CN118654025A - A fan control system and control method for mining - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system and a control method for a mining fan, which relate to the technical field of automatic control, and solve the technical problems that it is difficult to set the initial rotation speed of the fan according to personnel and environmental conditions within the effective working range of the fan, and it is difficult to smoothly adjust the rotation speed of the fan according to changes in the environment to ensure the stability of air volume switching in the fan control. The invention obtains personnel information and environmental parameters within the effective working range of the fan; analyzes the personnel information to obtain a personnel trigger factor, analyzes the environmental parameters to obtain an environmental trigger factor, and sets the initial rotation speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor; starts the fan based on the initial rotation speed and obtains real-time environmental parameters, obtains a rotation speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjusts the speed of the fan in real time based on the rotation speed adjustment factor. The invention can automatically adjust the ventilation volume according to the environmental factors of the mine, thereby improving the safety of the workers' operations.

Description

A fan control system and control method for mining

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of mine engineering and relates to automatic control technology, in particular to a fan control system and a control method for mining.

Background Art

In the mining production environment, using fans to ventilate mines is an important means to ensure the air quality of mines, prevent gas accumulation, reduce dust concentration, and avoid excessive toxic and harmful gases. However, traditional fan control often relies on manual operation, and there are problems such as unstable start and stop, inaccurate air volume control, and inability to respond to environmental changes in real time. This not only reduces ventilation efficiency, but also increases safety risks. Therefore, more and more fans are equipped with automatic control systems to control the fans to adjust the environmental quality in the mine.

At present, most fan control systems used in mining find it difficult to set the initial speed of the fan according to the personnel and environmental conditions within the effective working range of the fan. Instead, the initial speed of the fan is set based on fixed settings or experience settings, resulting in the initial speed of the fan blades not matching the currently required ventilation volume, causing energy waste and increased safety hazards. At the same time, most fan control systems used in mining find it difficult to smoothly adjust the fan speed according to environmental changes to ensure the stability of air volume switching, resulting in possible air volume fluctuations in the switching speed, which affects mining production.

Therefore, the present invention discloses a mining fan control system and a control method, which are used to solve the above technical problems.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art; to this end, the present invention proposes a control system and a control method for a mining fan, which are used to solve the technical problems that it is difficult to set the initial speed of the fan according to the personnel and environmental conditions within the effective working range of the fan, and it is difficult to smoothly adjust the speed of the fan according to the changes in the environment to ensure the stability of the air volume switching. The present invention analyzes the personnel information within the effective working range of the fan to obtain a personnel trigger factor, analyzes the environmental parameters within the effective working range of the fan to obtain an environmental trigger factor, sets the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor; starts the fan based on the initial speed and obtains real-time environmental parameters, obtains the speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjusts the speed of the fan in real time based on the speed adjustment factor to solve the above problems.

To achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a mining fan control system, comprising: a fan control module, and a data acquisition module, a safety monitoring module and a database connected thereto;

The data acquisition module is used to obtain basic information within the effective working range of the fan; wherein the effective working range is obtained through the digital twin model; the basic information includes personnel information and environmental parameters; the personnel information includes the number of personnel and the location of personnel; the environmental parameters include the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature, and characteristic humidity; the target gas is obtained by manual selection;

The fan control module is used to analyze personnel information to obtain personnel trigger factors, analyze environmental parameters to obtain environmental trigger factors, set the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factors and the environmental trigger factors; start the fan based on the initial speed and obtain real-time environmental parameters, obtain the speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjust the speed of the fan in real time based on the speed adjustment factor;

The safety monitoring module is used to monitor the rotation speed of the fan and the gas concentration within the effective working range, and perform safe operations based on the real-time rotation speed and the surrounding gas concentration.

In the present invention, the personnel trigger factor is obtained by analyzing the personnel information. This step is used to analyze the initial fan speed required for the number of personnel in the current effective working range and the location of the personnel, providing basic data support for the subsequent adjustment of the fan speed; the environmental parameters are analyzed to obtain the environmental trigger factor. This step is used to analyze the initial fan speed required for the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature and characteristic humidity in the current effective working range, providing basic data support for the subsequent adjustment of the fan speed. In the present invention, the speed adjustment factor is obtained through real-time environmental parameters, and the fan is adjusted in real time based on the speed adjustment factor. These two steps enable the fan to automatically adjust the ventilation volume according to the real-time environmental factors of the mine, thereby improving the adaptability of the system and the safety of the staff's operations.

It should be noted that the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor are only involved in designing the initial speed of the fan.

Preferably, the obtaining of basic information within the effective working range of the fan includes:

The personnel positioning device is used to determine whether there are any staff members within the effective working range of the fan; if yes, the number of staff members and the positions of each staff member are obtained, and the number of staff members and the positions of the staff members are stored in the database; if no, no operation is performed;

The average temperature PW within the effective working range is obtained through several temperature sensors, and the highest temperature GW and the lowest temperature DW recorded by several temperature sensors are extracted; the characteristic temperature ZW within the effective working range of the current fan is obtained based on the formula ZW=(α1×GW+α2×DW+PW)/2; wherein α1 and α2 are both proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and α1+α2=1, α1≥α2;

The average humidity PS within the effective working range is obtained through several humidity monitors, and the highest humidity GS and the lowest humidity DS recorded by several humidity monitors are extracted; the characteristic humidity ZS within the effective working range of the current fan is obtained based on the formula ZS=(β1×GS+β2×DS+PS)/2; wherein β1 and β2 are both proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and β1+β2=1, β1≥β2;

The maximum concentration of the target gas within the effective working range is obtained through a plurality of gas concentration detection devices, and the maximum concentration of the target gas is marked as the target gas concentration.

