CN118511956A - 林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118511956A CN118511956A CN202410586438.6A CN202410586438A CN118511956A CN 118511956 A CN118511956 A CN 118511956A CN 202410586438 A CN202410586438 A CN 202410586438A CN 118511956 A CN118511956 A CN 118511956A
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Abstract
本申请提供了林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料,所述固体饮料包含林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L‑乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精以及稳定剂。本申请固体饮料中的林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、骨胶原蛋白肽中的多肽成分具有抗氧化、促进骨生长等作用;乳酸钙、林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、乳矿物盐提供了较大量的钙离子,为骨生长提供了良好的营养环境。本申请的固体饮料中林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉利用了提取后剩余物进行二次提取开发,实现综合利用和促进环保。节约原料成本。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于保健品和食品领域,具体地,本申请提供了一种林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
将林蛙加工过程中剩余的林蛙骨加工为林蛙骨胶原蛋白或者林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽,可以充分利用林蛙这一珍贵资源。现有技术表明,林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽具有抗氧化、抗炎、促进成骨细胞生长和分化等作用,是制备保健品的良好原料。
茶氨酸是茶叶中的主要呈味物质之一,其具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、降血压、减肥等多种功效,是饮用产品中的优良添加剂。本领域中已经有将胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、酪蛋白磷酸肽等成分制备成固体饮料形式的保健品或食品的先例,这样的保健品或食品营养丰富,且有补充钙质、提高骨密度、提高免疫力等功效。
如何进一步提高此类产品的效果和口感,是本领域的重要研究方向之一。
发明内容
为解决上述需求,一方面,本申请提供了林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料,所述固体饮料包含林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L-乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精以及选自卡拉胶、槐豆胶、黄原胶、决明胶、可得然胶、可溶性大豆多糖中一种或多种的稳定剂。
进一步地,所述固体饮料中各成分的质量份数为:林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉3-8份、骨胶原蛋白肽5-10份、乳矿物盐0.2-1份、阿拉伯糖1-3份、L-乳酸钙2-6份、姜提取物0.3-1份、甜菊糖苷0.02-0.05份、牛磺酸0.1-0.2份、木糖醇8-15份、低聚异麦芽糖20-30份、麦芽糊精35-45份、维生素C 0.1-0.4份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.3-0.5份、茶氨酸3-7份、食用香精0.05-0.2份、稳定剂0.8-1份。
进一步地,所述固体饮料中各成分的质量份数为:林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉4.5份、骨胶原蛋白肽8份、乳矿物盐0.5份、阿拉伯糖1.5份、L-乳酸钙3份、姜提取物0.5份、甜菊糖苷0.035份、牛磺酸0.12份、木糖醇9份、低聚异麦芽糖25.5份、麦芽糊精40.6份、维生素C 0.2份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.425份、茶氨酸5份、食用香精0.12份、稳定剂1份。
进一步地,所述稳定剂为卡拉胶和槐豆胶,或者可溶性大豆多糖和槐豆胶。
进一步地,所述稳定剂为卡拉胶0.3份和槐豆胶0.7份,或者可溶性大豆多糖0.4份和槐豆胶0.6份。
进一步地,所述固体饮料的食用方法为:将固体饮料加入固体饮料质量6-8倍的,60-70摄氏度的水中;搅拌混合后饮用。
另一方面,本申请提供了上述固体饮料的制备方法,所述方法包括:制备林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉;称量林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、骨胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L-乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精、稳定剂;分别过100目筛后使用混合机混合。
进一步地,所述林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉使用以下方法制备:
