CN119286561B - A raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method - Google Patents
A raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119286561B CN119286561B CN202411823160.6A CN202411823160A CN119286561B CN 119286561 B CN119286561 B CN 119286561B CN 202411823160 A CN202411823160 A CN 202411823160A CN 119286561 B CN119286561 B CN 119286561B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1687—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with steam generation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method, which relate to the technical field of biomass gasification and comprise a temperature control device, a feeding device, a gasification device and a gasification gas treatment unit which are sequentially communicated, wherein the temperature control device comprises a gasification agent conveying pipeline, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the gasification agent conveying pipeline through a first regulating valve group and a second regulating valve group, a plurality of fixed hoods communicated with the first conveying pipeline and flexible hoods communicated with the second conveying pipeline are arranged in the gasification device, and a regulating valve group for regulating total gasification dosage and gasification agent proportion is arranged on the gasification agent conveying pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification, in particular to a raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method.
Background
Biomass has become the fourth most potential renewable energy, compared with traditional energy coal, petroleum and natural gas, the development potential is very large, the biomass resources in China are mainly various residues and wastes (passive biomass resources), mainly comprise agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, livestock and poultry manure, household garbage, sewage sludge and the like, the main ways of biomass energy utilization in China comprise power generation, preparation of molded fuel and production of fuel gas, but with the rapid development of other new energy, the application prospect of preparing liquid fuel or chemical products by taking biomass energy as raw materials is increasingly clear, and the biomass gasification technology is the tap industry and is a key technology for realizing clean and efficient utilization of biomass.
At present, the same as the mature coal gasification technology, biomass gasification technology is also divided into three categories of a fixed bed, a fluidized bed and an entrained flow according to the flowing state of materials in a gasification furnace; however, due to the physical and chemical properties of low grindability index, high sodium and potassium, high water content, low ash fusion point, low ignition point, special oil content, low ignition point, poor slurry forming property and the like of biomass, coal gasification equipment does not need to be directly used for biomass gasification, a fixed bed biomass gasification device has the advantages of simple flow, convenient operation, low investment and the like, but has the advantages of small treatment capacity, low conversion rate, poor environmental protection, high raw material requirement and the like, and is unfavorable for the clean and efficient utilization of biomass gasification technology, the entrained-flow biomass gasification technology has the advantages of high conversion rate, good environmental protection, large treatment capacity, high automation degree and the like, but cannot directly utilize biomass due to the characteristics of poor slurry forming property, low grindability index, low ignition point, poor slurry forming property and the like of biomass raw material, raw material waste, high raw material pretreatment cost, low energy utilization rate and the like are caused, the entrained-flow gasification technology has the characteristics of high pressure and large-scale relatively dispersed biomass, the collection cost is increased, the fluidized bed biomass gasification technology has the problems of low matching degree, the operation economy is poor, and the fluidized bed biomass gasification technology has the advantages of having the advantages of high conversion rate, the fluidized bed has the advantages of being better than the fixed bed gasification with low carbon gasification technology has the hearth has the advantages of low carbon gasification demand, and has low carbon conversion index, and has low competition index, and the hearth has low carbon conversion performance is suitable for the hearth is suitable for the gasification technology has low, the characteristic of low ash, the partial fluidized bed gasification technology also needs to additionally add bed materials, and the system process is complex.
Therefore, a raw material gasification system capable of regulating and controlling temperature and improving gasification efficiency and raw material adaptability is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, avoiding the problem of coking and fluidization losing of a hearth by regulating and controlling the temperature and the working load of a gasification device and improving the gasification efficiency and the raw material applicability.
The invention provides a raw material gasification system which comprises a feeding device, a gasification device, a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the gasification device and a gasification gas treatment unit, wherein a raw material outlet of the feeding device is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device, a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit, the temperature control device comprises a gasification agent conveying pipeline, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the gasification agent conveying pipeline through a first regulating valve group and a second regulating valve group, a plurality of fixed air caps and flexible air caps are arranged in the gasification device, the flexible air caps are communicated with the second conveying pipeline, the fixed air caps are communicated with the first conveying pipeline, and the gasification agent conveying pipeline is provided with a regulating valve group for regulating the total gasification dosage and the gasification agent proportion.
