CN119147898A - Quantum magnetic field-based three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system - Google Patents
Quantum magnetic field-based three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN119147898A CN119147898A CN202411598963.6A CN202411598963A CN119147898A CN 119147898 A CN119147898 A CN 119147898A CN 202411598963 A CN202411598963 A CN 202411598963A CN 119147898 A CN119147898 A CN 119147898A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system based on a quantum magnetic field, and relates to the field of joint fault positioning. The existing common cable joint fault positioning method has the problems of low detection efficiency, easiness in environmental interference, manual field positioning and time hysteresis. The method comprises the following steps of respectively placing three quantum magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end of a cable intermediate joint, respectively rotating two groups of quantum magnetic sensors around the cable, searching a magnetic field maximum point, fixing the magnetic field maximum point on the cable at the position, acquiring and comparing data of the quantum magnetic sensors, if the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors are the same, judging that the cable intermediate joint is suspected to be faulty, pairing the quantum magnetic sensors, and if the quantum magnetic sensors with single fall exist, judging that the intermediate joint is faulty. The technical scheme has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, strong environmental adaptability and capability of alarming in real time, and can effectively improve the safety and stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of joint fault positioning, in particular to a three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method based on a quantum magnetic field.
Background
In the fields of modern power, communication and the like, the three-core cable is widely applied to power transmission and signal transmission. However, as the time of use increases, a fault may occur at the intermediate connector of the cable, resulting in interruption of the transmission of power or signals. The fault of the middle joint not only can influence the normal operation of equipment, but also can bring potential safety hazard, so that the fault of the middle joint of the cable is accurately positioned and timely processed, and the fault is important for improving the safety and stability of the system.
At present, a commonly used cable joint fault positioning method is acoustic detection. The working principle is that the acoustic equipment is utilized to detect the cable from beginning to end, and abnormal discharge sound can be monitored at a fault point. Although the acoustic detection can accurately locate the fault, the detection efficiency is low, the detection is influenced by external environment factors, and a person is required to go to the site to use an instrument to locate the fault point, so that the detection has certain time lag. Therefore, a cable fault judging and detecting method which has high efficiency and low environmental influence factors and can give an alarm in real time is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide the technical task of perfecting and improving the prior art scheme, and provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method and system based on a quantum magnetic field so as to realize the fault detection purposes of high efficiency, low environmental influence and real-time alarm. For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault positioning method based on a quantum magnetic field, which comprises the following steps:
1) Three quantum magnetic sensors are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the cable intermediate joint to form a left group of quantum magnetic sensors and a right group of quantum magnetic sensors, and each group of quantum magnetic sensors are uniformly arranged on the same radial cross section of the cable;
2) The two groups of quantum magnetic sensors respectively rotate around the cable, a magnetic field maximum point is found, and the quantum magnetic sensors are fixed on the cable at the position after the magnetic field maximum point is found;
3) Acquiring data of a quantum magnetic sensor;
4) Comparing the acquired data, and if the difference value of the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a set threshold value, considering that the cable intermediate joint is in a normal state;
5) The two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are paired left and right according to the measured data, if the difference value of the measured data of the two quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a threshold value, the pairing is considered to be successful, the rest quantum magnetic sensors are paired, if the single quantum magnetic sensor exists, the middle joint is judged to be faulty, and if the single quantum magnetic sensor does not exist, the cable middle joint is considered to be faulty.
The technical scheme improves the efficiency of fault detection of the cable intermediate connector at present on the basis of not increasing the complexity and the implementation cost of excessive devices, has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, strong environmental adaptability and capability of alarming in real time, overcomes the limitation of the traditional detection method, provides a new technical means for cable maintenance in the power and communication industries, and can effectively improve the safety and stability of the system. Specific:
The quantum magnetic sensor is used for accurately measuring the magnetic field change at the middle joint of the cable, so that the micro fault of the cable joint can be detected with high precision. Compared with the traditional electrical detection method, the quantum magnetic sensor has higher sensitivity, and can realize accurate fault location under the condition of not damaging the cable.
The method can rapidly detect the abnormality when the cable connector fails, and judges whether the cable connector fails in real time by comparing the measurement data of a plurality of sensors, so as to provide an instant alarm function, avoid the hysteresis quality which is often existed in the traditional method, and promote the response speed and the repair efficiency.
