CN118826878A - Power balancing method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a power balancing method, a power balancing device, electronic equipment, a storage medium and a computer program product. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring first information and second information of each span in N spans contained in a first link, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information contains length information of an optical fiber and attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information contains noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, an optical signal transmitted in the first link contains M wave bands, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; determining fourth information for each of the N spans by using the first information, the second information, and third information, the third information characterizing a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information characterizing a gain of an optical amplifier; and adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier by using the fourth information.

Description

Power balancing method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of transmission in optical fiber communication, and in particular to a power balancing method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product.

Background Art

With the development of emerging businesses such as computing networks, cloud computing, and the metaverse, the demand for backbone transmission network capacity based on optical fiber communication networks is growing rapidly. In related technologies, ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission systems use high-symbol-rate 130GBd polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying (PM-QPSK) code to achieve high-speed transmission of a single-channel 400Gbit/s optical fiber backbone transmission network; at the same time, the traditional C4T band used for transmission is expanded to the C6T+L6T band with a 12THz spectrum width (also referred to as spectrum width) to meet the demand for the number of channels.

However, power transfer caused by nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) will introduce power imbalance and affect transmission performance. There is currently no effective solution to achieve power balance in ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission systems.

Summary of the invention

To solve the related technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a power balancing method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

The present application provides a power balancing method, including:

Acquire first information and second information of each span of N spans included in the first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of the optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

For each of the N spans, fourth information is determined using the first information, the second information and the third information, the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of an optical amplifier; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the fourth information.

In the above solution, the determining of the fourth information by using the first information, the second information and the third information includes:

Determine the input optical power of each of the M bands using the first information, the second information, and the third information;

Using the input optical power of each band, the output optical power of each band is determined;

For each wavelength band, the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power.

In the above solution, the use of the first information, the second information and the third information to determine the input optical power of each of the M bands includes:

The input optical power of each of the M bands is determined by using the first information, the second information, the third information and a power coupling equation of stimulated Raman scattering.

In the above scheme, determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier by using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power includes:

The gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span, wherein the N spans include the first span and the second span, and the first span is the next span of the second span.

In the above scheme, the input optical power and output optical power of each band are presented through the optical power distribution curve;

Determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier by using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span includes:

Determine a first curve using an input optical power distribution curve of the first span and an output optical power distribution curve of the second span;

Linear fitting processing is performed on the first curve to obtain the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier.

In the above scheme, the method further includes:

For the first link, power balancing is performed on the optical signal using a balancing site every Q spans, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

In the above scheme, the method further includes:

monitoring the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link;

Determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band;

When the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band meets the preset conditions, the gain adjustment of the optical amplifier is stopped.

In the above scheme, the method further includes:

monitoring the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link;

Determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band;

When the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band does not meet a preset condition, updating the third information;

For each of the N spans, the fourth information is re-determined using the updated third information; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the re-determined fourth information.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a power balancing device, including:

an acquisition unit, configured to acquire first information and second information of each span of N spans included in the first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of the optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

A determination unit is used to determine fourth information for each span in the N spans using the first information, the second information and the third information, wherein the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of the optical amplifier; and adjust the gain of the optical amplifier using the fourth information.

The present application also provides an electronic device, including:

A communication interface, used to obtain first information and second information of each span in N spans included in the first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of the optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of the optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

A processor is used to determine fourth information for each span in the N spans using the first information, the second information and the third information, wherein the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio for each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of an optical amplifier; and adjust the gain of the optical amplifier using the fourth information.

The present application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program that can be run on the processor.

Wherein, the processor is used to execute the steps of any of the above methods when running the computer program.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program implements the steps of any of the above methods when executed by a processor.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of any of the above methods when executed by a processor.

The power balancing method, device, electronic device, storage medium and computer program product provided in the embodiments of the present application obtain first information and second information of each span of N spans included in a first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes the length information of the optical fiber and the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; for each span of the N spans, fourth information is determined using the first information, the second information and the third information, the third information represents the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents the gain of the optical amplifier; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the fourth information. The solution provided by the embodiment of the present application determines the gain of the optical amplifier in each span in the link by using the first information, the second information and the third information, and sets the corresponding gain for different bands in the optical amplifier so that the optical amplifier after adjusting the gain can balance the power of all transmission bands. In this way, the power balance of the link can be achieved, and the degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively avoided. At the same time, the existing optical amplifier in each span can be directly used to achieve power balance, without adding new components (which can also be understood as components and devices) in the link, and no new inherent insertion loss will be introduced, thereby avoiding the influence of inherent insertion loss on transmission performance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of power migration in the C4T band and the C6T+L6T band;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a power balancing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the gain and the wavelength of an optical amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the optical signal-to-noise ratio and the wavelength at the end of the first link according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a flow chart of an automatic power balancing method according to an example of application of the present application;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power balancing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

With the development of emerging businesses such as computing networks, cloud computing, and the metaverse, the demand for backbone transmission network capacity based on optical fiber communication networks is growing rapidly. At present, optical backbone transmission networks based on single-channel 100G technology (i.e., single-channel 100G bit/s transmission technology) and single-channel 200G technology have been deployed on a large scale. In order to further improve network throughput and reduce the cost per bit, single-channel 400G technology and transmission technologies with higher transmission rates have been proposed.

