CN119203692A - A ply drop optimization design method for composite materials based on ply database - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database, which adopts a double isogenic genetic algorithm to generate a composite material layer database meeting engineering requirements, and then, obtaining the layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering region by adopting a finite element method, dividing layering of different types by a connecting matrix, and determining layering data of each type of layering. And (3) matching the layering data in a composite material layering database to obtain layering sequences of layering of various types, and checking and verifying the layering sequences by adopting a finite element method to obtain an optimal layering design scheme. The application can rapidly realize the optimal design of the composite material layer loss, fully plays the advantages of an engineering layer database, avoids the problems of low efficiency and the like of an optimization algorithm in layer loss treatment, and provides an efficient means for the layer loss optimal design of a large composite material structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of composite material layering design, and particularly relates to a composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layering database.
Background
The composite material is widely used in aircraft structural design due to the excellent performance advantages of specific strength, specific rigidity, fatigue and the like. With the increasing demands for structural load-carrying capacity and light weight, thin-walled structures made of composite materials are increasingly complex. In the thin-wall structure of the composite material for aerospace, a plurality of subareas can be divided, and each subarea is optimized to have different thicknesses according to the load type born by the subarea. Because the fiber in the composite material layer is the main body of the force transmission, the independent design of each thickness partition can lead to the cutting of part of the layer at the joint of the partitions, which is called layer loss, and the discontinuous force transmission of the layer is caused, so that the stress concentration at the boundary and the destruction of the composite material matrix are caused, and the bearing capacity of the structure is influenced.
In the existing lost layer optimization design method, an intelligent optimization algorithm or a designed lost layer sequence is often adopted to optimally design a layer sequence of a variable-thickness composite material structure, the existing design method is low in calculation and solving efficiency, and convergence is difficult after engineering constraint is introduced.
It is therefore desirable to have a solution that overcomes or at least alleviates at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database, which aims to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
A composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a composite material layering database;
step two, a plurality of layering areas of the variable-thickness composite material structure are obtained, and layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering area are determined;
Generating a connection matrix according to the connection relation among the pavement areas, dividing the pavement in each pavement area into three types of global shared pavement, local shared pavement and unique pavement according to the connection matrix, and determining the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the global shared pavement, the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the local shared pavement and the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the unique pavement in each pavement area;
Step four, matching the global shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the global shared layering in the composite material layering database;
Matching a local shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the local shared layering in the composite material layering database;
Matching unique layering sequences with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the unique layering in the composite layering database;
Step five, selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate an overall layering sequence;
step six, constructing a finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure according to the whole layering sequence;
step seven, judging whether each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time;
if yes, reserving the whole layering sequence;
Calculating the mass of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure corresponding to the reserved whole layering sequence;
And returning to the step five, re-selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate a new overall layering sequence until all combinations of the global shared layering sequence, the local shared layering sequence and the unique layering sequence are traversed, and screening out the overall layering sequence corresponding to the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model with the minimum mass.
In at least one embodiment of the application, in the first step, a composite material layering database is constructed by adopting a double isogenic genetic algorithm, wherein constraint conditions comprise equilibrium constraint, symmetry constraint, external surface + -45 degree constraint, continuous layering number constraint and layering proportion constraint;
the fitness function comprises a compression fitness function and a shearing fitness function;
the penalty functions include a continuous ply penalty function, an outer surface + -45 degree penalty function, and an adjacent ply angle penalty function.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step two, obtaining a plurality of layup areas of a variable thickness composite structure and determining a layup thickness and layup ratio for each layup area comprises:
Acquiring a plurality of layering regions of a variable-thickness composite structure;
setting each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into a balanced symmetrical laminated board structure;
determining an initial ply thickness and a ply ratio of each ply area;
sequentially arranging the layering sequence of each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into 0-degree layering, +45-degree layering and-45-degree layering from the outer surface to the middle surface;
Constructing a variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, optimizing the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, and outputting the layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering region meeting the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability;
and rounding the thickness of the layers in each layer area to obtain the number of layers of the layers at each angle.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in the third step, the connection matrix is an n×n matrix, where n is the number of layering regions;
in the connection matrix:
representing that a connection relationship exists between two layering regions through a first identifier;
the absence of a connection between two ply areas is indicated by the second identifier.