The traditional acoustic detection method is easy to be interfered by factors such as environmental noise, temperature change and the like, and the quantum magnetic sensor is not dependent on transmission of sound waves or electric signals, so that the influence of the environmental factors on detection results is reduced, and the reliability of fault positioning is improved.
Remote monitoring and automatic judgment can be realized through a preset quantum magnetic sensor network and an automatic data processing method, so that the complicated and high cost of manual on-site operation required by the traditional acoustic detection method is avoided, and the manpower investment and the operation complexity are reduced.
The quantum magnetic sensors are uniformly arranged at two ends of the cable and rotate, the positions of the quantum magnetic sensors are adjusted, the maximum value of the magnetic field is found, and the magnetic field measurement error caused by improper sensor positions is avoided. The maximum point usually corresponds to the area where the magnetic field changes most significantly, which means that the magnetic field changes most significantly at the fault location, so that the measurement result can provide higher positioning accuracy, which is helpful for improving the sensitivity and reliability of cable fault detection and avoiding misjudgment or omission caused by uneven magnetic field distribution.
The quantum magnetic sensor is based on the Zeeman effect.
The quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect has extremely high sensitivity and can accurately measure tiny magnetic field changes. The zeeman effect utilizes the splitting characteristic of atomic energy levels to obtain extremely high magnetic field resolution through quantum interference effect, which enables the quantum magnetic sensor to accurately sense small changes in a low-intensity magnetic field. For weak magnetic field changes generated by fault points such as cable joints, the sensor based on the Zeeman effect can accurately capture and position fault positions.
Quantum magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect can provide lower noise levels and higher signal-to-noise ratios. Conventional magnetic sensors may be subject to external environmental noise (e.g., electromagnetic interference, temperature fluctuations, etc.), resulting in measurement errors. The quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect has strong noise suppression capability, can effectively reduce the interference of external environment factors on detection results, and improves the accuracy and stability of fault positioning.
The zeeman effect gives quantum magnetic sensors a significant advantage in spatial resolution. The quantum magnetic sensor can detect the change of the magnetic field on a very fine scale, and thus can accurately locate in a tiny area of cable intermediate joint failure.
The quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect has stronger anti-interference capability on external electromagnetic field interference. The traditional magnetic field sensor is easily affected by surrounding strong electric field, magnetic field and other interference sources, and the quantum magnetic sensor can effectively screen signals through quantum characteristics, so that the purity and reliability of a measurement result are ensured. In complex environments, such as the vicinity of high voltage, high current cables, quantum magnetic sensors can better identify and measure small magnetic field changes, avoiding false detection and missed detection.
The quantum magnetic sensor can measure the magnetic field change of the cable surface in a non-contact manner, and when the cable fault is positioned, the quantum magnetic sensor does not need to be in direct contact with the internal structure of the cable, so that measurement errors caused by poor contact or damage to the cable in the traditional method can be avoided. The non-contact detection mode also reduces the damage to the cable, so that the detection process is safer and more efficient.
Quantum magnetic sensors do not rely on traditional electrically conductive signals, and are suitable for applications under extreme environmental conditions, such as high temperature, strong electric fields, places with large humidity changes. Conventional electrical detection methods may not work stably in these environments, while quantum magnetic sensors based on the zeeman effect can ensure stable and accurate fault localization in these harsh environments.
Because the quantum magnetic sensor can rapidly respond to the change of the magnetic field, the technical scheme can realize real-time fault detection and positioning. Compared with the traditional method, the quantum magnetic sensor based on the Zeeman effect can detect the magnetic field change of the cable joint fault in a short time, provide instant alarm, contribute to improving the efficiency of cable fault detection and reduce the downtime and maintenance cost.
The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable through an annular clamping shell.
The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable through the annular clamping shell, so that the simple and convenient installation can be realized. The annular design enables the magnetic sensor to be fast and firmly fixed on the surface of the cable, reduces the workload during installation and maintenance, reduces the maintenance cost and improves the working efficiency.
