CN119165236A - A non-contact voltage and current measuring device and method thereof - Google Patents
A non-contact voltage and current measuring device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN119165236A CN119165236A CN202411593936.XA CN202411593936A CN119165236A CN 119165236 A CN119165236 A CN 119165236A CN 202411593936 A CN202411593936 A CN 202411593936A CN 119165236 A CN119165236 A CN 119165236A
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact voltage and current measuring device and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of no need of direct contact with conductors. The device comprises a shell, a metal induction polar plate of a non-contact alternating current voltage sensor, a metal grounding shielding polar plate, a signal processing unit and a current transformer for non-contact measuring alternating current signals. The signal processing unit is connected with the metal induction polar plate, and the alternating voltage waveform is sensed through the coupling capacitance series voltage division. The signal processing unit uses the alternating voltage waveform and the scaling factor of the capacitor to obtain the voltage to be measured of the conductor. The device reduces the installation time, can determine the voltage to be measured and the current to be measured of the alternating current conductor without interrupting the power supply, and can be used for detecting the fault of equipment or measuring the power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of voltage detection and current detection, in particular to a non-contact voltage and current measurement device and a non-contact voltage and current measurement method.
Background
A prerequisite for safe, stable operation of an electrical power system is accurate measurement of electrical parameters in the electrical power system, voltage and current being critical electrical parameters in the electrical power system.
The voltage and current measurement in the power system is mainly realized through a transformer, the voltage transformer has wide application in the power system, and the accuracy of the voltage transformer has very important roles in electric energy metering, relay protection, power system fault analysis and the like. Electromagnetic voltage transformers are mainly applied to the current power system. The traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer has the problems that the size is large, the insulation difficulty is increased along with the increase of the voltage level, meanwhile, due to the iron core, the defects that the ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage is possibly generated, the dynamic range caused by ferromagnetic saturation is reduced and the like are caused, the traditional measuring device is single in function, high-efficiency integration and intelligent processing are difficult to realize, and the traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer is not suitable for the development trend of the current intelligent power grid. The non-contact voltage and current sensor has the advantages of simple insulation structure, no magnetic saturation, large transient response range, small volume, direct microcomputer equipment output signal and the like, and has a wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a non-contact voltage and current measuring device and a non-contact voltage and current measuring method, so as to solve the problems of single measuring function, limited measuring bandwidth, overlarge installation space and the like of the device.
The proposed non-contact voltage-current measuring device uses non-contact capacitive coupling techniques to measure the voltage signal in the ac conductor, which allows accurate voltage measurement of properly shaped and scaled waveforms, not just peak detection, and does not require physical contact with the wire.
The technical scheme includes that the non-contact voltage and current measuring device comprises an alternating current sensor, an alternating current voltage sensor, a signal processing unit and a shell, wherein the shell is formed by connecting an upper shell and a lower shell through a hinge, the alternating current voltage sensor comprises a metal induction polar plate, a metal grounding shielding polar plate, an upper supporting body and a lower supporting body, the alternating current sensor is a current transformer with a magnetic core and a lower magnetic core, and the upper magnetic core and the lower magnetic core are closed together to form a complete ring around a measuring area.
The metal grounding shielding polar plate is provided with a grounding wire and is used for transmitting other interference electric field signals to the ground when signals are acquired, the metal sensing polar plate and the metal grounding shielding polar plate are made of metal materials with good conductivity, such as copper, silver and the like, and the metal sensing polar plate is provided with a signal transmission wire and is used for transmitting voltage signals sensed by the sensing polar plate to the signal processing unit.
Further, a metal ground shield plate is provided on the inner surface of the housing, forming a faraday cage around the measurement area.
Further, the alternating current sensor, the alternating voltage sensor and the signal processing unit are all arranged in an openable shell, and the shell is made of ABS. The shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, is of an open-close type structure and is connected through a hinge. The hinge connection mode ensures that the shell has good stability in the opening and closing process and is convenient to operate, and the shell is made of ABS material, has good insulativity, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, can effectively protect internal components from the influence of external environment, and simultaneously ensures the accuracy of measurement and the durability of the device.
Further, the induction polar plate of the alternating current voltage sensor is insulated from the grounding shielding polar plate.