In the related technology, a high symbol rate 130GBd PM-QPSK code is used to achieve high-speed transmission of a single-channel 400G bit/s optical fiber backbone transmission network, which can directly use (can also be understood as reuse, referred to as reuse) the existing G.652.D optical fiber infrastructure and support ultra-long distance (such as more than 1500km) transmission. The transmission system using the single-channel 400G technology can be called a single-channel 400G system.

In a single-channel 400G system, due to the application of a high symbol rate 130GBd PM-QPSK code type, the interval between transmission bands (also known as paths or channels) (also known as spectrum interval) is wide, such as 150GHz. In the traditional C4T band with a spectrum width (also known as band width) of 4THz, due to the wide interval between transmission bands, the number of bands that can be accommodated in a single-channel 100G system is reduced by 2/3 compared with the number of bands (also known as the number of channels) that can be accommodated in a single-channel 400G system. In other words, the higher the transmission rate, the fewer the number of bands that can be accommodated in the C4T band, resulting in a four-fold increase in the transmission rate of a single-channel 400G system using the C4T band for transmission. However, the actual transmission capacity is limited to only about 6.7%, which cannot match the increase in the single-channel transmission rate; the actual transmission capacity can also be understood as the total capacity of a single optical fiber, which is related to the transmission rate and the number of bands.

In order to effectively improve the transmission capacity, the spectrum width of the band used by the single-channel 400G system can be expanded (also understood as improving or increasing) to ensure (also understood as maintaining) the same number of bands as in the single-channel 100G system. In the related technology, the number of bands in the single-channel 100G system is usually 80. When the single-channel 100G system can transmit through all 80 bands, the corresponding configuration scheme can be called full-wave configuration. At this time, in the single-channel 400G system, the C6T+L6T band can be used for transmission, that is, the spectrum width is increased from 4THz of the traditional C4T band to 12THz of the C6T+L6T band, which is increased by three times, so as to ensure the full-wave configuration in the single-channel 400G system; at this time, the single-channel 400G system using the C6T+L6T band for transmission can also be called an ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission system. For example, the ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission system may specifically include a single-wavelength QPSK system, the length may be 1673 km, the transmission band may be a C6T+L6T band, and the transmission rate may be 80x400 Gbit/s.

In ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission systems, nonlinear effects such as SRS (also known as inelastic fiber nonlinear effects) will seriously affect transmission performance (also known as causing transmission damage). Specifically, due to the existence of SRS, after short-wavelength signals (also known as short-wavelength signals) and long-wavelength signals (also known as long-wavelength signals) of the same power are transmitted over a certain distance (specifically, one or more standard spans) in the link, there will be an imbalance between the power of the short-wavelength signal and the power of the long-wavelength signal. Since different wavelengths correspond to different bands, the imbalance between the power of the short-wavelength signal and the power of the long-wavelength signal can also be understood as power imbalance between bands. At the same time, the wider the total transmission band, the greater the difference between the maximum power and the minimum power of the band.

For example, as shown in Figure 1, assuming that after the signal is transmitted through a standard span in the G.652.D optical fiber infrastructure, the power of the short-wavelength signal decreases and the power of the long-wavelength signal increases. This can also be understood as the transfer of transmission energy to the long-wavelength signal, or the pumping of the short-wavelength signal to amplify the long-wavelength signal. This process can also be called energy transfer or power transfer caused by SRS. When a single-channel 100G system uses the C4T band for transmission, the power difference between the long-wavelength signal and the short-wavelength signal caused by power transfer (which can also be understood as the value of power imbalance) is less than 1dB; when a single-channel 400G system uses the C6T+L6T band for transmission, the power difference between the long-wavelength signal and the short-wavelength signal caused by power transfer is about 7dB.

In ultra-wideband high-speed optical transmission systems, optical amplifiers are usually used to amplify optical signals in each span to compensate for the loss of optical power in optical fiber transmission. The gain of the optical amplifier is related to the power of the signal; that is, if the power of signals in different bands is different, there will be gain competition between signals in different bands when using optical amplifiers for amplification. The higher the power, the greater the gain corresponding to the signal, and the lower the power, the smaller the gain corresponding to the signal. If the power corresponding to a band is too low, the optical amplifier may not be able to effectively compensate for the power of the band, which ultimately leads to the degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of the band. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the power of all bands. At the same time, since the power transfer caused by SRS will introduce about 7dB of power imbalance in only one span, it is necessary to perform power balancing in each span (it can also be understood as span-by-span) to avoid the cumulative impact of power transfer after multiple span transmissions before power balancing, which has caused the optical signal-to-noise ratio to be greatly degraded.

Based on this, in the related technology, a balancing site (also called a balancing site) is usually deployed in the link, and the equipment in the balancing site is used to balance the power of different bands. Specifically, in one solution, a wavelength selective switch (WSS) is deployed in the balancing site. Since WSS can independently adjust the power of different bands, WSS can be used to lower the power of the band with higher power (it can also be understood as the intensity of the optical signal, which can be simply referred to as light intensity), thereby achieving power balance between bands; in another solution, an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and a variable optical attenuator (VOA) are deployed at the balancing site. AWG can be used to demultiplex the signals of each wavelength, and then VOA can be used to lower the power of the band with higher power, and finally AWG can be used to multiplex the signals processed by VOA (which can also be understood as combining waves), thereby achieving power balance between bands.