Preferably, the effective working range is obtained through a digital twin model, including:

Obtain a three-dimensional scan of the environment around the fan, and construct a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional scan; extract the three-dimensional model and equipment information of the environment around the fan; wherein the equipment information includes the appearance characteristics and physical characteristics of the fan;

Build a wind turbine equipment model based on equipment information, and build a simulation scene based on the 3D model; combine the equipment model and simulation scene to generate a digital twin model with an effective range;

The standard speed is input into the effective range digital twin model to obtain the effective working range of the current fan; the effective working range is the range that the wind blown by the fan can reach, and the standard speed is obtained through artificial design.

Preferably, the analyzing of personnel information to obtain personnel trigger factors includes:

Extract the positions of each staff member within the effective working range, mark the position of the staff member with the farthest straight-line distance from the fan as the comparison position, and obtain the straight-line distance ZL between the comparison position and the fan; obtain the distance YJL between the point farthest from the fan in the effective working range and the fan;

Extract the number of staff R within the effective working range, and obtain the staff trigger factor RYZ based on the formula RYZ=γ×ln(ZL/YJL+1)×(R/BR); where BR is the standard number of staff within the current effective working range, γ is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and the value range of γ is (0,1]; ln() is a logarithmic function with the natural number e as the base.

It is worth noting that when the staff is far away from the fan, the fan needs a higher speed to blow the wind to the staff's location, or the more staff there are in the effective working range, the higher the fan speed needs. Therefore, the personnel trigger factor established in this step combines the number of staff and the location of the staff farthest from the fan within the effective range to obtain the personnel trigger factor. Using the personnel trigger factor as an influencing factor of the staff on the fan speed can enable the initial fan speed to be adaptively set according to the personnel situation in the current effective working area, thereby improving the adaptability of the system.

Preferably, the analyzing of environmental parameters to obtain environmental triggering factors includes:

A1: Extract the target gas concentration QN within the effective working range, and determine whether the target gas concentration QN exceeds the set target gas concentration threshold BQN; if yes, mark the environmental trigger factor as 1; if no, jump to A2;

A2: extract the characteristic temperature ZW within the effective working range, and determine whether the characteristic temperature ZW exceeds the set characteristic temperature threshold BW; if yes, mark the environmental trigger factor as 1; if no, jump to A3;

A3: Extract the target gas concentration QN, characteristic temperature ZW, and characteristic humidity ZS within the effective working range, and obtain the environmental trigger factor HYZ based on the formula HYZ=ρ1×(exp(QN/BQN)-1)+ρ2×(exp(ZW/BW)-1)+ρ3×ln(ZS/BS+1); where ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and BS is the manually set characteristic humidity threshold.

It is worth noting that the present invention obtains the environmental trigger factor by calculating the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature, and characteristic humidity within the effective working range. The obtained environmental trigger factor can be used for subsequent analysis of the air volume required by the environmental parameters of the current mine. When the environmental parameters are unqualified, a larger environmental trigger factor is required to design the initial rotation speed. When the environmental parameters are qualified, a smaller trigger factor is required to design the initial rotation speed.

Preferably, the setting of the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor includes:

Extract the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors of the current fan from the database, use the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors as training data, and use the historical initial speeds corresponding to the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors as test data; use the training data to train the artificial intelligence model, use the test data to test the trained artificial intelligence model, and adjust the parameters of the artificial intelligence model according to the test results to obtain a speed matching model with the input of the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor and the output of the initial speed; wherein the artificial intelligence model is obtained through a BP neural network, and can also be obtained through a deep belief network;

The personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ of the current fan are extracted, and the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ are input into the speed matching model to obtain the initial speed of the current fan for this startup.

It should be noted that the training data is the data collected when the current fan is started historically; the test data corresponding to the training data is obtained by manual identification.

The present invention obtains the initial speed of the current fan at this startup by performing intelligent model simulation on the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ of the current fan, thereby providing initial data support for subsequent speed control of the fan.

Preferably, obtaining the speed adjustment factor through real-time environmental parameters includes:

Obtain the target gas concentration QN _i , characteristic temperature ZW _i , characteristic humidity ZS _i of the current detection times, and the target gas concentration QN _i-1 , characteristic temperature ZW _i-1 , characteristic humidity ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; wherein the time interval between the two detection times is obtained by manual setting;

The speed adjustment factor ZTY i is obtained based on the formula ZTY _i =μ×exp(δ1×(1+(QN _i -QN _i-1 )/QN i- ₁ )+δ2×(1+(ZW _i -ZW _{i- 1} )/ZW i-1 )+δ3×(1+(ZS _i -ZS _i-1 )/ZS _i-1 )-1 ₎ ; wherein i is the number of detections, μ is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and the value range of μ is (0,1]; δ1, δ2, and δ3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0.

