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CN119167624A - A forward design method for electromagnetic compatibility of actuators and its application - Google Patents

A forward design method for electromagnetic compatibility of actuators and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119167624A
CN119167624A CN202411212651.7A CN202411212651A CN119167624A CN 119167624 A CN119167624 A CN 119167624A CN 202411212651 A CN202411212651 A CN 202411212651A CN 119167624 A CN119167624 A CN 119167624A
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China
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electromagnetic compatibility
actuator
design
chassis
power
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王玥
彭海波
马元元
李宁
阎彬
王挥
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Xian Microelectronics Technology Institute
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Xian Microelectronics Technology Institute
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Priority to CN202411212651.7A priority Critical patent/CN119167624A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/18—Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method and related equipment of an actuator, which comprises the steps of carrying out minimum system decomposition on the actuator, marking devices, interfaces and cover plates in the minimum system, analyzing cable relations and space coupling relations among the devices, the interfaces and the cover plates, respectively connecting the devices, the interfaces and the cover plates by using different line segments, carrying out coupling statistics on the number of the line coupling connecting lines and the field coupling connecting lines, identifying the weakest link of the minimum system according to a topological graph theory method, carrying out electromagnetic compatibility design on the weakest link, carrying out electromagnetic compatibility test verification after the design is completed, identifying the weakest link of the minimum system according to a topological graph theory method due to the problems of space and weight of the actuator, and then realizing forward design of electromagnetic compatibility performance of the actuator of a radio telescope by establishing an electromagnetic radiation optimization mode corresponding to sub-problems, thereby improving electromagnetic compatibility indexes of the actuator.

Description

Electromagnetic compatibility forward design method and application of actuator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method and application of an actuator.
Background
For the field of radioastronomy, as the radiotelescope is developed towards a higher frequency band and a larger caliber, the sensitivity of the system is greatly improved, and the radiotelescope is not expected to receive other useless signals except for the useful target signals. The radioastronomical site electric wave environment is complex, besides receiving electromagnetic radiation of a cosmic celestial body, the radioastronomical site electric wave environment is also accompanied with surrounding commercial equipment, electrical equipment, residential areas and other complex electromagnetic waves, various wireless communication services and electromagnetic radiation of self equipment, and as the celestial body radiation signal reaching the radiotelescope is very weak, the signal to noise ratio is extremely low and even reaches-60 dB, the radioastronomical site electric wave environment is very easy to be interfered by an external environment and a system, so that the problem of electromagnetic compatibility is outstanding, and the radioastronomical site electric wave environment becomes a serious influence factor for influencing normal running of radioobservation.
The actuator is used as a load when the main reflecting surface of the antenna is designed, and is arranged at the node of each panel, so that the main reflecting surface of the radio telescope is ensured to be in a core structure for surface type adjustment, and for the large-caliber main reflecting surface panel, interference among thousands of actuators and other antenna systems in the radio telescope system is very easy to be weak links of electromagnetic compatibility of the system, the working performance of the actuator is influenced, so that the electromagnetic compatibility performance of each link in the radio telescope system is strictly controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a forward design method and application of electromagnetic compatibility of an actuator, solves the problems of extremely low electromagnetic compatibility index of a radio telescope actuator and high difficulty of products passing electromagnetic compatibility test,
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
An actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design method, comprising:
performing minimum system decomposition on the actuator, and marking devices, interfaces and cover plates in the minimum system;
Analyzing the cable relation and the space coupling relation among the device, the interface and the cover plate, and connecting the device, the interface and the cover plate by using different line segments respectively;
Based on the line segment connection result, the number of the line coupling connecting lines and the field coupling connecting lines is counted through coupling;
Based on the coupling statistical result, identifying the weakest link of the minimum system according to the method of the topological graph theory;
and carrying out electromagnetic compatibility design on the weakest link, and carrying out electromagnetic compatibility test verification after the design is completed.
Preferably, the design of the weakest link includes the design of the controller, AC/DC power, power interface, chassis housing and interface or chassis electromagnetic compatibility layout and impedance matching.
Preferably, the electromagnetic compatibility design for the controller includes:
The ground wire of the ADM2401 chip is changed into a stratum, parasitic capacitance between a device and a system ground and between isolation areas in the device is reduced, the ADUM chip is moved to the back of the PCB, interference to other devices is reduced, and meanwhile, a crystal oscillator is designed.