The quantum magnetic sensor is arranged on the surface of the cable through the clamping shell, belongs to a non-contact detection mode, and reduces physical damage to the cable. Particularly in high voltage cables or important power communication lines, non-invasive detection methods ensure the integrity of the cable while also avoiding damage or failure of the cable due to improper operation.
The annular cartridge design allows the quantum magnetic sensor to be freely position-adjusted along the cable surface. This design flexibility allows for accurate placement and adjustment of the sensor at different locations of the cable as needed to obtain optimal magnetic field detection. The sensor can accurately select a proper fixed position according to different requirements of the cable fault position so as to accurately detect the magnetic field change.
Through the annular cassette design of fixing at the cable surface, the quantum magnetic sensor can detect the magnetic field change more steadily. The sensor is stably fixed in the clamping shell, and false measurement caused by external interference (such as vibration, external force and the like) can be effectively prevented. The annular clamping shell provides physical protection, so that the magnetic sensor is more firmly installed, and the stability of the working state of the magnetic sensor can be better maintained, thereby improving the reliability of a measuring result.
The annular clamping shell not only provides a fixed position for the magnetic sensor, but also plays a role in protecting the magnetic sensor. Cables are often in complex operating environments and may be subject to mechanical shock, friction, temperature changes, and the like. Through the protection of the clamping shell, the quantum magnetic sensor can be prevented from being physically damaged by the external factors, so that the service life of the quantum magnetic sensor is prolonged, and the long-term stable working performance is maintained.
The annular clamping shell can be customized according to cables with different diameters and shapes, and is suitable for different types of cable structures. Whether high voltage cable, communication cable or other special purpose cable, the quantum magnetic sensor can be effectively fixed on the surface of the cable by adjusting the design of the clamping shell. This flexibility makes the present solution widely applicable for cable fault detection in various power and communication systems.
The method is characterized in that after the data of the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are obtained in the step 3), the data are processed, and magnetic field signals with the magnetic field signal frequency being out of 50Hz are filtered.
The power system and its surroundings typically generate electromagnetic waves of various frequencies, including 50Hz power frequency signals and electromagnetic interference from other devices of higher frequencies. By filtering out magnetic field signals other than 50Hz, noise interference from the external environment, such as signals of frequencies other than 50Hz generated by device operation, radio interference, other electrical facilities, etc., can be effectively eliminated. Therefore, the quantum magnetic sensor only focuses on the magnetic field change related to the cable fault, and eliminates irrelevant magnetic field signals in the environment, thereby ensuring the accurate detection of the system.
In power transmission systems, 50Hz is the operating frequency of the alternating current, and therefore magnetic field variations and cable faults associated with the power system typically occur in this frequency range as well. By retaining the magnetic field signal at the frequency of 50Hz and filtering interference signals at other frequencies, signals directly related to cable faults can be better captured. The system can accurately judge the magnetic field change related to the operation of the power system, and avoid the influence of signals with other frequencies on data, thereby improving the accuracy of fault positioning.
The fault location of the power system generally requires a quick response, and particularly requires a timely alarm when a cable fails. By filtering out irrelevant frequency signals, the system can quickly focus on the change of the fault-related magnetic field, thereby improving the real-time performance of fault detection and reducing response time.
By filtering out magnetic field signals beyond 50Hz, the technical scheme can effectively eliminate the interference of external environmental factors and concentrate on effective signals in the power system, thereby greatly improving the accuracy, stability and robustness of the detection system. The method can simplify data processing, reduce the possibility of false alarm and missing alarm, enhance the capability of real-time fault positioning and adapt to the cable fault detection requirements under different environments.
As the preferable technical means, the distance between the left and right sets of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.