However, due to the network construction cost and the inherent insertion loss introduced by devices such as WSS or AWG, a balancing site can usually be deployed at a distance of several spans, and it is impossible to deploy span by span (or in each span), and it is also impossible to perform power balancing in each span. The accumulation of power transfer through multiple spans may cause the optical signal-to-noise ratio to deteriorate significantly, seriously affecting the transmission performance.

Based on this, in various embodiments of the present application, in each span in the link, the gain of the optical amplifier is determined by using the length information of the optical fiber, the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier, and the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band contained in the optical signal at the end of the link. By setting corresponding gains for different bands in the optical amplifier, the optical amplifier after adjusting the gain can balance the power of all transmission bands. In this way, power balancing of the link can be achieved, and degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively avoided. At the same time, power balancing can be achieved directly by using the existing optical amplifiers in each span, without adding new components (also understood as components and devices) in the link, and thus no new inherent insertion loss will be introduced, thereby avoiding the influence of inherent insertion loss on transmission performance.

The present application provides a power balancing method, as shown in FIG2 , which is applied to an electronic device. The method includes:

Step 201: obtaining first information and second information of each span of N spans included in a first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of an optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

Step 202: For each of the N spans, fourth information is determined using the first information, the second information, and the third information, wherein the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio for each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of an optical amplifier; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the fourth information.

Here, the electronic device may be specifically referred to as a power balancing system. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the name of the electronic device as long as its function is achieved.

The first link can be specifically referred to as an optical fiber link or an optical transmission link, and includes N spans. The specific name of the first link is not limited in the embodiment of the present application; each of the N spans includes an optical amplifier, and the optical amplifier is used to compensate for the optical signal power loss (which can also be understood as attenuation or link loss) generated by the corresponding span. The optical amplifier can specifically include an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the optical amplifier.

In actual application, each of the N spans can be measured by an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to obtain N measurement results, and the N measurement results are sent to the electronic device, wherein each of the N measurement results may include the length of the optical fiber and the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber. After receiving the N measurement results, the electronic device can use the measurement results corresponding to each span to determine the first information corresponding to the span.

The electronic device may determine the second information based on the hardware parameters of the optical amplifier, where the second information is related to the device model of the optical amplifier, and the second information may also be referred to as a nominal noise factor.

It can be seen from the above description that in step 201, the electronic device obtains link information of the first link, and the link information includes first information and second information of each span in the first link.

In actual application, if power balancing is achieved in each span of the first link, at the end of the first link, that is, the receiving end receiving the optical signal, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands contained in the optical signal will be greater than the preset threshold and located in a smaller flat interval (that is, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band is relatively close). In this way, the receiving end can accurately obtain the information of each band in the optical signal, thereby ensuring the transmission performance of the optical signal transmitted by the first link. Among them, the preset threshold can be set according to actual needs. Based on this, a relationship curve between the band and the optical signal-to-noise ratio can be drawn, the horizontal axis of the relationship curve is the band, and the vertical axis is the optical signal-to-noise ratio received at the end of the first link. The relationship curve can be used to determine whether power balancing is successfully achieved; specifically, when power balancing is successfully achieved in the N spans, the relationship curve is relatively flat (it can also be understood as a high degree of flatness or a high degree of flatness).

Based on this, the flatness of the relationship curve can be used as a target for power balancing in each span, and the third information can be determined using the target; specifically, the target optical signal-to-noise ratio expected to be achieved for each of the M bands at the end of the first link can be preset, and the third information can be determined using the target optical signal-to-noise ratio.

In practical application, after determining the third information, the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal after transmission through the span can be determined for each span using the third information and the first information and the second information of each span in the N spans; the target output optical power of the optical signal in the span can be determined using the target optical signal-to-noise ratio. Since the output of the optical signal after transmission through the span is the input of the next span, the target output optical power of the span can be used as the input optical power of the next span, and at the same time, the target output optical power of the previous span can be used as the input optical power of the span. After determining the input optical power of the span, the output optical power after transmission through the span (which can also be understood as the optical power before amplification by the optical amplifier of the span) can be determined using the input optical power of the span and the first information and the second information of the span, and then the gain of the optical amplifier of the span can be determined using the output optical power and the target output optical power of the span, so that the output optical power can reach the target output optical power of the span after adjustment by the optical amplifier, thereby achieving power balance of the span.

Based on this, in one embodiment, the specific implementation of step 202 may include:

Determine the input optical power of each of the M bands using the first information, the second information, and the third information;

Using the input optical power of each band, the output optical power of each band is determined;

For each wavelength band, the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power.

In one embodiment, the step of using the first information, the second information, and the third information to determine the input optical power of each of the M bands includes:

The input optical power of each of the M bands is determined by using the first information, the second information, the third information and the power coupling equation of the SRS.

Specifically, for each band in the M band, the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band at the end of the first link (i.e., after transmission through the Nth span), the optical fiber length of each span, and the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier in each span can be used, combined with formula (1), to determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal corresponding to the band after transmission through each span.

