CN119406857B - A method and device for locating a pipe pig blockage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical fields of tracking and positioning of pipeline pigs, in particular to a blocking and positioning method and device of a pipeline pig, comprising the following steps of firstly, connecting optical fiber vibration detection equipment with optical fibers in a communication optical cable laid in the same ditch of a pipeline; the method comprises the steps of a first step of continuously inputting a medium into a pipeline by using a pressurizing device, a second step of continuously inputting the medium into the pipeline by using a pressurizing device, a third step of performing data processing and display by using an optical fiber vibration detection device, a fourth step of gradually boosting the pressure by using the pressurizing device, recording a gradually-enhanced vibration signal e by using the optical fiber vibration detection device, a fifth step of closing the pressurizing device, recording the mileage or the position La of the disappeared vibration signal e by using the optical fiber vibration detection device, and a sixth step of knocking the ground along the pipeline, wherein when the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the knocking position of the ground is the blocking position of the pipe cleaner. The invention greatly reduces the blocking and positioning difficulty of the pipe cleaner, greatly shortens the positioning time and ensures the production and operation safety of the pipeline.

Description

Pipe cleaner blocking positioning method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical fields of pipeline transportation, pipeline cleaner tracking and positioning and the like, in particular to a pipe cleaner blocking and positioning method and device.

Background

The oil gas pipeline bears the transportation task of oil gas energy materials in China and is praised as an artery of national economy. In recent years, pipeline transportation is paid attention to and continuously developed in the world by the characteristics of safety, economy and rapidness, and has become one of five transportation means which are compatible with railways, highways, aviation and water transportation. The development of the pipeline transportation industry has very important significance for further optimizing the internal crude oil resource allocation, accelerating the utilization of foreign crude oil resources, reducing the operating cost, participating in international competition and improving the national economic operation quality of petroleum petrochemical enterprises.

The pipe cleaning operation is an important work before or during the delivery of long oil and gas pipelines, and can ensure the normal operation of the pipelines and improve the conveying efficiency. For newly built pipelines, the main purpose of the pipe cleaning is to remove various sundries in the pipeline, and for pipelines which are put into operation, the purpose of the pipe cleaning is to remove wax, scale, water and dust. The pipe cleaner is an important device for cleaning pipe, and once a blocking accident occurs, if the blocking position cannot be found in time and positioned quickly and accurately, the blocking time can be prolonged, the normal transportation of oil gas can be influenced, and the safety of the whole pipeline can be endangered even in severe cases. Therefore, the tracking and positioning of the pipe cleaner is a necessary technology for ensuring the smooth completion of the pipe cleaning operation.

The traditional pipe cleaner blocking positioning is realized by using a carried electromagnetic transmitter, and the blocking position is positioned by using an electromagnetic receiver, but the method needs to be in the range of 20 to 30 meters right above the pipe cleaner in the pipeline so as to receive the signal of the electromagnetic transmitter of the pipe cleaner. When the pipe cleaner is blocked, the pipe cleaner needs to be carried along the line to search for the pipe cleaner by walking. For pigging pipe sections of hundreds of kilometers, the workload is huge, the length of a few kilometers is also available even if the range is reduced in the tracking process, and particularly for pipe sections which are difficult to walk in mountains, hills, ravines and the like, the working difficulty is increased, and the safety problem exists. This method also results in longer stuck positioning times, and when the transmitter battery is depleted, the method is no longer applicable and the pig is "lost". In addition, the pig electromagnetic transmitter may also fail, resulting in an inability to locate.

The existing pig fiber tracking and positioning technology also utilizes a pipeline tracing optical cable to realize pig tracking and positioning, and the method is that under the condition of tracking and acquiring the position of the pig in real time, when the pig is blocked in the running process, the current running of the pig is known to be the blocking position. However, for the case where no pipeline is used with cable tracking, but a pig jam occurs, nothing is done because all states of the current pig jam are in an unknown state.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the method for clamping and blocking the pipe cleaner, which can accurately position the pipe cleaner, shorten the time for clamping and blocking the pipe cleaner, reduce the loss caused by clamping and blocking, and reduce the accident risk.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows, the pipe cleaner blocking and positioning method comprises the following steps:

step one, connecting optical fiber vibration detection equipment with optical fibers in a communication optical cable laid in the same ditch of a pipeline;

step two, the pressurizing equipment keeps continuously inputting medium into the pipeline;

