A Fresnel lens 5 is arranged in the telescope 6;
the telescope 6 is connected with a coaxial five-channel detection unit.
A telescope 6 for receiving and collecting raman scattered light generated after the monochromatic laser photons collide with the hydrogen-doped natural gas leakage gas;
and the coaxial five-channel detection unit is used for dividing the Raman scattered light which is axially incident into five channels and selectively detecting five gases of nitrogen, water vapor, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the coaxial five-channel detection unit includes a channel, an edge filter 7, a first beam splitter 8-1, a second beam splitter 8-2, a condenser lens 16, a band-pass filter 17, a first signal collector 9-1, a second signal collector 9-2, a third signal collector 9-3, a fourth signal collector 9-4, and a fifth signal collector 9-5;
The channel is twenty -shaped and comprises a channel inlet, a first cross, a second cross, a nitrogen channel, a water vapor channel, a hydrogen channel, a methane channel and a hydrogen sulfide channel;
The edge filter 7 is arranged at the channel inlet;
the first beam splitter 8-1 is arranged at a first cross;
the second beam splitter 8-2 is arranged at the cross;
the first signal collector 9-1, the condensing lens 16 and the band-pass filter 17 are sequentially arranged on the nitrogen channel;
The second signal collector 9-2, the condensing lens 16 and the band-pass filter 17 are sequentially arranged on the water vapor channel;
The third signal collector 9-3, the condensing lens 16 and the band-pass filter 17 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen channel;
the fourth signal collector 9-4, the condensing lens 16 and the band-pass filter 17 are sequentially arranged on the methane channel;
the fifth signal collector 9-5, the condensing lens 16 and the band-pass filter 17 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen sulfide channel. Wherein the band pass filter 17 is near the intersection.
The edge filter 7 is used for filtering interference signals such as a laser light source, background scattered light and the like;
The first beam splitter 8-1 is used for carrying out beam splitting treatment on the received leaked gas Raman scattered light and nitrogen and water vapor in the atmosphere;
the second beam splitter 8-2 is used for splitting the Raman scattered light of the hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide leakage gas with the atmospheric nitrogen and water vapor filtered;
A condensing lens 16 for condensing raman scattered light of five gases, i.e., nitrogen, water vapor, hydrogen, methane, and hydrogen sulfide;
a band-pass filter 17 for selectively acquiring raman scattered light leaking gas through a specific wavelength;
The first signal collector 9-1 is used for converting the weak Raman scattering optical signals of the nitrogen into electrical signals;
the second signal collector 9-2 is used for converting the weak Raman scattering light signal of the water vapor into an electric signal;
the third signal collector 9-3 is used for converting the weak Raman scattering light signal of the hydrogen into an electric signal;
A fourth signal collector 9-4 for converting the weak raman scattered light signal of methane gas into an electrical signal;
And a fifth signal collector 9-5 for converting the weak raman scattered light signal of the hydrogen sulfide gas into an electrical signal.
The coaxial five-channel detection unit is used for detecting the response gases of the nitrogen channel, the water vapor channel, the hydrogen channel, the methane channel and the hydrogen sulfide channel at the same time, reducing the difference and interference of the spectra of the five gases in a time domain, improving the gas identification resolution, and realizing the synchronous detection of the main gas components in the atmosphere, namely the nitrogen and the water vapor with stronger noise interference, and the serious dangerous gases of methane, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide gas in the hydrogen-doped natural gas station.
In some embodiments, the signal processing and data acquisition system includes a first ac amplifier 10-1, a second ac amplifier 10-2, a third ac amplifier 10-3, a fourth ac amplifier 10-4, a fifth ac amplifier 10-5, and a central processing unit 11;
the first alternating current amplifier 10-1 is connected with the first signal collector 9-1;
The second alternating current amplifier 10-2 is connected with the second signal collector 9-2;
the third alternating current amplifier 10-3 is connected with the third signal collector 9-3;
the fourth alternating current amplifier 10-4 is connected with the fourth signal collector 9-4;
The fifth alternating current amplifier 10-5 is connected with the fifth signal collector 9-5;
the first alternating current amplifier 10-1, the second alternating current amplifier 10-2, the third alternating current amplifier 10-3, the fourth alternating current amplifier 10-4 and the fifth alternating current amplifier 10-5 are respectively connected with the central processing unit 11;
The central processing unit 11 includes an analog-to-digital converter (a/D converter), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a data collector (PDA), and a computer (PC).