Increasing the inter-sensor distance helps to improve the spatial resolution of the magnetic field variations. When a cable intermediate joint fails, the change of the magnetic field is local, and the magnetic field gradient at the failure position can be better captured by increasing the distance between the sensors. When the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors are far away, the mutual interference is less, the magnetic field change measured by each group of sensors is more independent and accurate, and the risk of mutual influence or repeated measurement caused by too close positions of the sensors is reduced.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on a quantum magnetic field, comprising:
The quantum magnetic sensor modules are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cable, and each end is provided with at least three quantum magnetic sensors which are respectively used for measuring the magnetic field intensity of the cable;
The data acquisition and processing module is connected with the quantum magnetic sensor module, receives and processes data from the quantum magnetic sensor, and performs data comparison, filtering and fault detection;
the magnetic field detection module is connected with the data acquisition and processing module and is used for detecting the intensity change of the magnetic field and determining the maximum value point of the magnetic field;
The judging module is connected with the data acquisition and processing module, judges whether the cable intermediate joint fails or not based on the data comparison result and the set threshold value, and comprises the following submodules:
the comparison sub-module is used for comparing data difference values according to the obtained data of the six quantum magnetic sensors;
The primary judging submodule judges that the cable intermediate joint is normal if the data difference value measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a set threshold value;
The final judging submodule is connected with the initial judging submodule, performs left-right pairing check on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors after the initial judging submodule considers that the cable middle joint is suspected to be faulty, and if the data difference value measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a threshold value, the pairing is considered to be successful, and then the rest quantum magnetic sensors are paired;
The display and alarm module is connected with the judging module and used for displaying a fault detection result and giving an alarm when the judging module detects a fault of the cable intermediate connector.
The three quantum magnetic sensors at each end are respectively positioned near the three core wires of the cable, and the magnetic field change of each core wire is respectively monitored, so that the system can independently detect and distinguish the state of each core wire in the three-core cable, and the signal aliasing problem possibly existing in the traditional cable fault detection method is avoided. Compared with complex redundant sensor configuration or complex sensor position adjustment, the technical scheme directly measures the magnetic field for each core wire of the cable, reduces the complexity of the system, and ensures the precision of fault positioning.
The data acquisition and processing module is used for rapidly receiving data from the six quantum magnetic sensors, and rapidly judging whether the cable has faults or not in real-time monitoring by comparing the difference value with a set threshold value. If the magnetic field data exceeds a preset threshold value, the system immediately gives out a fault alarm and displays the fault position, so that the time for troubleshooting is effectively shortened, and equipment damage or shutdown caused by delay is avoided. The preliminary judgment sub-module performs preliminary judgment on the data difference values of the six sensors, and determines a suspected fault condition when the difference values are larger than a set threshold value. And then, the final judging submodule further ensures the accuracy of fault diagnosis results through the pairing check between the quantum magnetic sensors, and false alarm or missing report is avoided. The multi-layer judging structure ensures high-precision fault positioning.
The display and alarm module timely displays the detection result after fault detection and triggers an alarm when confirming the fault. The alarm mechanism is helpful for maintenance personnel to take measures rapidly, and further expansion of faults or delayed repair are avoided.
The visual display of the fault positioning information enables the system operation to be more visual, improves the response speed of maintenance personnel, can directly know the specific position of the fault, and reduces the error of manual judgment.
The quantum magnetic sensor is based on the Zeeman effect.
The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable through an annular clamping shell.
As the preferable technical means, the distance between the left and right sets of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The system has high efficiency, the fault of the cable intermediate connector can be rapidly and accurately positioned only by reading the numerical value of the magnetic sensor and comparing the numerical value with the data without manual inspection along the cable path. The process reduces the time of manual operation and inspection and improves the efficiency of cable fault detection.
2. The influence of environmental factors is small, the quantum magnetic sensor can effectively filter electromagnetic interference of an external environment, particularly a 50Hz power grid frequency signal, and the influence of the environmental factors on a fault detection result can be eliminated by the system through filtering of a non-50 Hz frequency signal, so that the accuracy and reliability of fault positioning are ensured.
3. The real-time performance is strong, the system can quickly process the sensor data after receiving the sensor data, and the fault state is judged by setting a threshold value, so that real-time alarm and positioning are realized. The system can respond in time at the initial stage of cable faults, and loss caused by faults and system outage time are reduced.
