CN118564907A - Thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture and zero-carbon and zero-output operation method - Google Patents
Thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture and zero-carbon and zero-output operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118564907A CN118564907A CN202410701592.3A CN202410701592A CN118564907A CN 118564907 A CN118564907 A CN 118564907A CN 202410701592 A CN202410701592 A CN 202410701592A CN 118564907 A CN118564907 A CN 118564907A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
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- H02J3/17—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H02J2101/30—
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- H02J2101/40—
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- H02J2105/52—
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture and a zero-carbon zero-output operation method, wherein the power generation system comprises a power generation module and a carbon capture module; the carbon trapping module is suitable for carbon trapping during and/or after fuel combustion of the power generation module; the carbon capture module comprises power equipment, regeneration equipment and a first storage tank; the first storage tank is connected with the regeneration equipment to store regenerated working medium; the energy required by the regeneration of the working medium can be supplied by the power generation module in the electricity consumption valley, and the power generation module is used for maintaining the lowest stable combustion state under the condition of meeting the on-line electric quantity required in the electricity consumption valley; the working medium required during the electricity utilization peak can be provided by the first storage tank; therefore, the power generation module does not need to be frequently started and stopped when in peak regulation operation, the problems of equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, operation risk and the like caused by frequent starting and stopping are effectively avoided, and the power generation module can quickly respond and promote the load and optimize the peak regulation capacity when the power consumption of a power grid is in peak demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a thermal power generation system with coupled carbon capture and a zero-carbon zero-output operation method.
Background
With the high-proportion large-scale development of new energy, the characteristics of intermittence, randomness and volatility of the new energy bring great demands to the system regulation capability, more flexible regulation responsibilities are brought into play by coal power in recent years, more starting and regulating peak tasks are brought into play by 60-kilowatt and 30-kilowatt class units, and the starting and regulating peak and the depth peak are frequently participated.
However, frequent start-stop of the unit can bring a plurality of potential safety hazards such as equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, running operation risk and the like, and when electricity is used up to a peak, the unit in a stop state is difficult to quickly respond and reach the required load, and the peak regulation target is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a thermal power generation system with coupled carbon capture and a zero-carbon zero-output operation method, which are used for solving the defects of potential safety hazards and slow response speed caused by frequent start-up and stop of a unit in the prior art, can meet the peak regulation requirement of a power grid under the condition of no shutdown, can quickly raise load to reach required load when the power utilization requirement of the power grid is high, and can effectively capture carbon dioxide generated in the power generation process.
The invention provides a thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, which comprises: a power generation module and a carbon capture module;
the power generation module is suitable for generating power by combusting fuel;
The carbon trapping module is suitable for trapping carbon in and/or after fuel combustion of the power generation module;
The carbon capture module comprises power equipment, regeneration equipment and a first storage tank; the working medium in the carbon capture module is provided with driving force by the power equipment; the regeneration equipment is used for regenerating the working medium, and the first storage tank is connected with the regeneration equipment and used for storing the regenerated working medium;
The energy required by the working medium regeneration process can be supplied by the power generation module in the electricity consumption valley, and the power generation module is used for maintaining the lowest stable combustion state under the condition of meeting the on-line electric quantity required in the electricity consumption valley;
the working medium required during peak electricity consumption can be provided by the first storage tank.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the power generation module further comprises a combustion furnace, a steam turbine and a generator; the output end of the combustion furnace is connected with the input end of the steam turbine; the output end of the steam turbine is connected with the generator and used for driving the generator to operate.
According to the thermal power generation system for coupling carbon capture, the working medium comprises oxygen-enriched gas; the regeneration equipment comprises an oxygen generating device for producing oxygen-enriched gas, and an outlet of the oxygen generating device is connected with the combustion furnace through a conveying pipeline;
the outlet of the oxygen generating device is connected with the inlet of the first storage tank through a first branch, and the outlet of the first storage tank is connected with the combustion furnace of the power generation module.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture provided by the invention, the oxygen generation device comprises an air separation device.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the first valve is arranged on the conveying pipeline, the second valve is arranged on the first branch, the outlet of the first storage tank is connected with the conveying pipeline, and the connecting point is located between the first valve and the oxygen generating device.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the working medium comprises a carbon dioxide absorbent; the carbon capture module further comprises a reactor, wherein a flue gas inlet of the reactor is connected with a flue gas outlet of the power generation module; the working medium outlet of the reactor is connected with the working medium inlet of the regeneration equipment through a regeneration pipeline, and the regeneration equipment is used for resolving and regenerating the absorbent; the working medium outlet of the regeneration equipment is connected to the working medium inlet of the reactor through a return pipeline; the working medium outlet of the regeneration equipment is connected to the first storage tank through a second branch.