Wherein, m represents the mth band in the M bands, m is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, n represents the nth span in the N spans, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N, OSNR _m,n represents the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the mth band after transmission through the nth span, OSNR _m,n-1 represents the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the mth band after transmission through the n-1th span, P _noise,m,n represents the noise power introduced by the mth band in the nth span, P _m,n (L) represents the output optical power of the mth band after transmission through the nth span, and L represents the optical fiber length of the nth span. The P _noise,m,n can be calculated using formula (2):

P _noise,m,n ＝hf _m F _n G _amp,m,n △f _span,m (2)

Among them, h represents Planck's constant, _Fn represents the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier in the n-th span (that is, the second information), _fm represents the center frequency of the optical signal in the m-th band, Δfspan _,m represents the spectrum width of the optical signal in the m-th band, _Gamp,m,n represents the gain of the optical amplifier in the n-th span for the m-th band. Specifically, the value of _Gamp,m,n can be set to be the ratio of the input optical power to the output optical power (that is, the optical power before amplification by the optical amplifier) of the m-th band in the n-th span.

The P _m,n (L) can be calculated using the power coupling equation of the SRS. The power coupling equation of the SRS can be specifically expressed as formula (3):

Wherein, Pm _,n (z) represents the optical power of the mth band after transmitting a distance z in the nth span, z represents the position coordinate along the propagation direction of the optical fiber. When calculating _Pm,n (L), the value of z can be set to L, Pm0 _,n represents the input optical power of the mth band in the nth span, _J0 represents the total input optical power of the nth span, α represents the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, _Ze represents the effective nonlinear length of the optical fiber, and G can be calculated using formula (4):

Among them, g' represents the Raman gain slope of the optical fiber; Δf represents the frequency interval between the bands; A _eff represents the effective mode field area of the optical fiber. The values of g', Δf, and A _eff can be determined according to the actual application scenario (such as the actual optical fiber performance, the actual band setting, etc.), and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific determination method.

At the same time, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the mth band after transmission in the first span can be defined as OSNR _m,1 =P _m,1 (L ₁ )/P _noise,m,1 , where L ₁ represents the optical fiber length of the first span.

In practical applications, the third information can be used to determine the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link, that is, the optical signal-to-noise ratio OSNR _m,N after the Nth span transmission, so that the optical signal-to-noise ratio at the end of the first link can be used in combination with formula (1) to determine the target optical signal-to-noise ratio OSNR _m,n corresponding to each span. A cost function associated with the input optical power of each span can be defined (or understood as constructed), and the cost function can be specifically expressed as formula (5):

Wherein, P _m0,n represents the input optical power of the m-th band in the n-th span, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M.

In practical applications, after determining the cost function, the cost function can be used to calculate the input optical power of each band in the nth span using an optimization algorithm (which can also be understood as a parameter optimization algorithm). When the optimization algorithm includes a gradient descent algorithm, the gradient descent algorithm can be used to perform multiple iterations on the cost function to obtain the input optical power of each band, which can be expressed as formula (6):

Among them, k represents the preset learning rate, which can be set according to actual needs.

In practical applications, for each span, after determining the input optical power of each band in the span, the first information and the second information corresponding to the span and the input optical power can be used in combination with formula (3) to determine the output optical power of each band. At the same time, the input optical power of each band in the span can be used as the target output optical power of the corresponding band in the previous span. In this way, for each span, the output optical power of each band and the target output optical power can be used to determine the gain of the optical amplifier, so that the output optical power of each band can match the target output optical power after being adjusted by the optical amplifier.

Based on this, in one embodiment, determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power includes:

The gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span, wherein the N spans include the first span and the second span, and the first span is the next span of the second span.

Here, in actual application, each band corresponds to a wavelength range. In a band, the optical power corresponding to different wavelengths can be presented by an optical power distribution curve. The horizontal axis of the optical power distribution curve is the wavelength, and the vertical axis is the power size. The optical power distribution curve represents the relationship between optical power and wavelength in a band.

In actual application, in a band, the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span corresponding to different wavelengths may be different, that is, different gains may need to be set for different wavelengths in a band to achieve power balance for all wavelengths. However, due to limitations of factors such as equipment performance, it may not be possible to accurately set the gain corresponding to each wavelength in the optical amplifier for a band. In this case, the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier corresponding to the band can be set (it can also be understood as setting the gain slope within the range allowed by the equipment performance) so that optical signals of different wavelengths can be amplified accordingly through the optical amplifier. In other words, a relationship curve can be drawn for each band, the horizontal axis of the relationship curve is the wavelength, and the vertical axis of the relationship curve is the gain of the optical amplifier at the corresponding wavelength. The relationship curve can also be called an optical amplifier gain spectrum (or amplifier gain spectrum). When the relationship curve is a straight line, the gain slope can represent the slope of the relationship curve (it can also be understood as the linear relationship between the wavelength and the gain of the optical amplifier).

Based on this, in one embodiment, determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier by using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span includes:

Determine a first curve using an input optical power distribution curve of the first span and an output optical power distribution curve of the second span;

Linear fitting processing is performed on the first curve to obtain the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier.