Sensing vibration signals along the pipeline by the optical fibers in the communication optical cable, and transmitting the vibration signals to optical fiber vibration detection equipment for data processing and display;

step four, the pressurizing equipment starts to slowly boost pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection equipment records a gradually-enhanced vibration signal e along with the increase of the pressure;

turning off the pressurizing equipment, stopping pressurizing, and recording the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e by the optical fiber vibration detecting equipment;

Step six, starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection equipment, knocking the ground along the pipeline, collecting knocking vibration signals by the optical fiber vibration detection equipment, determining the knocking signal position, and when the knocking signal position coincides with the recording position La, obtaining the blocking position of the pipe cleaner corresponding to the lower part of the ground knocking position.

The pipe cleaner blocking positioning method has the advantages that the positioning difficulty after the pipe cleaner is blocked is solved, the pipe cleaner blocking positioning difficulty is greatly reduced, the positioning time is greatly shortened, the pipe cleaner blocking positioning cost is reduced, the production operation safety of the pipeline is guaranteed, the positioning is accurate for the buried pipeline at the ground surface position corresponding to the pipe cleaner blocking position, the quick rush repair is facilitated, the pipe cleaner blocking positioning method is simple, few operators are required, the positioning can be quickly completed after the pipe cleaner is blocked, the positioning time is greatly shortened, the pipeline conveying safety is guaranteed, the electromagnetic transmitter is not required to be additionally used, the positioning can be realized, and the technical blank is filled.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.

Further, in the third step, the optical fiber vibration detection device processes the vibration signal and displays the processed vibration signal as a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram.

The optical fiber vibration detection device has the beneficial effects that the optical fiber vibration detection device displays a vibration waterfall diagram of time-distance, and the vibration position can be directly and conveniently determined.

Further, in the time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, vibration signals at respective positions are simultaneously displayed on each column in terms of time and are displayed with upward shift, the upper time being earlier than the lower time.

The further scheme has the beneficial effects that the display is simple and visual, and the detection personnel know the vibration position information.

Further, in the fourth step, the optical fiber vibration detecting apparatus records all the detected vibration signals including the gradually increasing vibration signal e whose vibration intensity is distinguished by the color.

The further scheme has the beneficial effects that the vibration intensity can be visually distinguished through the color, and the vibration signals can be visually distinguished to be enhanced according to the increase of the pressure in the pipeline.

In the sixth step, the position of knocking the ground is within 5m of the position vertically above the pipeline.

The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effect of ensuring that a knocking signal with enough intensity can be received by the optical fiber.

In the sixth step, the ground is tapped in a manner of continuously and repeatedly tapping at intervals within each section.

The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effect that the knocking signal can be intuitively distinguished on the optical fiber vibration detection equipment by knocking the ground at multiple intervals.

Further, the number of times of knocking the ground within each section is greater than or equal to five.

The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effects that the number of times of knocking the ground in each section of range is greater than or equal to five times, so that the knocking position can be accurately confirmed.

Further, the interval time of the multi-tap ground in each section is more than or equal to 1s.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the interval time of repeatedly knocking the ground within each section of range is more than or equal to 1s, so that the spaced knocking signals can be accurately displayed on the optical fiber vibration detection equipment, and the knocking signals can be identified and confirmed conveniently.

Further, in the step six, the ground is knocked by a knocking tool, which includes a hammer.

The knocking tool has the beneficial effects that the knocking tool adopts the hammer, so that the knocking tool is convenient to carry.

The invention solves the technical problems and also provides a device adopting the pipe cleaner blocking and positioning method, which comprises the following steps:

The optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline;

the optical fiber vibration detection equipment is connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and is used for receiving the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and carrying out data processing and display on the vibration signal;

the pressurizing device is connected with the pipeline and used for inputting a medium into the pipeline;

a tapping tool for tapping the ground along the periphery of the pipe to form a tapping signal.