(1)将林蛙去除内脏、肉、筋膜获得林蛙骨;将林蛙骨干燥、粉碎、过筛获得林蛙骨粉;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的林蛙骨粉加入4-6倍质量的蒸馏水中,使用均质机均质得到均质料液;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的均质料液放入超声提取灌内,调节pH至7.5-8.5,按0.8-1.2w/v%投料量投入胰蛋白酶;在45-50℃,1-1.5W/cm3功率密度下超声辅助酶解提取40-60分钟;灭酶,得到酶解料液;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的酶解料液进行喷雾干燥,得到林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉。
另一方面,本申请提供了上述固体饮料在制备增加骨密度的药物或者保健品中的应用。
本申请中的林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉制备过程不局限于上述过程,其他蛋白酶,如无花果蛋白酶、酸性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶等均可使用,可根据需要确定适合的酶解时间和超声参数等,甚至在酶解时间足够时,可以不使用超声处理。
本申请的固体饮料可以作为药物或保健品使用,以补充钙质,增加骨密度,促进骨骼生长,也可以增加适当的调味剂、增稠剂后作为日常饮品或粥品食用。
本申请的林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉利用林蛙加工中的肥料制备,充分利用了林蛙这一宝贵资源且节约了成本。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中的固体饮料冲泡后的钙螯合率变化情况。
图2为不同比例的卡拉胶和槐豆胶对固体饮料冲泡后的钙螯合率变化情况的影响(图例的比例中卡拉胶在前)。
图3为不同比例的可溶性大豆多糖和槐豆胶对固体饮料冲泡后的钙螯合率变化情况的影响(图例的比例中可溶性大豆多糖在前)。
具体实施方式
材料:
林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉自制:中国林蛙(Rana temporaria chensinensis,David)获自吉林某养殖基地:取林蛙油后的残体再经人工去除肉、筋膜等杂质;鼓风干燥箱中70摄氏度下干燥6小时;粉碎,过200目筛得林蛙骨粉;将林蛙骨粉加入4倍质量的蒸馏水中,均质机均质;将均质后的料液放入超声提取灌内,调节pH至7,按1w/v%和投料量投入胰蛋白酶;45℃,1.5W/cm3功率密度下超声提取45分钟;加热至80℃保持10分钟灭酶(测定水解度为20%左右,测定分子量主要在3000-5000);陶瓷层柱吸附过滤,钠膜分离;料液在空气压力0.3MPa,进口温度150℃,出口温度70℃工艺条件下进行喷雾干燥,得到林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉。
骨胶原蛋白肽(牛骨提取)、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L-乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精、卡拉胶、槐豆胶、黄原胶、决明胶、可得然胶、可溶性大豆多糖均为食品级或药用级,购自国产有相关资质的厂家。
螯合率的测定:
向样品中加入10倍体积的无水乙醇,静置2小时后离心去除沉淀,重复一次,参考GB/T5009.92-2003中食品中钙的测定章节中的EDTA滴定法检测上清中可溶性钙含量,按照公式:螯合率%=总钙含量-上清中可溶性钙含量/总钙含量×100%。
总钙含量使用GB5009.92-2016中的火焰原子吸收光谱法测定。检测时使用冲泡方法为将固体饮料加入固体饮料质量8倍的,60摄氏度的水中;搅拌混合;置于60摄氏度水浴中,持续低速搅拌;在所需时间点取样检测。
实施例1林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料的制备
按照以下配方制备林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料:
林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉粉4.5份、骨胶原蛋白肽8份、乳矿物盐0.5份、阿拉伯糖1.5份、L-乳酸钙3份、姜提取物0.5份、甜菊糖苷0.035份、牛磺酸0.12份、木糖醇9份、低聚异麦芽糖25.5份、麦芽糊精40.6份、维生素C 0.2份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.425份、茶氨酸5份、食用香精0.12份。
称量各成分后;分别过100目筛;使用混合机混合获得固体饮料。
根据前期研究和现有技术的记载,本申请中的林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、骨胶原蛋白肽中的多肽成分具有抗氧化、促进骨生长等作用。该固体饮料中的乳酸钙、林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、乳矿物盐提供了较大量的钙离子,为骨生长提供了良好的营养环境。
根据补钙领域的一般认识,游离的可溶性钙吸收情况较差,与多肽和氨基酸螯合后的螯合钙更容易在肠道中被吸收。本申请的固体饮料在冲泡后的温度(50摄氏度左右)和pH(7-8左右)实际具备了形成螯合钙的条件,但由于实际使用中冲泡后放置时间不会太长且温度下降较快,实际钙螯合率较低。具体参见图1,由于体系中有重组的氨基酸和多肽,螯合率随冲泡时间呈现明显的上升趋势,但在10min以内的一般食用时间内(正常食用中此类产品冲泡后多趁热饮用,不会防止很久,也不会如本申请检测过程中专门保温)螯合率并不理想。
实施例2稳定剂的加入
申请人尝试使用稳定剂稳定悬液体系,并借助部分食品用稳定剂的乳化作用改变肽链的暴露情况以促进螯合过程,考虑监管的要求和预实验的结果,加入稳定剂的总量为1份,使用的稳定剂,其6分钟和10分钟和螯合率如表1所示(三份平行实验)。
表1加入单一稳定剂对螯合率的影响
结果表明,部分稳定剂确实可以促进钙的螯合过程,特别是卡拉胶、可溶性大豆多糖这两种有比较明显乳化作用的稳定剂效果更佳。
在此基础上,申请人进一步尝试了1:1的两种稳定剂组合(各0.5份),结果如表2所示。
表2加入稳定剂组合对螯合率的影响
结果表明,不同稳定剂的组合有着不同的效果,某些组合(包括两种单用效果最佳的,有乳化作用的稳定剂组合)效果甚至不及单一稳定剂,含有槐豆胶的两种组合效果最佳。