According to the thermal power generation system for coupling carbon capture, the third valve is arranged on the return pipeline, the fourth valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline, the second branch pipeline is connected with the return pipeline, and the connecting point is located between the third valve and the working medium inlet of the reactor.
The thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture provided by the invention further comprises a second storage tank;
And a working medium outlet of the reactor is connected to the second storage tank through a third branch and is used for storing the reacted absorbent.
According to the thermal power generation system for coupling carbon capture, provided by the invention, the fifth valve is arranged on the regeneration pipeline, the sixth valve is arranged on the third branch, the third branch is connected with the regeneration pipeline, and the connecting point is positioned between the fifth valve and the working medium outlet of the reactor.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the heat source inlet of the regeneration equipment is connected with the steam turbine and is used for providing a heat source for resolving the regenerated absorbent for the regeneration equipment.
The thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture provided by the invention further comprises a purification module;
The flue gas outlet of the power generation module is connected to the purification module through a first pipeline;
the exhaust port of the regeneration equipment is connected with the purification module through a second pipeline and is used for discharging the separated gas to the purification module.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the seventh valve is connected to the first pipeline.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the exhaust port of the regeneration equipment is connected with the purification module through the second pipeline and is used for discharging precipitated gas to the purification module for separation.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, the ninth valve is connected to the second pipeline.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture provided by the invention, the purification module comprises a multistage compressor and a cryogenic purifier.
According to the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, a condenser is arranged between the regeneration equipment and the purification module.
The invention also provides an operation method of the thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture, which comprises the following steps:
When the online electric quantity is determined to be lower than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the power generation module is controlled to maintain the lowest stable combustion state, and the power generation module is used for providing energy for the carbon capture module to regenerate and store working media, so that the power generation module can meet the required online electric quantity in the lowest stable combustion state;
When the internet power is determined to be higher than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the stored working medium is utilized to capture carbon of the power generation module, the outward output power of the power generation module is increased, and the power generation module can quickly reach the required load.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. According to the thermal power generation system with coupled carbon capture and the zero-carbon zero-output operation method, the power generation module can burn fuel to generate power; the carbon trapping module can trap carbon in and/or after fuel combustion, so that low carbon/zero carbon emission is realized; when the power consumption is in a valley, the scheduling command surfing electric quantity is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the power generation module is regulated to be in a lowest stable combustion state, the power generation module maintains the required surfing electric quantity, and meanwhile, the redundant electric quantity is supplied to the carbon capture module to regenerate and store working media, and the regenerated working media are stored in the first storage tank; when the power consumption peak is in the power consumption peak and the power consumption quantity of the scheduling command is larger than the lowest stable combustion state of the power generation module, the power generation module in the lowest stable combustion state can rapidly respond and lift the load to reach the required working state; at the moment, working media required by the carbon trapping process can be supplied by the first storage tank, so that the power consumption of the carbon trapping module is reduced, the external power transmission capacity of the power generation module is increased, the power generation module can quickly reach the required load, and the response rate is further improved; compared with the related art, the peak regulation operation of the power generation module is not required to be frequently started and stopped, the problems of equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, operation risk and the like caused by the frequent start and stop are effectively avoided, and the peak regulation capacity can be optimized by rapidly responding and lifting loads when the power utilization requirement of the power grid is high.