Preferably, the temperature control device further comprises a protective gas conveying pipeline, the protective gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the second conveying pipeline through a third regulating valve group, a wind distribution disc is arranged at the bottom of the gasification device, and a plurality of fixed wind caps and flexible wind caps are arranged on the wind distribution disc.
Preferably, the gasification gas treatment unit comprises a dust removal device for removing dust from the gasification gas, and a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device is communicated with the dust removal device.
Preferably, a gas-solid separation device is arranged between the gasification device and the gasification gas treatment unit, an air inlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device, an air outlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit, and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a material returning opening of the gasification device through a material returning device.
Preferably, the gasification gas treatment unit comprises a steam generating device, a steam superheating device and a steam-water separation device, wherein a gasification gas inlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device, a water inlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a water outlet of the steam-water separation device, a steam-water mixture outlet of the steam generating device is communicated with a steam-water mixture inlet of the steam-water separation device, the steam separation device is provided with a water supplementing port, a steam outlet of the steam-water separation device is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam superheating device, a gasification gas inlet of the steam superheating device is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the steam generating device, a steam outlet of the steam superheating device is communicated with a steam external supply pipeline, and the steam generating device and the steam superheating device generate steam by utilizing waste heat of gasification gas.
Preferably, the steam outlet of the steam superheating device and the oxygen supply pipeline are communicated with the gasifying agent inlet of the gasifying device.
Preferably, a coarse slag outlet of the gasification device is communicated with a coarse slag cooling device.
Preferably, the raw material gasification system further comprises an oxygen removal device and a desalted water pipeline for providing cooling medium for the coarse slag cooling device, wherein a desalted water outlet of the coarse slag cooling device is communicated with a desalted water inlet of the oxygen removal device, a steam outlet of the steam-water separation device is communicated with a steam inlet of the oxygen removal device, and a water outlet of the oxygen removal device is communicated with a water supplementing port of the steam-water separation device.
Preferably, the feeding device comprises a bucket elevator, a belt conveyor, a raw material bin and a screw conveyor which are sequentially connected, a raw material outlet of the screw conveyor is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device, the raw material inlet of the bucket elevator is communicated with a temporary storage and pretreatment device, and the temporary storage and pretreatment device is communicated with a raw material forming device for crushing and briquetting raw materials.
The invention also provides a raw material gasification method using the raw material gasification system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, raw materials enter a gasification device through a feeding device to carry out gasification reaction with a gasifying agent;
s2, enabling the gasification gas produced by the gasification device to enter a gasification gas treatment unit for treatment;
And S3, adjusting the temperature and the work load of the gasification device through a temperature control device according to the properties of the raw materials in the gasification device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly achieves the following technical effects:
the temperature control device can be used for controlling the temperature and the work load of the gasification device according to the characteristics of gasified raw materials, so that the problems of coking and fluidization losing of a hearth are avoided, and the gasification efficiency and the raw material applicability are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the other schemes of the invention have the following technical effects:
the wind distribution mode of combining the fixed wind cap communicated with the first conveying pipeline and the flexible wind cap communicated with the second conveying pipeline is adopted, so that the wind distribution device can be suitable for adjustment of different raw materials and different loads.