The device has the beneficial effects that the device is simple in structure, an electromagnetic transmitter is not required to be additionally adopted, the positioning difficulty of the pipe cleaner after blocking is solved, the blocking positioning difficulty of the pipe cleaner is greatly reduced, the positioning time is greatly shortened, the blocking positioning cost of the pipe cleaner is reduced, and the production operation safety of a pipeline is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a waterfall diagram of a fiber vibration detection apparatus in step three of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a waterfall diagram of a fiber vibration detection apparatus in step four of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a waterfall diagram of a fiber vibration detection apparatus in step six of the method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the device of the present invention;

In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:

1. The device comprises a pipe cleaner, a pipeline deformation position 3, an optical fiber vibration detection device 4, an optical communication cable 5, a pressurizing device 6, a soil 7, a knocking tool 8.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a method for locating a blocking of a pipe cleaner, when the pipe cleaner 1 runs in a pipeline 2, the pipe cleaner 1 is blocked at a deformation position 3, an elbow, a valve and the like of the pipeline due to factors such as deformation, the elbow, the valve and the like of the pipeline 2, and stays at a position a in the pipeline 2, and a ground position B corresponding to the blocking of the pipe cleaner 1 cannot be known at this time due to the fact that the pipeline 2 is buried underground.

The blocking and positioning method for the pipe cleaner of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

S1, connecting optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 with optical fibers in a communication optical cable 5 laid in the same ditch of a pipeline 2, monitoring vibration of the pipeline 2 along the line, and generating a waterfall diagram as shown in FIG. 2;

S2, continuously inputting a medium into the pipeline 2 by the pressurizing equipment 6, and when the conveyed medium passes through the blocked pipe cleaner 1, causing the pipe cleaner 1 and the pipeline 2 to vibrate, and transmitting a vibration signal to the communication optical cable 5 through the soil 7;

s3, the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 senses the vibration signal along the pipeline 2, the vibration signal is transmitted to the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 for data processing and display, the signal at the position of the pipe cleaner 1 is displayed as a signal a in a waterfall diagram shown in FIG. 2, and because the pipeline 2 is longer in line and longer in monitoring distance, signals b, c and d which are the same as the signal a in the waterfall diagram of FIG. 2 can be generated due to other frequent vibration signals near the pipeline 2, which are the vibration signals at the position of the pipe cleaner 1 can not be distinguished, and all vibration signals similar to the signal a are found out to be used as suspected signals of the signal a;

S4, the pressurizing device 6 starts to slowly boost pressure, and as the pressure increases, the optical fiber vibration detecting device 4 records the gradually-enhanced vibration signal e, specifically, the optical fiber vibration detecting device 4 records all the detected vibration signals including the gradually-enhanced vibration signal e, as shown in fig. 3, the vibration intensities of the gradually-enhanced vibration signal e are distinguished by colors;

S5, closing the pressurizing device 6, stopping pressurizing, and recording the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e by the optical fiber vibration detecting device 4;

S6, starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4, knocking the ground along the line of the pipeline 2, wherein the position of knocking the ground is in the range of 5m above the vertical position of the pipeline 2, the mode of knocking the ground is continuously and repeatedly knocking in each section of range, the number of times of knocking the ground in each section of range is more than or equal to five, the interval time of repeatedly knocking the ground in each section of range is more than or equal to 1S, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 collects knocking vibration signals and determines the positions of the knocking signals, the waterfall diagram of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 can display a signal f as shown in fig. 4, and when the position of the signal f is overlapped with a recording position La, the position corresponding to the lower part of the ground knocking position is the blocking position of the pipe cleaner 1.

As shown in fig. 2,3 and 4, the display interface is composed of time and distance, and through algorithm processing, vibration signals at various positions are simultaneously displayed on each row according to time and displayed upwards, wherein the upper time is earlier than the lower time.

The signal a, b, c, d is a signal that is detected by the fiber vibration detection device 4 and displayed on the waterfall plot as a result of the vibration source propagating onto the communication cable 5.

The signal e is displayed by a waterfall graph on which the strength of the generated signal gradually changes when the pressure gradually changes.

The signal f is generated by knocking the ground by a tool such as a hammer, and the interval of the signals is generated due to the fact that the knocking is intermittent.