2. By adding the first storage tank in the coal-fired power plant carbon capture system, conventional zero carbon emission can be realized, peak regulation requirements of a power grid can be considered, different operation modes of the storage tank are adjusted under different working conditions, and zero power transmission of the unit to the power grid is realized under the lowest stable combustion load.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system for coupling carbon capture in combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system coupled with wet chemical absorption carbon capture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system coupled with dry chemical absorption carbon capture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. A regeneration device; 100. an oxygen generator; 101. a delivery line; 102. a first branch; 103. a first valve; 104. a second valve; 105. a regeneration tower; 106. a reboiler; 107. a regenerator; 108. a third pipeline; 109. a seventh valve; 11. a first storage tank; 12. a reactor; 13. a regeneration pipeline; 130. a fifth valve; 14. a return line; 140. a third valve; 15. a second branch; 150. a fourth valve; 16. a second storage tank; 17. a third branch; 170. a sixth valve; 18. a second pipeline; 180. a second exhaust valve; 20. a combustion furnace; 21. a steam turbine; 22. a generator; 30. a first pipeline; 300. a first exhaust valve; 31. a multistage compressor; 32. a cryogenic purifier; 40. and a condenser.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to facilitate understanding of the coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system and the zero-carbon zero-output operation method provided by the invention, the application background is introduced first, along with the great development of new energy power, the characteristics of intermittence, randomness and volatility of the coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system and the zero-carbon zero-output operation method put forward great demands on the system regulation capability, more flexible regulation responsibilities are brought into play by coal power in recent years, the coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system and the zero-carbon zero-output operation method are often involved in starting and regulating peak and deep peak regulation, for example, when the power on-line electric quantity of a dispatching instruction is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of a unit, the unit is stopped, and when the power consumption requirement of a power grid is in a peak, the unit needs to operate and reaches the required load.
In the process of starting and stopping peak regulation, frequent starting and stopping of the unit not only can bring a plurality of potential safety hazards such as equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, running operation risks and the like, but also can not quickly respond to the unit in a stopped state and reach required load when electricity is used for peak, and the peak regulation target is difficult to realize. Therefore, how to meet the peak shaving requirement of the power grid without stopping the power grid becomes an important topic to be solved currently.
At present, with the increasing of the concentration of greenhouse gases, climate change has become one of the serious challenges facing all people, the emission of coal-fired CO2 is about 70% of the total emission of carbon dioxide, the emission is huge, and the development of fossil fuel greenhouse gas control technology, especially coal-fired carbon dioxide emission reduction technology, is an important link for realizing the low-carbon/zero-carbon target, so how to effectively capture the carbon dioxide emitted by coal-fired power plants is also a problem to be solved currently urgently.
Based on the problems, the invention provides a thermal power generation system with coupled carbon capture and a zero-carbon zero-output operation method, which can meet the peak regulation requirement of a power grid under the condition of no shutdown, can quickly raise load to reach required load when the power utilization requirement of the power grid is high, and can effectively capture carbon dioxide generated in the power generation process.
The coupled carbon capture thermal power generation system and the zero carbon zero output operation method of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture includes a power generation module and a carbon capture module; the power generation module is suitable for generating power by combusting fuel; the carbon trapping module is suitable for carbon trapping during and/or after fuel combustion of the power generation module.
The carbon capture module comprises a power plant, a regeneration plant 10 and a first storage tank 11; the working medium in the carbon capture module is provided with driving force by power equipment; the regeneration equipment 10 is used for regenerating working media, and the first storage tank 11 is connected with the regeneration equipment 10 and is used for storing the regenerated working media; the energy required by the working medium regeneration process can be supplied by the power generation module in the electricity consumption low valley, and the power generation module is used for maintaining the lowest stable combustion state under the condition of meeting the on-line electric quantity required by the electricity consumption low valley; the working medium required at the time of peak electricity consumption can be supplied from the first tank 11.
