CN119361722A - Preparation method of anode support based on freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents
Preparation method of anode support based on freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN119361722A CN119361722A CN202411490893.2A CN202411490893A CN119361722A CN 119361722 A CN119361722 A CN 119361722A CN 202411490893 A CN202411490893 A CN 202411490893A CN 119361722 A CN119361722 A CN 119361722A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/29—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by profiling or strickling the material in open moulds or on moulding surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
- B28B17/026—Conditioning ceramic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种固体氧化物燃料电池的阳极支撑体制备方法，该制备方法基于冷冻流延工艺，设计并制备出适用的单向冷冻流延模具，并结合该模具搭建了简便的冷冻流延装置。同时，本发明还提供了完备的具有明显孔向的NiO‑3YSZ阳极支撑体的制备工艺，包括浆料的配制、球磨、脱泡、冷冻流延、干燥烧结等具体制备过程。通过本发明的冷冻流延装置和制备工艺，可制备出具有明显孔向的阳极支撑体，该阳极支撑体有利于气体的传输，可提高固体氧化物燃料电池的阳极支撑体的气体运输能力，提高SOFC产品的性能。
The present invention discloses a method for preparing an anode support of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is based on a freeze-casting process, designs and prepares a suitable unidirectional freeze-casting mold, and builds a simple freeze-casting device in combination with the mold. At the same time, the present invention also provides a complete preparation process for a NiO-3YSZ anode support with obvious pores, including the specific preparation processes such as preparation of slurry, ball milling, deaeration, freeze-casting, drying and sintering. By the freeze-casting device and preparation process of the present invention, an anode support with obvious pores can be prepared, which is conducive to the transmission of gas, can improve the gas transport capacity of the anode support of the solid oxide fuel cell, and improve the performance of SOFC products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation methods of anode supports of solid oxide fuel cells, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an anode support of a solid oxide fuel cell based on freeze casting.
Background
The anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, fuel flexibility, low emission, structural stability and the like, and is a potential green efficient power generation technology.
One of the key challenges in the success of SOFC products in commercial applications is their performance improvement. The anode support prepared by the traditional tape casting process has lower porosity and is uniformly distributed, so that the gas transmission is not facilitated.
Freeze casting is a porous ceramic preparation technique that utilizes an aqueous solvent to control Kong Xiang through a highly anisotropic solidification process, including the steps of slurry preparation, directional solidification, particle redistribution, sublimation, formation of directional pores, sintering, and the like. The freeze casting technique is environmentally friendly and cost effective and can be used to control the pore distribution of the anode support.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method for obtaining an anode support body with directional pores based on a freeze casting technology, which can reduce the gas transportation resistance of the anode support body and improve the performance of an SOFC product.
The invention is realized in that a method for preparing an anode support based on a freeze casting solid oxide fuel cell comprises the following steps:
S10, preparing a die for unidirectional freezing casting, and placing the prepared die in an incubator, wherein a cavity is formed in the die, and the wall of the cavity has a certain thickness so as to ensure that temperature change only occurs in the vertical direction;
s20, preparing pre-cast NiO-3YSZ slurry;
s30, vacuum defoaming is carried out on the pre-cast NiO-3YSZ slurry by utilizing a vacuum mixer;
s40, taking the die out of the incubator, fixing the die on a copper plate, placing the copper plate on a cold plate of a thermoelectric cooler, assembling the die into a freezing casting device, and setting the temperature of the thermoelectric cooler;
s50, slowly pouring the defoamed NiO-3YSZ slurry into a cavity of the die, carrying out freezing casting, and waiting for ice crystal growth;
S60, placing the die and the cast NiO-3YSZ sample into a freeze dryer together, and performing vacuum drying at a proper temperature and under a proper pressure until the NiO-3YSZ sample can be peeled from the die;
S70, stripping the NiO-3YSZ sample from the die, and performing glue discharging and high-temperature sintering on the NiO-3YSZ sample to obtain the anode support with obvious pore orientation.
Further, in the step S10, the mold is printed by using a 3D printing device and ABS material.
