CN118818358B - Battery cluster health online monitoring method and related device - Google Patents
Battery cluster health online monitoring method and related deviceInfo
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- CN118818358B CN118818358B CN202411242298.7A CN202411242298A CN118818358B CN 118818358 B CN118818358 B CN 118818358B CN 202411242298 A CN202411242298 A CN 202411242298A CN 118818358 B CN118818358 B CN 118818358B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及储能领域，本发明公开电池簇健康度在线监测方法及相关装置，从电池管理系统中获得电池簇的工作电压、所述电池簇的工作电流、第一单体电芯的工作电压和所述第一单体电芯的工作电流；根据所述电池簇的工作电压和所述电池簇的工作电流，计算得到所述电池簇的转换能量；根据所述第一单体电芯的工作电压和所述第一单体电芯的工作电流，计算得到所述第一单体电芯的转换能量；根据所述电池簇的多个转换能量和所述第一单体电芯的多个转换能量，确定所述电池簇的单体电芯不一致性。本发明可以基于电池管理系统中的数据，在线准确判断电池簇的单体电芯不一致性情况，计算结果比较准确且及时。
The present invention relates to the field of energy storage. The present invention discloses a method and related device for online monitoring of the health of a battery cluster. The method obtains the operating voltage of the battery cluster, the operating current of the battery cluster, the operating voltage of a first battery cell, and the operating current of the first battery cell from a battery management system; calculates the conversion energy of the battery cluster based on the operating voltage and the operating current of the battery cluster; calculates the conversion energy of the first battery cell based on the operating voltage and the operating current of the first battery cell; and determines the inconsistency of the battery cell of the battery cluster based on the multiple conversion energies of the battery cluster and the multiple conversion energies of the first battery cell. The present invention can accurately judge the inconsistency of the battery cell of a battery cluster online based on data in the battery management system, and the calculation results are relatively accurate and timely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a battery cluster health degree on-line monitoring method and a related device.
Background
The unavoidable difference of lithium ion battery in manufacturing process can be along with live time and operating mode difference can make the inconsistency between electric core further increase, and the electric core in the battery cluster can take place overcharge or put the problem excessively, brings certain potential safety hazard. Therefore, how to timely and accurately detect the health degree of the battery cluster is a technical problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides a method and related apparatus for online monitoring of health of a battery cluster, which overcomes or at least partially solves the foregoing problems.
In a first aspect, a method for online monitoring health of a battery cluster includes:
obtaining a working voltage of a battery cluster, a working current of the battery cluster, a working voltage of a first single battery cell and a working current of the first single battery cell from a battery management system, wherein the working voltage is a voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is a current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in all single battery cells included in the battery cluster;
According to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster, wherein the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process;
According to the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell, wherein the conversion energy of the first single battery cell is the charging energy of the first single battery cell in the charging process or the discharging energy of the first single battery cell in the discharging process;
and determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of conversion energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of conversion energies of the first cell, wherein the cell inconsistency represents the inconsistency degree of the performances of each cell of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, before the obtaining the operating voltage of the battery cluster, the operating current of the battery cluster, the operating voltage of the first unit cell, and the operating current of the first unit cell from the battery management system, the method further includes:
If the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the operation time smaller than a preset operation threshold, selecting a single battery cell meeting a first condition from all single battery cells included in the battery cluster as the first single battery cell, wherein the first condition is that the voltage of the single battery cell is closest to the average voltage of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single battery cell is closest to the average capacity of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster;
And if the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the running time being longer than the preset running threshold, selecting a single battery cell meeting a second condition from all single battery cells included in the battery cluster as the first single battery cell, wherein the second condition is that the temperature of the single battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the calculating, according to the operating voltage of the battery cluster and the operating current of the battery cluster, the converted energy of the battery cluster includes:
Calculating a first product of an operating voltage of the battery cluster and an operating current of the battery cluster;
And carrying out fixed integral calculation on the first product to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster, wherein the upper integral limit of the fixed integral is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the calculating, according to the operating voltage of the first single cell and the operating current of the first single cell, the converted energy of the first single cell includes:
calculating a second product of the operating voltage of the first single cell and the operating current of the first single cell;
and carrying out fixed integral calculation on the second product to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell, wherein the upper limit of the integral of the fixed integral is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the first single battery cell.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first cell includes:
performing linear fitting and deriving on the multiple conversion energies of the battery cluster and the multiple conversion energies of the first single battery cell to obtain a first slope;
if the first slope is increased, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is aggravated;
And if the first slope is kept stable, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is stable.