In a specific application scenario, the power generation module can burn fuel to generate power; the carbon trapping module can trap carbon in and/or after fuel combustion, so that low carbon/zero carbon emission is realized; when the power consumption is in a valley, the scheduling command surfing electric quantity is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the power generation module is regulated to be in a lowest stable combustion state, the power generation module maintains the required surfing electric quantity, and meanwhile, the redundant electric quantity is supplied to the carbon capture module to regenerate and store working media, and the regenerated working media are stored in the first storage tank 11; when the power consumption peak is in the power consumption peak and the power consumption quantity of the scheduling command is larger than the lowest stable combustion state of the power generation module, the power generation module in the lowest stable combustion state can rapidly respond and lift the load to reach the required working state; at the moment, working media required by the carbon trapping process can be supplied by the first storage tank 11, so that the power consumption of the carbon trapping module is reduced, the external power transmission capacity of the power generation module is increased, the power generation module can quickly reach the required load, and the response rate is further improved; compared with the related art, the peak regulation operation of the power generation module is not required to be frequently started and stopped, the problems of equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, operation risk and the like caused by the frequent start and stop are effectively avoided, and the peak regulation capacity can be optimized by rapidly responding and lifting loads when the power utilization requirement of the power grid is high.
In a specific application scenario, zero carbon and zero output of the thermal power generation system can be realized under the condition that the output of the power generation module is equal to the energy consumption value of the carbon capture module. In one embodiment of the present invention, the power generation module includes a combustor 20, a steam turbine 21, and a generator 22; wherein the burner 20 is an apparatus for burning fuel to generate heat energy; the output end of the combustion furnace 20 is connected with the input end of the steam turbine 21, and is used for heating water to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine 21 to operate; the output of the steam turbine 21 is connected to a generator 22 for driving the generator 22 to operate to generate electricity.
It should be noted that, the foregoing is merely a brief description of a structure or a principle of the power generation module, and for the purpose of facilitating the description and understanding of the coupled carbon capturing thermal power generation system provided by the present invention, in order to achieve a power generation function, the power generation module may further include other structures or components, specifically, reference may be made to a thermal power generator set in the prior art, in this embodiment of the present invention, the structure or the principle of the power generation module is not improved, and a specific mechanism of the power generation module is not a main invention point of the present invention, therefore, for other structures of the power generation module, a detailed description in this embodiment of the present invention is omitted.
The carbon trapping module is used for carbon trapping of carbon dioxide generated in the power generation process, and the carbon trapping is divided into pre-combustion trapping, mid-combustion trapping and post-combustion trapping based on different working principles; the pre-combustion trapping technology is based on an integrated gasification combined cycle power generation technology and is different from the combustion mode and the steam-water circulation mode of a coal-fired power generation unit, and the carbon trapping mode is not considered in the embodiment of the invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1, the carbon capture module employs a carbon capture in combustion mode, and the working medium employs an oxygen-enriched gas, such as high purity oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, to produce higher purity carbon dioxide by combusting the fuel in the furnace 20 in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere, thereby facilitating the subsequent separation of the carbon dioxide.
In order to achieve the above object, the regeneration device 10 comprises an oxygen generating apparatus 100 for producing an oxygen enriched gas, the outlet of the oxygen generating apparatus 100 being connected to the burner 20 by a transfer line 101, and furthermore, the outlet of the oxygen generating apparatus 100 being connected to the inlet of a first tank 11 by a first branch 102, the outlet of the first tank 11 being connected to the burner 20.
In a specific application scenario, when the electricity consumption is low and the scheduled command surfing electricity quantity is smaller than the lowest steady burning load of the power generation module, the conveying pipeline 101 is disconnected, the first branch 102 is connected, the power generation module is regulated to be in the lowest steady burning state, the power generation module maintains the required surfing electricity quantity, and meanwhile, the surplus electricity quantity is supplied to the oxygen generation device 100, and the oxygen generation device 100 is used for preparing oxygen-enriched gas and stores the oxygen-enriched gas in the first storage tank 11 through the first branch 102; when electricity consumption is high, the first branch 102 is closed, the conveying pipeline 101 is conducted, the outlet of the first storage tank 11 is conducted with the combustion furnace 20, oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen generating device 100 and stored in the first storage tank 11 can enter the combustion furnace 20, the electricity consumption of the oxygen generating device 100 can be reduced through the first storage tank 11, the external electricity transmission quantity of the power generation module is increased, and the power generation module can quickly reach the required load.