The positions of the signals displayed in the waterfall chart in this embodiment are shown according to actual situations, and for convenience of description in this embodiment, the positions of the signal a, the signal e, and the signal f are assumed to be the positions of the pig 1 in fig. 2,3, and 4, and in actual operation, the signal may be any position between the signal b, the signal c, and the signal d, or be the position behind the signal d.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment discloses a pipe cleaner blocking positioning device, which specifically comprises a communication optical cable 5, wherein the communication optical cable 5 is used for being laid along a ditch with a pipeline 2, and an optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5 is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline 2;

the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 is connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, and is used for receiving the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, and carrying out data processing and display on the vibration signal;

A pressurizing device 6, wherein the pressurizing device 6 is connected with the pipeline 2 and is used for inputting a medium into the pipeline 2;

a tapping tool 8, said tapping tool 8 being adapted to tap the ground along the periphery of the pipe 2 to form a tapping signal.

In this embodiment, the pipe cleaner 1 is configured to clean impurities in the pipe 2, push the impurities forward by using oil gas pressure in the pipe 2, and push the impurities out of the pipe 2, so as to clean the pipe 2.

The pipeline 2 is a pipeline 2 for conveying mediums such as oil gas, chemicals and the like, but is not limited to the listed mediums.

The deformation position 3 of the pipe refers to a deformation position of the pipe 2 caused by external force and other factors.

The optical fiber vibration detection device 4 is connected to one end of an optical fiber, can detect vibration signals at various distance positions of the optical fiber in real time based on the Rayleigh scattering principle, and can position the length of the vibration position from the installation position of the device, wherein the length is the length position of an optical cable.

The communication optical cable 5 is a communication optical cable 5 laid in the same ditch when the pipeline 2 is laid, or is buried underground with the pipeline 2, and is accompanied with the pipeline 2 in parallel, and the distance between the two is not more than 10m.

The pressurizing device 6 is a device for pressurizing the transport medium, and is typically a device such as a compressor or a pump.

The soil 7 is the soil 7 in which the pipeline 2 is buried and laid.

The striking tool 8 is a tool for striking the ground to generate a vibration signal, and is typically, but not limited to, a hammer or the like.

The working principle is that the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 is connected into the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 laid along the same ditch of the pipeline 2, the vibration of the pipeline 2 along the line is monitored, and a waterfall diagram as shown in figure 2 is generated; the pressurizing device 6 holds a lower pressure delivery medium; when the conveyed medium passes through the blocked pipe cleaner 1, the pipe cleaner 1 and the pipeline 2 can be caused to vibrate, and vibration signals are transmitted to the communication optical cable 5 through the soil 7; the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 senses vibration signals, the signals are transmitted to the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4 for data processing and display, the signals are displayed as a signal a in a waterfall diagram shown in fig. 2, the monitored distances are longer, the signals B, c and d which are the same as the signals a in the waterfall diagram of fig. 2 can be generated by other frequent vibration signals near the pipeline 2 due to the longer pipeline 2, the vibration signals which are the positions of the pipe cleaner 1 can not be distinguished, all vibration signals which are similar to the signal a are found and serve as suspected vibration signals, the pressurizing equipment 6 starts to slowly boost pressure, the vibration signals generated by the pipe cleaner 1 and the pipeline 2 are gradually increased along with the increase of pressure, the signals e which are gradually deepened in the waterfall diagram of fig. 3 are generated, the signals which meet the gradual color change characteristics of the signal e are found from the vibration signals of the waterfall diagram of fig. 3, the vibration signals which are determined to be the vibration signals to be searched, the optical cable or the position La are recorded, the pressurizing equipment 6 is closed, pressurizing is stopped, the vibration signals disappear, the optical cable and the pipe cleaner 2 are actually inconsistent in mileage, the recorded optical cable or the position La is not consistent with the mileage, the optical cable is not the optical cable is required to be removed from the position corresponding to the position B of the optical cable cleaner 1, the optical cable is required to be excavated, the position is required to be removed from the position of the optical cable is required to be plugged by the equipment 4, the optical cable is required to be excavated, the position is required to be removed from the position equipment is required to be plugged, and the position is required to be removed, the fiber vibration detection device 4 waterfall can display a signal f shown in fig. 4, when the position of the signal f is coincident with a recording position La, the blocking position A of the pipe cleaner 1 corresponds to the position below the ground knocking position at the moment. The blocking and positioning of the pipe cleaner 1 can be completed.