Further, the overall shape of the die is a cylinder phi 5cm by 3mm, and the size of the cavity is phi 2.5cm by 3mm.
Further, the preparation method of the NiO-3YSZ slurry comprises the steps of dissolving NiO powder and 3YSZ powder in deionized water according to a weight ratio of 6:4, keeping the solid content at 50-60wt%, adding 0.5-1.5wt% of dispersing agent, adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH, putting into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 12 hours, adding 3-6wt% of binder and 2-4wt% of plasticizer, and 0.5-1.2wt% of defoaming agent, and ball milling for 24 hours.
Further, in the preparation step of the NiO-3YSZ slurry, polyacrylic acid is used as a dispersing agent, polyethylene acid is used as a binder, polyethylene glycol and glycerol are used as plasticizers, butanol is used as a defoaming agent, and a planetary ball mill is used for ball milling.
Further, the vacuum defoaming process in the step S30 is that the NiO-3YSZ slurry is put into a vacuum mixer, the vacuum pressure is set to be 95kPa, the NiO-3YSZ slurry is mixed at the speed of 100rpm, the defoaming is carried out for a period of time, and the NiO-3YSZ slurry is taken out until the rotation is stopped and no bubbles are generated on the surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry.
Further, in the step S50, the temperature of the freezing casting is set to be-20 ℃, when the height of the poured NiO-3YSZ slurry reaches 1/3 of the height of the die, the pouring of the NiO-3YSZ slurry is stopped, at the moment, the temperature is vertically and upwards transferred to the upper surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry from the bottom surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry in the cavity of the die, the unidirectional freezing casting is realized, and ice crystal growth is waited until the NiO-3YSZ slurry is completely frozen.
Further, in the step S60, the pressure range set by the freeze dryer is 3-5 pa, the temperature is controlled at-40 ℃, and the drying is performed for at least 36 hours until the NiO-3YSZ sample can be easily peeled from the mold.
Further, in the step S70, the glue discharging condition of the NiO-3YSZ sample is that the NiO-3YSZ sample is put into a muffle furnace, heated to 500 ℃ through the heating rate of 1 ℃ per minute, and kept for 1 hour.
Further, in the step S70, the high-temperature sintering condition of the NiO-3YSZ sample is that the temperature is raised to 1450 ℃ at the temperature rising rate of 2 ℃ per minute and the temperature is kept for 3 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The preparation method of the anode support of the solid oxide fuel cell designs and prepares the applicable unidirectional freezing casting die based on the freezing casting process, and combines the die to construct a simple freezing casting device. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation process of the complete NiO-3YSZ anode support with obvious pore direction, which comprises the specific preparation processes of slurry preparation, ball milling, defoaming, freezing casting, drying sintering and the like. Through the freezing casting device and the preparation process, the anode support body with obvious pore directions can be prepared, the anode support body is beneficial to gas transmission, the gas transportation capacity of the anode support body of the solid oxide fuel cell can be improved, and the performance of an SOFC product can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an anode support for a freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a unidirectional freezing casting die and a freezing casting device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but rather to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," or "integrally connected" should be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, as being detachably connected, as being directly connected, as being indirectly connected through intermediate mediums, as being in communication with the interiors of two components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for preparing an anode support for a freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, and it should be noted that although a logic sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order from that shown or described herein.
The preparation method of the anode support comprises the following steps:
Step S10, preparing a unidirectional freezing casting mold, preparing a cylinder (phi 5cm multiplied by 3 mm) with a cavity (phi 2.5cm multiplied by 3 mm) by using a 3D printing device and an ABS material, wherein the wall thickness of the mold is 1.25cm so as to ensure that the temperature change only occurs in the vertical direction.