Specifically, a first valve 103 is arranged on the conveying pipeline 101, a second valve 104 is arranged on the first branch 102, the outlet of the first storage tank 11 is connected with the conveying pipeline 101, and the connection point is positioned between the first valve 103 and the oxygen generating device 100; the arrangement is that the on-off of the conveying pipeline 101 and the first branch 102 can be controlled through the first valve 103 and the second valve 104, so that mode switching is performed, and in the regeneration process, the first valve 103 is closed, the second valve 104 is opened, and oxygen-enriched gas enters the first storage tank 11 for storage; at peak of electricity consumption, the oxygen-enriched gas produced by the oxygen production apparatus 100 and stored in the first storage tank 11 enters the combustion furnace 20 by opening the first valve 103 and closing the second valve 104.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the oxygen generating apparatus 100 may have various options, for example, an air separation apparatus, a membrane separation apparatus, etc., and may specifically be selected according to actual needs, and in this embodiment, the oxygen generating apparatus 100 uses an air separation apparatus. In addition, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched gas can be regulated and controlled according to actual requirements and application scenes.
The carbon capture module of the above structure can capture carbon dioxide, but in order to facilitate the subsequent separation of carbon dioxide, referring to fig. 1, the coupled carbon capture thermal power generation system further includes a purification module to which a flue gas outlet of the power generation module is connected through a first pipe 30. The purification module can directly separate the high-concentration carbon dioxide.
Specifically, the first pipeline 30 is provided with a first exhaust valve 300 for controlling on-off of the first pipeline 30.
Specifically, the purification module includes a multistage compressor 31 and a cryogenic purifier 32, the outlet of the first pipeline 30 is connected with the multistage compressor 31, the multistage compressor 31 is used for compressing carbon dioxide gas, so that gaseous carbon dioxide reaches a liquefaction condition, and the cryogenic purifier 32 can separate liquid carbon dioxide from water to obtain high-purity liquid carbon dioxide, so that subsequent treatment is facilitated.
In another specific embodiment of the invention, the carbon trapping module uses carbon trapping after combustion, at this time, the working medium uses carbon dioxide absorbent, carbon dioxide in the flue gas is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent, the absorbent is analyzed and regenerated by the regeneration equipment 10, and the analyzed gas is high-purity carbon dioxide, which is beneficial to separating and collecting carbon dioxide by subsequent equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the carbon capture module further comprises a reactor 12, wherein a working medium inlet is arranged at the top of the reactor 12, a flue gas inlet and a working medium outlet are arranged at the bottom of the reactor, and the flue gas inlet is connected with the flue gas outlet of the power generation module; the working medium outlet of the reactor 12 is connected with the working medium inlet of the regeneration equipment 10 through a regeneration pipeline 13, the regeneration equipment 10 is used for resolving and regenerating the absorbent, the working medium outlet of the regeneration equipment 10 is connected to the working medium inlet of the reactor through a return pipeline 14, and the working medium outlet of the regeneration equipment 10 is connected to the first storage tank 11 through a second branch 15, so that flue gas is introduced from the bottom of the reactor 12, a part of the absorbent can enter the first storage tank 11 for storage, the other part of the absorbent can be introduced from the top of the reactor 12, the flue gas and the absorbent are reversely contacted in the reactor 12, and the reacted absorbent is discharged from the working medium outlet at the bottom of the reactor 12, so that circulation is formed.
In a specific application scenario, when the electricity consumption is low and the scheduled command surfing electricity is smaller than the lowest steady burning load of the power generation module, the regeneration pipeline 13, the return pipeline 14 and the second branch pipeline 15 are conducted, the power generation module keeps the required surfing electricity, and meanwhile, the absorbent is driven to enter the regeneration equipment 10 through the regeneration pipeline 13, the regeneration equipment 10 analyzes and regenerates the absorbent, one part of the regenerated absorbent enters the reactor 12 for circulation, and the other part of the regenerated absorbent enters the first storage tank 11 for storage; when electricity consumption is high, the regeneration pipeline 13 and the return pipeline 14 are disconnected, and the absorbent in the first storage tank 11 enters the reactor 12 through the second branch 15 to carry out carbon trapping, so that the electricity consumption of the absorbent circulation can be reduced, the external power transmission capacity of the power generation module is increased, and the power generation module can quickly reach the required load. When the absorbent in the first tank 11 is insufficient, the regeneration line 13 and the return line 14 are opened to perform the regeneration cycle of the absorbent.