Optionally, in certain optional embodiments, the method further comprises:
recording the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in a plurality of charge and discharge periods, wherein one charge and discharge period corresponds to one charge energy and one discharge energy, the charge start SOC of one charge and discharge period is consistent with the discharge stop SOC, the charge start SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent, and the discharge stop SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent;
for any charge-discharge period, calculating the energy difference between the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in the charge-discharge period to obtain the energy change of the battery cluster in the charge-discharge period;
sequentially accumulating the energy changes of the charging and discharging periods together, accumulating the energy changes of one charging and discharging period each time, and accumulating each time to obtain corresponding accumulated change energy;
fitting and deriving the accumulated change energy and the cycle number of the corresponding accumulated charge-discharge cycle to obtain a second slope;
if the second slope increases, determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster decreases;
if the second slope remains stable, it is determined that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster remains stable.
The second aspect is an on-line monitoring device for the health degree of a battery cluster, comprising a data obtaining unit, a battery cluster calculating unit, a single cell calculating unit and an inconsistency determining unit;
The data obtaining unit is configured to obtain, from a battery management system, a working voltage of a battery cluster, a working current of the battery cluster, a working voltage of a first single battery cell, and a working current of the first single battery cell, where the working voltage is a voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is a current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in each single battery cell included in the battery cluster;
The battery cluster calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining the conversion energy of the battery cluster according to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, wherein the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process;
the single cell calculation unit is configured to calculate, according to the working voltage of the first single cell and the working current of the first single cell, a conversion energy of the first single cell, where the conversion energy of the first single cell is a charging energy of the first single cell in a charging process or a discharging energy of the first single cell in a discharging process;
The inconsistency determining unit is configured to determine an inconsistency of the individual cells of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first individual cells, where the inconsistency of the individual cells characterizes an inconsistency degree of performance of each individual cell of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first selection unit and a second selection unit;
The first selecting unit is configured to select, before the working voltage of the battery cluster, the working current of the battery cluster, the working voltage of a first single cell, and the working current of the first single cell are obtained from the battery management system, a single cell satisfying a first condition from each single cell included in the battery cluster as the first single cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is less than a preset operation threshold, where the first condition is that the voltage of the single cell is closest to the average voltage of all the single cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single cell is closest to the average capacity of all the single cells of the battery cluster;
And the second selecting unit is configured to select, from among the individual battery cells included in the battery cluster, the individual battery cell that satisfies a second condition as the first individual battery cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is greater than the preset operation threshold, where the second condition is that the temperature of the individual battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the individual battery cells of the battery cluster.
In a third aspect, a computer readable storage medium has a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for on-line monitoring of health of a battery cluster according to any one of the above.
The fourth aspect of the electronic equipment comprises at least one processor, at least one memory and a bus, wherein the at least one memory and the bus are connected with the processor, the processor and the memory are communicated with each other through the bus, and the processor is used for calling program instructions in the memory to execute the battery cluster health online monitoring method.