The waste heat of the produced coarse slag is recovered, and the desalted water is heated for supplementing water for the deoxidizing device, so that the deoxidizing steam consumption is saved, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a raw material gasification system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a gasification flow chart of a raw material gasification method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the flow dividing tubes in the steam generator according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, a raw material forming device, 2, a temporary storage and pretreatment device, 3, a feeding device, 301, a bucket elevator, 302, a belt conveyor, 303, a raw material bin, 304, a screw conveyor, 4, a gasification device, 401, a flexible hood, 402, a fixed hood, 403, a wind distribution disc, 5, a gas-solid separation device, 6, a returning device, 7, a coarse slag cooling device, 8, a dust removal device, 9, a temperature control device, 901, a first regulating valve group, 902, a second regulating valve group, 903, a third regulating valve group, 10, a steam-water separation device, 11, a deoxidizing device, 12, a steam generating device, 1201, a shunt pipe, 13 and a steam overheating device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a raw material gasification system and a raw material gasification method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, avoiding the problems of coking and fluidization losing of a hearth and improving gasification efficiency and raw material applicability by regulating and controlling the temperature and the work load of a gasification device.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a raw material gasification system is provided, which includes a feeding device 3, a gasification device 4, a temperature control device 9 for controlling the temperature of the gasification device 4, and a gasification gas treatment unit, wherein a raw material outlet of the feeding device 3 is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device 4, and a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device 4 is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit.
In this embodiment, the gasification device 4 is a circulating fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed gasification furnace is a refractory lining.
In this embodiment, the gasification device 4 may be provided with a plurality of raw material inlets, and the plurality of raw materials are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, so as to improve the uniformity of feeding.
The temperature control device 9 in the embodiment comprises a gasifying agent conveying pipeline, a protective gas conveying pipeline, The first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the gasifying agent conveying pipeline through a first regulating valve group 901 and a second regulating valve group 902, the protective gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the second conveying pipeline through a third regulating valve group 903, and the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the gasifying device 4; the bottom of the gasification device 4 is provided with a wind distribution plate 403, the wind distribution plate 403 is provided with a plurality of fixed wind caps 402 and flexible wind caps 401, the fixed wind caps 402 and flexible wind caps 401 are uniformly distributed, the flexible wind caps 401 are communicated with a second conveying pipeline, the fixed wind caps 402 are communicated with a first conveying pipeline, the gasifying agent conveying pipeline is provided with a regulating valve group for regulating the total gasifying dosage and the proportion of gasifying agent steam to oxygen, the regulating valve group comprises two flow regulating valves which are respectively arranged on an oxygen pipeline and a steam pipeline which are communicated with the gasifying agent conveying pipeline and can be additionally provided with flow meters to obtain the flow of oxygen and steam, the temperature control principle of the temperature control device 9 in the embodiment is that when the raw material type is changed or the load of the gasification furnace is changed, the gasifying temperature is controlled by regulating the gasifying dosage, when the total gasifying dosage is regulated and the proportion of the gasifying agent steam is regulated according to the requirement (when the load is unchanged, the total gasifying dosage is required to be reduced or the total gasifying dosage is not required to be changed when the total gasifying dosage is required to be reduced or the total gasifying dosage is required to be changed when the total gasifying dosage is not required to be changed or the total gasifying dosage is required to be reduced when the total gasifying dosage is required to be changed or the total gasifying dosage is required to be reduced, the first regulating valve group 901 and the second regulating valve group 902 need to regulate and control the delivery ratio of the first delivery pipeline and the second delivery pipeline according to the change of the total gasification dosage, namely, regulate and control the ratio of the gas delivery amount of the flexible air cap 401 to the total gasification dosage of the fixed air cap 402, so that the gas amount entering the fixed air cap 402 through the first delivery pipeline is the same as or similar to the gas amount under normal working conditions, the flow rate of the fixed air cap 402 is ensured to be relatively stable, thereby ensuring the fluidization effect and the bed pressure drop, for example, the total gasification dosage is divided into 10 parts, the ratio of the gas delivered by the flexible air cap 401 is 40%, the ratio of the gas delivered by the fixed air cap 402 is 60%, at the moment, the flexible air cap 401 outputs 4 parts, the fixed air cap 402 outputs 6 parts, when the total gasification dosage is changed into 6 parts, the ratio of the gas delivered by the flexible air cap 401 is 0%, the fixed air cap 402 outputs 6 parts, the third regulating valve group 903 has the function of preventing reverse flow of gas entering the flexible air cap 401 into the protection device through supplying the flexible air cap 401, namely, when the third regulating valve group 903 is opened, and the gas is opened, the third regulating valve group is opened, and the gas can be prevented from flowing into the protection device, and the air valve 401 is opened, and the third regulating valve is opened, and the gas flow, and the gas is opened, and the gas is prevented from flowing into the protection device and the, one or more of carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
In this embodiment, the reaction temperature, the circulation rate, the fluidization speed and other process parameters of the gasification device 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the valves of each group.