Specifically, the return line 14 is provided with a third valve 140, the second branch 15 is provided with a fourth valve 150, the second branch 15 is connected to the return line 14, and the connection point is located between the third valve 140 and the working medium inlet of the reactor 12. By means of the arrangement, the on-off of the return pipeline 14 and the second branch 15 can be controlled through the third valve 140 and the fourth valve 150, so that mode switching is performed, in the regeneration process, the third valve 140 and the fourth valve 150 are opened, a part of regenerated absorbent enters the reactor 12 to circulate, the other part of regenerated absorbent enters the first storage tank 11 to store, when electricity consumption is high, the fourth valve 150 is opened to close the third valve 140, carbon trapping is performed by the absorbent in the first storage tank 11, and therefore electricity consumption consumed by the circulation of the absorbent is reduced.
Specifically, the carbon capture module further includes a second storage tank 16; the working medium outlet of the reactor 12 is connected via a third branch 17 to a second storage tank 16, which second storage tank 16 is used for storing the reacted absorbent. When electricity is used in a peak, the regeneration pipeline 13 is disconnected, the third branch 17 is conducted, carbon trapping is carried out on the absorbent in the first storage tank 11 in the reactor 12, and the absorbent after the reaction is completed enters the second storage tank 16 for temporary storage.
Specifically, the regeneration line 13 is provided with a fifth valve 130, the third branch 17 is provided with a sixth valve 170, the third branch 17 is connected with the regeneration line 13, and the connection point is located between the fifth valve 130 and the working medium outlet of the reactor 12. In this way, the mode switching can be performed by controlling the opening and closing between the fifth valve 130 and the sixth valve 170. In the regeneration stage, the third valve 140, the fourth valve 150, the fifth valve 130 and the sixth valve 170 are opened, the reacted absorbent in the second storage tank 16 and discharged from the working medium outlet of the reactor 12 enters the regeneration equipment 10 through the regeneration pipeline 13 for analysis and regeneration, and part of the regenerated absorbent enters the absorption tower through the return pipeline 14 to absorb carbon dioxide to form circulation, and the other part enters the first storage tank 11 for storage. During peak electricity utilization, the third valve 140 and the fifth valve 130 are closed, the fourth valve 150 and the sixth valve 170 are opened, the absorbent in the first storage tank 11 enters the absorption tower to carry out carbon capture, and the reacted absorbent is temporarily stored in the second storage tank 16.
Specifically, the heat source inlet of the regeneration device 10 is connected to the steam turbine 21 of the power generation module, and the heat source for analyzing the regenerated absorbent is provided to the regeneration device 10 by extracting high-temperature steam in the steam turbine 21.
Specifically, the power equipment can provide power for the flow of the absorbent and the flue gas and the extraction of the steam in the steam turbine, and a pump body can be specifically adopted.
It will be appreciated that carbon capture can be categorized into wet chemical absorption and dry chemical absorption based on the type and state of the absorbent, where wet chemical absorption uses a liquid absorbent, such as an organic amine, and dry chemical absorption uses a dry absorbent, such as a carbonate, and the like, and specifically can be flexibly configured according to practical needs and application situations, but it should be noted that the carbon capture is performed by wet or dry methods, and although the principle is approximately the same, the difference in the type and state of the absorbent inevitably results in a difference in the structures of the reactor 12 and the regeneration device 10.
For example, in wet chemical absorption, referring to fig. 2, the regeneration apparatus 10 includes a regeneration tower 105 and a reboiler 106 provided at the bottom of the regeneration tower 105, heat is supplied to the reboiler 106 by steam extracted from the steam turbine 21, the reboiler 106 heats a bottom liquid, carbon dioxide is distilled off, and the decomposed carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the purification module via the second line 18 to be separated.
Specifically, the second pipeline 18 is provided with a second exhaust valve 180 for controlling the on-off of the second pipeline 18.
Specifically, a condenser 40 is provided between the regeneration tower 105 and the multistage compressor 31 for cooling the separated gas to facilitate the subsequent separation work.