According to the technical scheme, the on-line monitoring method for the health of the battery cluster and the related device can obtain the working voltage of the battery cluster, the working current of the battery cluster, the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell from a battery management system, wherein the working voltage is the voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is the current in the charging process or the discharging process, the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in all single battery cells included in the battery cluster, the conversion energy of the battery cluster is calculated according to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process, the conversion energy of the first single battery cell is calculated according to the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell, the conversion energy of the first single battery cell is the conversion energy of the single battery cell in the charging process or the discharging process is inconsistent, and the conversion energy of the single battery cell is inconsistent with the discharge energy of the single battery cell in the charging process or the discharging process. Therefore, the invention can accurately judge the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster on line based on the data in the battery management system, and the calculation result is accurate and timely.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a first battery cluster health online monitoring method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scatter plot provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a second method for online monitoring of health of a battery cluster according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an on-line monitoring device for health of a battery cluster according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an on-line monitoring method for the health degree of a battery cluster, which comprises S100, S200, S300 and S400;
S100, obtaining working voltage of a battery cluster, working current of the battery cluster, working voltage of a first single battery cell and working current of the first single battery cell from a battery management system, wherein the working voltage is voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in all single battery cells included in the battery cluster;
optionally, in order to boost the voltage of the battery pack, the energy storage station connects a plurality of batteries in series to form a battery cluster, where one battery cluster often includes hundreds of batteries (also called single battery cells). Due to the series connection and the inconsistency between the cells, the cells of the same cluster have the same current, different voltages when operating. If there is no consistency difference between the batteries, the voltages of the batteries in the same cluster are identical at the time of operation.
Optionally, the battery management system can monitor the battery cluster and the operation condition of each single battery cell of the battery cluster, including charging voltage, charging current, discharging voltage, discharging current and the like. Therefore, the invention can directly obtain the corresponding parameters from the battery management system according to the actual needs, and the invention is not limited to the corresponding parameters.
Optionally, when the battery cluster is charged, the invention can obtain the charging voltage of the battery cluster, the charging current of the battery cluster, the charging voltage of the single battery cell and the charging current of the single battery cell, and when the battery cluster is discharged, the invention can obtain the discharging voltage of the battery cluster, the discharging current of the battery cluster, the discharging voltage of the single battery cell and the discharging current of the single battery cell, which is not limited by the invention.
Alternatively, the operating parameters (voltage and current) of the battery cluster and the operating parameters (voltage and current) of the cells require the same charge phase or the same discharge phase parameters, which can be recorded by the battery management system. For example, if the charging voltage and charging current of the battery cluster are obtained at 10:00-14:00, the charging voltage and charging current of the single battery cells at 10:00-14:00 must also be obtained.
Alternatively, as previously described, the cells of the same cluster have the same current, different voltages when operated due to the series connection and the inconsistency between the cells. Therefore, in order to judge the inconsistency between the single cells of the battery cluster, the invention can select one single cell from the battery cluster, and can judge the inconsistency between the single cells of the battery cluster through the operation parameters of the single cell and the operation parameters of the battery cluster.
That is, in certain alternative embodiments, prior to the step S100, the method further comprises steps 1.1 and 1.2;
Step 1.1, if the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the running time smaller than a preset running threshold, selecting a single battery cell meeting a first condition from all single battery cells included in the battery cluster as the first single battery cell, wherein the first condition is that the voltage of the single battery cell is closest to the average voltage of all single battery cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single battery cell is closest to the average capacity of all single battery cells of the battery cluster;
optionally, for a battery cluster with an operation time less than a preset operation threshold, the operation time is not long, and the battery cells have not been changed obviously. Thus, the present invention may select the first cell based on the first condition described above. That is, the unit cells satisfying the first condition from the battery cluster are regarded as the first unit cells.
Alternatively, the first condition is shown in formula 1, where u k and q k are respectively represented as the voltage and the capacity of the first single cell, i is the number of the single cells, the value ranges from 1 to n, n is the number of single cells included in the battery cluster, u i is the voltage of the ith single cell, and q i is the capacity of the ith single cell. Equation 1:
Step 1.2, if the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the operation time greater than the preset operation threshold, the battery cluster is put into operation for a longer time, and the battery cell may be obviously changed. Therefore, the single battery cell meeting the second condition can be selected from all the single battery cells included in the battery cluster to serve as the first single battery cell, wherein the second condition is that the temperature of the single battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster.
Alternatively, because of the strong correlation between battery aging and ambient temperature, the present invention may select the first cell according to the second condition for a battery cluster that has been operated for a certain period of time. Based on the second condition, the method can dynamically screen the first single battery cells according to a certain period, for example, the first single battery cells are reselected according to the second condition every month, so that the result is more accurate.