In this embodiment, the flexible hood 401 accounts for 20% -40% of the total hood quantity.
Because can produce the flying ash in the gasification process, therefore gasification gas processing unit is including being used for the dust collector 8 to gasification gas dust removal, gasification gas outlet and the dust collector 8 intercommunication of gasification equipment 4, dust collector 8 is used for exporting gasification gas after the purification respectively and flying ash, flying ash accessible external transportation equipment carries out transportation processing, flying ash can be regarded as the raw materials of charcoal base fertilizer, return to the field and carry out the resource utilization, dust collector 8 selects metal filter or ceramic filter in this embodiment, dry-type dust removal, dust collection efficiency is high, no washing black water in the system, export gasification gas composition is simple, system environmental protection nature is good.
Because the gasification gas produced by the gasification device 4 contains a part of unreacted and complete raw materials, a gas-solid separation device 5 is arranged between the gasification device 4 and the gasification gas treatment unit and is used for separating raw materials and gasification gas, an air inlet of the gas-solid separation device 5 is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device 4, an air outlet of the gas-solid separation device 5 is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit, an air outlet of the gas-solid separation device 5 is communicated with a return port of the gasification device 4 through a return device 6, the return device 6 is used for providing a path for the separated raw materials to return into the gasification device 4 and improving the treatment effect on the raw materials, and a regulating mechanism capable of regulating the flow area and the conveying flow rate is arranged in the return device 6 in the embodiment, for example, the return device 6 is a pipeline, and a corresponding valve body is arranged on the pipeline to regulate the flow area and the conveying flow rate.
Because the gasification gas produced by the gasification device 4 has higher heat and can cause heat loss if directly discharged, in this embodiment, the gasification gas treatment unit additionally comprises a steam generation device 12, a steam superheating device 13 and a steam-water separation device 10, the gasification gas inlet of the steam generation device 12 is communicated with the gasification gas outlet of the gasification device 4, the water inlet of the steam generation device 12 is communicated with the water outlet of the steam-water separation device 10, the steam-water mixture outlet of the steam generation device 12 is communicated with the steam-water mixture inlet of the steam-water separation device 10, the steam outlet of the steam-water separation device 10 is communicated with the steam inlet of the steam superheating device 13, the gasification gas inlet of the steam superheating device 13 is communicated with the gasification gas outlet of the steam generation device 12, the steam outlet of the steam superheating device 13 is communicated with a steam external supply pipeline, the steam generation device 12 and the steam superheating device 13 utilize the waste heat of the gasification gas, and the steam can be supplied to the equipment which needs to use the steam to realize the recycling of the waste heat.
The steam generator 12 and the steam superheater 13 can reduce the gasification temperature below the gasification temperature of alkali metal and its oxide or salt, and avoid the problems of slag formation, corrosion, etc. of subsequent system equipment.
In order to improve the heat exchange effect of the steam generating device 12, the steam generating device 12 comprises a plurality of split pipes 1201 which are vertically arranged and communicated with the gasification gas inlet, the split pipes 1201 surround to form a plurality of mutually sleeved tubular structures, the split pipes 1201 in the single tubular structure form a complete cylinder body through fin welding, and the inflow water of the steam-water separation device 10 is fed into the cylinder body, so that the heat exchange area is large.