It is worth noting that the present application obtains environmental changes including target gas concentration, characteristic temperature and characteristic humidity by comparing the environmental parameters of the current number of detections with the environmental parameters of the previous number of detections. The speed adjustment factor obtained by combining and analyzing the environmental changes of the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature and characteristic humidity is a comprehensive influencing factor that can adapt to the current environmental changes. The obtained speed adjustment factor can enable the present system to adapt to situations where a certain environmental parameter changes in a small amplitude or a certain environmental parameter changes in a fast speed, thereby improving the adaptability of the present system.

Preferably, the real-time speed regulation of the fan based on the speed regulation factor includes:

Extract the speed adjustment factor ZTY _i of the current detection times and the fan speed ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; obtain the current real-time speed SZS _i of the fan based on the formula SZS _i =ZTY _i ×ZS _i- 1;

The fan speed is adjusted in real time based on the real-time speed SZS _i .

It is worth noting that the present application first obtains the initial speed of the fan through the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor, because the initial speed is the fan speed that is most suitable for the current effective range, the second fan speed will be obtained by adding the speed adjustment factor on the basis of the initial speed for analysis, and the hth fan speed will be obtained by adding the speed adjustment factor on the basis of the h-1th fan speed for analysis, so the speed adjustment factor can make the fan speed fluctuate in a suitable range based on the previous fan speed; on the basis of the initial speed, the environmental parameters at each detection are compared with the environmental parameters of the last detection, and the influence of the blowing volume on the environmental parameters within the effective working range under the condition of the last fan speed is obtained, and the working effect of the fan is inferred from this influence. When all the values in the environmental parameters are reduced, it means that the working effect of the current fan is good, and the obtained speed adjustment factor will be reduced, further slowing down the fan speed between the current detection and the next detection; when all the values in the environmental parameters are increased, it means that the working effect of the current fan is not good, and the obtained speed adjustment factor will increase, further speeding up the fan speed between the current detection and the next detection. The present invention can automatically adjust the ventilation volume according to the real-time environmental factors of the mine, thereby improving the adaptability of the system and the safety of workers' operations; wherein the 2nd, hth, and h-1th are only used to indicate the corresponding record times when the fan speed is adjusted.

Preferably, the safe operation based on the real-time rotation speed and the surrounding gas concentration includes:

Extract the real-time speed and determine whether the real-time speed exceeds the speed threshold; if yes, adjust the current real-time speed value to the speed threshold; if no, do nothing;

Extract the highest gas concentration value detected within the effective working range and determine whether the highest gas concentration value exceeds the gas threshold; if yes, issue an alarm; if no, do nothing.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a mining fan, comprising the following steps:

S1: Obtain basic information within the effective working range of the fan;

S2: Analyze personnel information to obtain personnel trigger factors, analyze environmental parameters to obtain environmental trigger factors, set the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factors and the environmental trigger factors; start the fan based on the initial speed and obtain real-time environmental parameters, obtain the speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjust the fan speed in real time based on the speed adjustment factor;

S3: Monitor the fan speed and gas concentration within the effective working range, and perform safe operations based on the real-time speed and surrounding gas concentration.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention obtains a personnel trigger factor by analyzing the personnel information within the effective working range of the fan, obtains an environmental trigger factor by analyzing the environmental parameters within the effective working range of the fan, and sets the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor; starts the fan based on the initial speed and obtains real-time environmental parameters, obtains a speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjusts the speed of the fan in real time based on the speed adjustment factor, thereby solving the technical problems of being difficult to set the initial speed of the fan according to the personnel and environmental conditions within the effective working range of the fan, and being difficult to smoothly adjust the speed of the fan according to changes in the environment to ensure the stability of the air volume switching, thereby improving the degree of automation of the fan and increasing the safety of the workers' production environment.

2. When the staff is far away from the fan, the fan needs a higher speed to blow wind to the staff's location, or the more staff there are in the effective working range, the higher the fan needs to rotate. Therefore, the personnel trigger factor established in the present invention combines the number of staff and the location of the staff farthest from the fan within the effective range to obtain the personnel trigger factor. The personnel trigger factor is used as an influencing factor of the staff on the fan speed, which can enable the initial fan speed to be adaptively set according to the personnel situation in the current effective working area, thereby improving the adaptability of the system.