Further, the metal induction polar plate is composed of an upper metal induction polar plate and a lower metal induction polar plate, and when the shell is closed, the upper metal induction polar plate and the lower metal induction polar plate are in a connection state. The upper metal induction polar plate and the lower metal induction polar plate are fixed through the upper supporting body and the lower supporting body and form a stable capacitive coupling structure together with the metal grounding shielding polar plate for accurately sensing alternating voltage signals.
Further, the alternating current sensor is a current transformer, an upper magnetic core is supported by an upper supporting body and placed in an upper shell, a lower magnetic core is supported by a lower supporting body and placed in a lower shell, and the upper magnetic core and the lower magnetic core form a complete measuring area together.
Further, the alternating current sensor iron core is made of ferrite or nanocrystalline materials.
Further, the device also comprises a signal processing unit, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a voltage signal acquisition circuit, a current signal acquisition circuit, a power supply circuit, an MCU module and a wireless transmission module.
Further, the voltage signal acquisition circuit and the current signal acquisition circuit are respectively connected with the metal induction polar plate and the coil of the current transformer, and the voltage signal acquisition circuit and the current signal acquisition circuit are also provided with an overvoltage protection circuit and a proportional amplifying circuit and are connected with the MCU module.
Further, the MCU module receives an analog signal from the signal acquisition circuit, and the A/D module in the MCU converts the analog signal into a digital signal and is connected with the wireless transmission module.
Further, the wireless transmission module transmits the digital signal after the A/D conversion to the client.
Further, the power supply circuit is respectively connected with each module for providing working voltage.
The invention further aims to provide a non-contact voltage and current measurement method, which adopts the device, firstly, a wire to be measured passes through a measurement area, then, a voltage signal is sensed through a coupling capacitor formed by a metal induction polar plate and the wire to be measured, and a current signal is measured through a current transformer;
the metal induction polar plate and the wire to be tested form a primary coupling capacitance, and the voltage of the wire to be tested is obtained by the following relation:
Wherein, C 1 is a primary coupling capacitor, C 2 is a secondary coupling capacitor, H(s) is the gain change of the voltage sensor, V o(s) is the output voltage V i(s) of the sensing polar plate is the voltage of a lead to be detected, and R m is a sampling resistor;
The current transformer is of a split type or integrated structure, and according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the large current on the side of a wire to be measured is changed into the small current on the secondary side in proportion, and the small current is measured through a range instrument, and the conversion relation is as follows:
Wherein I 1 is the rated current of the primary coil, I 2 is the rated current of the secondary coil, and K is the turns ratio of the coil.
According to the non-contact voltage and current measurement method provided by the invention, the voltage and current value of the conductor to be measured can be obtained without directly and electrically contacting the conductor to be measured and comparing the conductor with other alternating voltage and current signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the non-contact voltage sensor does not need to be in direct contact with a conductor, uses a non-contact capacitive coupling system and technology to measure voltage signals in an alternating current conductor, allows measurement of properly scaled waveforms, reduces installation time, does not need to interrupt a power supply, can detect harmonics in conductor voltage, and can be used for detecting and predicting equipment faults or performance problems;
2. The combination mode of the sensor is voltage and current integration, and compared with the traditional power transformer, the sensor can measure two electric parameters by one device, and has small occupied space, small volume, light weight and low manufacturing cost;
3. compared with the traditional power transformer, the non-contact voltage and current integrated sensor is simple in insulation structure through a space electric field sensing technology.
Drawings
The invention will be illustrated by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of operation components of a non-contact voltage and current measurement device and a method thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an exploded isometric view of a contactless voltage-current measuring device assembly.
Fig. 3 shows an assembly view of the contactless voltage-current measuring device.
In the figure, 100 is a measurement area, 101 is an upper shell, 102 is an upper hinge, 103 is a positioning hole, 104 is a fixing pin, 105 is a buckle, 106 is a convex hook, 107 is a lower hinge, 108 is an upper support, 109 is a lower support, 110 is an upper magnetic core, 111 is a lower magnetic core, 112 is an upper metal sensing polar plate, 113 is a lower metal sensing polar plate, 114 is a coil supporting frame, 115 is a lower shell, 116 is an electronic circuit, and 117 is a barb.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described herein are illustrative examples and in no way limit the disclosed technology to any particular size, configuration, or application of conductors. Repeated use of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in various implementations," "in certain embodiments," etc., does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Unless the context indicates otherwise, "detect" and "measure" are generally synonymous. For example, detecting an "ac waveform" generally refers to obtaining a continuously varying measurement of ac current. The terms "electrical" and "electrical" are generally synonymous, as are the terms "voltage" and "potential".