In this embodiment, the gasifying agent is a mixture of oxygen and steam, on the basis of utilizing the waste heat of the gasified gas to generate steam, the steam outlet of the steam superheating device 13 and the oxygen supply pipeline are communicated with the gasifying agent inlet of the gasifying device 4, and when the temperature control device 9 is provided with the conveying pipeline, the valve group and the hood, the steam outlet of the steam superheating device 13 and the oxygen supply pipeline are communicated with the gasifying agent conveying pipeline, which is equivalent to being indirectly communicated with the gasifying agent inlet of the gasifying device 4 through the temperature control device 9, and a part of the steam pipeline communicated with the oxygen supply pipeline is connected with the pipeline outside the steam output in parallel, namely, the self-use of the produced steam is realized, and the external supply is realized.
The coarse slag outlet of the gasification device 4 is communicated with a coarse slag cooling device 7, the coarse slag cooling device 7 is used for cooling coarse slag, the cooled coarse slag can be used as a raw material of a carbon-based fertilizer, the raw slag is returned to the field for recycling, and the coarse slag cooling device 7 is of a spiral water cooling structure and is designed into a central cooling channel and an external water cooling jacket.
In order to fully utilize the waste heat resources during cooling of the coarse slag, the raw material gasification system further comprises an oxygen removal device 11 and a desalted water pipeline for providing a cooling medium for the coarse slag cooling device 7, wherein a desalted water outlet of the coarse slag cooling device 7 is communicated with a desalted water inlet of the oxygen removal device 11, desalted water with a certain temperature is supplemented into the oxygen removal device 11, a steam outlet of the steam-water separation device 10 can be communicated with a steam inlet of the oxygen removal device 11 through a branch pipeline under the condition that the supplemented desalted water has a certain temperature, superheated steam is not required to be provided for being fed into the oxygen removal device 11, a water outlet of the oxygen removal device 11 is communicated with a water supplementing port of the steam-water separation device 10, and the deoxidized desalted water is supplemented to the steam-water separation device 10 as supplementing water of the steam-water separation device 10.
The feeding device 3 comprises a bucket elevator 301, a belt conveyor 302, a raw material bin 303 and a screw conveyor 304 which are sequentially connected, a raw material outlet of the screw conveyor 304 is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device 4, the raw material inlet of the bucket elevator 301 is communicated with a temporary storage and pretreatment device 2, the temporary storage and pretreatment device 2 is communicated with a raw material forming device 1 for crushing and briquetting raw materials, the raw material forming device 1 comprises a crusher and a briquetting machine, irregular raw materials with low bulk density and large size are crushed and briquetted in sequence, the biomass raw materials are fed into the temporary storage and pretreatment device 2 after being crushed and briquetted, the temporary storage and pretreatment device 2 is additionally provided with a raw material inlet for simply crushing raw materials, the raw materials are only required to be simply crushed into raw materials with qualified bulk density, the crusher is arranged on a raw material inlet path, the bucket elevator 301, the belt conveyor 302, the raw material bin 303 and the screw conveyor 304 are used for conveying, metering and feeding the raw materials in the temporary storage and pretreatment device 2, and other devices with conveying functions can be used in other embodiments.
In the embodiment, the raw materials entering the raw material forming device 1 and the temporary storage and pretreatment device 2 enter a gasification treatment device, the gasification treatment temperature range is 700-900 ℃, the desalted water temperature after cooling the coarse slag is 50-80 ℃, the temperature of the cooled coarse slag is less than 100 ℃, the gasification gas temperature after heat exchange of the steam superheating device 13 is 250-400 ℃, the steam pressure range generated by the steam-water separation device 10 is 0.3-4.0 MpaG, the final external steam temperature range is 250-450 ℃, the fly ash collection rate of the dust removal device 8 is more than or equal to 99%, the obtained gasification gas dust content is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm < 3 >, the load adjustment range of the system is 50% -110%, and the carbon conversion rate is more than or equal to 90%.