3. This application first obtains the initial speed of the fan through the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor, because the initial speed is the fan speed that is most suitable for the current effective range. The second fan speed will be obtained by adding the speed adjustment factor on the basis of the initial speed for analysis, and the hth fan speed will be obtained by adding the speed adjustment factor on the basis of the h-1th fan speed for analysis. Therefore, the speed adjustment factor can make the fan speed fluctuate in a suitable range based on the previous fan speed; on the basis of the initial speed, the environmental parameters at each detection are compared with the environmental parameters of the last detection, and the influence of the blowing volume on the environmental parameters within the effective working range under the condition of the last fan speed is obtained, and the working effect of the fan is inferred from this influence. When all the values in the environmental parameters are reduced, it means that the working effect of the current fan is good, and the obtained speed adjustment factor will be reduced, further slowing down the fan speed between the current detection and the next detection; when all the values in the environmental parameters are increased, it means that the working effect of the current fan is not good, and the obtained speed adjustment factor will increase, further speeding up the fan speed between the current detection and the next detection. The present invention can automatically adjust the ventilation volume according to the real-time environmental factors of the mine, thereby improving the adaptability of the system and the safety of the workers' operations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation steps of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a system module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation steps of obtaining environmental triggering factors according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1-FIG 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a mining fan control system, including: a fan control module, and a data acquisition module, a safety monitoring module and a database connected thereto;

Data acquisition module: used to obtain basic information within the effective working range of the fan; the effective working range is obtained through the digital twin model; the basic information includes personnel information and environmental parameters; the personnel information includes the number of personnel and the location of personnel; the environmental parameters include the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature, and characteristic humidity; the target gas is obtained through manual selection;

Fan control module: used to analyze personnel information to obtain personnel trigger factors, analyze environmental parameters to obtain environmental trigger factors, set the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factors and environmental trigger factors; start the fan based on the initial speed and obtain real-time environmental parameters, obtain the speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjust the fan speed in real time based on the speed adjustment factor;

Safety monitoring module: used to monitor the fan speed and gas concentration within the effective working range, and perform safe operations based on the real-time speed and surrounding gas concentration.

It should be noted that the target gas in this application is used to analyze the environmental trigger factor and obtain the speed adjustment factor, and the gas used in the safety monitoring module is used to protect the fan from explosion and other safety accidents when it is turned on; among them, the target gas includes carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide.

For example, in this embodiment, there are 5 workers in the effective working range, who are 22m, 16m, 19m, 20m, and 29m away from the wind turbine respectively;

The effective range digital twin model obtains the effective working range of the current fan, obtains the average temperature PW=30°C within the effective working range through several temperature sensors, extracts the highest temperature GW=35°C and the lowest temperature DW=26°C recorded by several temperature sensors; obtains the characteristic temperature ZW=30.7°C within the effective working range of the current fan based on the formula ZW=(α1×GW+α2×DW+PW)/2=(0.6×35+0.4×26+30)/2=30.7°C; wherein, in this embodiment, the value of α1 is set to 0.6, and the value of α2 is set to 0.4;

The average humidity PS=60% within the effective working range is obtained through several humidity monitors, and the highest humidity GS=65% and the lowest humidity DS=52% recorded by several humidity monitors are extracted; based on the formula ZS=(β1×GS+β2×DS+PS)/2=(0.5×65%+0.5×52%+60%)/2=59.2%, the characteristic humidity ZS=59.2% within the effective working range of the current fan is obtained;

The maximum concentration of the target gas within the effective working range is obtained by using a plurality of gas concentration detection devices, and the maximum concentration of the target gas is marked as the target gas concentration; wherein the value of the target gas concentration is 0.9%; it should be noted that the unit of the target gas concentration in this embodiment is %, which represents the percentage of the volume of a certain gas contained in a certain volume of air;

The position of the person who is farthest from the fan in a straight line is marked as the comparison position, and the straight-line distance between the comparison position and the fan is obtained as ZL=29m, and the distance between the farthest point from the fan in the effective working range and the fan is obtained as YJL=50m;

Extract the number of staff members R=5 within the effective working range, and obtain the staff trigger factor RYZ based on the formula RYZ=γ×ln(ZL/YJL+1)×(R/BR)=γ×ln(29/50+1)×(5/15); wherein, in this embodiment, the standard number of staff members BR=15 within the current effective working range;

The target gas concentration QN=0.9% within the effective working range is extracted. Since the target gas concentration QN does not exceed the set target gas concentration threshold BQN=1.5%, and the characteristic temperature ZW does not exceed the set characteristic temperature threshold BW=35°C, the environmental trigger factor HYZ is obtained based on HYZ=ρ1×(exp(0.9%/1.5%)-1)+ρ2×(exp(30.7°C/35°C)-1)+ρ3×ln(59.2%/70%+1); wherein, in this embodiment, the characteristic humidity threshold BS=70%, and in this embodiment, ρ1＞ρ2＞ρ3;

Extract the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ of the current fan, input the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ into the speed matching model to obtain the initial speed of the current fan for this startup;

Obtain the target gas concentration QN _i , characteristic temperature ZW _i , characteristic humidity ZS _i of the current detection times, and the target gas concentration QN _i-1 , characteristic temperature ZW _i-1 , characteristic humidity ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; wherein the time interval between the two detection times is obtained by manual setting; in this embodiment, the time interval is set to 30 minutes;

The speed adjustment factor ZTY i is obtained based on the formula ZTY _i =μ×exp(δ1×(1+(QN _i -QN _i-1 )/QN i- ₁ )+δ2×(1+(ZW _i -ZW _{i- 1} )/ZW i-1 )+δ3×(1+(ZS _i -ZS _i-1 )/ZS _i-1 ) _-1 ); wherein i is the number of detections, μ is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and the value range of μ is (0,1]; δ1, δ2, and δ3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0; in this embodiment, δ1＞δ2＞δ3;

Extract the speed adjustment factor ZTY _i of the current detection times and the fan speed ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; obtain the current real-time speed SZS _i of the fan based on the formula SZS _i =ZTY _i ×ZS _i-1 .