In actual application, when the input optical power and the output optical power are presented through an optical power distribution curve, the optical power distribution curve corresponding to the input optical power of the first span can be called an input optical power spectrum, and the optical power distribution curve corresponding to the output optical power of the second span can be called an output optical power spectrum. At this time, the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum can be used for calculation (which can also be understood as theoretical calculation) to obtain the first curve. Specifically, if the coordinates of the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum are linear coordinates, the horizontal coordinates of the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum can represent the wavelength (the unit can be nanometers (nm)), and the vertical coordinate can represent the optical power (the unit can be milliwatts (mW) or watts (W)). At this time, for each wavelength, the ratio of the optical power corresponding to the output optical power spectrum to the optical power corresponding to the input optical power can be calculated to obtain the first curve; if the coordinates of the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum are logarithmic coordinates, the horizontal coordinates of the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum can represent the wavelength (the unit can be nm), and the vertical coordinate can represent the optical power (the unit can be decibel milliwatts (dBm) or decibels (dB)). At this time, for each wavelength, the difference between the optical power corresponding to the output optical power spectrum and the optical power corresponding to the input optical power can be calculated to obtain the first curve. The obtained value corresponding to each wavelength on the first curve represents the optical amplifier gain required to adjust the output optical power of the second span corresponding to the wavelength to the input optical power of the first span corresponding to the wavelength by using the optical amplifier.

In order to meet the limitations of factors such as the performance of the optical amplifier device, after determining the first curve, the first curve can be linearly fitted to obtain a corresponding straight line, and then the slope of the straight line can be used as the gain slope of the optical amplifier, and the intercept corresponding to the straight line can be used as the gain of the optical amplifier.

Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3, assuming that the coordinates of the input optical power spectrum and the output optical power spectrum are linear coordinates, a first curve (such as the dotted line in Figure 3) can be obtained by taking the difference between the input optical power distribution curve of the first span and the output optical power distribution curve of the second span, and a fitted straight line (such as the solid line in Figure 3) can be obtained by performing linear fitting on the first curve, which can be specifically expressed as G _amp (n) = hn + G, wherein G _amp (n) represents the optical amplifier gain corresponding to the nth wavelength band, h represents the gain slope, and G represents the optical amplifier gain.

In practical applications, after determining the gain of the optical amplifier (i.e., the fourth information), the gain of the optical amplifier in each span can be adjusted so that the optical signal can be power-balanced in each span after being amplified by the optical amplifier, and the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band is always maintained in a relatively flat range, so that at the end of the first link, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band meets the target optical signal-to-noise ratio. Compared with performing power balancing once at intervals of multiple spans, the degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively avoided.

At the same time, by adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier to achieve power balancing, there is no need to introduce new inherent insertion loss in the link, which can reduce the impact on transmission performance.

In actual applications, since linear fitting may introduce errors in determining the gain of the optical amplifier, and the performance of the optical amplifier may not be ideal, the optical power cannot be completely balanced. It can also be understood that there is residual unevenness in the optical power. Therefore, after transmission across multiple spans, the residual unevenness in the optical power can be compensated for using the equalization site in the first link.

Based on this, in one embodiment, the method may further include:

For the first link, power balancing is performed on the optical signal using a balancing site every Q spans, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Among them, the value of Q can be set according to actual needs. The balancing site may include a power balancing unit (also called an optical power balancing unit). Specifically, power balancing can be achieved using WSS, or power balancing can be achieved by combining AWG and VOA (also expressed as AWG+VOA). This embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

It should be noted that since each balancing site is separated by Q spans, the construction cost is lower than using a balancing site for power balancing in each span, and the inherent insertion loss introduced is less, which can effectively compensate for the residual unevenness in the optical power, so that at the end of the first link, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band is maintained in a relatively flat range, and the transmission performance of each band is similar.

In actual application, after adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link can be monitored to obtain actual monitoring results. The gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the actual monitoring results so that the actual optical signal-to-noise ratio at the end of the first link meets the target optical signal-to-noise ratio requirements (specifically, the flatness requirements).

Based on this, if the actual optical signal-to-noise ratio meets the requirement of the target optical signal-to-noise ratio, in one embodiment, the method may further include:

monitoring the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link;

Determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band;

When the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band meets the preset conditions, the gain adjustment of the optical amplifier is stopped.

Here, specifically, at the end of the first link, that is, the receiving end that receives the optical signal, a signal receiving device (which can also be understood as a monitoring device) can be used to monitor the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link. The signal receiving device is deployed at the end of the first mile. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific name of the signal receiving device, as long as its function is realized.

In practical applications, the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness can be specifically expressed as: the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio, or the mean square error of the optical signal-to-noise ratio, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific representation method of the flatness, as long as it can characterize the degree of fluctuation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio. At the same time, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation method for determining the flatness.

In actual application, the preset condition can be set according to actual needs; illustratively, assuming that the preset condition includes a preset flatness range, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band monitored can be used to determine the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio. If the determined flatness belongs to the preset flatness range, it can be considered that the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band meets the preset condition; if the determined flatness does not belong to (can also be understood as exceeding) the preset flatness range, it can be considered that the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band does not meet the preset condition.

When the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band meets the preset conditions, the gain setting of the optical amplifier meets the requirements of power balancing, and the power balancing operation can be ended.

If the actual optical signal-to-noise ratio does not meet the target optical signal-to-noise ratio requirement, the power of the optical signal needs to be re-balanced.

Based on this, in one embodiment, the method may further include:

monitoring the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link;

Determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band;

When the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band does not meet a preset condition, updating the third information;

For each of the N spans, the fourth information is re-determined using the updated third information; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the re-determined fourth information.