3. The quantum magnetic field sensor has the advantages of consistency and high-precision magnetic field measurement capability based on quantum effect without sensor calibration. The plurality of sensors have good measurement consistency, so that no extra calibration is needed. The system is simplified in installation and maintenance, and potential problems caused by calibration errors are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of a quantum magnetic field sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fault locating process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the magnetic field patterns of the cable intermediate connector and cable of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the magnetic field distribution of the cable of the present invention during normal operation;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the cable magnetic field profile at the time of a cable intermediate joint failure of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a clamping shell, and 2 is a quantum magnetic sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Embodiment one:
The embodiment provides a fault positioning method for a three-core cable intermediate joint based on a quantum magnetic field, which is shown in fig. 2 and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively placing three quantum magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end of a cable intermediate joint to form a left group of quantum magnetic sensors and a right group of quantum magnetic sensors, wherein each group of quantum magnetic sensors are uniformly arranged on the same radial cross section of a cable;
S2, respectively rotating the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors around the cable, searching a magnetic field maximum point, and fixing the quantum magnetic sensors on the cable at the position after the magnetic field maximum point is found;
s3, acquiring data of a quantum magnetic sensor;
s4, comparing the acquired data, and if the difference value of the data measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a set threshold value, considering that the cable intermediate joint is in a normal state;
And S5, performing left-right pairing on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors according to the measured data, if the difference value of the measured data of the two quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a threshold value, judging that the pairing is successful, then performing pairing on the rest quantum magnetic sensors, if the single quantum magnetic sensor exists, judging that the middle joint of the place fails, and if the single quantum magnetic sensor does not exist, judging that the middle joint of the cable does not fail.
In the present embodiment, the distance between the left and right sets of the quantum magnetic sensors is greater than 1 meter, because:
As shown in fig. 3, the external magnetic field distribution pattern of the intermediate joint and the cables at both ends can be obtained, and the magnetic field within one meter near the intermediate joint is affected by the intermediate joint, so that the magnetic field distribution does not coincide with the magnetic field distribution of the cables, and therefore, it is necessary to place the magnetic sensors at positions other than 1 meter at both the left and right ends of the intermediate joint.
According to the method, the quantum magnetic sensor is used for measuring the magnetic field of the maximum magnetic field value point corresponding to the left end and the right end of the cable, and the fault location of the middle joint is realized by comparing the measured values of the quantum magnetic sensors with the 6 maximum magnetic field values.
The working mechanism of the method is that three quantum magnetic sensors are respectively placed at the left end and the right end which are more than 1 meter away from the middle joint of the cable, three magnetic field maximum points are obtained by rotating the quantum magnetic sensors around the left side of the cable for one circle, three maximum points are obtained by the right side according to the operation, the left end is marked as A1, B1 and C1, the right end is marked as A2, B2 and C2, and the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are named. When the cable works normally, the values measured by the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are equal. When the cable intermediate head breaks down, the numerical value measured by the 6 quantum magnetic sensors can change, and preliminary fault judgment can be carried out on the intermediate head at the moment. And comparing the magnetic sensors corresponding to the left end and the right end of the cable, such as A1 and A2, A1 and B2, A1 and C2, and B1 and C1, according to the method, and judging that the middle joint at the position has faults when the measured values of the left quantum magnetic sensor and the right quantum magnetic sensor are inconsistent and the values of the other 4 quantum magnetic sensors are two equal after the comparison is finished.
The following is a further description of cable intermediate joint fault location with specific data:
1. position calibration of the quantum magnetic sensor:
When the cable works normally, the values of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors A1, B1, C1, A2, B2 and C2 are the same, and the magnetic field signal phase maxima of the three-phase current are different by 120 degrees due to the symmetry of the three-core cable structure. Therefore, when the position of the quantum magnetic sensor is calibrated, the position of the 3 quantum magnetic sensors can be calibrated only by placing the magnetic sensors on an annular clamping shell with a trisection structure and rotating the annular clamping shell around a cable to a magnetic field maximum value, according to the method, specific positions are well determined except for 1 meter at the left end and the right end of a cable intermediate joint, and according to the position calibration method, the positions of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are calibrated respectively at the left side of A1, B1 and C2 and the right side of A2, B2 and C2. It is assumed that the values of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are all 10 in normal cases, i.e., a1=b1=c1=a2=b2=c2=10.