Preferably, the design of the crystal oscillator comprises:
The method comprises the steps of selecting the type of crystal oscillator, selecting corresponding magnetic beads according to the working frequency, connecting the corresponding magnetic beads in series to reduce radiation, paving a stratum on a printed board to shield signals, designing corresponding magnetic beads at an output interface of the signals to filter, and decoupling and filtering the power supply pins of the device.
Preferably, the electromagnetic compatibility design for the AC/DC power supply includes:
The filter is characterized in that the filter is used for filtering the power module, the input-output coupling of a power line is effectively avoided by adopting an input-output structure isolation design form, the filter is placed next to the power module and an external interface at the shortest distance, the input end of the filter is designed into a hollow screw rod form, the screw rod penetrates into a metal cover of an equipment installation connector, the screw rod is locked through a nut and shields the penetrating hole, the line of the input end of the filter enters a connector cavity through the hollow screw rod to be welded with the connector, and the output end of the filter is connected with the power panel connector inside the equipment.
Preferably, the electromagnetic compatibility design of the chassis shell, the interface and the power interface comprises that an electric connector and an optical connector on the chassis adopt a connector with shielding effect, the gasket is provided with a conductive sealing gasket, a chassis cover and the chassis body are sealed by adopting a conductive sealing rope, and a screw gap on the chassis cover is designed according to the gap with shielding effect.
Preferably, the chassis electromagnetic compatibility layout design includes:
The gear motor is integrated in the case of the controller and connected with the case through a fixing screw, the motor shaft extends out of the case and is directly connected with the shaft of the transmission assembly, the case is provided with a screw and is used for being connected and fixed with the transmission assembly, the power filter is placed next to the AC/DC power supply and the power connector, the controller board is mounted on a single face of the six faces of the case, an external power line supplies power for internal equipment through the power filter, the internal equipment of the case communicates with external equipment through the signal filter and the optical fiber connector, and the waterproof shielding ventilation valve is mounted on the shielding case.
Preferably, the impedance matching design comprises:
And conductive gaskets are additionally arranged on the joint surface of the box body and the cover plate and the mounting surface of the box body and the electric connector, so that conductive oxidation is removed, and the impedance of the joint surface is reduced.
Preferably, the electromagnetic compatibility test verification includes:
And verifying an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator through an RE102 test of the microwave darkroom, wherein when the actuator is at 1-6 GHz, RE102 test radiation is lower than darkroom background noise, and the test passes and is effective in verification of the electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator.
An application of an actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design method in actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention provides the forward electromagnetic compatibility design method of the actuator, the electromagnetic compatibility problem of the system is divided into a plurality of sub-problems by researching the interference coupling characteristic of the actuator based on the electromagnetic compatibility index of the actuator, the weakest link of the minimum system is identified according to the method of topological graph theory due to the problems of the space and the weight of the actuator, and the forward electromagnetic compatibility design of the actuator of the radio telescope is realized by establishing an electromagnetic radiation optimization mode corresponding to the sub-problems, so that the electromagnetic compatibility index of the actuator is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for forward design of electromagnetic compatibility of an actuator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an actuator outline structure and interconnections provided in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic coupling inside an actuator system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a and b are schematic diagrams of different angles, and the positions of the integrated design of shielding and filtering are shown in the drawings;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation location of a power filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a signal filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of shielding effectiveness of a chassis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator, including:
S101, performing minimum system decomposition on an actuator, and marking devices, interfaces and cover plates in the minimum system;
s102, analyzing the cable relation and the space coupling relation among the device, the interface and the cover plate, and connecting the device, the interface and the cover plate by using different line segments respectively;
S103, based on the line segment connection result, the number of the line coupling connecting lines and the field coupling connecting lines is counted through coupling;
s104, based on the coupling statistical result, identifying the weakest link of the minimum system according to a method of topological graph theory;
S105, carrying out electromagnetic compatibility design on the weakest link, and carrying out electromagnetic compatibility test verification after the design is completed.