Optionally, the second condition is shown in formula 2, wherein t k is the temperature of the first single battery cell, t i is the temperature of the ith single battery cell, i is the number of the single battery cells, the value ranges from 1 to n, and n is the number of the single battery cells included in the battery cluster. Equation 2:
S200, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster according to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, wherein the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process;
Optionally, if the working voltage and the working current obtained in S100 are obtained during the charging process, that is, the working voltage is the charging voltage and the working current is the charging current, the charging energy in the charging process may be obtained by calculating according to the working voltage and the working current. Similarly, if the working voltage and the working current obtained in S100 are obtained during the discharging process, that is, the working voltage is the discharging voltage and the working current is the discharging current, the discharging energy during the discharging process may be obtained by calculating according to the working voltage and the working current.
That is, in certain alternative embodiments, the step S200 includes steps 2.1 and 2.2;
Step 2.1, calculating a first product of the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster;
And 2.2, carrying out fixed integral calculation on the first product to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster, wherein the upper integral limit of the fixed integral is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the battery cluster.
Optionally, the implementation process of step 2.1 and step 2.2 is shown in formula 3, where E is the conversion energy of the battery cluster, U (t) is the operating voltage of the battery cluster, I (t) is the operating current of the battery cluster, and t is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the battery cluster (if the charging voltage and the charging current are used, the duration of the charging process corresponds to the duration of the discharging process; if the discharging voltage and the discharging current are used, the duration of the discharging process corresponds to the duration of the discharging process). Equation 3:
S300, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell according to the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell, wherein the conversion energy of the first single battery cell is the charging energy of the first single battery cell in the charging process or the discharging energy of the first single battery cell in the discharging process;
For example, in certain alternative embodiments, the step S300 includes steps 3.1 and 3.2;
step 3.1, calculating a second product of the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell;
And 3.2, performing fixed integral calculation on the second product to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell, wherein the integral upper limit of the fixed integral is the duration time of the charging process or the discharging process of the first single battery cell.
Optionally, the implementation process of step 3.1 and step 3.2 is shown in formula 4, where e i is the conversion energy of the first single cell, u i (t) is the working voltage of the first single cell, I (t) is the working current of the first single cell, and t is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the first single cell (if the charging voltage and the charging current are used, the duration of the charging process is corresponding, and if the discharging voltage and the discharging current are used, the duration of the discharging process is corresponding). Equation 4:
S400, determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of conversion energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of conversion energies of the first cell, wherein the cell inconsistency represents the inconsistency degree of the performances of each cell of the battery cluster.
Alternatively, in combination with the foregoing formulas 3 and 4, since the individual cells are connected in series, the inconsistency between the individual cells is relatively small at the initial stage of operation or in an ideal case, and there is a relationship shown in formula 5. Equation 5: based on equation 5, the operation parameters of the battery cluster and the first single cell are monitored in real time, and a linear fitting is performed to obtain a functional relationship f (n×e i) =e, and the inconsistency of the battery cluster can be reflected by the rate of change of the linear relationship.
For example, in certain alternative embodiments, the step S400 includes steps 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3;
step 4.1, performing linear fitting and deriving on a plurality of conversion energies of the battery clusters and a plurality of conversion energies of the first single battery cells to obtain a first slope;
alternatively, the present invention may calculate a plurality of conversion energies of the battery clusters and a plurality of conversion energies of the first unit cells at different times. That is, the conversion energy of the corresponding battery cluster and the conversion energy of the first single battery cell are calculated at each moment, so that a plurality of conversion energies of the battery cluster and a plurality of conversion energies of the first single battery cell are obtained.
Step 4.2, if the first slope is increased, determining that the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster is aggravated;
and 4.3, if the first slope is kept stable, determining that the inconsistency of the single battery cells of the battery cluster is stable.
Optionally, besides determining the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster, the invention can also determine the energy efficiency of the battery cluster, and the health of the battery cluster can be reflected to a certain extent by the energy efficiency, which is not limited by the invention.