In practical application, when the state of the first link changes, or when there is a non-ideal error in the first link, the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band may not meet the preset condition. In this case, step 202 may be repeatedly performed until the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each monitored band meets the preset condition.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG4 , it is assumed that the optical signal-to-noise ratio actually monitored at the end of the first link can be represented by the solid line curve X in FIG4 , and the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of this power balancing can be represented by the flat straight line G in FIG4 , that is, during the power balancing this time, the target is the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio at the end of the first link, which can also be understood as the third information representing that the target optical signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each band is the same, or that the target optical signal-to-noise ratio is a flat optical signal-to-noise ratio. In this way, during the next power balancing, it can also be understood that when step 202 is repeatedly executed, the third information can be updated. Specifically, the optical signal-to-noise ratio curve actually monitored can be used to determine the updated target optical signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each band (which can also be understood as an optimization target), which can be specifically represented by the dotted line Y in FIG4 . If the optical signal-to-noise ratio actually monitored in a band is xdB lower than the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio, the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band can be updated to be xdB higher than the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio; if the optical signal-to-noise ratio actually monitored in a band is xdB higher than the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio, the target optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band can be updated to be xdB lower than the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio. In this way, the gain of the optical amplifier can be adjusted accordingly using the updated target optical signal-to-noise ratio, so as to achieve that the optical signal-to-noise ratio actually monitored meets the flatness requirement.

The power balancing method provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains first information and second information of each span of N spans included in the first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes the length information of the optical fiber and the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; for each span of the N spans, fourth information is determined using the first information, the second information and the third information, the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR in English) of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents the gain of the optical amplifier; and the gain of the optical amplifier is adjusted using the fourth information. The solution provided by the embodiment of the present application determines the gain of the optical amplifier in each span in the link by using the first information, the second information and the third information, and sets the corresponding gain for different bands in the optical amplifier so that the optical amplifier after adjusting the gain can balance the power of all transmission bands. In this way, the power balance of the link can be achieved, and the degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively avoided. At the same time, the existing optical amplifier in each span can be directly used to achieve power balance, without adding new components (which can also be understood as components and devices) in the link, and no new inherent insertion loss will be introduced, thereby avoiding the influence of inherent insertion loss on transmission performance.

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with application examples.

In this application example, the power balancing system (also understood as an automatic power balancing system) in the ultra-wideband optical fiber communication network scenario may include a management platform, balancing units deployed at intervals of several spans, optical amplifiers deployed in each span, signal receiving units deployed at the end of the link, etc. In actual application, an ultra-wideband optical fiber communication system (also understood as an ultra-wideband optical communication system) may be constructed based on the power balancing system, and the constructed ultra-wideband optical fiber communication system may realize automatic power balancing.

The automatic power balancing process in the power balancing system provided in this application example, as shown in FIG5 , includes the following steps:

Step 501: The management platform obtains link information;

In actual application, the management platform can also be called a network management platform or a network manager. The management platform can perform measurements through an OTDR to obtain the optical fiber length and optical fiber attenuation coefficient of each span, and read (or manually input) the nominal noise coefficient of the optical amplifier in each span.

Specifically, the link information (which can also be understood as the initial condition) may be obtained by a processing unit in the management platform.

Step 502: For each span, the management platform calculates the input optical power spectrum shape of each band using link information;

Specifically, the processing unit in the management platform can take the flat optical signal-to-noise ratio of the terminal as a target (which can also be understood as an optimization target), that is, set the target optical signal-to-noise ratio to a flat optical signal-to-noise ratio; using the obtained link information, and based on the power coupling equation of the SRS between bands (which can also be understood as channels), calculate span by span to obtain the optimized input optical power spectrum shape of each span segment (that is, the input optical power of each band mentioned above), and the calculation method can include commonly used parameter optimization methods such as gradient descent. In other words, the processing unit can automatically calculate the optimized input optical power spectrum shape of each span segment based on the optimization target and initial conditions.

Step 503: For each span, the management platform determines the output optical power spectrum shape by using the input optical power spectrum shape;

Specifically, the calculation unit in the management platform can perform numerical calculations for each span based on the optimized input optical power spectrum shape to obtain the output optical power spectrum shape after transmission through the span (ie, the output optical power of each band mentioned above).

Step 504: For each span, the management platform determines and configures the gain and gain slope of each band optical amplifier by using the input optical power spectrum shape and the output optical power spectrum shape;

In actual application, the gain slope of the optical amplifier can be set within a certain range. The management platform can use the input optical power spectrum shape of the latter span (i.e., the first span mentioned above) minus the output optical power spectrum shape of the previous span (i.e., the second span mentioned above) to obtain the difference power spectrum shape (i.e., the first curve mentioned above), and perform linear fitting on the difference power spectrum shape for each band to obtain the fitting result, and use the fitting result to determine the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier in the corresponding band, and configure the determined gain and gain slope to the corresponding optical amplifier.

Step 505: using an equalization unit to compensate for residual unevenness of power;

In practical applications, after each transmission through Q spans, an optical power balancing unit is used to compensate for the residual unevenness of the power within the band. The optical power balancing unit can be implemented using the WSS method or a combination of AWG and VOA, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Step 506: using the signal receiving unit to measure the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the terminal to obtain a measurement result;

A signal receiving unit is arranged at the end of the link (ie the first link mentioned above) to monitor the actual optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band, and the actual optical signal-to-noise ratio is taken as the measurement result.

Step 507: Determine whether the measurement result reaches the target.

In actual application, if the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness reaches the preset target, the equalization ends; if the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness does not reach the preset target, the optical signal-to-noise ratio information of each current channel is fed back to the processing unit in the management platform, and steps 502 to 507 are repeatedly executed until the measurement result meets the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness requirement (that is, the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness reaches the preset target).