2. Fault location:
When the middle joint fails and a certain phase current changes, the numerical values of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are changed. At this time, the intermediate joint at the position is primarily judged to be faulty. And sequentially comparing the values of the 2 quantum magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end, and judging that the middle joint at the position has faults when the values of the 2 magnetic sensors are unequal and the values of the other 4 quantum magnetic sensors are equal. The numerical value change of the quantum magnetic sensor is two cases, namely, after the middle joint of a certain part of the cable fails, the numerical values of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are A1=8.6, B1=11.3, C1=12.7, A2=11.3, B2=12.7 and C2=9.4, the middle joint is primarily judged to fail, and then the middle joint of the part can be judged to fail according to the fact that the numerical values of the left quantum magnetic sensor and the right quantum magnetic sensor are unequal, the numerical values of the B1=A2=11.3, the C1=B2=12.7 and the left quantum magnetic sensor and the right quantum magnetic sensor are equal. In the case (2), after the middle joint of a certain part of the cable fails, the values of the 6 quantum magnetic sensors are a1=8.6, b1=11.3, c1=12.7, a2=11.3, b2=12.7 and c2=8.6, the middle joint is primarily judged to be likely to fail, and then the middle joint of the part is judged to have no failure according to a1=c2=8.6, b1=a2=11.3 and c1=b2=12.7, wherein the two quantum magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end are equal to each other.
The quantum magnetic sensor may be fixed to the cable in various ways, such as annular clamping shell fixation, magnetic fixation, clamp fixation, adhesive fixation, lashing fixation, sleeve fixation, screw fixation, etc. Different fastening means are suitable for different installation requirements, environmental conditions and sensor types. Such as
1. Magnetic fixing mode
The principle is that a powerful magnet is used for fixing a quantum magnetic sensor on the surface of a cable, and the sensor is fixed in a magnetic field adsorption mode.
The advantages are that:
the method is suitable for non-invasive detection without drilling or damaging cables.
The installation process is simple and convenient, the sensor can be fast fixed, and the sensor is suitable for temporary or dynamic detection.
The position of the sensor can be moved or adjusted conveniently.
The method is suitable for scenes needing rapid deployment, temporary or periodic detection, especially in experiments or examinations.
2. Clamp fixing
The principle is that a quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of a cable by using a clamp (such as a clamping clamp, a pressing clamp and the like). The clamp can be made of plastic or metal, and can firmly install the sensor through mechanical clamping force.
The advantages are that:
The fixing is reliable, and can bear larger mechanical vibration or external force.
Is suitable for long-time monitoring requirements.
The installation is dismantled conveniently, can quick replacement or rearrange the sensor.
The cable monitoring device is suitable for fixed monitoring and long-term installation, and particularly suitable for occasions where continuous monitoring of cables is required.
3. Adhesive fixation
The principle is that a quantum magnetic sensor is directly adhered to the surface of a cable by using a high-strength adhesive (such as epoxy resin, double-sided tape, strong glue, and the like).
The advantages are that:
no additional mechanical device is needed, and a concise fixing mode can be realized.
The cable surface can be provided with a larger contact area, and the fixing stability is improved.
The method is suitable for the conditions of high-precision positioning and difficult adjustment.
Disadvantages:
the requirement for the contact surface of the cable and the sensor may affect long-term disassembly and maintenance.
Some adhesives may be affected by environmental factors (e.g., temperature, humidity) resulting in reduced adhesion.
The sensor is suitable for occasions which are stably installed for a long time and do not need frequent replacement of the sensor, such as being fixed on equipment or in an industrial environment.
4. Binding and fixing
The principle is that the quantum magnetic sensor is bound on the surface of the cable through a binding belt (such as a nylon binding belt or a rubber belt).
The advantages are that:
Simple and economical installation and wide application range.
The tightness degree of binding can be adjusted according to the requirement, so that the stability of the position of the sensor is ensured.
Disadvantages:
Compared with other fixing modes, the fixing device may lack higher fixing force and is easy to displace under the action of external force.
The cable is suitable for the environment which has a flat cable surface and is not easy to be interfered by large external force, and is generally used for the application occasions which are temporarily or do not need to be stably installed for a long time.
5. Sleeve type fixing
The principle is that the quantum magnetic sensor is placed in a protective shell similar to a sleeve, and the sleeve is directly sleeved into the outer structure of the cable for fixing. This combines mechanical clamping with protection of the outer housing.
The advantages are that:
additional physical protection is provided while ensuring stability of the sensor position.
The sensor is suitable for application in high-temperature and high-pressure environments and is protected from the influence of external environments.