That is, in certain alternative embodiments, the method further comprises steps 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, and 5.6;
step 5.1, recording the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in a plurality of charge and discharge periods, wherein one charge and discharge period corresponds to one charge energy and one discharge energy, the charge start SOC of one charge and discharge period is consistent with the discharge stop SOC, the charge start SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent, and the discharge stop SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent;
Alternatively, it is generally considered that from the start of the current charge of the battery cluster to the time before the next charge of the battery cluster, it is understood that a charge-discharge cycle corresponds. In the energy storage field, the charging is generally stopped once started until the charging is satisfied, and then the discharging is performed according to the schedule, but the discharging process may be performed once or multiple times. That is, one charge-discharge cycle includes generally one charge process and at least one discharge process. For example, the battery cluster starts to charge from 20% SOC, starts to discharge from 90%, and after at least one discharge, the SOC drops back to 20% (or around 20%), and the whole process can be understood as a charge-discharge cycle, which is not limited by the present invention. SOC refers to state of charge and is an index used to quantify the remaining capacity of a battery.
In connection with the foregoing explanation, the battery cluster starts charging from SOC of 20%, at which time 20% SOC can be understood as the charge start SOC referred to herein, and SOC drops back to 20% (or around 20%), at which time 20% (or around 20%) SOC can be understood as the discharge cut-off SOC, to which the present invention is not limited.
Alternatively, in order to ensure the accuracy of the present invention, it is generally required that the charge start SOC be the same (e.g., all start charging from 20%) for each charge-discharge period, and the discharge stop SOC be the same (e.g., all discharge fall to 20% or around 20%) for each charge-discharge period, which the present invention is not limited to.
Step 5.2, aiming at any charge and discharge period, calculating the energy difference between the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in the charge and discharge period to obtain the energy change of the battery cluster in the charge and discharge period;
alternatively, the present invention may record the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster during each charge-discharge period and then calculate the energy difference, which the present invention is not limited to.
Alternatively, the charging energy is shown in formula 6, and the discharging energy is shown in formula 7. Equation 6: Equation 7: The invention is not limited in this regard.
Alternatively, the energy difference calculation process is as shown in equation 8. Equation 8:E d＝E Filling material -E Put and put . From this, it is clear that the smaller E d is, the smaller the energy loss is, and the higher the energy efficiency of the battery cluster is, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Step 5.3, sequentially accumulating the energy changes of the charging and discharging periods together, accumulating the energy changes of one charging and discharging period each time, and accumulating each time to obtain corresponding accumulated change energy;
Step 5.4, fitting and deriving the accumulated change energy and the cycle number of the corresponding accumulated charge-discharge cycle to obtain a second slope;
step 5.5, if the second slope is increased, determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster is reduced;
And step 5.6, if the second slope is kept stable, determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster is kept stable.
Alternatively, the energy storage station of the present invention charges at low peak power consumption, charges SOC from a to b, discharges at high peak power consumption, and may have multiple discharges, eventually causing SOC to drop from b to c (c is typically equal or close to a), and so on. The energy differences E d of each cycle are accumulated, the value is set as E sum to form a combined characteristic point (m, E sum) of the cycle times m and E sum, the function f (m, E sum) is linearly fitted to obtain a second slope, and a schematic scatter diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 2 below.
Alternatively, if the start-stop SOCs are the same in one charge-discharge cycle due to loss, E Filling material ＞E Put and put , i.e., E d is greater than 0. The value of E sum will remain linearly increasing as the cycle progresses. The change of the second slope is recorded as the charge-discharge cycle proceeds, and if the second slope is kept stable, it indicates that the health of the battery cluster is good, and if the second slope is increased, it indicates that the energy efficiency is decreased.
Alternatively, if the SOC is charged from 10% to 90% and discharged from 90% to 50% in one period when the abnormal condition exists, this time E d is larger, and as viewed from the scatter diagram, E sum is suddenly increased. In the next charge-discharge cycle, since the initial SOC is 50%, E d is negative, E sum is lowered, and the scatter diagram shows a peak and an extreme point. The extreme point as a whole does not affect the second slope. That is, the calculation of the second slope is not affected by the abnormal condition, and the abnormal condition can be quickly identified from the scatter plot spike condition, such as the spike in FIG. 2.