The automatic power equalization solution provided in the application example of the present application determines the gain of the optical amplifier in each span of the link by using the link information, and sets the corresponding gain for different bands in the optical amplifier so that the optical amplifier with the adjusted gain can equalize the power of all transmission bands. In this way, power equalization can be achieved in each span. Compared with performing power equalization once at intervals of multiple spans, the optical signal-to-noise ratio between the bands is always maintained in a relatively flat range, which can effectively avoid the degradation of the optical signal-to-noise ratio.

At the same time, balancing sites are deployed every several spans, and the residual unevenness of power is compensated by the balancing sites, so that optical signals of different bands can have similar transmission performance at the end of the link after long-distance (multi-span) transmission.

Specifically, for a single-channel 400G system that uses the C6T+L6T band for transmission, the C-band (also understood as the C6T band) and L-band (also understood as the L6T band) optical amplifier configurations can be optimized based on the collected link information to achieve span-by-span optical power balancing, thereby always ensuring that the optical signal-to-noise ratio between channels is maintained in a relatively flat range. At the same time, balancing sites are deployed every several spans to compensate for residual unevenness, ultimately ensuring that the signal has similar transmission performance at the end after being transmitted through the long-distance multi-span system.

In order to implement the method of the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides a power balancing device, which is arranged on an electronic device, as shown in FIG6 , and includes:

An acquisition unit 601 is used to acquire first information and second information of each span in N spans included in the first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of the optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

A determination unit 602 is used to determine fourth information for each span in the N spans using the first information, the second information and the third information, wherein the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio for each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of the optical amplifier; and use the fourth information to adjust the gain of the optical amplifier.

In one embodiment, the determining unit 602 is specifically configured to:

Determine the input optical power of each of the M bands using the first information, the second information, and the third information;

Using the input optical power of each band, the output optical power of each band is determined;

For each wavelength band, the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power.

In one embodiment, the determining unit 602 is specifically configured to:

The input optical power of each of the M bands is determined by using the first information, the second information, the third information and the power coupling equation of the SRS.

In one embodiment, the determining unit 602 is specifically configured to:

The gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span, wherein the N spans include the first span and the second span, and the first span is the next span of the second span.

In one embodiment, the input optical power and the output optical power of each band are presented by an optical power distribution curve, and the determining unit 602 is specifically configured to:

Determine a first curve using an input optical power distribution curve of the first span and an output optical power distribution curve of the second span;

Linear fitting processing is performed on the first curve to obtain the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier.

In one embodiment, the power balancing device further includes:

The balancing unit is used to perform power balancing on the optical signal by using a balancing site every Q spans for the first link, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

In one embodiment, the power balancing device further includes:

The adjustment unit is used to monitor the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link; determine the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band; and stop adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier when the flatness of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of the band meets a preset condition.

In one embodiment, the adjustment unit is further used for:

Monitor the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link; determine the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band; if the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band does not meet the preset conditions, update the third information; for each span of the N spans, use the updated third information to redetermine the fourth information; use the redetermined fourth information to adjust the gain of the optical amplifier.

In actual application, the acquisition unit 601 can be implemented by a communication interface in the power balancing device, the determination unit 602 and the balancing unit can be implemented by a processor in the power balancing device, and the adjustment unit can be implemented by a processor in the power balancing device in combination with a communication interface.

It should be noted that: when the power balancing device provided in the above embodiment performs power balancing, only the division of the above program units is used as an example. In actual applications, the above processing can be assigned to different program units as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different program units to complete all or part of the processing described above. In addition, the power balancing device provided in the above embodiment and the power balancing method embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Based on the hardware implementation of the above program modules, and in order to implement the method of the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, as shown in FIG. 7 , the electronic device 700 includes:

Communication interface 701, capable of exchanging information with other devices;

A processor 702, connected to the communication interface 701, to implement information interaction with other devices, and used to execute the method provided by one or more of the above technical solutions when running a computer program;

A memory 703 , on which the computer program is stored.

Specifically, the communication interface is used to: obtain first information and second information of each span in N spans included in the first link, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes the length information of the optical fiber and the attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes the noise coefficient of the optical amplifier, and the optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

The processor 702 is used to: determine fourth information using the first information, the second information and the third information for each span of the N spans, wherein the third information represents a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information represents a gain of the optical amplifier; and adjust the gain of the optical amplifier using the fourth information.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is specifically configured to:

Determine the input optical power of each of the M bands using the first information, the second information, and the third information;

Using the input optical power of each band, the output optical power of each band is determined;

For each wavelength band, the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is specifically configured to:

The input optical power of each of the M bands is determined by using the first information, the second information, the third information and the power coupling equation of the SRS.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is specifically configured to:

The gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span, wherein the N spans include the first span and the second span, and the first span is the next span of the second span.

In one embodiment, the input optical power and the output optical power of each band are presented by an optical power distribution curve, and the processor 702 is specifically configured to:

Determine a first curve using an input optical power distribution curve of the first span and an output optical power distribution curve of the second span;

Linear fitting processing is performed on the first curve to obtain the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is further configured to:

For the first link, power balancing is performed on the optical signal using a balancing site every Q spans, where Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is further configured to:

The optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link is monitored by using the communication interface 701; the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band is determined; and when the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band meets a preset condition, the gain of the optical amplifier is stopped being adjusted.