In at least one embodiment of the application, in step three, the global shared layup in the layup area is a layup common to all layup areas;
The local shared layering in the layering region is layering shared by other layering regions with connection relations in the layering region;
the individual plies in the ply region are plies that are individual to the ply region.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step six, constructing a finite element model of a variable thickness composite structure according to the global layup sequence, includes:
acquiring an initial finite element model;
And constructing a variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model on the basis of the initial finite element model according to the whole layering sequence.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step seven, it is determined whether each layed area of the finite element model of the variable thickness composite structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity, and stability simultaneously;
if so, further comprising, prior to maintaining the overall layup sequence:
And reducing the number of unique layers in the layer areas with the design margin meeting the requirements, obtaining an adjusted overall layer sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layer sequence, judging whether each layer area of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements on strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layer sequence, and if not, reserving the overall layer sequence before adjustment.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step seven, it is determined whether each layed area of the finite element model of the variable thickness composite structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity, and stability simultaneously;
If not, increasing the number of the unique layers in the layer areas which can not meet the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability, obtaining an adjusted overall layer sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layer sequence, judging whether each layer area of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layer sequence, and if not, deleting the overall layer sequence before adjustment.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer loss database can quickly realize the composite material layer loss optimization design, fully exert the advantages of the engineering layer loss database, avoid the problems of low efficiency and the like of a layer loss processing optimization algorithm, and provide an efficient means for the layer loss optimization design of a large composite material structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a composite material lost layer optimization design method based on a layering database according to one embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application become more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The application provides a composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database, which comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a composite material layering database;
step two, a plurality of layering areas of the variable-thickness composite material structure are obtained, and layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering area are determined;
Generating a connection matrix according to the connection relation among the pavement areas, dividing the pavement in each pavement area into three types of global shared pavement, local shared pavement and unique pavement according to the connection matrix, and determining the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the global shared pavement, the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the local shared pavement and the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the unique pavement in each pavement area;
Step four, matching the global shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the global shared layering in a composite material layering database;
matching a local shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the local shared layering in a composite material layering database;
Matching unique layering sequences with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the unique layering in a composite layering database;
Step five, selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate an overall layering sequence;
step six, constructing a finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure according to the whole layering sequence;
Step seven, judging whether each layering region of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time;
if yes, reserving the whole layering sequence;
calculating the mass of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure corresponding to the reserved whole layering sequence;
And returning to the step five, re-selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate a new overall layering sequence until all combinations of the global shared layering sequence, the local shared layering sequence and the unique layering sequence are traversed, and screening out the overall layering sequence corresponding to the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model with the minimum mass.
According to the composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database, firstly, in the first step, a double isogenic genetic algorithm is adopted, and a composite material layer database meeting engineering requirements is constructed based on proper constraint conditions, fitness functions and penalty functions. The constraint conditions of the layering sequence comprise equilibrium constraint, symmetry constraint, external surface + -45 degree constraint, continuous layering number constraint and layering proportion constraint, the fitness function comprises compression fitness function and shearing fitness function, and the penalty function comprises continuous layering penalty function, external surface + -45 degree penalty function and adjacent layering angle penalty function. And introducing a penalty function on the basis of the fitness function to ensure engineering applicability of the optimization result.
In the second step, dividing each thickness partition of the variable-thickness composite material structure into paving areas, and determining the paving thickness and the paving proportion of each paving area by adopting a finite element method, wherein the specific process is as follows:
Acquiring a plurality of layering regions of a variable-thickness composite structure;
setting each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into a balanced symmetrical laminated board structure;
determining an initial ply thickness and a ply ratio of each ply area;
sequentially arranging the layering sequence of each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into 0-degree layering, +45-degree layering and-45-degree layering from the outer surface to the middle surface;
Constructing a variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, optimizing the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, and outputting the layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering region meeting the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability;
and rounding the thickness of the layers in each layer area to obtain the number of layers of the layers at each angle.
According to the composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database, a finite element method is adopted, the layer thickness and the layer proportion of each layer area are continuously optimized through the indexes of strength, rigidity and stability, and finally the layer thickness and the layer proportion of each layer area meeting the requirements of a plurality of indexes are obtained. In this embodiment, the numerical optimization function of the SABRE finite element software is preferably adopted to obtain the real value of the ply thickness and the ply proportion of each ply region of the variable-thickness composite material structure which are light and meet the mechanical requirement, and meanwhile, the software can also output the area, the quality, the in-plane stiffness parameters, the out-of-plane stiffness parameters and the like of each ply region. It can be appreciated that in this embodiment, the thickness of each layer of the layer area obtained by the finite element method is rounded, so as to implement discretization, so that the thickness of layers of different angles in each layer area can be equal to the thickness of the whole layer of the layer area after being overlapped.