The method comprises the following steps:
Analyzing the electromagnetic compatibility characteristics of the inside and the outside of the actuator, defining an external interference source, an internal interference source, a transmission path and the like, and classifying and summarizing the electromagnetic compatibility characteristics of the actuator;
And 2, performing minimum system decomposition on the complex actuator, recording the minimum system in a rectangular solid block mode, and recording an external space and an internal space by taking the actuator shell as an interface. The actuator system housing contains the various components, designated as, respectively, inside. Marking an external interface of the shell, which can cause electromagnetic leakage and electromagnetic coupling, recording a large-area chassis shell cover plate in a mode, and recording a small-area interface in a mode;
And 3, analyzing the cable connection relation between the minimum systems, and connecting the minimum systems with the wire connection relation by using black thin solid lines.
And 4, analyzing the spatial coupling relation between the minimum systems, and connecting the minimum systems possibly having the spatial coupling relation by using black thin dashed lines.
And 5, counting the coupling condition of the actuator, and intuitively counting the number of line coupling connecting lines and field coupling connecting lines between each minimum system and other minimum systems.
And 6, identifying the parts needing to be subjected to the electromagnetic compatibility design mainly according to the method of the topological graph theory and the summary of coupling statistics and weak links among the systems.
And 7, carrying out electromagnetic compatibility design in steps on the parts needing to be subjected to the electromagnetic compatibility design.
And 8, verifying electromagnetic compatibility test. After the electromagnetic compatibility design of the product is finished, the electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator needs to be verified through testing.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of an actuator, which comprises the following steps:
As shown in fig. 2, the actuator mainly comprises an AC/DC power panel, a controller, a motor, a speed reducer, a screw, a temperature sensor, a linear displacement sensor and other modules. The actuator is an actuating mechanism of a main reflecting surface control system, the motion precision, the running synchronism and the response command instantaneity of the actuator are important guarantees of main reflecting surface adjustment, and an internal sensor system of the actuator is an important support for system fault diagnosis. The external dimensions are length, width and height 227mm, 161mm and 126mm, the size is small, the internal layout is compact, and the electronic system is a typical high-density and miniaturized electronic system. And an extremely high electromagnetic compatibility index is provided for the product, and when an RE102 electromagnetic compatibility test is carried out according to GJB-151B, the electromagnetic radiation limit value is about 20dB lower than the ambient noise of a darkroom at 1-6 GHz. The proposed forward design approach to electromagnetic compatibility for such products may include more or fewer components than shown, or a combination of certain components, or a different arrangement of components.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of an actuator according to the present invention, and first, the electromagnetic compatibility characteristics of the inside and the outside of the actuator are analyzed. The radio telescope system mainly comprises a large-caliber parabolic antenna, a receiving system, an actuator cluster, a control and monitoring system, a power distribution system and other subsystems. The external interference sources comprise long-distance satellite transmission and radar transmission, short-distance mobile communication base stations, high-voltage transmission lines, broadcast television transmission towers and the like, and the interference sources outside the actuator body not only can interfere with each other among actuator clusters, but also can interfere with the actuators through cables by the antenna, a power distribution system, a monitoring system and other systems.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention proposes a method for coupling and weak link analysis between systems by combining a method of abstract topology theory with multidimensional screening, and a specific workflow is as follows.
First, the complex actuator is subjected to minimum system decomposition, and a rectangular solid block diagram is adoptedThe mode of (1) is to record the minimum system, the actuator housing is denoted as S 01, the external space is denoted as V 0, and the internal space is denoted as V 1 by S 01 as an interface. The inside of the actuator system housing contains a controller, a vibration sensor, a motor, and a power module, each of which is designated as V 1.1、V1.2、V1.3、V1.4.
Second, the external interfaces of the shell, which can cause electromagnetic leakage and electromagnetic coupling, are marked, and a large-area case shell cover plate is used for markingThe other temperature sensor, linear displacement sensor, optical cable and power line interfaceIs recorded by way of a record of (a).
And thirdly, analyzing the cable connection relation between the minimum systems, and connecting the minimum systems with the wire connection relation by using black thin solid lines. The device comprises a power line entering from a shell interface, a connection between the power line and an AC/DC module, the AC/DC module converts alternating current into 24V and provides the 24V to a controller, the controller realizes connection between motor driving vibration sensors, the vibration sensor drives a motor, signals of sensors interacted with a temperature sensor and a linear displacement sensor by the controller respectively, and the controller is connected with an optical fiber interface.