The method is suitable for scenes with high protection requirements on the sensor, especially in severe working environments.
6. Screw thread fixing
The principle is that a threaded hole is preset on the outer surface of the cable or a threaded fixing device is used, and the quantum magnetic sensor is fastened on the surface of the cable through a screw.
The advantages are that:
the fixing force is strong, higher stability can be provided, and the fixing device is suitable for long-time use.
The sensor is suitable for fixing the cable surface with enough space, and can be ensured not to be interfered by vibration or external force.
Disadvantages:
certain treatments of the cable are required and may involve damaging the outer surface of the cable.
The cable is suitable for long-term monitoring or under the condition that the cable is firm and not easy to damage.
7. Magnetic adsorption and clamp combination mode
The principle is that the quantum magnetic sensor is adsorbed on the surface of the cable through a magnet and is fixed through the clamp in a reinforcing way by combining two modes of magnetic fixation and mechanical clamp.
The advantages are that:
The convenience of magnetic force adsorption and the stability of the clamp are provided, and the sensor is ensured to be fixed more firmly.
The installation and the disassembly are more flexible, and the device is suitable for applications which need to be moved temporarily or regularly.
The sensor is suitable for occasions needing to frequently adjust the position of the sensor or detect on different cables.
8. Sucker fixing mode
The principle is that the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable by utilizing the vacuum principle of the sucker. This approach is common in smooth surface applications.
The advantages are that:
easy to install and does not require any tools or damage the cable surface.
The cable is suitable for temporary installation, especially for occasions requiring multiple detection on the cable.
Disadvantages:
A surface with higher requirements on the cable surface and lower smoothness may not be suitable.
The method is suitable for short-term or temporary installation and use, especially in experimental or debugging environments.
In the embodiment, the quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the cable by adopting an annular clamping shell mode, and as shown in fig. 1, the annular clamping shell 1 is provided with a trisection structure, and the quantum magnetic sensor 2 is placed at each trisection point.
The circumference of the annular cartridge employed in this example was 942mm and was trisected at 314mm intervals. The quantum magnetic sensor is placed at a certain point outside 1 meter of the cable, and the first maximum point of the cable at the position is 130mm of the circumference of the annular clamping shell by using the quantum magnetic sensor to rotate around the cable, so that the other two maximum points are 444mm and 758mm according to interval calculation. Similarly, the first maximum point on the right side is measured at 74mm of the circumference of the annular cartridge, so that the other two maximum points are calculated at 388mm and 702mm according to the interval. When the magnetic field simulation software is used for obtaining the normal operation of the cable, the values at the six magnetic sensors are A1= 2.08595E-7, B1= 2.09761E-7, C1= 2.00005E-7, A2= 2.01248E-7, B2= 2.0831E-7 and C2= 2.04884E-7. And then, fault processing is carried out on the middle joint of the cable by using simulation software, and when the middle joint of the cable is in fault, the magnetic field values at the 6 magnetic sensors are A1= 3.84555E-7, B1= 1.83567E-7, C1= 5.00875E-7, A2= 5.01744E-7, B2= 3.72717E-7 and C2= 2.01715E-7. And analyzing the two groups of data obtained by the magnetic field simulation. When the first group of data obtains that the cable works normally, the values of the 6 magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end of the cable are consistent. And analyzing the second group of data, wherein when the middle joint of the cable fails, the numerical values of the six magnetic sensors are changed, and according to the change of the data, the A1 and the B2, the C1 and the A2 at the left end and the right end of the middle joint of the cable can be obtained, the numerical values of the two magnetic sensors are equal to each other, and B1= 1.83567E-7 and C2= 2.01715E-7 are the magnetic sensors at the left end and the right end of the cable, and the numerical values of the two magnetic sensors are unequal.
The simulation result shows that the fault location of the three-core cable intermediate connector can be realized by the method.
The inner diameter of the annular clamping shell 1 cannot be matched with the outer diameters of all cables, so that measurement errors can be generated due to eccentricity, different inner diameters of the annular clamping shell 1 are required to be customized according to different outer diameters of the cables, so that the influence caused by the eccentricity is eliminated, 2, the influence of deflection angles is shown by figures 4 and 5, the magnetic field change is very large after the cables are in failure, the deflection angle error is very small after the inner diameter of the annular clamping shell 1 is suitable for the outer diameters of the cables, and the deflection angle error can be ignored.