In the third step, the connection matrix generated according to the connection relation between the paving areas is an n×n matrix, and n is the number of the paving areas. In the connection matrix the relation between two ply areas is represented by different identifiers, in one embodiment of the application the connection relation between two ply areas is represented by a first identifier and the connection relation between two ply areas is not represented by a second identifier. The plies in each ply region are divided into three types, global shared plies, local shared plies, and unique plies, according to a connection matrix. The global shared pavement in the pavement area is a common pavement in all pavement areas, the local shared pavement in the pavement area is a common pavement with other pavement areas with connection relations in the pavement area, and the unique pavement in the pavement area is a unique pavement in the pavement area. And finally, distributing the whole pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of each pavement area to obtain the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of different types of pavement in the pavement area.
In the method for optimally designing the composite material layer loss based on the layer database, in the fourth step, the layer sequence of different types of layers is matched in the composite material layer database according to the layer thickness and the layer proportion, and each type of layer can be matched with a plurality of layer sequences. If the data of the corresponding pavement thickness and the pavement proportion do not exist in the composite material pavement database, the corresponding pavement data in the composite material pavement database can be expanded by utilizing a rapid generation algorithm. In step five, a set of resulting overall ply orders is selected from the ply orders for each type of ply.
In the sixth step, constructing a finite element model of a variable-thickness composite material structure according to the whole layering sequence comprises the steps of obtaining an initial finite element model; and constructing a finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure on the basis of the initial finite element model according to the whole layering sequence. The variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model can be obtained rapidly only by updating the layering information of the initial finite element model according to the whole layering sequence.
The application relates to a composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database, which is characterized in that an adjusting step of an overall layer sequence is added in a step seven, and specifically comprises the following steps:
judging whether each layering region of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time;
if so, further comprising, prior to maintaining the overall layup sequence:
And reducing the number of unique layers in the layer areas with the design margin meeting the requirements to obtain an adjusted overall layer sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layer sequence, judging whether each layer area of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements on strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layer sequence, and if not, reserving the overall layer sequence before adjustment.
In this embodiment, under the condition that the overall layering sequence meets the index requirement, the weight reduction design is continuously performed, and by checking the design margin of each layering region, whether the layering number can be reduced in the layering region with the design margin meeting the requirement is judged, redundant layering is deleted, structural weight reduction is performed, and if no weight reduction space is available, the overall layering sequence design scheme before adjustment is reserved, and in order to reduce the calculation time, the overall layering sequence adjustment step can be performed only once or in a limited number of cycles. It is understood that the strength design margin, the stiffness design margin, and the stability design margin all meet the requirements when determining whether the design margin meets the requirements.
Further, judging whether each layering region of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability;
If not, increasing the number of the unique layering layers in the layering regions which can not meet the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, obtaining an adjusted overall layering sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layering sequence, judging whether each layering region of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layering sequence, and if not, deleting the overall layering sequence before adjustment.
In this embodiment, under the condition that the overall layering sequence does not meet the index requirement, on the premise of a given weight increasing threshold, the unique layering of the corresponding layering regions is appropriately increased, so that each layering region of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite structure simultaneously meets the strength, rigidity and stability requirements, and if the overall layering sequence cannot meet the requirements after adjustment, the overall layering sequence before adjustment is deleted.
According to the composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database, the whole layer sequence corresponding to the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model with the minimum quality is screened out by traversing all combinations of the global shared layer sequence, the local shared layer sequence and the unique layer sequence.