And fourthly, analyzing the spatial coupling relation between the minimum systems, and connecting the minimum systems possibly with the spatial coupling relation by using black thin broken lines. Including radiation coupling of the power module to each of the minimum systems and ports, radiation coupling of the control board to each of the minimum systems and ports, and the like.
And fifthly, counting the coupling condition of the actuator by using a table condition, and intuitively counting the number of line coupling connecting lines and field coupling connecting lines between each minimum system and other minimum systems, wherein the counting result is shown in table 1.
Table 1 statistics of electromagnetic coupling conditions within an actuator system
Sequence number Part(s) Line coupling Field coupling
1 Cabinet shell 0 4
2 Temperature sensor 1 3
3 Displacement sensor 1 3
4 Optical cable 1 3
5 Power line port 2 4
6 Power supply module 2 7
7 Controller for controlling a power supply 4 8
8 Vibration sensor 2 2
9 Motor with a motor housing 1 3
And sixthly, screening out relatively weak coupling signals by combining structure screening, amplitude screening, frequency screening and other methods, counting out the link with the thinnest electromagnetic compatibility, and combining application information for specific analysis. It can be seen from table 1 that the controller and the AC/DC power module are the worst weak links for the electromagnetic compatibility coupling. The electromagnetic compatibility of these two minimum systems was analyzed. For the AC/DC power supply module, when the rectifying circuit works, the on and off of the diode of the rectifying circuit easily causes transient mutation of voltage and current to generate larger electromagnetic interference, the DC/DC conversion circuit mainly adopts PWM control, the rising and falling edges of the DC/DC conversion circuit are steep, the voltage and the current are both in conversion states in a short time, and the fluctuation is severe and the electromagnetic interference is easy to generate. For the controller, the driving circuit mainly adopts a PWM signal control mode, and the working state of the motor is controlled by adjusting the output voltage waveform of the driving circuit, so that larger interference is easy to generate in the working process. The control circuit in the controller is composed of a high-speed digital processing chip ARM, a clock circuit, a memory and the like, wherein clock signals and harmonic interference thereof are easy to become main frequency point interference sources.
Seventh, as can be seen from table 1, the statistics of the coupling numbers of the rest parts are about 4, so that further screening is performed, the power supply line port is connected with the power supply module, and the power supply module is used as a main interference source and is easily transmitted through power supply line conduction and radiation coupling. Because the number of the gaps of the case shell is the largest and the area is the largest, the electromagnetic radiation leakage path is easy to be formed, and the shielding effectiveness of the product case is reduced. The displacement sensor adopts digital signal output, and when the digital signal rises and falls, the state is changed into another state in a short time, so that larger electromagnetic interference is easy to generate and radiation is conducted through a cable.
Eighth, for other parts in the table, such as a temperature sensor, the filler neck senses an external temperature signal, the temperature-reducing reading signal is transmitted to the platinum resistor, the temperature sensor cannot generate electromagnetic interference, the outer shell of the temperature sensor is made of metal, and the cable is led out through aviation insertion, so that the temperature sensor is not easy to generate electromagnetic interference. The vibration sensor is arranged on the speed reducer, so that the collection of the mechanical transmission working frequency can be realized, and the sensor adopts an analog output mode, so that the AD collection is required to be carried out at the rear end, and compared with the sensor with digital output, the sensor has better electromagnetic compatibility. The optical cable component uses optical fibers for transmitting optical signals, and the main material of the optical cable component is an insulator, so that the electromagnetic interference resistance is higher.
Because of the problems of the space and the weight of the actuator, the method for carrying out key electromagnetic compatibility design on the controller, the AC/DC power supply, the power supply interface, the case shell, the interface and the displacement sensor by combining the method of the topology theory with multi-dimensional screening is as follows:
The controller is a core PCB board which realizes the control of a motor, the optical fiber communication of an upper computer, the position information feedback and calculation, the data storage, the health management data acquisition and the power supply change and isolation functions used in the controller. The method comprises the steps of controlling line width change and layer conversion in product design, reducing gaps on a return path plane according to product wiring specifications in PCB wiring, controlling impedance of a signal loop, reducing area of the loop, adopting reasonable termination, and controlling reflection of the loop. And carrying out packet processing on the key signals, and connecting the holes to the ground plane for many times by adopting the ground plane or the ground wire.