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a non-contact voltage and current measurement apparatus and a method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention, which generally includes a measurement area 100, an ac voltage sensor structure 240, an ac current sensor structure 260, an MCU module 230, a wireless communication 270, a power module 280, a ground shield 281, and a housing 150. The ac voltage sensor structure 240 and the ac current sensor structure 260 are electrically connected to the signal processing unit 116, and output a voltage-current signal of the conductor to be measured to the signal processing unit 116. The power module 280 is electrically connected to the ac voltage sensor structure 240 and the ac current sensor structure 260 and the signal processing unit 116 to provide an operating voltage. The signal processing unit 116 performs amplification operation, data transmission, and the like on signals output from the ac voltage sensor 240 and the ac current sensor 260.
The housing 150 provides a measurement area 100 configured to house a conductor to be measured, such as an insulated copper wire or the like.
The non-contact voltage current measuring apparatus further includes a ground shield 281 made of a material having high conductivity, such as a metal copper foil or a copper mesh. In various embodiments, the shield 281 may form a faraday cage around some or all of the components of the non-contact voltage current measurement device, avoiding interference from surrounding electric fields, thereby affecting the measurement results.
The ac voltage sensor structure 240 includes a metallic sense plate 210 that forms a primary coupling capacitance with a conductor in the measurement region 100. The metal sensing plate 210 forms a secondary coupling capacitance with the ground shield 281. The primary coupling capacitor and the secondary coupling capacitor are connected in series, when a potential exists on the wire to be tested, the metal induction polar plate 210 outputs an induction voltage, and the reference voltage of the wire to be tested can be reconstructed through the capacitance voltage division ratio. The ac voltage sensor structure 240 is also provided with a grounding wire (reference potential is ground).
The ac voltage sensor structure 240 is configured with a voltage signal processing circuit 211, the voltage signal processing circuit 211 is further configured with an overvoltage protection circuit, when the voltage on the conductor to be tested is unstable, a higher voltage is instantaneously generated, and at this time, the induced voltage on the metal induction polar plate 210 is also increased in a homeotropic manner, so as to prevent the transient high voltage from damaging the rear end signal processing unit 116, and the overvoltage protection circuit is configured here. In some examples, the overvoltage protection may be comprised of diodes, TVS, MOVs, and the like. The voltage signal processing circuit 211 further includes an operational amplifier circuit. In some examples, mainly voltage followers, proportional amplifying circuits, and the like are included.
The alternating current sensor structure 260 includes a current sensor 220, a current signal processing 221. The current sensor 220 may be a split core current transformer, an integral core current transformer, a rogowski coil, a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR) sensor, a hall effect sensor, or the like. In some examples, the current signal processing 221 may process and time synchronize the current and voltage waveforms to obtain a power factor based on the detected ac current and voltage signals. The ac current sensor arrangement 260 is likewise provided with a grounding wire.
In some embodiments, the contactless voltage-current measurement device includes a power module 280 configured to power electronic circuitry of the contactless voltage-current measurement device. For example, the power module 280 may include an energy storage system, such as a capacitor or a battery, and an external power source, such as a DC voltage source.
The non-contact voltage and current measuring device further comprises a signal processing unit 116, wherein the signal processing unit 116 mainly comprises an MCU module 230 and a wireless communication 270. The MCU module 230 is electrically connected to the wireless communication 270. The MCU module 230 is configured with an a/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 231, and when the voltage signal processing circuit 211 and the circuit signal processing circuit 221 output analog signals, the a/D analog-to-digital conversion circuit 231 can convert the analog signals into digital signals. The wireless communication module 270 transmits the processed data to the client. In some embodiments, MCU module 230 may be any logic processing unit, such as one or more Central Processing Units (CPU), digital Signal Processor (DSP), field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like. The wireless communication module 270 may be bluetooth communication, WIFI communication, 4G communication, etc.
In order to improve the integration level of the device and reduce the volume of the device, the ac voltage sensor structure 240, the ac current sensor structure 260, the MCU module 230, the wireless communication 270, and the power module 280 may be integrated on a unified PCB.
The non-contact voltage current measuring device may also comprise a subset or superset of the above components. Additional components may include, for example, a display screen (e.g., an LCD or OLED display screen), speakers for playing audio signals, feedback devices for tactile output (e.g., vibration), such as temperature sensors, power management systems, and the like. In various embodiments, additional infrastructure and devices may be present.