Optionally, the normal working condition means that the charging and discharging of the energy storage station are performed according to a plan, for example, the charging is performed from 4% SOC to 96% SOC, and then the discharging is performed to 4% SOC, and the above steps are repeated. Typically one charge and multiple discharges. That is, under normal conditions, one cycle battery SOC experienced 4a change of-96% -4%. Because the battery has a loss, the charge amount is always larger than the discharge amount although the start-stop SOC in the cycle is the same. Abnormal conditions are, for example, when charging, the battery is charged from 4% to 96%, but when discharging, the battery is discharged from 96% to 50%, and then the next charging is started from 50%. Then, in this period, the SOC of the battery varies by 4% -96% -50%, so that the charge amount of the battery is much larger than the discharge amount, resulting in a sudden increase in the accumulated value of the energy difference, which is a bump if plotted as a graph. The next cycle, the battery change was 50% -96% -4%, it is obvious that the charge capacity of the battery is much smaller than the discharge capacity, the energy difference is negative, and the accumulated value is reduced. From the graph, the peak is formed by one drop and one up and one down, and the peak is easy to observe. The abnormal working condition is not a problem of the battery, and the abnormal working condition can assist a power station worker to observe whether the battery normally operates, such as whether the battery stops discharging accidentally.
Optionally, in order to further clearly describe the solution of the present invention, the present invention provides a flowchart shown in fig. 3, and the content in fig. 3 is referred to the foregoing explanation, which is not repeated herein.
In conclusion, the method and the device can accurately judge the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster on line based on the data in the battery management system, and the calculation result is accurate and timely. The data can be directly obtained from the battery management system without other devices, the required data amount is small, and only the data of the first single battery cell and the battery cluster are required to be selected.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention provides an on-line monitoring device for health of a battery cluster, comprising a data obtaining unit 100, a battery cluster calculating unit 200, a unit cell calculating unit 300, and an inconsistency determining unit 400;
The data obtaining unit 100 is configured to obtain, from a battery management system, an operating voltage of a battery cluster, an operating current of the battery cluster, an operating voltage of a first unit cell, and an operating current of the first unit cell, where the operating voltage is a voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the operating current is a current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first unit cell is one unit cell of all unit cells included in the battery cluster;
The battery cluster calculating unit 200 is configured to calculate, according to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, a converted energy of the battery cluster, where the converted energy of the battery cluster is a charging energy of the battery cluster in a charging process or a discharging energy of the battery cluster in a discharging process;
the single-cell calculation unit 300 is configured to calculate, according to the working voltage of the first single cell and the working current of the first single cell, a conversion energy of the first single cell, where the conversion energy of the first single cell is a charging energy of the first single cell in a charging process or a discharging energy of the first single cell in a discharging process;
The inconsistency determining unit 400 is configured to determine a cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first single cells, where the cell inconsistency characterizes a degree of inconsistency of performance of each single cell of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a first selection unit and a second selection unit;
The first selecting unit is configured to select, before the working voltage of the battery cluster, the working current of the battery cluster, the working voltage of a first single cell, and the working current of the first single cell are obtained from the battery management system, a single cell satisfying a first condition from each single cell included in the battery cluster as the first single cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is less than a preset operation threshold, where the first condition is that the voltage of the single cell is closest to the average voltage of all the single cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single cell is closest to the average capacity of all the single cells of the battery cluster;
And the second selecting unit is configured to select, from among the individual battery cells included in the battery cluster, the individual battery cell that satisfies a second condition as the first individual battery cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is greater than the preset operation threshold, where the second condition is that the temperature of the individual battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the individual battery cells of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the battery cluster calculating unit 200 includes a first product unit and a first integration unit;
the first product unit is used for calculating a first product of the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster;
The first integration unit is configured to perform a fixed integration calculation on the first product to obtain the converted energy of the battery cluster, where an upper integration limit of the fixed integration is a duration of a charging process or a discharging process of the battery cluster.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the single cell computing unit 300 includes a second product unit and a second integration unit;
the second product unit is used for calculating a second product of the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell;
the second integration unit is configured to perform a fixed integration calculation on the second product to obtain the converted energy of the first single battery cell, where an upper limit of integration of the fixed integration is a duration of a charging process or a discharging process of the first single battery cell.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the inconsistency determining unit 400 includes a first slope unit, a first result unit, and a second result unit;
the first slope unit is used for performing linear fitting and deriving on the plurality of conversion energies of the battery clusters and the plurality of conversion energies of the first single battery cells to obtain a first slope;
the first result unit is configured to determine that the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster is aggravated if the first slope increases;
And the second result unit is used for determining that the inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster is stable if the first slope is kept stable.