The design of electromagnetic compatibility of the isolated chip and the clock crystal oscillator of the ADI on the controller is also required. For ADUM digital isolation chips on the controller, using magnetic isolation techniques, EMI can be a significant problem on the data channels of pure data icopler and isPower devices because the standard data couplers for ADI use similar magnetic techniques, and thus PCB routing is particularly important. The chip is specially designed, namely, in order to shield interference, the ground wire of the ADM2401 chip is changed into a stratum, and parasitic capacitance between a device and a system ground and between isolation areas in the device is reduced so as to avoid reducing the isolation effect of the device;
The controller comprises a plurality of crystal oscillators and clock signals generated by phase-locked loop frequency multiplication, and because the power spectrum of the clock signals is the discrete distribution of fundamental waves and higher harmonics, each frequency point has certain power, and therefore, the clock signals have higher-intensity frequency domain power spectrum than non-periodic signals. In order to control the radiation of the crystal oscillator on the PCB, the type of the crystal oscillator is controlled, and the corresponding magnetic bead serial connection is selected according to the corresponding working frequency to reduce the radiation. And laying a stratum on the printed board to shield signals. And designing corresponding magnetic beads at the output interface of the signal for filtering. Decoupling filtering design is carried out on corresponding power supply pins of the device.
And carrying out electromagnetic compatibility design on the AC/DC power supply module. The most effective measure against the radiation interference of the AC/DC power supply module is to filter the power supply module. The design and selection of the EMI power supply filter should be comprehensively considered according to the requirements of parameters such as interference source characteristics, frequency ranges, voltage, impedance and the like and load characteristics, the attenuation characteristics of the EMI power supply filter which can meet the load requirements are generally considered, if the attenuation of one filter cannot meet the requirements, multiple cascades can be adopted to obtain good attenuation characteristics in a wide frequency band, the requirements of the working frequency and the required suppression frequency of a load circuit are met, the impedance of the filter must be matched with the impedance of the interference source connected with the load impedance at the required frequency, the electromagnetic interference filter must have certain pressure resistance and can withstand the impact of input instantaneous high voltage, the allowable current of the filter is consistent with the rated current continuously running in the circuit, and the filter has sufficient mechanical strength, and is simple in structure, light in weight, small in size, convenient to install, safe and reliable. In order to make the suppression effect of filtering better, an input-output structure isolation design form is adopted, so that the input-output coupling of a power line is effectively avoided, and further high-frequency interference is effectively suppressed, as shown in fig. 5. The filter is placed next to the power module and the external interface at the nearest distance, the input end of the filter is designed into a hollow screw rod mode, the screw rod penetrates into a metal cover of the equipment installation connector, and the threaded rod is locked through a nut and shields the penetrating hole. The wires at the input end of the filter enter the cavity of the connector through a hollow screw rod to be welded with the connector, and the wires at the output end of the filter are connected with the power panel connector inside the device, and the insertion loss of the wires is shown in the following table 2.
Table 2 new power filter insertion loss
Electromagnetic compatibility design of the sensor. In order to enhance the anti-interference capability of the signal interface, a circuit design is performed by adopting a mode of combining an inductor and a capacitor, so that the signal filter has higher difference loss in a wide frequency band of 2 MHz-1 GHz, the actual measurement value of the insertion loss is shown in a table 3, the filter mounting position is shown in a figure 6, and the filter mounting position is mounted and fixed at a position close to a port of the signal connector, thereby effectively avoiding mutual coupling of input and output.
TABLE 3 insertion loss actual measurement values
And the electromagnetic compatibility design of the case shell, the interfaces and the power interfaces is realized. The electric connector and the optical connector on the chassis are both connectors with high shielding effect and are provided with conductive sealing gaskets. The case cover and the case body are sealed by adopting a conductive sealing rope, and a screw gap on the case cover is designed according to a gap with high shielding effectiveness. Meanwhile, shielding effectiveness design performance of each interface and the shell is verified by using shielding effectiveness simulation, and simulation results are shown in fig. 6.