A first ac amplifier 10-1 for amplifying the nitrogen electric signal and amplifying the nitrogen weak raman scattering signal to a voltage required by the a/D converter;
A second ac amplifier 10-2 for amplifying the electric signal of the water vapor and amplifying the weak raman scattering signal of the water vapor to a voltage required by the a/D converter;
a third ac amplifier 10-3 for amplifying the hydrogen electric signal and amplifying the hydrogen weak raman scattering signal to a voltage required by the a/D converter;
A fourth ac amplifier 10-4 for amplifying the methane gas electric signal and amplifying the methane gas weak raman scattering signal to a voltage required by the a/D converter;
a fifth ac amplifier 10-5 for amplifying the hydrogen sulfide gas electric signal and amplifying the hydrogen sulfide weak raman scattering signal to a voltage required by the a/D converter;
an analog-to-digital converter for converting an input voltage signal into an output digital signal;
The field programmable gate array is used for realizing signal acquisition control and signal processing;
the central processing unit is used for executing information processing and program running;
the data acquisition device is used for acquiring, storing, transmitting and processing data in real time;
And the computer is used for image, data processing, storage and visual display.
The signal processing and data acquisition system is provided with a plurality of alternating current amplifiers, can amplify the electric signals of nitrogen, water vapor, hydrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas to required voltage at the same time, and converts the voltage signals into output digital signals.
In some embodiments, the video acquisition system is a visible light camera 12.
A visible light camera 12 for capturing background visible light image data.
The collected background visible light image data is used for overlapping the later-period and visual Raman spectrum data, so that the leakage gas can be conveniently visually monitored and early-warning effect is achieved, and the approximate tracing of the leakage point is carried out by contrasting the background visible light image data.
In some embodiments, the cradle head comprises a three-dimensional cradle head 13 and cradle head drive circuitry 14;
The three-dimensional pan-tilt 13 is connected with a pan-tilt driving circuit 14.
A three-dimensional pan/tilt head 13 for providing an angle satisfying horizontal and pitching field shooting;
The cradle head driving circuit 14 is used for precisely controlling the current and voltage of the motor of the three-dimensional cradle head 13.
The pan-tilt driving circuit 14 can precisely control the current and voltage of the motor of the three-dimensional pan-tilt 13 according to requirements, and provides an optimal shooting angle.
Taking a Q-switch pulse Nd: YAG laser (355 nm,60mJ,20 Hz) as a laser light source as an example, pumping laser, laser-induced fluorescence signals, ambient light and Raman scattered light of gas to be detected (hydrogen, steam, nitrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas) enter a main shaft channel of a coaxial five-channel detection unit after being collected by a telescope 6, and background noise such as pumping laser, laser-induced fluorescence signals, ambient light and the like smaller than 355nm is filtered out after passing through a 355nm edge filter 7, so that Raman scattered light of the gas to be detected larger than 355nm is transmitted;
The Raman scattered light of the gas to be detected (hydrogen, steam, nitrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gas) propagates in the main shaft channel, and the first beam splitter 8-1 with the wavelength of more than 400nm carries out beam splitting treatment on the Raman scattered light of the gas with the wavelength of more than 400nm (416.1 nm), steam (407.8 nm) and nitrogen (386.7 nm), methane (395.6 nm) and hydrogen sulfide (390 nm);
The 416nm band-pass filter 17 in the hydrogen channel is used for selectively acquiring and passing the hydrogen Raman scattered light, and the light is collected by the condensing lens 16 and then transmitted to the photon counting type third signal collector 9-3 for measurement;
The vapor channel 408nm band-pass filter 17 is used for selectively acquiring and passing the Raman scattered light of the vapor, and the Raman scattered light is collected by the condensing lens 16 and then transmitted to the photon counting type second signal collector 9-2 for measurement;
The Raman scattered light signals of the nitrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gases are continuously transmitted to a second beam splitter 8-2 with the wavelength being more than 390nm along a main shaft channel after passing through a first beam splitter 8-1, and the second beam splitter 8-2 carries out beam splitting treatment on the Raman scattered light of the methane (395.6 nm) with the wavelength being less than or equal to 390nm, the nitrogen (386.7 nm) and the hydrogen sulfide (390 nm);
The 387nm band-pass filter 17 in the nitrogen channel is used for selectively acquiring and passing through the nitrogen Raman scattered light, and the light is collected by the condensing lens 16 and then transmitted to the photon counting type first signal collector 9-1 for measurement;
The 396nm band-pass filter 17 in the methane gas channel is used for selectively acquiring and passing through the methane Raman scattered light, and the light is collected by the condensing lens 16 and then transmitted to the photon counting type fourth signal collector 9-4 for measurement;
the 390nm band-pass filter 17 in the hydrogen sulfide gas channel is used for selectively acquiring and transmitting the Raman scattered light of the hydrogen sulfide, and the Raman scattered light is collected by the condensing lens 16 and then transmitted to the photon counting type fifth signal collector 9-5 for measurement.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in essence of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (7)