And S20, preparing NiO-3YSZ slurry, and defoaming under the vacuum condition. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dissolving NiO powder and 3YSZ powder in deionized water according to a weight ratio of 6:4, keeping the solid content at 55wt%, adding 1wt% of polyacrylic acid as a dispersing agent, adding 0.5wt% of concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH, and putting into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 12 hours. Then 5wt% of polyvinyl acid is added as a binder, 1.25wt% of polyethylene glycol and 1.25wt% of polyethylene glycol are used as a plasticizer, and 1wt% of butanol is added as a defoaming agent, and ball milling is performed for 24 hours. The ball-milled slurry was placed in a vacuum mixer. The slurry was mixed at a speed of 100rpm with a vacuum pressure of 95kPa for about 1 hour to remove bubbles until the rotation was stopped and no bubbles were generated on the surface of the slurry, and the NiO-3YSZ slurry was taken out.
Step S30, assembling the freezing casting device and setting the temperature in the process of removing bubbles from the slurry by the vacuum mixer. The method comprises the specific steps of fixing the prepared mold at the center of the top surface of a copper plate, placing the mold on the center of a cold plate of a thermoelectric cooler, setting the temperature of the thermoelectric cooler to be-20 ℃, and waiting for temperature reduction.
And S40, slowly pouring the NiO-3YSZ slurry subjected to bubble removal into a die, and carrying out freeze casting. The specific steps are that after the temperature of the freezing casting device is reduced to minus 20 ℃, the defoamed NiO-3YSZ slurry is slowly poured into the cavity along the die wall, and the height of the poured slurry is about 1/3 of the height of the die. At this time, the temperature is vertically upwards transferred to the upper surface of the slurry from the bottom surface of the slurry in the cavity of the mold, unidirectional freezing casting is realized, and ice crystal growth is waited. A cross-sectional view of the slurry pouring device is shown in FIG. 2.
Step S50, preparing the anode support with obvious pore orientation through a drying and sintering process. The preparation method comprises the specific steps of waiting for the NiO-3YSZ slurry to be completely frozen, and then putting the NiO-3YSZ sample, the mould and the copper plate into a freeze dryer together for freeze drying. Setting the pressure range of the freeze dryer to be 3-5 Pa, controlling the temperature to be-40 ℃ and drying for at least 36h until the NiO-3YSZ sample can be easily peeled from the die. Then, the NiO-3YSZ sample is put into a muffle furnace, the temperature is raised to 500 ℃ by the temperature raising rate of 1 ℃ per minute and kept for 1h, the glue is discharged, and then the temperature is raised to 1450 ℃ by the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃ per minute and kept for 3h, and the sintering is completed, so that the anode support with obvious pore orientation is obtained.
In summary, the embodiment designs and prepares the applicable unidirectional freezing casting mold based on the freezing casting process, and combines the mold to construct a simple freezing casting device. Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a preparation process of the complete NiO-3YSZ anode support with obvious pore orientation, which comprises the specific preparation processes of slurry preparation, ball milling, defoaming, freezing casting, drying sintering and the like. Through the freezing casting device and the preparation process of the embodiment, the anode support body with obvious pore directions can be prepared, the anode support body is beneficial to gas transmission, the gas transmission capacity of the anode support body of the solid oxide fuel cell can be improved, and the performance of an SOFC product is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an anode support for a freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
S10, preparing a die for unidirectional freezing casting, and placing the prepared die in an incubator, wherein a cavity is formed in the die, and the wall of the cavity has a certain thickness so as to ensure that temperature change only occurs in the vertical direction;
s20, preparing pre-cast NiO-3YSZ slurry;
s30, vacuum defoaming is carried out on the pre-cast NiO-3YSZ slurry by utilizing a vacuum mixer;
s40, taking the die out of the incubator, fixing the die on a copper plate, placing the copper plate on a cold plate of a thermoelectric cooler, assembling the die into a freezing casting device, and setting the temperature of the thermoelectric cooler;
s50, slowly pouring the defoamed NiO-3YSZ slurry into a cavity of the die, carrying out freezing casting, and waiting for ice crystal growth;
S60, placing the die and the cast NiO-3YSZ sample into a freeze dryer together, and performing vacuum drying at a proper temperature and under a proper pressure until the NiO-3YSZ sample can be peeled from the die;
S70, stripping the NiO-3YSZ sample from the die, and performing glue discharging and high-temperature sintering on the NiO-3YSZ sample to obtain the anode support with obvious pore orientation.