Fig. 2 illustrates an exploded isometric view of a contactless voltage-current measurement device assembly of one embodiment. The non-contact voltage and current measuring device comprises an upper shell 101, an upper hinge 102, a positioning hole 103, a fixing pin 104, a buckle 105, a boss 106, a lower hinge 107, an upper supporting body 108, a lower supporting body 109, an upper magnetic core 110, a lower magnetic core 111, an upper metal induction polar plate 112, a lower metal induction polar plate 113, a coil supporting frame 114, a lower shell 115, an electronic circuit 116 and a barb 117. Wherein the housing comprises two parts, an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 115, the upper housing 101 comprising an upper hinge part 102 and the lower housing 115 comprising a lower hinge part 107. The upper hinge part 102 and the lower hinge part 107 together form a structure allowing the upper housing 101 and the lower housing 115 to form a hinge connection and maintain the hinge connection, providing an advantageous way to place the conductors to be tested. When the upper housing 101 and the lower housing 115 are closed, the catch 105 on the upper housing 101 engages the boss 106 on the lower housing 115 to secure the non-contact voltage current measuring device around the conductor under test. The illustrated hinge and closure mechanisms are examples, and alternative methods may include any of a variety of mechanisms, such as a detent fit, screw connection, magnetic connection, etc. between the upper housing 101 and the lower housing 115.
The non-contact voltage and current measuring device comprises an upper support 108, a lower support 109, an upper metal sensing plate 112 and a lower metal sensing plate 113. The upper metal sensing plate 112 is embedded inside the upper supporter 108, the lower metal sensing plate 113 is embedded inside the lower supporter 109, and the lower supporter is provided with a signal line placement hole. The upper core 110 is placed at a predetermined position of the upper support 108, placed inside the upper case 101, and fixed by the fixing pin 104. The lower core 111 is placed at a predetermined position of the lower support 109, fixed to the coil support 114 by the barbs 117, and placed inside the lower case 115 to form the measurement region 100.
The non-contact voltage current measuring device includes a Current Transformer (CT) divided into two parts, an upper core 110 in the upper case 101 and a lower core 111 in the lower case 115. The upper core 110 and the lower core 111 together form a complete ring around the measurement area 100. The current transformer material can be ferrite or nanocrystalline magnetic core, etc. In some embodiments, the Current Transformer (CT) is a unitary body, rather than a split core.
The non-contact voltage current measuring device further comprises an electronic circuit 116, which electronic circuit 116 may comprise a voltage signal processing 211, a current signal processing 221, an MCU module 230, a wireless communication 270 and a power module 280, and these functions may all be integrated on a single PCB.
Fig. 3 shows an assembly view of a contactless voltage-current measuring device of an embodiment. The upper housing 101 and the lower housing 115 are closed and the catch 105 on the upper housing 110 engages the boss 106 on the lower housing 115. This shows an elegant way of closing by which a person can simply pull the catch 105 loose it from the boss 106 and open the non-contact voltage current measuring device (not visible by the hinge) to place it on or remove it from the conductor to be measured.
The non-contact voltage and current measurement method adopts the device, firstly, a wire to be measured passes through a measurement area, then, a coupling capacitor formed by a metal induction polar plate and the wire to be measured senses a voltage signal, and simultaneously, a current transformer measures a current signal;
the metal induction polar plate and the wire to be tested form a primary coupling capacitance, and the voltage of the wire to be tested is obtained by the following relation:
Wherein, C 1 is a primary coupling capacitor, C 2 is a secondary coupling capacitor, H(s) is the gain change of the voltage sensor, V o(s) is the output voltage V i(s) of the sensing polar plate is the voltage of a lead to be detected, and R m is a sampling resistor;
The current transformer is of a split type or integrated structure, and according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the large current on the side of a wire to be measured is changed into the small current on the secondary side in proportion, and the small current is measured through a range instrument, and the conversion relation is as follows:
Wherein I 1 is the rated current of the primary coil, I 2 is the rated current of the secondary coil, and K is the turns ratio of the coil.
The non-contact voltage and current measuring method can obtain the voltage and current value of the conductor to be measured without direct electrical contact with the conductor to be measured and comparison with other alternating voltage and current signals.
The basic principles of the present application have been described above in connection with specific embodiments, but it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and not intended to be limiting, and these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are not to be construed as necessarily possessed by the various embodiments of the application.