The raw materials received by the feeding device 3 can be in various forms such as blocks, sheets, strips, columns, particles and the like.
The system can synchronously process a plurality of different raw materials.
The system has low requirements on raw material charging, no requirements on thermal stability, viscosity-temperature characteristics and conveying characteristics, no addition of binder, no pre-carbonization, and low raw material pretreatment cost.
The invention also provides a raw material gasification method using the raw material gasification system, which comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of S1, crushing and briquetting first raw materials in a raw material forming device 1 to obtain forming materials with qualified particle size and bulk density, crushing second raw materials in a temporary storage and pretreatment device 2 to be mixed with the forming materials into third raw materials, conveying the third raw materials into a temporary storage box through a bucket elevator 301 and a belt conveyor 302, defining the raw materials in the temporary storage box as fourth raw materials, conveying the fourth raw materials to a gasification device 4 through a screw conveyor 304, carrying out gasification reaction on the fourth raw materials and a first gasifying agent fed by a temperature control device 9 through a fixed blast cap 402 and a flexible blast cap 401 to obtain first coarse slag and first gasified gas, and cooling the first coarse slag by a coarse slag cooling device 7 to be conveyed as second coarse slag;
S2, forming second gasification gas and first return materials after the first gasification gas passes through the gas-solid separation device 5, wherein the first return materials are returned to the gasification device 4as second return materials after passing through the return device 6, and the second gasification gas enters the gasification gas treatment unit;
S3, according to the properties of the raw materials in the gasification device 4, adjusting the temperature and the work load of the gasification device 4 through a temperature control device 9;
S4, feeding the second gasified gas into the steam generating device 12, heating the inlet water of the steam-water separation device 10 to generate a steam-water mixture, continuously feeding the steam-water mixture into the steam-water separation device 10, enabling the second gasified gas subjected to heat exchange to enter the steam superheating device 13as third gasified gas, heating the first steam separated by the steam-water separation device 10 in the steam superheating device 13 to form second steam, feeding the third gasified gas subjected to heat exchange into the dust removing device 8 as fourth gasified gas to generate fifth gasified gas and fly ash, and using the fifth gasified gas as raw material gas such as synthetic methanol, ammonia and the like for high-value utilization.
In step S4, part of the second steam is mixed with the first oxygen as the third steam and enters the gasifying agent conveying pipeline of the temperature control device 9 to be used as the first gasifying agent, part of the second steam is directly supplied to the outside as the fourth steam, for example, is used as a steam turbine power generation or industrial dragging air source, part of the first steam is supplied as the fifth steam to the deoxidizing device 11, the first desalted water is cooled into coarse slag and then supplied to the deoxidizing device 11 as the second desalted water, the deoxidizing device 11 can be additionally provided with a desalted water supply pipeline for directly supplementing water, and the produced water of the deoxidizing device 11 enters the steam-water separation device 10 as the first supplementing water.
The adaptation to the actual need is within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided herein to facilitate understanding of the principles and embodiments of the present invention and to provide further advantages and practical applications for those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The raw material gasification system is characterized by comprising a feeding device, a gasification device, a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the gasification device and a gasification gas treatment unit, wherein a raw material outlet of the feeding device is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device, a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit, the temperature control device comprises a gasification agent conveying pipeline, a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline, the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the gasification agent conveying pipeline through a first regulating valve group and a second regulating valve group, a plurality of fixed air caps and flexible air caps are arranged in the gasification device, the flexible air caps are communicated with the second conveying pipeline, the fixed air caps are communicated with the first conveying pipeline, and regulating valve groups for regulating the total gasification dosage and the gasification agent proportion are arranged on the gasification agent conveying pipeline;
The temperature control device further comprises a protective gas conveying pipeline, the protective gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the second conveying pipeline through a third regulating valve group, an air distribution disc is arranged at the bottom of the gasification device, and a plurality of fixed hoods and flexible hoods are arranged on the air distribution disc.