Electromagnetic compatibility layout and impedance matching design of the chassis. The gear motor is integrated in the controller case and connected with the case through a fixing screw, the motor shaft extends out of the case and can be directly connected with the shaft of the transmission assembly, and the screw arranged on the case is used for being connected and fixed with the transmission assembly. The power filter is arranged next to the AC/DC power supply and the power connector, so that the wiring is shortest, and the design requirement of electromagnetic compatibility is met. The controller board card is arranged on a single face of the hexahedron of the chassis, and is convenient for fixing and wiring.
The external power line supplies power to the internal equipment through a power filter and the like, the internal equipment in the box body communicates with the external equipment through a signal filter, an optical fiber connector and the like, and the waterproof shielding ventilation valve is arranged on the shielding box body.
The metal shell needs to have the functions of shielding and clutter discharging, extremely low impedance (less than 50mΩ) is needed, and in order to ensure low impedance discharging and impedance continuity, conductive gaskets are additionally arranged on the joint surface of the box body and the cover plate and the mounting surface of the box body and the electric connector, and some parts remove conductive oxidation, reduce the impedance of the joint surface, improve the conductivity continuity, ensure the low impedance of the metal by using an ohmmeter for measurement, and improve the shielding effectiveness of the machine case.
And (5) verifying electromagnetic compatibility tests. After the electromagnetic compatibility design of the product is finished, the electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator is verified through the RE102 test of the microwave darkroom, the electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator is verified to be effective through the test that the test radiation of the actuator is lower than the darkroom background noise at 1-6 GHzRE 102.
The invention also provides application of the actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design method in actuator electromagnetic compatibility design.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments and application fields, which are merely illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may make many forms without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1.一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，包括：1. A method for electromagnetic compatibility forward design of an actuator, comprising: 对促动器进行最小系统分解，对最小系统内部的器件、接口和盖板进行标记；Decompose the actuator into a minimum system and mark the components, interfaces and covers within the minimum system; 对器件、接口和盖板之间的线缆关系和空间耦合关系进行分析，分别用不同的线段连接；Analyze the cable relationship and spatial coupling relationship between the device, interface and cover, and connect them with different line segments; 基于线段连接结果，耦合统计线耦合连线和场耦合连线的数量；Based on the line segment connection results, the number of line coupling lines and field coupling lines is counted; 基于耦合统计结果，根据对拓扑图论的方法识别最小系统的最薄弱环节；Based on the coupling statistics, the weakest link of the minimum system is identified according to the topological graph theory method; 对最薄弱环节进行电磁兼容设计，设计完成后进行电磁兼容试验验证。Carry out electromagnetic compatibility design for the weakest link, and conduct electromagnetic compatibility test verification after the design is completed. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，对最薄弱环节进行设计包括对控制器、AC/DC电源、电源接口、机箱壳体及接口或机箱电磁兼容布局及阻抗匹配进行设计。2. According to claim 1, an actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design method is characterized in that designing the weakest link includes designing the controller, AC/DC power supply, power interface, chassis housing and interface or chassis electromagnetic compatibility layout and impedance matching. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，对控制器电磁兼容设计包括：3. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the electromagnetic compatibility design of the controller includes: 将ADM2401芯片的地线改为地层，减小器件和系统地之间、器件内部隔离区之间的寄生电容，并将ADUM2401芯片挪至PCB板背面，减小对其他器件的干扰，同时对晶体振荡器进行设计。Change the ground line of the ADM2401 chip to the ground layer to reduce the parasitic capacitance between the device and the system ground and between the isolation areas inside the device. Move the ADM2401 chip to the back of the PCB board to reduce interference with other devices. At the same time, design the crystal oscillator. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，晶体振荡器的设计包括：4. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 3, wherein the design of the crystal oscillator comprises: 对晶振种类进行选型控制，依据工作频率选择相应的磁珠串接降低辐射，在印制板上铺设地层进行信号屏蔽，在信号的输出接口处设计相应的磁珠进行滤波，对器件的供电管脚进行去耦滤波设计。