It should also be noted that in the apparatus and method of the present application, the components may be disassembled or assembled. These decompositions or recombinations should be regarded as equivalents of the present application.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A non-contact voltage and current measuring device is characterized by comprising an alternating current sensor, an alternating current voltage sensor, a signal processing unit and a shell, wherein the shell is formed by connecting an upper shell and a lower shell through a hinge, the alternating current voltage sensor comprises a metal induction polar plate, a metal grounding shielding polar plate, an upper supporting body and a lower supporting body, the alternating current sensor is a current transformer with a magnetic core and a lower magnetic core, and the upper magnetic core and the lower magnetic core are closed together to form a complete ring surrounding a measuring area.
2. The non-contact voltage and current measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the metal grounding shielding polar plate is provided with a grounding wire and is used for transmitting other interference electric field signals to the ground when signals are collected, the metal sensing polar plate and the metal grounding shielding polar plate are made of metal materials with good conductivity, the metal sensing polar plate is provided with a signal transmission wire and is used for transmitting voltage signals sensed by the sensing polar plate to the signal processing unit, the metal grounding shielding polar plate is arranged on the inner surface of the shell, and a Faraday cage is formed around a measuring area.
3. The non-contact voltage and current measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the alternating current sensor, the alternating current voltage sensor and the signal processing unit are all arranged in a shell, the shell is made of ABS, and an induction polar plate of the alternating current voltage sensor is insulated from a grounding shielding polar plate.
4. The non-contact voltage and current measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the metal sensing electrode plate is composed of an upper metal sensing electrode plate and a lower metal sensing electrode plate, the upper metal sensing electrode plate and the lower metal sensing electrode plate are in a connection state when the shell is closed, and the upper metal sensing electrode plate and the lower metal sensing electrode plate are fixed through an upper support body and a lower support body and form a stable capacitive coupling structure together with a metal grounding shielding electrode plate for accurately sensing alternating voltage signals.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the AC current sensor is a current transformer, the upper core is supported by the upper support and disposed in the upper housing, the lower core is supported by the lower support and disposed in the lower housing, the upper parts together form a complete measuring region, and the AC current sensor core is ferrite or nanocrystalline material.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a voltage signal acquisition circuit, a current signal acquisition circuit, a power supply circuit, an MCU module and a wireless transmission module.
7. The non-contact voltage and current measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage signal acquisition circuit and the current signal acquisition circuit are respectively connected with coils of the metal induction polar plate and the current transformer, the voltage signal acquisition circuit and the current signal acquisition circuit are further provided with an overvoltage protection circuit and a proportional amplifying circuit and are connected with an MCU module, the MCU module receives analog signals from the signal acquisition circuit, an A/D module in the MCU module converts the analog signals into digital signals and is connected with a wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module sends the digital signals after the A/D conversion to a client, and the power circuit is respectively connected with each module and is used for providing working voltage.
8. A non-contact voltage and current measurement method adopts the device of any one of the claims 1-7, and is characterized by comprising the following operations of firstly enabling a wire to be measured to pass through a measurement area, then sensing a voltage signal through a coupling capacitor formed by a metal induction polar plate and the wire to be measured, and simultaneously measuring a current signal through a current transformer;
the metal induction polar plate and the wire to be tested form a primary coupling capacitance, and the voltage of the wire to be tested is obtained by the following relation:
Wherein, C 1 is a primary coupling capacitor, C 2 is a secondary coupling capacitor, H(s) is the gain change of the voltage sensor, V o(s) is the output voltage V i(s) of the sensing polar plate is the voltage of a lead to be detected, and R m is a sampling resistor;
The current transformer is of a split type or integrated structure, and according to the electromagnetic induction principle, the large current on the side of a wire to be measured is changed into the small current on the secondary side in proportion, and the small current is measured through a range instrument, and the conversion relation is as follows:
Wherein I 1 is the rated current of the primary coil, I 2 is the rated current of the secondary coil, and K is the turns ratio of the coil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411593936.XA CN119165236A (en) | 2024-11-08 | 2024-11-08 | A non-contact voltage and current measuring device and method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411593936.XA CN119165236A (en) | 2024-11-08 | 2024-11-08 | A non-contact voltage and current measuring device and method thereof |
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| CN119165236A true CN119165236A (en) | 2024-12-20 |
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| CN202411593936.XA Pending CN119165236A (en) | 2024-11-08 | 2024-11-08 | A non-contact voltage and current measuring device and method thereof |
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