实施例3稳定剂的比例
研究了卡拉胶和槐豆胶,以及可溶性大豆多糖和槐豆胶以3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3比例(卡拉胶/可溶性大豆多糖在前,槐豆胶在后)下的螯合效果,结果如图2和图3所示,虽然30分钟时的螯合率类似,但3:7的卡拉胶和槐豆胶、4:6的可溶性大豆多糖和槐豆胶相比其他比例明显加快了冲泡物中的钙螯合速率,在6分钟和10分钟时达到了35%和45%左右的水平。
实施例4固体饮料配方的确定
综上,确定固体饮料配方为:
林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉4.5份、骨胶原蛋白肽8份、乳矿物盐0.5份、阿拉伯糖1.5份、L-乳酸钙3份、姜提取物0.5份、甜菊糖苷0.035份、牛磺酸0.12份、木糖醇9份、低聚异麦芽糖25.5份、麦芽糊精40.6份、维生素C 0.2份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.425份、茶氨酸5份、食用香精0.12份、卡拉胶0.3份和槐豆胶0.7份。
或者
林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉4.5份、骨胶原蛋白肽8份、乳矿物盐0.5份、阿拉伯糖1.5份、L-乳酸钙3份、姜提取物0.5份、甜菊糖苷0.035份、牛磺酸0.12份、木糖醇9份、低聚异麦芽糖25.5份、麦芽糊精40.6份、维生素C 0.2份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.425份、茶氨酸5份、食用香精0.12份、可溶性大豆多糖0.4份和槐豆胶0.6份。
Claims (9)
1.林蛙骨胶原蛋白复合肽固体饮料,其特征在于,所述固体饮料包含林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L-乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精以及选自卡拉胶、槐豆胶、黄原胶、决明胶、可得然胶、可溶性大豆多糖中一种或多种的稳定剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的固体饮料,其中所述固体饮料中各成分的质量份数为:林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉3-8份、骨胶原蛋白肽5-10份、乳矿物盐0.2-1份、阿拉伯糖1-3份、L-乳酸钙2-6份、姜提取物0.3-1份、甜菊糖苷0.02-0.05份、牛磺酸0.1-0.2份、木糖醇8-15份、低聚异麦芽糖20-30份、麦芽糊精35-45份、维生素C 0.1-0.4份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.3-0.5份、茶氨酸3-7份、食用香精0.05-0.2份、稳定剂0.8-1份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的固体饮料,其中所述固体饮料中各成分的质量份数为:林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉4.5份、骨胶原蛋白肽8份、乳矿物盐0.5份、阿拉伯糖1.5份、L-乳酸钙3份、姜提取物0.5份、甜菊糖苷0.035份、牛磺酸0.12份、木糖醇9份、低聚异麦芽糖25.5份、麦芽糊精40.6份、维生素C 0.2份、酪蛋白磷酸肽0.425份、茶氨酸5份、食用香精0.12份、稳定剂1份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的固体饮料,其中所述稳定剂为卡拉胶和槐豆胶,或者可溶性大豆多糖和槐豆胶。
5.根据权利要求4所述的固体饮料,其中所述稳定剂为卡拉胶0.3份和槐豆胶0.7份,或者可溶性大豆多糖0.4份和槐豆胶0.6份。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的固体饮料,其中所述固体饮料的食用方法为:将固体饮料加入固体饮料质量6-8倍的,60-70摄氏度的水中;搅拌混合后饮用。
7.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的固体饮料的制备方法,所述方法包括:制备林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉;称量林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉、骨胶原蛋白肽、乳矿物盐、阿拉伯糖、L-乳酸钙、姜提取物、甜菊糖苷、牛磺酸、木糖醇、低聚异麦芽糖、麦芽糊精、维生素C、酪蛋白磷酸肽、茶氨酸、食用香精、稳定剂;分别过100目筛后使用混合机混合。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法或者根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的固体饮料,其中林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉使用以下方法制备:
(1)将林蛙去除内脏、肉、筋膜获得林蛙骨;将林蛙骨干燥、粉碎、过筛获得林蛙骨粉;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的林蛙骨粉加入4-6倍质量的蒸馏水中,使用均质机均质得到均质料液;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的均质料液放入超声提取灌内,调节pH至7.5-8.5,按0.8-1.2w/v%投料量投入胰蛋白酶;在45-50℃,1-1.5W/cm3功率密度下超声辅助酶解提取40-60分钟;
灭酶,得到酶解料液;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的酶解料液进行喷雾干燥,得到林蛙骨胶原蛋白肽粉。
9.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的固体饮料在制备增加骨密度的药物或者保健品中的应用。
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