2. The raw material gasification system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification gas treatment unit includes a dust removal device for removing dust from gasification gas, and a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device communicates with the dust removal device.
3. The raw material gasification system according to claim 1, wherein a gas-solid separation device is arranged between the gasification device and the gasification gas treatment unit, an air inlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the gasification device, an air outlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a gasification gas inlet of the gasification gas treatment unit, and a solid outlet of the gas-solid separation device is communicated with a return port of the gasification device through a return device.
4. The raw material gasification system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification gas treatment unit comprises a steam generator, a steam superheater and a steam-water separator, wherein a gasification gas inlet of the steam generator is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the gasifier, a water inlet of the steam generator is communicated with a water outlet of the steam-water separator, a steam-water mixture outlet of the steam generator is communicated with a steam-water mixture inlet of the steam-water separator, the steam separator is provided with a water supplementing port, a steam outlet of the steam-water separator is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam superheater, a gasification gas inlet of the steam superheater is communicated with a gasification gas outlet of the steam generator, a steam outlet of the steam superheater is communicated with a steam external supply pipeline, and the steam generator and the steam superheater generate steam by utilizing waste heat of gasification gas.
5. The feedstock gasification system according to claim 4, wherein the steam outlet of the steam superheating device and the oxygen supply line are in communication with a gasifying agent inlet of the gasification device.
6. The feedstock gasification system according to claim 4, wherein the coarse slag outlet of the gasification device is in communication with a coarse slag cooling device.
7. The raw material gasification system of claim 6, further comprising an oxygen removal device and a desalted water pipeline providing a cooling medium for the coarse slag cooling device, wherein a desalted water outlet of the coarse slag cooling device is communicated with a desalted water inlet of the oxygen removal device, a steam outlet of the steam-water separation device is communicated with a steam inlet of the oxygen removal device, and a water outlet of the oxygen removal device is communicated with a water supplementing port of the steam-water separation device.
8. The raw material gasification system of claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a bucket elevator, a belt conveyor, a raw material bin and a screw conveyor which are sequentially connected, a raw material outlet of the screw conveyor is communicated with a raw material inlet of the gasification device, the raw material inlet of the bucket elevator is communicated with a temporary storage and pretreatment device, and the temporary storage and pretreatment device is communicated with a raw material forming device for crushing and briquetting raw materials.
9. A method of gasifying a feedstock, characterized by using the feedstock gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, raw materials enter a gasification device through a feeding device to carry out gasification reaction with a gasifying agent;
s2, enabling the gasification gas produced by the gasification device to enter a gasification gas treatment unit for treatment;
And S3, adjusting the temperature and the work load of the gasification device through a temperature control device according to the properties of the raw materials in the gasification device.
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| CA1156058A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1983-11-01 | August H. Zoll | Gas turbine power plant having a pressurized fluidized bed combustor |
| CA1300884C (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1992-05-19 | John W. Black | Fluidized bed gasifier |
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| JPH11181450A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-07-06 | Ebara Corp | Integrated gasification furnace |
| CN2752625Y (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-01-18 | 尤丙夫 | Chimney processing mechanism for cupola |
| US8691115B2 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2014-04-08 | Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation | System and method for controlling char in biomass reactors |
| DE102012109968B4 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2024-03-21 | Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh | Gas generating reactor, device for converting chemical energy into mechanical and electrical energy, process for producing gas and process for producing mechanical and electrical energy |
| CN103438441B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-09-23 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | The cloth wind system that effective control external heat exchanger material flows backwards |
| CN116857655A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-10 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Biomass gasification and garbage incineration integrated furnace |
| CN117535067A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-02-09 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | Organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification centralized gas supply system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1156058A (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1983-11-01 | August H. Zoll | Gas turbine power plant having a pressurized fluidized bed combustor |
| CA1300884C (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1992-05-19 | John W. Black | Fluidized bed gasifier |
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