In dry chemical absorption, referring to fig. 3, the regeneration device 10 includes a regenerator 107, a first cyclone disposed between the working fluid outlet of the reactor 12 and the regenerator 107, and a second cyclone disposed at the working fluid outlet of the regenerator 107, and the cyclone is required to separate the absorbent powder when the absorbent enters and exits the regenerator 107.
The working medium outlet of the regenerator 107 is connected to the second cyclone through a third pipe 108, the solid matter outlet of the second cyclone is connected to the working medium inlet of the reactor 12 through the above-mentioned return pipe 14, and the gaseous matter outlet is connected to the purification module, so that the resolved carbon dioxide is separated.
Specifically, a seventh valve 109 is connected to the third pipeline 108, for controlling the on-off of the third pipeline 108.
Specifically, a condenser 40 is disposed between the second cyclone separator and the multi-stage compressor 31, for cooling the separated gas, so as to facilitate the subsequent separation work.
It should be noted that, the specific structures of the regenerator 107 and the regeneration tower 105 may refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.
The operation method of the coupled carbon-trapping thermal power generation system provided by the invention is described below, and the operation method of the coupled carbon-trapping thermal power generation system described below and the coupled carbon-trapping thermal power generation system described above can be referred to correspondingly with each other.
A method of operating a coupled carbon capture thermal power generation system comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the lowest stable combustion output condition of a power generation module; determining the lowest stable combustion output working condition of the power generation module through a minimum stable combustion load test without oil injection, ensuring that the stable combustion without oil injection under the working condition, and keeping stable combustion working conditions in the furnace through reasonable primary and secondary air rate control and combustion adjustment, wherein main parameters accord with design values; the temperature of the over-heated steam and the re-heated steam can meet the design requirement, and the combustion furnace 20 can stably run in a dry state; the wall temperature of the heating surface tube is in a normal range, and no overtemperature phenomenon exists.
And S2, when the online electric quantity is determined to be lower than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, controlling the power generation module to maintain the lowest stable combustion state, and providing energy for the carbon capture module through the power generation module to regenerate and store the working medium, so that the power generation module can meet the required online electric quantity in the lowest stable combustion state.
Under the condition that the output of the power generation module is equal to the energy consumption value of the carbon capture system (the energy consumption value in the oxygen-enriched combustion method carbon capture system is the energy consumption of the oxygen generator 100; the energy consumption values of the wet chemical absorption method carbon capture system and the dry chemical absorption method carbon capture system are the energy consumption generated by steam extraction of a steam turbine), the zero-carbon zero-output of the thermal power generation system can be realized.
And S3, when the internet surfing electricity is higher than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, carbon trapping of the power generation module is carried out by using the stored working medium, and the outward output electricity quantity of the power generation module is increased, so that the power generation module can quickly reach the required load.
The novel innovation point of the invention is that: the power generation module can burn fuel to generate power; the carbon trapping module can trap carbon in and/or after fuel combustion, so that low carbon/zero carbon emission is realized; when the power consumption is in a valley, the scheduling command surfing electric quantity is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the power generation module is regulated to be in a lowest stable combustion state, the power generation module maintains the required surfing electric quantity, and meanwhile, the redundant electric quantity is supplied to the carbon capture module to regenerate and store working media, and the regenerated working media are stored in the first storage tank 11; when the power consumption peak is in the power consumption peak and the power consumption quantity of the scheduling command is larger than the lowest stable combustion state of the power generation module, the power generation module in the lowest stable combustion state can rapidly respond and lift the load to reach the required working state; at the moment, working media required by the carbon trapping process can be supplied by the first storage tank 11, so that the power consumption of the carbon trapping module is reduced, the external power transmission capacity of the power generation module is increased, the power generation module can quickly reach the required load, and the response rate is further improved; compared with the related art, the peak regulation operation of the power generation module is not required to be frequently started and stopped, the problems of equipment damage, service life loss, combustion deterioration, operation risk and the like caused by the frequent start and stop are effectively avoided, and the peak regulation capacity can be optimized by rapidly responding and lifting loads when the power utilization requirement of the power grid is high.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coupled carbon capture thermal power generation system, comprising: a power generation module and a carbon capture module;
the power generation module is suitable for generating power by combusting fuel;
The carbon trapping module is suitable for trapping carbon in and/or after fuel combustion of the power generation module;
The carbon capture module comprises a power plant, a regeneration plant (10) and a first storage tank (11); the working medium in the carbon capture module is provided with driving force by the power equipment; the regeneration equipment (10) is used for regenerating the working medium, and the first storage tank (11) is connected with the regeneration equipment (10) and is used for storing the regenerated working medium;
The energy required by the working medium regeneration process can be supplied by the power generation module in the electricity consumption valley, and the power generation module is used for maintaining the lowest stable combustion state under the condition of meeting the on-line electric quantity required in the electricity consumption valley;
The working medium required during peak electricity consumption can be provided by the first storage tank (11).