It should be noted that, in the present application, the initial rotation speed of the fan refers to the initial rotation speed of the fan blades, and the real-time speed regulation of the fan refers to the real-time speed regulation of the fan blades.

This application obtains basic information within the effective working range of the fan, including:

The personnel positioning device is used to determine whether there are any staff members within the effective working range of the fan; if yes, the number of staff members and the positions of each staff member are obtained, and the number of staff members and the positions of the staff members are stored in the database; if no, no operation is performed;

The average temperature PW within the effective working range is obtained through several temperature sensors, and the highest temperature GW and the lowest temperature DW recorded by several temperature sensors are extracted; the characteristic temperature ZW within the effective working range of the current fan is obtained based on the formula ZW=(α1×GW+α2×DW+PW)/2; wherein α1 and α2 are both proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and α1+α2=1, α1≥α2;

The average humidity PS within the effective working range is obtained through several humidity monitors, and the highest humidity GS and the lowest humidity DS recorded by several humidity monitors are extracted; the characteristic humidity ZS within the effective working range of the current fan is obtained based on the formula ZS=(β1×GS+β2×DS+PS)/2; wherein β1 and β2 are both proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and β1+β2=1, β1≥β2;

The maximum concentration of the target gas within the effective working range is obtained through a plurality of gas concentration detection devices, and the maximum concentration of the target gas is marked as the target gas concentration.

It should be noted that the personnel positioning device includes mine-specific GPS locators, acoustic wave locators and ultra-wideband positioning devices; the gas concentration detection device includes mining gas detectors and toxic and harmful gas detectors.

It should be noted that in the present application, in the analysis of the concentration, temperature and humidity of the target gas, only the characteristic values of temperature and humidity are obtained, while the gas concentration is analyzed using the highest concentration. This is because: the impact of temperature and humidity on the staff is an impact on the body's perception, and the local maximum temperature or humidity does not affect the entire effective working range. Therefore, the characteristic values of temperature and humidity are first extracted for the effective working range, and then the characteristic values are analyzed to obtain the fan speed that can adapt to the entire effective working range, which reduces the safety impact of temperature and humidity while also improving the benefits brought by the fan speed; and the concentration of the target gas will directly cause harm to the staff, regardless of whether the target gas exists in other areas of the effective range, as long as there is a high concentration of the target gas in one area, a safety accident may occur.

The effective working range in this application is obtained through the digital twin model, including:

Obtain a three-dimensional scan of the environment around the fan, and construct a three-dimensional model based on the three-dimensional scan; extract the three-dimensional model and equipment information of the environment around the fan; wherein the equipment information includes the appearance characteristics and physical characteristics of the fan;

Build a wind turbine equipment model based on equipment information, and build a simulation scene based on the 3D model; combine the equipment model and simulation scene to generate a digital twin model with an effective range;

Input the standard speed into the effective range digital twin model to obtain the effective working range of the current fan; wherein the effective working range is the range that the wind blown by the fan can reach, and the standard speed is obtained through experience. In this embodiment, the standard speed is set to 700 to 800 revolutions per minute;

In this application, personnel information is analyzed to obtain personnel trigger factors, including:

Extract the positions of each staff member within the effective working range, mark the position of the staff member with the farthest straight-line distance from the fan as the comparison position, and obtain the straight-line distance ZL between the comparison position and the fan; obtain the distance YJL between the point farthest from the fan in the effective working range and the fan;

Extract the number of staff R within the effective working range, and obtain the staff trigger factor RYZ based on the formula RYZ=γ×ln(ZL/YJL+1)×(R/BR); where BR is the standard number of staff within the current effective working range, γ is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and the value range of γ is (0,1]; ln() is a logarithmic function with the natural number e as the base.

It should be noted that the standard number of personnel in this application is 60% of the maximum number of personnel set within the current effective working range without affecting work; among them, the maximum number of personnel is obtained through the size of the current effective working range and the mine output.

It should be noted that, when obtaining the personnel trigger factor RYZ, the present application uses the ln() function to analyze the straight-line distance ZL. This is because the larger the straight-line distance ZL, the greater the wind speed required by the fan. When the distance is too far, the wind blown by the fan will have a reduced effect when it reaches the location of the staff. Therefore, the increase in the straight-line distance will have a smaller and smaller impact on the fan speed. Because the personnel trigger factor RYZ is a factor that affects the fan speed, the increase in the straight-line distance will have a smaller and smaller impact on the personnel trigger factor RYZ.

However, even if the effect is reduced, sufficient air volume is required to blow to the current location of the personnel. Therefore, the present invention further calculates the personnel trigger factor RYZ according to the number of personnel R. When the number of personnel is large, the value of the personnel trigger factor RYZ will increase further. When the number of personnel is small, the value of the personnel trigger factor RYZ will decrease. However, at this time, the fan speed will also generate sufficient air volume to blow to the location of the staff under the influence of the environmental trigger factor.