2. The method of manufacturing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein in the step S10, the mold is printed using a 3D printing device and ABS material.
3. The method for producing an anode support according to claim 2, wherein the overall shape of the mold is a cylinder of phi 5cm x 3mm, and the size of the cavity is phi 2.5cm x 3mm.
4. The preparation method of the anode support according to claim 1, wherein the preparation step of the NiO-3YSZ slurry comprises the steps of dissolving NiO powder and 3YSZ powder in deionized water according to a weight ratio of 6:4, keeping the solid content at 50-60wt%, adding 0.5-1.5wt% of dispersing agent, adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH, placing into a ball milling tank for ball milling for 12 hours, adding 3-6wt% of binder, 2-4wt% of plasticizer, and 0.5-1.2wt% of defoaming agent, and ball milling for 24 hours.
5. The method for producing an anode support according to claim 4, wherein polyacrylic acid is used as a dispersant, polyethylene acid is used as a binder, polyethylene glycol and glycerin are used as plasticizers, butanol is used as a defoaming agent, and a planetary ball mill is used for ball milling.
6. The method for preparing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum degassing process in the step S30 is performed by placing the NiO-3YSZ slurry into a vacuum mixer, setting the vacuum pressure to 95kPa, mixing the NiO-3YSZ slurry at a speed of 100rpm, removing bubbles for a while, and taking out the NiO-3YSZ slurry until no bubbles are generated on the surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry after stopping the rotation.
7. The method for preparing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein in the step S50, the temperature of the freeze casting is set to-20 ℃, and the pouring of the NiO-3YSZ slurry is stopped when the height of the poured NiO-3YSZ slurry reaches 1/3 of the height of the mold, and at this time, the temperature is vertically transferred upwards from the bottom surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry in the cavity of the mold to the upper surface of the NiO-3YSZ slurry, thereby realizing unidirectional freeze casting and waiting for ice crystal growth until the NiO-3YSZ slurry is completely frozen.
8. The method for preparing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein in the step S60, the pressure range set by the freeze dryer is 3-5 pa, the temperature is controlled at-40 ℃, and the drying is performed for at least 36 hours until the NiO-3YSZ sample can be easily peeled from the mold.
9. The method for preparing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein the discharging condition of the NiO-3YSZ sample in step S70 is that the NiO-3YSZ sample is put into a muffle furnace, heated to 500 ℃ by a heating rate of 1 ℃ per min, and kept for 1 hour.
10. The method for producing an anode support according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature sintering condition of the NiO-3YSZ sample in step S70 is to further heat up to 1450 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃ per minute and hold for 3 hours.
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| CN202411490893.2A CN119361722A (en) | 2024-10-24 | 2024-10-24 | Preparation method of anode support based on freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell |
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| CN202411490893.2A CN119361722A (en) | 2024-10-24 | 2024-10-24 | Preparation method of anode support based on freeze-cast solid oxide fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120376706A (en) * | 2025-06-25 | 2025-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) | Preparation method of solid oxide fuel cell |
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| KR20120064523A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-19 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Anode support using spherical pore former and solid oxide fuel cell and the fabrication method therefor |
| US20120251922A1 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | WATT Fuel Cell Corp | Electrode for a solid oxide fuel cell and method for its manufacture |
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2024
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| US20070065701A1 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-03-22 | Cable Thomas L | Symmetrical, bi-electrode supported solid oxide fuel cell |
| KR20120064523A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-19 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Anode support using spherical pore former and solid oxide fuel cell and the fabrication method therefor |
| US20120251922A1 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | WATT Fuel Cell Corp | Electrode for a solid oxide fuel cell and method for its manufacture |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120376706A (en) * | 2025-06-25 | 2025-07-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) | Preparation method of solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN120376706B (en) * | 2025-06-25 | 2025-10-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)(哈尔滨工业大学深圳科技创新研究院) | Preparation method of solid oxide fuel cell |
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