In one embodiment, the processor 702 is further configured to:

Using the communication interface 701 to monitor the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each band at the end of the first link; determining the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band; when the optical signal-to-noise ratio flatness of the band does not meet the preset conditions, updating the third information; for each span of the N spans, using the updated third information, re-determining the fourth information; using the re-determined fourth information, adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier.

It should be noted that the specific processing process of the processor 702 and the communication interface 701 can be understood by referring to the above method.

Of course, in actual application, the various components in the electronic device 700 are coupled together through the bus system 706. It can be understood that the bus system 706 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. In addition to the data bus, the bus system 706 also includes a power bus, a control bus and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are marked as the bus system 706 in FIG. 7.

The memory 703 in the embodiment of the present application is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the electronic device 700. Examples of such data include: any computer program used to operate on the electronic device 700.

The method disclosed in the above embodiment of the present application can be applied to the processor 702, or implemented by the processor 702. The processor 702 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware or software instructions in the processor 702. The above-mentioned processor 702 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processor), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 702 can implement or execute the methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. In combination with the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, it can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to execute, or it can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium, which is located in a memory 703, and the processor 702 reads the information in the memory 703 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 700 can be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers (MCUs), microprocessors, or other electronic components to execute the aforementioned method.

It can be understood that the memory (memory 703) of the embodiment of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, and can also include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a magnetic random access memory (FRAM), a ferromagnetic random access memory, a flash memory, a magnetic surface memory, an optical disc, or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM); the magnetic surface memory can be a disk memory or a tape memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), synchronous static random access memory (SSRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory described in the embodiments of the present application is intended to include but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

In an exemplary embodiment, the present application also provides a storage medium, namely a computer storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium, for example, a memory 703 storing a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by a processor 702 of an electronic device 700 to complete the steps of the aforementioned method. The computer-readable storage medium can be a memory such as FRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, magnetic surface storage, optical disk, or CD-ROM.

In an exemplary embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor 702 of the electronic device 700 to complete the steps of the aforementioned method.

It should be noted that: "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

In addition, the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A method of power equalization comprising:

Acquiring first information and second information of each span in N spans contained in a first link, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information contains length information of an optical fiber and attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information contains noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, an optical signal transmitted in the first link contains M wave bands, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

Determining fourth information for each of the N spans by using the first information, the second information, and third information, the third information characterizing a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information characterizing a gain of an optical amplifier; and adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier by using the fourth information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining using the first information, second information, and third information to determine fourth information comprises:

Determining the input optical power of each of the M wave bands by using the first information, the second information and the third information;

determining the output optical power of each wave band by using the input optical power of each wave band;

the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier are determined for each band using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the input optical power for each of the M bands using the first information, the second information, and the third information comprises:

And determining the input optical power of each wave band in the M wave bands by using the first information, the second information, the third information and a power coupling equation of stimulated Raman scattering.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier using the corresponding input optical power and output optical power comprises:

And determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier by utilizing the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span, wherein the N spans comprise the first span and the second span, and the first span is the next span of the second span.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the input optical power and the output optical power for each band are represented by an optical power distribution curve;

the determining the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier using the input optical power of the first span and the output optical power of the second span includes:

Determining a first curve by utilizing the input optical power distribution curve of the first span and the output optical power distribution curve of the second span;

and performing linear fitting processing on the first curve to obtain the gain and gain slope of the optical amplifier.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

And for the first link, carrying out power equalization on the optical signal by using an equalization station every Q spans, wherein Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

Monitoring the optical signal to noise ratio of each wave band at the end of the first link;

determining the flatness of the optical signal to noise ratio of the wave band;

and stopping adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier under the condition that the flatness of the optical signal to noise ratio of the wave band meets the preset condition.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

Monitoring the optical signal to noise ratio of each wave band at the end of the first link;

determining the flatness of the optical signal to noise ratio of the wave band;

updating the third information under the condition that the flatness of the optical signal to noise ratio of the wave band does not meet the preset condition;

For each span of the N spans, re-determining fourth information by using the updated third information; and adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier by using the redetermined fourth information.

9. A power equalizing apparatus, comprising:

An obtaining unit, configured to obtain first information and second information of each span of N spans included in a first link, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information includes length information of an optical fiber and an attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information includes a noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, an optical signal transmitted in the first link includes M bands, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

A determining unit, configured to determine, for each span of the N spans, fourth information using the first information, the second information, and third information, where the third information characterizes a target optical signal-to-noise ratio of each of the M bands at the end of the first link, and the fourth information characterizes a gain of an optical amplifier; and adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier by using the fourth information.

10. An electronic device, comprising:

The communication interface is used for acquiring first information and second information of each span in N spans contained in the first link, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the first information contains length information of an optical fiber and attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber, the second information contains noise coefficient of an optical amplifier, an optical signal transmitted in the first link contains M wave bands, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

A processor configured to determine, for each of the N spans, fourth information using the first information, the second information, and third information, the third information characterizing a target optical signal-to-noise ratio for each of the M bands at the end of the first link, the fourth information characterizing a gain of an optical amplifier; and adjusting the gain of the optical amplifier by using the fourth information.

11. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor,

Wherein the processor is adapted to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 8 when the computer program is run.

12. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.