Please refer to FIG3 . In this application, environmental parameters are analyzed to obtain environmental trigger factors, including:

A1: Extract the target gas concentration QN within the effective working range and determine whether the target gas concentration QN exceeds the set target gas concentration threshold BQN; if yes, mark the environmental trigger factor as 1; if no, jump to A2;

A2: Extract the characteristic temperature ZW within the effective working range and determine whether the characteristic temperature ZW exceeds the set characteristic temperature threshold BW; if yes, mark the environmental trigger factor as 1; if no, jump to A3;

A3: Extract the target gas concentration QN, characteristic temperature ZW, and characteristic humidity ZS within the effective working range, and obtain the environmental trigger factor HYZ based on the formula HYZ=ρ1×(exp(QN/BQN)-1)+ρ2×(exp(ZW/BW)-1)+ρ3×ln(ZS/BS+1); where ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and BS is the manually set characteristic humidity threshold.

It should be noted that the present application performs threshold judgments on the target gas concentration and characteristic temperature within the effective working range in step A1 and step A2: when the target gas concentration exceeds the corresponding threshold, it indicates that the concentration of the target gas within the current effective working range is no longer suitable for the staff to work. Similarly, when the characteristic temperature exceeds the corresponding threshold, it indicates that the temperature within the current effective working range is no longer suitable for the staff to work. The present application does not perform threshold judgments on the characteristic humidity. This is because: the human body's tolerance to humidity is stronger than the target gas concentration and temperature, and the discomfort caused by humidity to the human body is closely related to temperature. That is to say, when the temperature is maintained at a reasonable value, the discomfort caused by humidity to the human body is very small. Based on step A2, the upper limit of the temperature has been determined, and the temperature will also be maintained within a reasonable range through the operation of the fan. In this case, the impact of humidity on the human body will exist in a suitable situation. Therefore, the present invention does not perform threshold judgments on humidity.

It should be noted that steps A1 and A2 in the present application are used to ensure that the staff is in a safe working environment and to avoid slow system recognition caused by the target gas concentration or characteristic temperature exceeding the standard.

In this application, the initial speed of the fan is set based on the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor, including:

Extract the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors of the current fan from the database, use the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors as training data, and use the historical initial speeds corresponding to the historical personnel trigger factors and historical environmental trigger factors as test data; use the training data to train the artificial intelligence model, use the test data to test the trained artificial intelligence model, and adjust the parameters of the artificial intelligence model according to the test results to obtain a speed matching model with the input of the personnel trigger factor and the environmental trigger factor and the output of the initial speed; wherein the artificial intelligence model is obtained through a BP neural network, and can also be obtained through a deep belief network;

The personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ of the current fan are extracted, and the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ are input into the speed matching model to obtain the initial speed of the current fan for this startup.

In this application, the speed adjustment factor is obtained through real-time environmental parameters, including:

Obtain the target gas concentration QN _i , characteristic temperature ZW _i , characteristic humidity ZS _i of the current detection times, and the target gas concentration QN _i-1 , characteristic temperature ZW _i-1 , characteristic humidity ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; wherein the time interval between the two detection times is obtained by manual setting; in this embodiment, the time interval is set to 30 minutes;

The speed adjustment factor ZTY i is obtained based on the formula ZTY _i =μ×exp(δ1×(1+(QN _i -QN _i-1 )/QN i- ₁ )+δ2×(1+(ZW _i -ZW _{i- 1} )/ZW i-1 )+δ3×(1+(ZS _i -ZS _i-1 )/ZS _i-1 )-1 ₎ ; wherein i is the number of detections, μ is the amplitude adjustment coefficient, and the value range of μ is (0,1]; δ1, δ2, and δ3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0.

It should be noted that, because the detection times are counted only after the fan is started, the i mark of each value in the environmental parameter obtained in the first detection after the fan is started is 1, and the previous detection data is the data for calculating the initial speed.

In this application, the fan speed is adjusted in real time based on the speed adjustment factor, including:

Extract the speed adjustment factor ZTY _i of the current detection times and the fan speed ZS _i-1 of the previous detection times; obtain the current real-time speed SZS _i of the fan based on the formula SZS _i =ZTY _i ×ZS _i- 1;

The fan speed is adjusted in real time based on the real-time speed SZS _i .

It should be noted that, when i=1, the value of the fan speed ZS _i-1 of the last detection number is the value of the initial speed.

It should be noted that in the present application, when the system receives environmental parameters, it will calculate the speed adjustment factor and adjust the fan speed.