Embodiment two:
The embodiment provides a three-core cable intermediate joint fault location system based on quantum magnetic field, which comprises:
The quantum magnetic sensor modules are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cable, and each end is provided with at least three quantum magnetic sensors which are respectively used for measuring the magnetic field intensity of the cable;
The data acquisition and processing module is connected with the quantum magnetic sensor module, receives and processes data from the quantum magnetic sensor, and performs data comparison, filtering and fault detection;
the magnetic field detection module is connected with the data acquisition and processing module and is used for detecting the intensity change of the magnetic field and determining the maximum value point of the magnetic field;
The judging module is connected with the data acquisition and processing module, judges whether the cable intermediate joint fails or not based on the data comparison result and the set threshold value, and comprises the following submodules:
the comparison sub-module is used for comparing data difference values according to the obtained data of the six quantum magnetic sensors;
The primary judging submodule judges that the cable intermediate joint is normal if the data difference value measured by the six quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a set threshold value;
The final judging submodule is connected with the initial judging submodule, performs left-right pairing check on the two groups of quantum magnetic sensors after the initial judging submodule considers that the cable middle joint is suspected to be faulty, and if the data difference value measured by the two quantum magnetic sensors is smaller than a threshold value, the pairing is considered to be successful, and then the rest quantum magnetic sensors are paired;
The display and alarm module is connected with the judging module and used for displaying a fault detection result and giving an alarm when the judging module detects a fault of the cable intermediate connector.
In the embodiment, the three quantum magnetic sensors at each end are respectively positioned near the three core wires of the cable, and the magnetic field change of each core wire is respectively monitored, so that the system can independently detect and distinguish the state of each core wire in the three-core cable, and the signal aliasing problem possibly existing in the traditional cable fault detection method is avoided. Compared with complex redundant sensor configuration or complex sensor position adjustment, the technical scheme directly measures the magnetic field for each core wire of the cable, reduces the complexity of the system, and ensures the precision of fault positioning.
The data acquisition and processing module is used for rapidly receiving data from the six quantum magnetic sensors, and rapidly judging whether the cable has faults or not in real-time monitoring by comparing the difference value with a set threshold value. If the magnetic field data exceeds a preset threshold value, the system immediately gives out a fault alarm and displays the fault position, so that the time for troubleshooting is effectively shortened, and equipment damage or shutdown caused by delay is avoided. The preliminary judgment sub-module performs preliminary judgment on the data difference values of the six sensors, and determines a suspected fault condition when the difference values are larger than a set threshold value. And then, the final judging submodule further ensures the accuracy of fault diagnosis results through the pairing check between the quantum magnetic sensors, and false alarm or missing report is avoided. The multi-layer judging structure ensures high-precision fault positioning.
The display and alarm module timely displays the detection result after fault detection and triggers an alarm when confirming the fault. The alarm mechanism is helpful for maintenance personnel to take measures rapidly, and further expansion of faults or delayed repair are avoided.
The visual display of the fault positioning information enables the system operation to be more visual, improves the response speed of maintenance personnel, can directly know the specific position of the fault, and reduces the error of manual judgment.
The quantum magnetic sensor in this embodiment is a quantum magnetic sensor based on the zeeman effect. The quantum magnetic sensor is fixed on the surface of the cable through an annular clamping shell. And the distance between the left and right sets of quantum magnetic sensors exceeds 1 meter.
The foregoing detailed description of the method for positioning the fault of the three-core cable intermediate connector based on the quantum magnetic field will clearly enable those skilled in the art to know that the system for positioning the fault of the three-core cable intermediate connector based on the quantum magnetic field in this embodiment, for the system disclosed in the second embodiment, since the system corresponds to the method disclosed in the first embodiment, the system has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects, and relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The method and the system for positioning the fault of the three-core cable intermediate connector based on the quantum magnetic field are specific embodiments of the invention, have already shown the essential characteristics and the progress of the invention, can be equivalently modified according to actual use requirements under the teaching of the invention, and are all within the protection scope of the scheme.
Claims (9)
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