The crystal oscillator type is selected and controlled, and the corresponding magnetic beads are selected in series according to the operating frequency to reduce radiation. The ground layer is laid on the printed circuit board for signal shielding, and the corresponding magnetic beads are designed for filtering at the output interface of the signal. The decoupling filter is designed for the power supply pins of the device. 5.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，对AC/DC电源电磁兼容设计包括：5. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic compatibility design of an AC/DC power supply comprises: 对电源模块进行滤波，采取输入输出结构隔离的设计形式，有效避免电源线的输入输出耦合，滤波器以最近距离挨着电源模块与对外接口放置，将滤波器输入端设计为空心螺杆形式，螺杆穿入设备安装连接器的金属罩中，通过螺母锁紧并将穿入孔屏蔽，滤波器输入端的线通过空心螺杆进入连接器腔内与连接器焊接，输出端与设备内部电源板连接器。The power module is filtered and the input and output structure are isolated to effectively avoid the input and output coupling of the power line. The filter is placed as close to the power module and the external interface as possible. The input end of the filter is designed as a hollow screw. The screw is inserted into the metal cover of the equipment installation connector, locked with a nut and the penetration hole is shielded. The wire at the input end of the filter enters the connector cavity through the hollow screw and is welded to the connector. The output end is connected to the power board connector inside the equipment. 6.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，对机箱壳体及接口和电源接口电磁兼容设计包括，在机箱上的电连接器和光连接器采用屏蔽效能的连接器，并垫设有导电密封垫，机箱盖与箱体之间采用导电密封绳密封，机箱盖上的螺钉间隙按照具有屏蔽效能的间隙进行设计。6. According to claim 2, an electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator is characterized in that the electromagnetic compatibility design of the chassis shell and the interface and the power interface includes: the electrical connector and the optical connector on the chassis use shielding connectors and are padded with conductive sealing pads, the chassis cover and the box body are sealed with a conductive sealing rope, and the screw gap on the chassis cover is designed according to a gap with shielding effectiveness. 7.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，机箱电磁兼容布局设计包括：7. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic compatibility layout design of the chassis includes: 减速电机集成于控制器机箱内，通过固定螺钉与机箱相连接，电机轴伸出机箱，直接与传动组件的轴相连接，机箱上设置螺钉，用于与传动组件相连接固定，电源滤波器紧挨着AC\DC电源和电源连接器摆放，控制器板卡安装于机箱六面体的一个独立面上，外部电源线通过电源滤波器为内部设备供电，盒体内部设备通过信号滤波器、光纤接插件与外部设备进行通信，屏蔽盒体上安装防水屏蔽透气阀。The reduction motor is integrated into the controller chassis and connected to the chassis through fixing screws. The motor shaft extends out of the chassis and is directly connected to the shaft of the transmission component. Screws are set on the chassis for connecting and fixing with the transmission component. The power filter is placed next to the AC\DC power supply and power connector. The controller board is installed on an independent surface of the chassis hexahedron. The external power line supplies power to the internal equipment through the power filter. The internal equipment of the box communicates with the external equipment through the signal filter and the optical fiber connector. The shielding box is installed with a waterproof shielding breathable valve. 8.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，阻抗匹配设计包括：8. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 2, wherein the impedance matching design comprises: 在箱体与盖板搭接面、箱体与电连接器安装面加装导电衬垫，去除导电氧化，减小搭接面阻抗。Conductive gaskets are installed on the overlapping surfaces of the box and the cover plate, and on the mounting surfaces of the box and the electrical connector to remove conductive oxidation and reduce the overlapping surface impedance. 9.根据权利要求2所述的一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法，其特征在于，电磁兼容试验验证包括：9. The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method for an actuator according to claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic compatibility test verification comprises: 通过微波暗室的RE102测试对促动器的电磁兼容正向的设计方法进行验证，当促动器在1～6GHz，RE102测试辐射均低于暗室底噪，试验通过，促动器的电磁兼容正向设计方法验证有效。The electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator is verified through the RE102 test in a microwave darkroom. When the actuator is at 1-6GHz, the RE102 test radiation is lower than the darkroom noise floor. The test passes, and the electromagnetic compatibility forward design method of the actuator is verified to be effective. 10.一种如权利要求1-9任一所述一种促动器电磁兼容正向设计方法在促动器电磁兼容设计中的应用。10. Application of an actuator electromagnetic compatibility forward design method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in actuator electromagnetic compatibility design.
CN202411212651.7A 2024-08-30 2024-08-30 A forward design method for electromagnetic compatibility of actuators and its application Pending CN119167624A (en)

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