Optionally, in some optional embodiments, the apparatus further comprises an energy recording unit, an energy difference calculating unit, an energy accumulating unit, a second slope unit, a third result unit, and a fourth result unit;
The energy recording unit is used for recording the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in a plurality of charge and discharge periods, wherein one charge and discharge period corresponds to one charge energy and one discharge energy, the charge start SOC of one charge and discharge period is consistent with the discharge stop SOC, the charge start SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent, and the discharge stop SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent;
The energy difference calculating unit is used for calculating the energy difference between the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in the charge and discharge period aiming at any charge and discharge period to obtain the energy change of the battery cluster in the charge and discharge period;
The energy accumulation unit is used for accumulating the energy changes of the charging and discharging periods together in sequence, accumulating the energy changes of one charging and discharging period each time, and accumulating to obtain corresponding accumulated change energy each time;
the second slope unit is configured to fit and derive each accumulated change energy and a cycle number corresponding to the accumulated charge-discharge cycle, so as to obtain a second slope;
The third result unit is used for determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster is reduced if the second slope is increased;
and the fourth result unit is used for determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster is stable if the second slope is stable.
The invention provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for monitoring the health of a battery cluster on line.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention provides an electronic device 70, where the electronic device 70 includes at least one processor 701, and at least one memory 702 and a bus 703 connected to the processor 701, where the processor 701 and the memory 702 complete communication with each other through the bus 703, and the processor 701 is configured to call program instructions in the memory 702 to execute the method for online monitoring of health of a battery cluster according to any one of the above.
In the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a related manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The on-line monitoring method for the health degree of the battery cluster is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining a working voltage of a battery cluster, a working current of the battery cluster, a working voltage of a first single battery cell and a working current of the first single battery cell from a battery management system, wherein the working voltage is a voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is a current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in all single battery cells included in the battery cluster;
According to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster, wherein the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process;
According to the working voltage of the first single battery cell and the working current of the first single battery cell, calculating to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell, wherein the conversion energy of the first single battery cell is the charging energy of the first single battery cell in the charging process or the discharging energy of the first single battery cell in the discharging process;
Determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first cell, wherein the cell inconsistency represents the inconsistency degree of the performance of each cell of the battery cluster;
wherein, the determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first cell includes:
performing linear fitting and deriving on the multiple conversion energies of the battery cluster and the multiple conversion energies of the first single battery cell to obtain a first slope;
if the first slope is increased, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is aggravated;
And if the first slope is kept stable, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is stable.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to obtaining the operating voltage of the battery cluster, the operating current of the battery cluster, the operating voltage of the first cell, and the operating current of the first cell from the battery management system, the method further comprises:
If the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the operation time smaller than a preset operation threshold, selecting a single battery cell meeting a first condition from all single battery cells included in the battery cluster as the first single battery cell, wherein the first condition is that the voltage of the single battery cell is closest to the average voltage of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single battery cell is closest to the average capacity of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster;
And if the battery cluster is a battery cluster with the running time being longer than the preset running threshold, selecting a single battery cell meeting a second condition from all single battery cells included in the battery cluster as the first single battery cell, wherein the second condition is that the temperature of the single battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the single battery cells of the battery cluster.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the converted energy of the battery cluster based on the operating voltage of the battery cluster and the operating current of the battery cluster comprises:
Calculating a first product of an operating voltage of the battery cluster and an operating current of the battery cluster;
And carrying out fixed integral calculation on the first product to obtain the conversion energy of the battery cluster, wherein the upper integral limit of the fixed integral is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the battery cluster.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the converted energy of the first cell based on the operating voltage of the first cell and the operating current of the first cell comprises:
calculating a second product of the operating voltage of the first single cell and the operating current of the first single cell;
and carrying out fixed integral calculation on the second product to obtain the conversion energy of the first single battery cell, wherein the upper limit of the integral of the fixed integral is the duration of the charging process or the discharging process of the first single battery cell.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
recording the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in a plurality of charge and discharge periods, wherein one charge and discharge period corresponds to one charge energy and one discharge energy, the charge start SOC of one charge and discharge period is consistent with the discharge stop SOC, the charge start SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent, and the discharge stop SOCs of different charge and discharge periods are consistent;
for any charge-discharge period, calculating the energy difference between the charge energy and the discharge energy of the battery cluster in the charge-discharge period to obtain the energy change of the battery cluster in the charge-discharge period;
sequentially accumulating the energy changes of the charging and discharging periods together, accumulating the energy changes of one charging and discharging period each time, and accumulating each time to obtain corresponding accumulated change energy;
fitting and deriving the accumulated change energy and the cycle number of the corresponding accumulated charge-discharge cycle to obtain a second slope;
if the second slope increases, determining that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster decreases;
if the second slope remains stable, it is determined that the energy efficiency of the battery cluster remains stable.