In this application, safe operation is performed based on the real-time rotation speed and surrounding gas concentration, including:

Extract the real-time speed and determine whether the real-time speed exceeds the speed threshold; if yes, adjust the current real-time speed value to the speed threshold; if no, do nothing; wherein, in this embodiment, the speed threshold is set to 1000 revolutions per minute;

The highest gas concentration value detected within the effective working range is extracted to determine whether the highest gas concentration value exceeds the gas threshold; if yes, an alarm is issued; if no, no operation is performed; wherein, in this embodiment, the gas threshold is set to 0.5%.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a mining fan, comprising the following steps:

S1: Obtain basic information within the effective working range of the fan;

S2: Analyze personnel information to obtain personnel trigger factors, analyze environmental parameters to obtain environmental trigger factors, set the initial speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factors and the environmental trigger factors; start the fan based on the initial speed and obtain real-time environmental parameters, obtain the speed adjustment factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and adjust the fan speed in real time based on the speed adjustment factor;

S3: Monitor the fan speed and gas concentration within the effective working range, and perform safe operations based on the real-time speed and surrounding gas concentration.

Part of the data in the above formula is calculated by removing the dimension and taking its numerical value. The formula is a formula closest to the actual situation obtained by software simulation of a large amount of collected data; the preset parameters and preset thresholds in the formula are set by technical personnel in this field according to actual conditions or obtained through simulation of a large amount of data.

Working principle of the present invention:

Obtain personnel information and environmental parameters within the effective working range of the fan; analyze the personnel information to obtain the personnel trigger factor, which is used to analyze the number of personnel within the current effective working range and the initial fan speed required for the personnel's location, providing basic data support for the subsequent adjustment of the fan speed; analyze the environmental parameters to obtain the environmental trigger factor, which is used to analyze the initial fan speed required for the target gas concentration, characteristic temperature and characteristic humidity within the current effective working range, providing basic data support for the subsequent adjustment of the fan speed; obtain the speed adjustment factor through real-time environmental parameters, and adjust the fan speed in real time based on the speed adjustment factor. These two steps enable the fan to automatically adjust the ventilation volume according to the real-time environmental factors of the mine, thereby improving the adaptability of the system and the safety of the staff's operations; monitor the fan speed and gas concentration within the effective working range, and perform safe operations based on the real-time speed and surrounding gas concentration.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A mining fan control system, comprising: the fan control module is connected with the fan control module, the data acquisition module, the safety monitoring module and the database;

The data acquisition module is used for: the method is used for acquiring basic information in the effective working range of the fan; the effective working range is obtained through a digital twin model; the basic information comprises personnel information and environmental parameters; the personnel information comprises the number of personnel and the position of the personnel; the environmental parameters include target gas concentration, characteristic temperature, and characteristic humidity; the target gas is obtained through manual selection;

The fan control module is used for: is used for analyzing the personnel information to obtain personnel triggering factors, analyzing the environmental parameters to obtain environmental triggering factors, setting an initial rotating speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger factor and the environment trigger factor; starting the fan based on the initial rotating speed, acquiring real-time environmental parameters, acquiring a rotating speed regulating factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and regulating the speed of the fan in real time based on the rotating speed regulating factor;

The safety monitoring module is used for: the system is used for monitoring the rotating speed of the fan and the gas concentration in an effective working range, and safe operation is performed based on the real-time rotating speed and the surrounding gas concentration.

2. The mining fan control system of claim 1, wherein the obtaining basic information within the effective operating range of the fan comprises:

judging whether staff exists in the effective working range of the fan or not through a staff positioning device; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of staff and the positions of the staff of each staff, and storing the number of staff and the positions of the staff into a database; if not, not operating;

Obtaining an average temperature PW in an effective working range through a plurality of temperature sensors, and extracting a highest temperature GW and a lowest temperature DW recorded by the plurality of temperature sensors; acquiring a characteristic temperature ZW in the effective working range of the current fan based on a formula ZW= (alpha 1 xGW+alpha 2 xDW+PW)/2; wherein, α1 and α2 are both proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and α1+α2=1, α1 is not less than α2;

Acquiring average humidity PS in an effective working range through a plurality of humidity monitors, and extracting highest humidity GS and lowest humidity DS recorded by the plurality of humidity monitors; acquiring the characteristic humidity ZS within the effective working range of the current fan based on a formula ZS= (beta 1 xGS+beta 2 xDS+PS)/2; wherein, β1 and β2 are proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and β1+β2=1, β1 is greater than or equal to β2;

And acquiring the highest concentration of the target gas in the effective working range through a plurality of gas concentration detection devices, and marking the highest concentration of the target gas as the target gas concentration.

3. The mining fan control system of claim 1, wherein the effective operating range is obtained by a digital twin model, comprising:

Acquiring a three-dimensional scanning image of the surrounding environment of the position of the fan, and constructing a three-dimensional model through the three-dimensional scanning image; extracting a three-dimensional model and equipment information of the surrounding environment of the fan; the equipment information comprises appearance characteristics and physical characteristics of the fan;

Constructing an equipment model of the fan based on the equipment information, and constructing a simulation scene based on the three-dimensional model; combining the equipment model and the simulation scene to generate an effective range digital twin model;

Inputting the standard rotation speed into an effective range digital twin model to obtain the effective working range of the current fan; the effective working range is the range where the wind blown by the fan can reach.