2. The coupled carbon-captured thermal power generation system of claim 1, wherein the working fluid comprises an oxygen-enriched gas; the regeneration equipment (10) comprises an oxygen generating device (100) for producing oxygen-enriched gas, and an outlet of the oxygen generating device (100) is connected with a combustion furnace (20) of the power generation module through a conveying pipeline (101);
the outlet of the oxygen generating device (100) is connected with the inlet of the first storage tank (11) through a first branch (102), and the outlet of the first storage tank (11) is connected with the combustion furnace (20) of the power generation module.
3. The coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system according to claim 2, wherein a first valve (103) is provided on the delivery pipe (101), a second valve (104) is provided on the first branch (102), an outlet of the first tank (11) is connected to the delivery pipe (101) and a connection point is located between the first valve (103) and the oxygen generator (100).
4. The coupled carbon-captured thermal power generation system of claim 1, wherein the working fluid comprises a carbon dioxide absorbent;
The carbon capture module further comprises a reactor (12), wherein a flue gas inlet of the reactor (12) is connected with a flue gas outlet of the power generation module; the working medium outlet of the reactor (12) is connected with the working medium inlet of the regeneration equipment (10) through a regeneration pipeline (13), and the regeneration equipment (10) is used for resolving and regenerating the absorbent; the working medium outlet of the regeneration equipment (10) is connected to the working medium inlet of the reactor (12) through a return pipeline (14);
The working medium outlet of the regeneration device (10) is connected to the first storage tank (11) through a second branch (15).
5. The coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system according to claim 4, wherein a third valve (140) is provided on the return line (14), a fourth valve (150) is provided on the second branch (15), the second branch (15) is connected to the return line (14) and a connection point is located between the third valve (140) and a working medium inlet of the reactor (12).
6. The coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system of claim 4, further comprising a second storage tank (16); the working medium outlet of the reactor (12) is connected to the second storage tank (16) through a third branch (17) for storing the reacted absorbent.
7. The coupled carbon-trapped thermal power generation system according to claim 6, wherein a fifth valve (130) is provided on the regeneration line (13), a sixth valve (170) is provided on the third branch (17), the third branch (17) is connected to the regeneration line (13) and a connection point is located between the fifth valve (130) and a working medium outlet of the reactor (12).
8. The coupled carbon-captured thermal power system of claim 1, wherein a heat source inlet of the regeneration device (10) is connected to a steam turbine (21) of the power generation module for providing a heat source for resolving regenerated absorbent to the regeneration device (10).
9. The coupled carbon-captured thermal power system of any of claims 1-8, further comprising a purification module;
the flue gas outlet of the power generation module is connected to the purification module through a first pipeline (30);
the exhaust port of the regeneration device (10) is connected to the purification module via a second line (18) for discharging the evolved gas to the purification module.
10. A zero-carbon zero-output operation method of a thermal power generation system coupled with carbon capture is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
When the online electric quantity is determined to be lower than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the power generation module is controlled to maintain the lowest stable combustion state, and the power generation module is used for providing energy for the carbon capture module to regenerate and store working media, so that the power generation module can meet the required online electric quantity in the lowest stable combustion state;
When the internet power is determined to be higher than the lowest stable combustion load of the power generation module, the stored working medium is utilized to capture carbon of the power generation module, and the outward output power of the power generation module is increased to enable the power generation module to quickly reach the required load.
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