6. The on-line monitoring device for the health degree of the battery cluster is characterized by comprising a data acquisition unit, a battery cluster calculation unit, a single cell calculation unit and an inconsistency determination unit;
The data obtaining unit is configured to obtain, from a battery management system, a working voltage of a battery cluster, a working current of the battery cluster, a working voltage of a first single battery cell, and a working current of the first single battery cell, where the working voltage is a voltage in a charging process or a discharging process, the working current is a current in the charging process or the discharging process, and the first single battery cell is one single battery cell in each single battery cell included in the battery cluster;
The battery cluster calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining the conversion energy of the battery cluster according to the working voltage of the battery cluster and the working current of the battery cluster, wherein the conversion energy of the battery cluster is the charging energy of the battery cluster in the charging process or the discharging energy of the battery cluster in the discharging process;
the single cell calculation unit is configured to calculate, according to the working voltage of the first single cell and the working current of the first single cell, a conversion energy of the first single cell, where the conversion energy of the first single cell is a charging energy of the first single cell in a charging process or a discharging energy of the first single cell in a discharging process;
the inconsistency determining unit is configured to determine an inconsistency of the single cells of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first single cells, where the inconsistency of the single cells characterizes an inconsistency degree of performance of each single cell of the battery cluster;
wherein, the determining the cell inconsistency of the battery cluster according to the plurality of converted energies of the battery cluster and the plurality of converted energies of the first cell includes:
performing linear fitting and deriving on the multiple conversion energies of the battery cluster and the multiple conversion energies of the first single battery cell to obtain a first slope;
if the first slope is increased, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is aggravated;
And if the first slope is kept stable, determining that the single cell inconsistency of the battery cluster is stable.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a first selection unit and a second selection unit;
The first selecting unit is configured to select, before the working voltage of the battery cluster, the working current of the battery cluster, the working voltage of a first single cell, and the working current of the first single cell are obtained from the battery management system, a single cell satisfying a first condition from each single cell included in the battery cluster as the first single cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is less than a preset operation threshold, where the first condition is that the voltage of the single cell is closest to the average voltage of all the single cells of the battery cluster and the capacity of the single cell is closest to the average capacity of all the single cells of the battery cluster;
And the second selecting unit is configured to select, from among the individual battery cells included in the battery cluster, the individual battery cell that satisfies a second condition as the first individual battery cell if the battery cluster is a battery cluster whose operation time is greater than the preset operation threshold, where the second condition is that the temperature of the individual battery cell is closest to the average temperature of all the individual battery cells of the battery cluster.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, wherein the program when executed by a processor implements the battery cluster health online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises at least one processor, at least one memory and a bus, wherein the at least one memory and the bus are connected with the processor, the processor and the memory are used for completing communication with each other through the bus, and the processor is used for calling program instructions in the memory to execute the battery cluster health on-line monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN118457365A (en) * | 2024-07-10 | 2024-08-09 | 苏州思道尔新能源科技有限公司 | A battery energy storage method based on BMS balanced battery management control system |
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