1. The remote measuring device for the gas leakage spectrum of the hydrogen-doped natural gas station is characterized by comprising a laser emission system, an optical receiving system, a signal processing and data acquisition system, a video acquisition system, a cradle head and a power supply (15);
The optical receiving system is connected with the signal processing and data acquisition system;
The signal processing and data acquisition system is connected with the video acquisition system;
The laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the power supply (15) are arranged on the cradle head;
The power supply (15) is respectively connected with the laser emission system, the optical receiving system, the signal processing and data acquisition system, the video acquisition system and the cradle head;
the optical receiving system comprises a telescope (6) and a coaxial five-channel detection unit;
The telescope (6) is connected with the coaxial five-channel detection unit;
The coaxial five-channel detection unit comprises a channel, an edge filter (7), a first beam splitter (8-1), a second beam splitter (8-2), a condensing lens (16), a band-pass filter (17), a first signal collector (9-1), a second signal collector (9-2), a third signal collector (9-3), a fourth signal collector (9-4) and a fifth signal collector (9-5);
The channel is twenty -shaped, and comprises a channel inlet, a first cross, a second cross, a nitrogen channel, a water vapor channel, a hydrogen channel, a methane channel and a hydrogen sulfide channel;
The edge filter (7) is arranged at the channel inlet;
the first beam splitter (8-1) is arranged at a first cross;
The second beam splitter (8-2) is arranged at the cross;
The first signal collector (9-1), the condensing lens (16) and the band-pass filter (17) are sequentially arranged on the nitrogen channel;
the second signal collector (9-2), the condensing lens (16) and the band-pass filter (17) are sequentially arranged on the water vapor channel;
the third signal collector (9-3), the condensing lens (16) and the band-pass filter (17) are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen channel;
the fourth signal collector (9-4), the condensing lens (16) and the band-pass filter (17) are sequentially arranged on the methane channel;
The fifth signal collector (9-5), the condensing lens (16) and the band-pass filter (17) are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen sulfide channel.
2. The hydrogen-doped natural gas yard gas leakage spectrum telemetry device according to claim 1, wherein the laser emission system comprises a laser emitter (1), an edge filter (2), a collimator (3) and a laser beam expander (4);
The laser transmitter (1), the edge filter (2), the collimator (3) and the laser beam expander (4) are sequentially arranged on an axis.
3. The hydrogen-doped natural gas yard gas leakage spectrum telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing and data acquisition system comprises a first ac amplifier (10-1), a second ac amplifier (10-2), a third ac amplifier (10-3), a fourth ac amplifier (10-4), a fifth ac amplifier (10-5), and a central processing unit (11);
the first alternating current amplifier (10-1) is connected with the first signal collector (9-1);
the second alternating current amplifier (10-2) is connected with the second signal collector (9-2);
The third alternating current amplifier (10-3) is connected with a third signal collector (9-3);
the fourth alternating current amplifier (10-4) is connected with a fourth signal collector (9-4);
The fifth alternating current amplifier (10-5) is connected with a fifth signal collector (9-5);
the first alternating current amplifier (10-1), the second alternating current amplifier (10-2), the third alternating current amplifier (10-3), the fourth alternating current amplifier (10-4) and the fifth alternating current amplifier (10-5) are respectively connected with the central processing unit (11);
the central processing unit (11) comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a field programmable gate array, a central processing unit, a data acquisition unit and a computer.
4. The hydrogen-loaded natural gas yard gas leakage spectrum telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the video acquisition system is a visible light camera (12).
5. The hydrogen-doped natural gas yard gas leakage spectrum telemetry device of claim 1, wherein the cradle head comprises a three-dimensional cradle head (13) and a cradle head drive circuit (14);
the three-dimensional cradle head (13) is connected with a cradle head driving circuit (14).
6.A method for remote measurement of gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-loaded natural gas yard, for use in a remote measurement of gas leakage spectrum of a hydrogen-loaded natural gas yard as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
The laser emission system emits pulse laser with specific wavelength, irradiates the leaked gas cloud cluster, and generates Raman scattered light after photons and leaked gas molecules are in inelastic collision;
The optical receiving system receives the Raman scattered light, converts the Raman scattered light into an electric signal after light splitting and filtering treatment, and sends the electric signal to the signal processing and data acquisition system;
Based on background visible light image data acquired by a video acquisition system, a signal processing and data acquisition system processes the electric signals to obtain Raman scattering spectrums;
Determining a leak gas molecular species based on the raman scattering spectrum;
determining a gas leak point location based on the raman scattered light signal source;
The concentration of the leak gas is determined from the ratio of raman scattered light of the leak gas and nitrogen gas measured simultaneously.
7. The hydrogen-loaded natural gas yard gas leak spectrum telemetry method of claim 6, wherein the raman shift of the leak gas molecules is determined by the following equation:
。
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