The invention has the advantages that:

1) The invention can realize positioning for the pipe cleaner without carrying the electromagnetic transmitter or the transmitter fault, and fills the technical blank.

2) The invention can realize the blocking and positioning of the pipe cleaner 1 which has no definite range and is not tracked by the optical fiber vibration detection equipment 4.

3) The pipe cleaner 1 blocking positioning method solves the positioning difficulty after the pipe cleaner 1 is blocked, greatly reduces the blocking positioning difficulty of the pipe cleaner 1, greatly shortens the positioning time, reduces the blocking positioning cost of the pipe cleaner 1 and ensures the production operation safety of the pipeline 2;

4) According to the invention, the blocking position of the pipe cleaner 1 can be positioned under the condition that the pipe cleaner 1 is not sent again, so that the risk of re-sending the pipe cleaner 1 to be blocked again is reduced;

5) The invention has accurate positioning on the surface position corresponding to the blocking position of the pipe cleaner 1, which is beneficial to quick rush repair for the buried pipeline 2;

6) The blocking and positioning method of the pipe cleaner 1 is simple and requires less operators;

7) The invention does not need to carry an electromagnetic receiver like the traditional blocking positioning method, and the electromagnetic transmitter signal carried by the pipe cleaner 1 is found out by foot along the pipeline 2, so that the working difficulty and the working risk are reduced especially for places where people cannot or cannot easily enter in mountain areas, hills and the like;

8) According to the invention, for the pipeline 2 with aligned mileage of the pipeline 2 and mileage of the optical cable, after the pipe cleaner 1 is blocked, the positioning can be rapidly completed, the positioning time is greatly shortened, and the conveying safety of the pipeline 2 is ensured.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "peripheral side", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The blocking and positioning method for the pipe cleaner is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, connecting optical fiber vibration detection equipment with optical fibers in a communication optical cable laid in the same ditch of a pipeline;

step two, the pressurizing equipment keeps continuously inputting medium into the pipeline;

Sensing vibration signals along the pipeline by the optical fibers in the communication optical cable, and transmitting the vibration signals to optical fiber vibration detection equipment for data processing and display;

step four, the pressurizing equipment starts to slowly boost pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection equipment records a gradually-enhanced vibration signal e along with the increase of the pressure;

turning off the pressurizing equipment, stopping pressurizing, and recording the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e by the optical fiber vibration detecting equipment;

Step six, starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection equipment, knocking the ground along the pipeline, collecting knocking vibration signals by the optical fiber vibration detection equipment, determining the knocking signal position, and when the knocking signal position coincides with the recording position La, obtaining the blocking position of the pipe cleaner corresponding to the lower part of the ground knocking position.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the optical fiber vibration detecting device processes the vibration signal and displays the processed vibration signal as a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram.

3. A method of locating a pig jam according to claim 2 wherein the time-distance vibration waterfall plot is such that vibration signals at each location are displayed simultaneously on each column in time and are displayed in an upward shift, the upper time being earlier than the lower time.

4. A method of locating a pig according to claim 3, wherein in step four, the fibre vibration detection device records all detected vibration signals including a progressively increasing vibration signal e whose vibration intensity is differentiated by colour.

5. A method for locating a pipe cleaner jam according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein in step six the position of the striking the ground is within 5m of the position vertically above the pipe.

6. A method of locating a pig trap according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein in step six the ground is tapped in a plurality of successive intervals over each section.

7. The method for locating a pipe cleaner blockage according to claim 6, wherein the number of times the surface is knocked in each section is greater than or equal to five.

8. The method of locating a pig trap according to claim 6, wherein the interval between multiple taps to the ground within each section is 1s or more.

9. A method of locating a pig trap according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step six the ground is tapped by a tapping tool comprising a hammer.

10. The device adopting the blocking positioning method of the pipe cleaner of any one of 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following components:

The optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline;

the optical fiber vibration detection equipment is connected with the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and is used for receiving the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and carrying out data processing and display on the vibration signal;

the pressurizing device is connected with the pipeline and used for inputting a medium into the pipeline;

a tapping tool for tapping the ground along the periphery of the pipe to form a tapping signal.