According to the composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database, a composite material layer database meeting engineering requirements is generated by adopting a double isogenic genetic algorithm, then the layer thickness and the layer proportion of each layer area are obtained by adopting a finite element method, different types of layers are divided through a connection matrix, and layer data of each type of layer are determined. And (3) matching the layering data in a composite material layering database to obtain layering sequences of layering of various types, and checking and verifying the layering sequences by adopting a finite element method to obtain an optimal layering design scheme. The application can rapidly realize the optimal design of the composite material layer loss, fully plays the advantages of an engineering layer database, avoids the problems of low efficiency and the like of an optimization algorithm in layer loss treatment, and provides an efficient means for the layer loss optimal design of a large composite material structure.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A composite material layer loss optimization design method based on a layer database is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a composite material layering database;
step two, a plurality of layering areas of the variable-thickness composite material structure are obtained, and layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering area are determined;
Generating a connection matrix according to the connection relation among the pavement areas, dividing the pavement in each pavement area into three types of global shared pavement, local shared pavement and unique pavement according to the connection matrix, and determining the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the global shared pavement, the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the local shared pavement and the pavement thickness and the pavement proportion of the unique pavement in each pavement area;
Step four, matching the global shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the global shared layering in the composite material layering database;
Matching a local shared layering sequence with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the local shared layering in the composite material layering database;
Matching unique layering sequences with the same layering thickness and layering proportion as the unique layering in the composite layering database;
Step five, selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate an overall layering sequence;
step six, constructing a finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure according to the whole layering sequence;
step seven, judging whether each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time;
if yes, reserving the whole layering sequence;
Calculating the mass of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure corresponding to the reserved whole layering sequence;
And returning to the step five, re-selecting a group of global shared layering sequence, local shared layering sequence and unique layering sequence to generate a new overall layering sequence until all combinations of the global shared layering sequence, the local shared layering sequence and the unique layering sequence are traversed, and screening out the overall layering sequence corresponding to the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model with the minimum mass.
2. The method for optimizing composite material layer loss based on the layer database according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, a composite material layer database is constructed by adopting a double isogenic genetic algorithm, wherein,
Constraint conditions comprise equilibrium constraint, symmetry constraint, external surface + -45 degree constraint, continuous layering number constraint and layering proportion constraint;
the fitness function comprises a compression fitness function and a shearing fitness function;
the penalty functions include a continuous ply penalty function, an outer surface + -45 degree penalty function, and an adjacent ply angle penalty function.
3. The method for optimizing composite lost layer design based on a ply database according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, a plurality of ply areas of the variable thickness composite structure are obtained, and the ply thickness and the ply proportion of each ply area are determined, comprising:
Acquiring a plurality of layering regions of a variable-thickness composite structure;
setting each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into a balanced symmetrical laminated board structure;
determining an initial ply thickness and a ply ratio of each ply area;
sequentially arranging the layering sequence of each layering region of the variable-thickness composite material structure into 0-degree layering, +45-degree layering and-45-degree layering from the outer surface to the middle surface;
Constructing a variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, optimizing the variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model, and outputting the layering thickness and layering proportion of each layering region meeting the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability;
and rounding the thickness of the layers in each layer area to obtain the number of layers of the layers at each angle.
4. The method for optimizing composite material layer loss based on the layering database according to claim 3, wherein in the third step,
The connection matrix is an n multiplied by n matrix, and n is the number of the layering areas;
in the connection matrix:
representing that a connection relationship exists between two layering regions through a first identifier;
the absence of a connection between two ply areas is indicated by the second identifier.
5. The method for optimizing composite material layer loss based on a layering database according to claim 4, wherein in the third step,
The global shared layup in the layup area is a layup common to all layup areas;
The local shared layering in the layering region is layering shared by other layering regions with connection relations in the layering region;
the individual plies in the ply region are plies that are individual to the ply region.
6. The method for optimizing composite material layer loss based on a layering database according to claim 5, wherein in the sixth step, a variable thickness composite material structure finite element model is constructed according to the overall layering sequence, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an initial finite element model;
And constructing a variable-thickness composite material structure finite element model on the basis of the initial finite element model according to the whole layering sequence.
7. The composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database according to claim 6, wherein in the seventh step, whether each layer area of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time is judged;
if so, further comprising, prior to maintaining the overall layup sequence:
And reducing the number of unique layers in the layer areas with the design margin meeting the requirements, obtaining an adjusted overall layer sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layer sequence, judging whether each layer area of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements on strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layer sequence, and if not, reserving the overall layer sequence before adjustment.
8. The composite material layer loss optimization design method based on the layer database according to claim 7, wherein in the seventh step, whether each layer area of the finite element model of the variable-thickness composite material structure meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time is judged;
If not, increasing the number of the unique layers in the layer areas which can not meet the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability, obtaining an adjusted overall layer sequence, constructing a variable-thickness composite structure finite element model according to the adjusted overall layer sequence, judging whether each layer area of the variable-thickness composite structure finite element model meets the requirements of strength, rigidity and stability at the same time, if so, reserving the adjusted overall layer sequence, and if not, deleting the overall layer sequence before adjustment.
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