4. The mining fan control system of claim 1, wherein the analyzing the personnel information to obtain personnel triggering factors includes:

extracting the positions of personnel of all the workers in the effective working range, marking the position of the personnel with the farthest linear distance from the fan as a comparison position, and obtaining the linear distance ZL between the comparison position and the fan; acquiring a distance YJL between a point farthest from the fan in an effective working range and the fan;

Extracting the personnel number R of workers in an effective working range, and acquiring a personnel trigger factor RYZ based on the formula RYZ=gamma multiplied by ln (ZL/YJL+1) multiplied by (R/BR); wherein BR is the number of standard personnel in the current effective working range, gamma is an amplitude adjustment coefficient, the value range of gamma is (0, 1), and ln () is a logarithmic function based on a natural number e.

5. The mining fan control system of claim 4, wherein the analyzing the environmental parameter to obtain the environmental trigger comprises:

a1: extracting target gas concentration QN in an effective working range, and judging whether the target gas concentration QN exceeds a set target gas concentration threshold BQN; if yes, the environmental trigger is marked as 1; if not, jumping to A2;

A2: extracting a characteristic temperature ZW in an effective working range, and judging whether the characteristic temperature ZW exceeds a set characteristic temperature threshold BW; if yes, the environmental trigger is marked as 1; if not, jumping to A3;

A3: extracting target gas concentration QN, characteristic temperature ZW and characteristic humidity ZS in an effective working range, and acquiring an environment trigger factor HYZ based on a formula HYZ =ρ1× (exp (QN/BQN) -1) +ρ2× (exp (ZW/BW) -1) +ρ3×ln (ZS/BS+1); wherein ρ1, ρ2 and ρ3 are proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0, and BS is a characteristic humidity threshold.

6. The mining fan control system of claim 5, wherein the setting the initial rotational speed of the fan based on the personnel trigger and the environmental trigger comprises:

extracting a historical personnel trigger factor and a historical environment trigger factor of the current fan from a database, taking the historical personnel trigger factor and the historical environment trigger factor as training data, and taking a historical initial rotating speed corresponding to the historical personnel trigger factor and the historical environment trigger factor as test data; training the artificial intelligent model by using training data, checking the trained artificial intelligent model by using checking data, and adjusting parameters of the artificial intelligent model according to a checking result to obtain a rotation speed matching model which is input into a human trigger factor and an environment trigger factor and output into an initial rotation speed; wherein the artificial intelligent model is obtained through a BP neural network;

and extracting a personnel trigger factor RYZ and an environment trigger factor HYZ of the current fan, and inputting the personnel trigger factor RYZ and the environment trigger factor HYZ into a rotation speed matching model to obtain the initial rotation speed of the current fan started at this time.

7. The mining fan control system of claim 2, wherein the acquiring the rotational speed adjustment factor by real-time environmental parameters includes:

Obtaining the target gas concentration QN _i, the characteristic temperature ZW _i and the characteristic humidity ZS _i of the current detection times, and obtaining the target gas concentration QN _i-1, the characteristic temperature ZW _i-1 and the characteristic humidity ZS _i-1 of the last detection times;

obtaining a rotation speed adjustment factor ZTY _i based on a formula ZTY_i=μ×exp(δ1×(1+(QN_i-QN_i-1)/QN_i-1)+δ2×(1+(ZW_i-ZW_i-1)/ZW_i-1)+δ3×(1+(ZS_i-ZS_i-1)/ZS_i-1)-1); wherein i is the detection times, mu is an amplitude adjustment coefficient, the value range of mu is (0, 1), and delta 1, delta 2 and delta 3 are all proportional adjustment coefficients greater than 0.

8. The mining fan control system of claim 7, wherein the real-time speed regulation of the fan based on the rotational speed adjustment factor comprises:

Extracting a rotation speed adjustment factor ZTY _i of the current detection times and a fan rotation speed ZS _i-1 of the last detection times; obtaining the current real-time rotating speed SZS _i of the fan based on a formula SZS _i=ZTY_i×ZS_i-1;

Based on real-time rotating speed SZS _i pair the fan carries out real-time speed regulation.

9. The mining fan control system of claim 8, wherein the safety operation based on the real-time rotational speed and the ambient gas concentration comprises:

extracting a real-time rotating speed, and judging whether the real-time rotating speed exceeds a rotating speed threshold value or not; the value of the current real-time rotating speed is adjusted to be a rotating speed threshold value; if not, not operating;

Extracting the highest gas concentration value detected in the effective working range, and judging whether the highest gas concentration value exceeds a gas threshold value; if yes, an alarm is sent; and if not, not performing operation.

10. A mining fan control method, operating based on a mining fan control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

s1: basic information in the effective working range of the fan is obtained;

S2: analyzing personnel information to obtain personnel triggering factors, analyzing environmental parameters to obtain environmental triggering factors, and setting the initial rotating speed of the fan based on the personnel triggering factors and the environmental triggering factors; starting the fan based on the initial rotating speed, acquiring real-time environmental parameters, acquiring a rotating speed regulating factor through the real-time environmental parameters, and regulating the speed of the fan in real time based on the rotating speed regulating factor;

s3: monitoring the rotating speed of the fan and the gas concentration in the effective working range, and performing safe operation based on the real-time rotating speed and the surrounding gas concentration.